Page 4
Spilyay Tymoo, Warm Springs, Oregon
Conference: Thank you to our sponsors
(Continued from page 1)
Jefferson Greene, language,
artist and culture bearer.
Bunky Echo Hawk Jr., Paw-
nee–Yakama painter.
Edward Heath, Warm Springs
photographer. Woody Hunt,
Cherokee-Modoc filmmaker.
The Honorable Alfred Lane III,
Siletz culture bearer and linguist.
Phillip Cash Cash, Ph.D., Nez
Perce–Cayuse culture bearer and
linguist. Toma Villa, Yakama Na-
tion painter.
Louie Pitt, director of Govern-
mental Affiars, Confederated
Tribes of Warm Springs.
Thank you, sponsors
The Treaty Conference will
provide an overview of the his-
tory of treaties and, specifically,
the history of treaties as it per-
tains to the tribes in Oregon.
A focus will be providing this
information in furtherance of the
education of Warm Springs tribal
young people and all citizens, as
this relates to the inheritance of
Treaty rights and responsibilities.
The conference panels will pro-
vide information for administra-
‘
… to govern them as
a distinct people was
impossible, because
they were as brave
and as high spirited
as they were fierce,
and were ready to
repel by arms every
attempt on their inde-
pendence… ’
Chief Justice Marshall
Johnson v. McIntosh
(1823)
tors of Oregon’s county and state
governments and federal admin-
istrators of the Pacific Northwest
region.
The Museum at Warm Springs
and the Confederated Tribes of
the Warm Springs wish to thank
our sponsors.
The conference, Treaty exhibit
and associated programs are spon-
sored by:
The Meyer Memorial Trust;
Collins Foundation; the Oregon
Community Foundation; the PGE
Foundation and the PGE Corpo-
ration; Samuel Johnson Founda-
tion; Oregon Humanities; Siletz
Tribal Charitable Fund; Round-
house Foundation; Native Arts
and Cultures Foundation; among
others. Co-Sponsors are the Or-
egon Historical Society; High
Desert Museum; Confluence
Project; Tananáwit; Orrick,
Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP; and
Karnopp Petersen LLP.
The Middle Oregon Treaty
of 1855 Display will be on view
at the Museum through Novem-
ber 3. The exhibit includes six
pages of the original Middle Or-
egon Treaty of 1855 that estab-
lished the Warm Springs Reser-
vation.
The Treaty pages, on loan
from the National Archives in
Washington, D.C., were selected
by museum archivist Evaline Patt.
Museum hours are Tuesday
through Saturday, 9 a.m. to 5
p.m.; and 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. during
the Treaty Conference.
The Middle Oregon Treaty ~ 1855
Tr eaty of Wasco, Columbia
River, Oregon Territor y with the
Taih, Wyam, Tenino, & Dock-
Spus Bands of the Walla-Walla,
and the Dalles, Ki-Gal-Twal-La,
and the Dog River Bands of the
Wasco
June 25, 1855 ~ 12 Stat., 963.
- Ratified Mar. 8, 1859. - Pro-
claimed Apr. 18, 1859.
Articles of agreement and con-
vention made and concluded at
Wasco, near the Dalles of the Co-
lumbia River, in Oregon Territory,
by Joel Palmer, superintendent of
Indian affairs, on the part of the
United States, and the following-
named chiefs and head-men of
the confederated tribes and bands
of Indians, residing in Middle Or-
egon, they being duly authorized
thereto by their respective bands,
to wit:
Sym-tustus, Locks-quis-sa,
Shick-a-me, and Kuck-up, chiefs
of the Taih or Upper De Chutes
band of Walla-Wallas; Stocket-ly
and Iso, chiefs of the Wyam or
Lower De Chutes band of Walla-
Wallas; Alexis and Talkish, chiefs
of the Tenino band of Walla-
Wallas; Yise, chief of the Dock-
Spus or John Day’s River band of
Walla-Wallas; Mark, William
Chenook, and Cush-Kella, chiefs
of the Dalles band of the
Wascoes; Toh-simph, chief of the
Ki-gal-twal-la band of Wascoes;
and Wal-la-chin, chief of the Dog
River band of Wascoes.
Article 1. The above-named
confederated bands of Indians
cede to the United States all their
right, title, and claim to all and
every part of the country claimed
by them, included in the follow-
ing boundaries, to wit:
Commencing in the middle of
the Columbia River, at the Cas-
cade Falls, and running thence
southerly to the summit of the
Cascade Mountains; thence along
said summit to the forty-fourth
parallel of north latitude; thence
east on that parallel to the sum-
mit of the Blue Mountains, or the
western boundary of the Sho-sho-
ne or Snake country; thence
northerly along that summit to a
point due east from the head-wa-
ters of Willow Creek; thence west
to the head-waters of said creek;
thence down said stream to its
junction with the Columbia River;
and thence down the channel of
the Columbia River to the place
of beginning.
Provided, however, that so
much of the country described
above as is contained in the fol-
lowing boundaries, shall, until oth-
erwise directed by the President of
the United States, be set apart as a
residence for said Indians, which
tract for the purposes contem-
plated shall be held and regarded
as an Indian reservation, to wit:
Commencing in the middle of
the channel of the De Chutes River
opposite the eastern termination
of a range of high lands usually
known as the Mutton Mountains;
thence westerly to the summit of
said range, along the divide to its
connection with the Cascade
Mountains; thence to the summit
of said mountains; thence south-
erly to Mount Jefferson; thence
down the main branch of De
Chutes River; heading in this peak,
to its junction with De Chutes
River; and thence down the middle
of the channel of said river to the
place of beginning.
All of which tract shall be set
apart, and, so far as necessary, sur-
veyed and marked out for their
exclusive use; nor shall any white
person be permitted to reside upon
the same without the concurrent
permission of the agent and su-
perintendent.
The said bands and tribes agree
to remove to and settle upon the
same within one year after the rati-
fication of this treaty, without any
additional expense to the United
States other than is provided for
by this treaty; and, until the expira-
tion of the time specified, the said
bands shall be permitted to occupy
and reside upon the tracts now
possessed by them, guaranteeing to
all white citizens the right to enter
upon and occupy as settlers any
lands not included in said reserva-
tion, and not actually enclosed by
said Indians.
Provided, however, That prior
to the removal of said Indians to
said reservation, and before any
improvements contemplated by
this treaty shall have been com-
menced, that if the three principal
bands, to wit: the Wascopum, Tiah,
or Upper De Chutes, and the
Lower De Chutes bands of Walla-
Wallas shall express in council, a
desire that some other reservation
may be selected for them, that the
three bands named may select each
three persons of their respective
bands, who with the superintendent
of Indian affairs or agent, as may
by him be directed, shall proceed
to examine, and if another loca-
tion can be selected, better suited
to the condition and wants of said
Indians, that is unoccupied by the
whites, and upon which the board
of commissioners thus selected
may agree, the same shall be de-
clared a reservation for said Indi-
ans, instead of the tract named in
this treaty.
Provided, also, That the exclu-
sive right of taking fish in the
streams running through and bor-
dering said reservation is hereby
secured to said Indians; and at all
other usual and accustomed sta-
tions, in common with citizens of
the United States, and of erect-
ing suitable houses for curing the
same; also the privilege of hunt-
ing, gathering roots and berries,
and pasturing their stock on un-
claimed lands, in common with
citizens, is secured to them.
And provided, also, That if any
band or bands of Indians, resid-
ing in and claiming any portion or
portions of the country in this
article, shall not accede to the
terms of this treaty, then the bands
becoming parties hereunto agree
to receive such part of the sev-
eral and other payments herein
named as a consideration for the
entire country described as afore-
said as shall be in the proportion
that their aggregate number may
have to the whole number of In-
dians residing in and claiming the
entire country aforesaid, as con-
sideration and payment in full for
the tracts in said country claimed
by them.
And provided, also, That where
substantial improvements have
been made by any members of
the bands being parties to this
treaty, who are compelled to aban-
don them in consequence of said
treaty, the same shall be valued,
under the direction of the Presi-
dent of the United States, and
payment made therefor; or, in lieu
of said payment, improvements
of equal extent and value at their
option shall be made for them on
the tracts assigned to each respec-
tively.
Article 2. In consideration of,
and payment for, the country
hereby ceded, the United States
agree to pay the bands and tribes
of Indians claiming territory and
residing in said country, the sev-
eral sums of money following, to
wit:
Eight thousand dollars per an-
num for the first five years, com-
mencing on the first day of Sep-
tember, 1856, or as soon thereaf-
ter as practicable. Six thousand dol-
lars per annum for the term of
October 24, 2018
Conference Agenda
(Continued from 1)
Thursday afternoon
3:15-4:45—Panel: Beyond
Termination—Klamath Tribes
and the Confederated Tribes
of Siletz Indians. Moderator,
Kathleen Shaye Hill with Bud
Lane III and Charles
Wilkinson.
Thursday evening
5-6—Reception in the
lobby of the Museum. Spon-
sors recognition. Social time in
Main Event tent. With
Howard Arnett, introduction
by Louie Pitt.
6—Dinner served.
7—Charles Wilkinson, in-
troduced by Jody Calica,
speaks on ‘Experiencing
Northwest Tribes.’
8—Cultural
sharing
speaker—‘A Quest in Search
of the Cayuse Five: Healing
from Historical Trauma,’ with
Phillip Cash Cash, introduced
by Elizabeth Woody.
Friday, October 26
8 a.m.—Continental break-
fast available. Welcome from
2018 Miss War m Springs
Thyreicia Simtustus.
9-10—Honorable Alfred
Lane III, introduction by
Valerie Switzler, speaking on
‘Traditional Government—
Executive Power.’
10:15—12:30 p.m.—Panel:
The Rim of Fire—Interna-
tional Indigenous Sovereignty.
Moderator, Alfred Lane III,
with Howard Arnett and Eliza-
beth Woody.
Afternoon
12:30-1:45—Lunch is
served, and the speaker is
five years next succeeding the first
five. Four thousand dollars per
annum for the term of five years
next succeeding the second five;
and Two thousand dollars per an-
num for the term of five years
next succeeding the third five.
All of which several sums of
money shall be expended for the
use and benefit of the confeder-
ated bands, under the direction of
the President of the United States,
who may from time to time, at his
discretion determine what propor-
tion thereof shall be expended for
such objects as in his judgment will
promote their well-being and ad-
vance them in civilization; for their
moral improvement and educa-
tion; for building, opening and
fencing farms, breaking land, pro-
viding teams, stock, agricultural
implements, seeds, &c.; for cloth-
ing, provisions, and tools; for medi-
cal purposes, providing mechanics
and farmers, and for arms and am-
munition.
Article 3.The United States
agree to pay said Indians the addi-
tional sum of fifty thousand dol-
lars, a portion whereof shall be ap-
plied to the payment for such ar-
ticles as may be advanced them at
the time of signing this treaty, and
in providing, after the ratification
thereof and prior to their removal,
such articles as may be deemed by
the President essential to their want;
for the erection of buildings on the
reservation, fencing and opening
farms; for the purchase of teams,
farming implements, clothing and
provisions, tools, seeds, and for the
payment of employees; and for
subsisting the Indians the first year
after their removal.
Article 4. In addition to the
considerations specified the United
States agree to erect, at suitable
points on the reservation, one saw-
mill and one flouring-mill; suitable
hospital buildings; one school-
house; one blacksmith-shop with a
tin and a gunsmith-shop thereto
attached; one wagon and plough
maker shop; and for one sawyer,
Kathleen Shaye Hill, intro-
duced by Elizbeth Woody. The
subject is, ‘Fulfillment of Sa-
cred Trust—The Klamath Ba-
sin Experience.’
2-3—Panel: Senior Water
Rights and Protection of Sa-
cred Salmon. Moderator,
Kathleen Shaye Hill, with
Michelle DePass and Charles
Wilkinson.
3:45-5:15—Panel: Indian
Nations and Inherent Sover-
eignty—Tribal Court and Tribal
Law. Moderator, Howard
Arnett, with Louie Pitt and
Robert J. Miller.
6—Dinner is served.
7—Rebecca Miles, intro-
duced by Louie Pitt, speaks on
‘Traditions of Indigenous Fe-
male Leadership.’
8—Free time.
Saturday, October 27
8 a.m.—Continental break-
fast.
9-10—Robert J. Miller
speaks on ‘Economic Sover-
eignty.’
10:15-11:45—Panel:
American Indian Lan-
guages—Sacredness that
Emanates from our Tongues.
Moderator Phillip Cash Cash
with Bud Lane III and Valerie
Switzler.
Afternoon
12-1 p.m.—Lunch, and dis-
cussion, ‘What is Sovereignty
in the Future?’ Table host to
gather comments.
1-3—We Honor War m
Springs Living Treasures.
Hosted by the Museum at
Warm Springs Board of Di-
rectors.
one miller, one superintendent of
farming operations, a farmer, a
physician, a schoolteacher, a black-
smith, and a wagon and plough
maker, a dwelling house and the
requisite outbuildings for each;
and to purchase and keep in re-
pair for the time specified for fur-
nishing employees all necessary
mill-fixtures, mechanics’ tools,
medicines and hospital stores,
books and stationery for schools,
and furniture for employees.
The United States further en-
gage to secure and pay for the ser-
vices and subsistence, for the term
of fifteen years, of one farmer,
one blacksmith, and one wagon and
plough maker; and for the term
of twenty years, of one physician,
one sawyer, one miller, one super-
intendent of farming operations,
and one school teacher.
The United States also engage
to erect four dwelling-houses, one
for the head chief of the confed-
erated bands, and one each for the
Upper and Lower De Chutes
bands of Walla-Wallas, and for the
Was-copum band of Wascoes, and
to fence and plough for each of
the said chiefs ten acres of land;
also to pay the head chief of the
confederated bands a salary of
five hundred dollars per annum
for twenty years, commencing six
months after the three principal
bands named in this treaty shall
have removed to the reservation,
or as soon thereafter as a head
chief should be elected:
And provided, also, That at any
time when by the death, resigna-
tion, or removal of the chief se-
lected, there shall be a vacancy and
a successor appointed or selected,
the salary, the dwelling, and im-
provements shall be possessed by
said successor, so long as he shall
occupy the position as head chief;
so also with reference to the dwell-
ings and improvements provided
for by this treaty for the head
chiefs of the three principal bands
named.
(The TREATY continues on 5)