-4-
SEED WHEAT
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•
K
G**ada Generally Used Not Up to th«
G at r den
INEXPENSIVE
AN
ICEHOUSE.
No Reason Why the Farmer Should Be
Without It.
Au icehouse and cool room may be
constructed as follows: Excavate a
half cellar in a perfectly dry place,
from which the surface slopes (or may
tie made to slots*) In all dir<*etions, so
us to prevent «lunger of muistur«* from
want of drainage. A stone or brick
wall is built around this and laid In
hydraulic cement. The fiin>r is <*e-
ment«*d. A frame or other building is
built upon this basement to contain
the ice. Twelve feet square will be
(urge enough for a moderate sized faui-
leieiwiMieiv
FIG. I.—ICEHOUSE AND COOL BOOM,
Standard.
T’ at tin* grad«* of se<*d wheat gen-
«•rally used is not up to the standard
was ascertained in an investigation by
<J. W, Shnw of tiie California station,
who t.*cure«l a large number of sain-
, f (.o,i wheat ox <*r a wide area in
the Sa<;i-iiiie;:i<> nrd San Joaquin val
ley s <>f t'alifornia to determine the
..-«■neral «bara : r of the teed u a»d by
the farmers of the state. In general
tile samples showed that the quality
of seed used by most farmers is lack
ing hi purity, |H*rfectlou of develop
ment, weight p«-r bushel, freedom from
weeds and freedom from bunt. It is
statist that practically all investlga-
tors have found the use of large,
(.lump seed and of a high weight per
bushel the most profitable. No perma-
nent benefit is Irelieved to be secured
from the frequent exchange of seed
unless a belter type of wheat or a
more vigorous strain of the same type
Is obtained by tin* exchange. The use
of seed from heavy yh-luiug plants, a
plump and heavy grain, a clean wheat
and a pure variety are considered by
him tiie most important points in seed
'•election.
In this connection the results secur
ed by E. G. Montgomery of the Ne
braska station in an experiment with
seed wheat and seed oats selected by
the use «>f the fanning mill are of in
terest. In these experiments heavy
seed wheat as separated by tiie fan
ning mill did not show an improve
ment in eli In r yield or quality of grain
as compared with light or unseparated
seed, and it is believed that no norma-
nent improvement In quality or yield
is to be exp«*cted from the use of the
fanning mill in seed selection.
At first thought it would seem that
if "Ilk«* produces like" th«* large or
heavy seeds should produce the best
crop. However, we must recognize the
individual plant as a unit for selection
rather than the individual seed. If a
single plant of wh«*at be taken and the
kernels thrashed out it will be found
that all sizes of kernels are produced
by the plant, some large nnil some
small.
As every wheat plant contains both
heavy and light seed, the fanning mill
giv«*s almost the same kind of wheal
so far ¡is inheritance is con ern<*d. in
the light wheat as in the heavy, It
must be remembered that reference is
ma'k* hero to tin* p rmanent results
which may be expected from th«* us«*
of tin* fanning mill aud that its use or
th«* use of screens for removing ob
noxious weed see«l is in no way discour
aged.
ily, as au icehouse of that size will
hold about twenty loads or tons of ice.
The main point is the division be-
tween the icehouse aud the room be-
low it. This must be perfectly air
tight and a moderately good conductor
of beat. The floor may be laid iu the
following manner:
Beams of sufficient strength are lai«l
across and the ends well bedded in ce
ment. A floor of zinc sheets is then
laid U[)on the beams, tile sheets being
closely nail«*«! to the beams upon strips
of rubber sheeting to make tiie joints
water and air tight. The beams should
be dressed smoothly. The zinc sheets
art* bent, as shown in tiie illustration i
(Fig. 2). This Is for. the purpose of
causing the moisture, which will con
dense upon the underside of ttiis ceil
lug, to flow downward to tiie lower
angle, where it will drip, The drip is
caught in the little gutters of zinc
shown in the figure attached to the
ceiling aud is carried off by a proper
With this water will also be
drain
carried off much of the impurity of
the atmosphere, and if very little ven
tilation is given there will be little
condensation and the air will be kept
dry. This point must be well attended
Honey Vinegar.
to, as tiie danger of excessive ventila
A modification of a Ftoucli generator
tion 1 h very great. The beams -and devised at the Arizona station will
zinc celling should be painted with prove especially serviceable where
white paint—lead and oil.
only small amounts of honey wine are
Above the zinc ceiling a thin layer of
dry, fresh sawdust should be lai«i
smoothly, and a floor of matched pine
boards should I>e laid upon that and
thoroughly coated with melted pitch.
This floor should slope a little to one
corner so as to draw the waste water
from the Ice there, and ¡in 8 trap drain
should be laid from that to carry off
the water into the drain above men
tinned. The usual layer of sawdust is
laid upon this floor to prevent too rap
id conveyance of heat from below to
bARll.CL Foil ACETIFICATION OF HONEY
the ice above. Small double windows
WINE.
FICI. IIZINC SHEETS.
should lie used in the cool chamber be
low to prevent access of heat from the
outside, and they should l»e fitted air
tight. Ventilation should be provided
for by means of a wooden pipe with a
slide, by which the opening can be
regulated. By carefully regulating the
ventilation the air may be kept dry.
Market Hogs.
What kind <'if hog will bring th**
most money lu the market, aud what
breed will make the ls*st market hog?
These are questions hard to answer
definitely. Markets vary as to the
class of hogs that will sell at the top.
When lard is at a premium the hog
that yields a large amount of lard is
the market topper, and that, means
the heavy, thick, fat hog. When lard
is below other products this kind of
hog sells for less than the light weight
which will make handy pork loins and
gtaal hams without too much fat on
them. Taking one year with another
in eastern markets, the hog of ISO to
200 pounds will hit the top offener
than any other weight. In western
markets hogs of aroutnl 250 pounds
Some
will probably average best,
times lighter or heavier hogs will out
sell these grades, according to the
fluctuations In price of the product
lu summer hog prices cover the widest
range because there Is the greatest
difference in the yield of product at
this season. In the w inter all hogs are
coru fed and yield more uniform quan
tities of product. In summer many
are grassers that make low yields and
of Inferior quality to corn ft*d hogs.
A 200 pothid hog that dresses MO per
cent yields 100 pounds, one that dress
es 75 per cent yields 150 |M>un<ls, aud
one that dresses 70 per eent yields
only 110 pounds, an enormous differ
euce In a carload of hogs. which the
buyer makes allowance for in buying
them on foot. As a rule, of late the
best hogs have been the cheapest on
the hooks at the fop of the market lie
cause they have yielded so much more
product than the others, which looked
cheaper to the inexperienced observer,
As to the breed that killers like liest
probably more would answer Berk*
shire than any other breed. But hogs
are what killers want, and the kind
they want wilj top the market, wheth-
W M m < while, rsd or spotted..
*
•
9
to be made into vinegar from time to
time. A good wine or alcohol barrel is
carefully painted on the outside to pre
vent corrosion of tiie hoops. A vent
hole is now bored iu each end of the
cask near the chime on the side next
the bung and covered with a fine
screen to keep out insects. At the bot-
tom of one end a spigot is Inserted and
a perpendicular row of gimlet boles
bored aud tit ted wit 11 wooden plugs to
act as a gauge. Fresh wine, which
must lirst be fully fermented, can be
added from time to time through a
tube passing in at the bunghole and
ending near the bottom of the cask,
in this way the active film will not be
disturbed by drawing off a little vine
rar or adding a little fresli wine. The
lube must not la* of metal, but can be
of glass where available. In this re
gion a largo stalk of native cane, the
Joints of which have been perforated
with a hot iron, makes a very service
able tune. A tin funnel tnay be used
in pouring the wine into the tube. A
similar apparatus has beeu found very
serviceable in France for converting
table wine waste into vinegar. Such
wnstes under suitable temperature
conditions yield good vinegar in nine
ty days. The generator is started with
a mixture of about three-fourths wine
and one fourth good vinegar. When
once started no new vinegar need be
added.
Weevil In Wheat.
El. A. Gossard. entomologist of the
Ohio experiment station, gives the fol
lowing method of ridding wheat blns
of weevil:
To destroy weevils working In wheat
blns fumigate with bisulphide of car
bon. Procure one pound of the liquid
for each thousand cubic feet of space
Inclosed in the bln. Tour the liquid
Into shallow containers, such as plates
or tin pans, and set on top of the
grain.
Make the building as nearly air tight
as possible by pasting (wiper strips
over the cracks, windows, etc. If the
door does not tit tightly tack a horse
blanket over it with lath strips after
charging the bln with the chemical.
Keep closed for thirty hours. I»o not
bring a lamp or light of any kind, such
as a lighted cigar, near the building
while fumigation is In progress. Fu
migation for thirty hours ought not to
injure the grain for either seeding or
milling purposes. If one fumigation
does uot succeed repeat the treatment
ss often h * necessa,ry, increasing the
dos«* tf the building leaks gas.
The chief merit of the silo lies in the
fact that It enables the dairyman la
furnish his cows summer fev<i lu the
winter months, which n suits in a cor-
responding increase in milk and butler
returns.
•
The New, Elegantly Fitted and •pnteif •
ELIZABETH.
T
kia
Thu
A farmer living near Greeley, Colo.,
the past season grew eighty-eight l< ¡ i
of pumpkins <>n lour acres of land I. Ill«»
crop pelting him belter than «4»' *«>.
This fellow is certainly some pump.
kins, to use u bit of slang
l*ro|>erl,v cured coru fodder is not
only relished by all kinds of live slock,
but constitutes a most excellent a ml
nutritious food.
With enormous
amounts of it going to waste annually
a big leak exists in the management of
the farm for which there is ■'«■ally no
good excuse.
Sawdust has no value as fertilizer
outside of tin- (iotas h It would contain
in the form of ashes and the liumu.-, it
would add to the soil in the shape of
wood mold when decayed. Sawdust
may be used to advantage as au ab
sorbent of liquid manures and iu this
capacity would serve a very useful
purpose.
A reader of these notes who has had
good op|>ortunity to note the effects of
clover growing on his own farm told
the writer recently that hereafter be
should never sow an acre of oats with
out adding a moderate amount of
clover seed
Ills plan might be fol
lowed with profit by a good many of
his fellows
First-class Passenger Fare,
Freight Rates,
$7.50
$3 on L Freight
E. T. Kruse, managing agent. 24 California St., Sa.:
New Year'» resolution» are liable to
m smoke" but you should be careful
thuone---to take a course in the
VŸŸtîttt
■ULJ!
Miller-Cleaver Business
College
Hotel Galli
Resolve Io make your »elf more valuable as a
competent office man or woman
“DO IT NOW”
Rates $i.oo to $2.00 per day.
MILLER - CLEAVER
Business College
NORTH BEND
week or month.
OREGON
Special rates by
Sample Room in Connection
Bandon
¡FURNISHED ROOMS
AT
A. MO NAIR
The Pacific
THE HARDWARE MAN
BRIDGE A BEACH Stove«, Range* and Healers have in them so raa-y cxc
that they are now acknowledged the greatest sellers on the coast and they are jro ving
in favor every year.
We have the exclusive agency in Bandon
for
these ht usehold
and office necessities, and prices range exceedingly modest in either caie.
THE MERCY HOSPITAL
TINNING AND PLUMBING A SPECIALTY.
Our Assortment of Hardware, Tinware and Edged Tools is Most Complete.
At North Bend
I h oow open for the re
ception of patients. Tbe
terms are $10 per week
and upwards, For par
ticulars apply to ; ;
Sisters of Mercy
In no way does a fellow reveal more
quickly the type of a farmer he is than
North Be nd, Or.
in the use which be makes of the great
byproduct of the farm, manure. If
he is enterprising he will get this on to
the land as fresh as possible, so that
its full fertilizing value will be real
-.
O regon |
ized, while if he is a slipshod chap he bandon
will quite likely let it accumulate and
Druggist and Apothecary
permit a good share of its strength to
1« just in receipt of h new stock of
leech away as a result of rains and ex
Drugs and Chemicals, Patent and
posure.
Proprietary Preparations. Toilet Ar
A definite and effective cure and pre ticles. Druggist Sundries, Perfumes.
ventive of hog cholera has been dis Brushes, Sponges, Soap, Nuts and
covered by specialists in animal dis Candies, Cigars, Tobaccos and Cig
Glass and
eases in the employment of the depart arettes, P kid I h , Oils,
ment of agriculture at Washington. Painter's Supplies.
The treatment consists of inoculating
the hogs with virus from an anima)
affected with the disease, which seems
to render immune to the disease those
treated. So effective does the cure
seem to be that hopes are entertained
that the disease, which in the past has
meant a loss to hog raisers of the
country of millions of dollars annual
ly, may be entirely eradicated.
Clarence Y. Lowe '
BANDON STEAM LAUNDRY
Family Washing a Specialty
First Class Laundry Work Guaranteed.
attention given to fine woolen goods.
Cleaning and
F. A BATES, Pro rietor
SHIELDS <fc KENNED/
BLACKSNITHN
AND
WAGOXMA li F. RS
Wagons of All kinds Made to Order
ttoricsboeiaf a Specialty
ranteed to give «atuta
«adsfactiou.
Job Work attended to promptly and all work guaranteed
reasonable. Shop on Atwater Street, Bandon, Oregon.
Z»
n »1
community'
The type of agriculture followed on
■ good many farms might be greatly
Improved, with increased profits accru
ing to both landlord and tenant, if
the lease on which the farm was rent
ed were for five or more years instead
of one, as is too often the case. The
one year renter naturally feels that he
cannot afford to put in a lot of hard
work on the farm one season when a
large per cent of the benefit resulting
cannot be realized until the following
year. Likewise the landlord justifies
himself in doing as little as he is re
quired to under the terms of the lease
when he knows that Ids tenant intends
to remain but a year and is bent on
skinning the land to the limit and
would not be in a mood to appreciate
improvements tiie benefit from which
would extend over a (teriod of more
than one year. It Is therefore plain
to be seen that the long term lease is
best for the tenant, best for the land
lord and far and away the best thing
for the farm in which each has a mil-
tual financial Interest
Read the
»Mn
The chief exponent of the merits of the
Coquille Valley
$1.50 A YEAR
RINTING THATS DONE RIGHT add« dignity and distinc
tion to your business. Do all your corresponding on neat*
ly printed letter heads.
Neatly printed return envelope*
are a safeguard against your letters being lost in the mails. We do
your work when you want it and guarantee satisfaction.
P
•
• •
: •
Special
pressing Mens’ Saits and Ladies' tine rkirts given
prompt atteotion
Keep posted on the news of the
• •
¡•ncisco.
to keep
I
Starting in a small way but a few
years ago, the cement industry of the
country has grown until last year the
output of the product was 50,000,000
barrels. The scarcity of lumlier iu the
next few years Is sure to result in an
enormous Increase over these figures.
Some one has said that the mixing
of cement requires but little more
brains than the mixing of mud pies.
This is likely overdrawn, but it never-
theless (Miints to the fact that the
pi-'wess Is not a difficult one aud that
any on«* who is of an enterprising turn
•f mind am has tiie proper directions
<*nu make u: uiy of the cement im
provements nb< ut his place. For one
who wishes to study the subject as
well as secure . .act: al suggestions
for doing different kinds of cement
work farmers' bulletin No. 235, is-
sued by the agricultural department at
Washington, will be found helpful.
This takes up the questions of mate
rials tools and mixing and gives def
inite directions for making concrete
walks and foundations as well
meat posts.
,0^0«.
J. E. WALSTROM, Agent. Bandon. Oreg«
Tiie real character of some folks is
as often indicate«! by the attitude
MRS SARAH COSTELLO
which they take on trifliug things as
by that involved in matters of much
Nice clean rooms 25 and 50c a
greater consequence. Many times a
night; $1.25 a week; $5 amonth
person wouldn't think of perpetrating
------
OREGON
•1 dew aright swindle on another, yet BANDON
has been known to give himself dead
away for less than ltt cents.
The prevailing high prices of feed
and grain render it imperative that the
owner of a dairy herd should spot the
loafers and weed out without ceremony
those individuals that are barely pay
ing their keei) or constitute a positive
source of loss. It is a farce to feed
twenty cent corn to these loafers and
a still more serious matter to feed that
which is worth 50 cents.
1. u
natu
tk*
l^A*^
IMIWÛVSr
wd Will
will
steamer
new, ■ « is Uiongly Rss.lt
built .nd
and Rttawl
fitted tazstk
with
the
ImM
laspev*«' fxtl
■nU AAfl
give a regular 8 day servwe, for passengers and freight, betwaan the Coquili-
Price«