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4-H Program
Family Community Health
Morning Rae Ferris
Danita Macy
Arlene Boileau
Jeanette Henderson
Sara Smith
John Brunoe
4-H is back in Warm Springs
Hello, my name is Morning Rae Ferris. I have
joined Oregon State University Extension to fill
the 4-H Youth Development Faculty position in
Warm Springs. Before joining the OSU faculty, I
was part of the OSU Extension administrative
team as the Office Coordinator, employed by the
Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs.
So what is 4-H?
4-H is the largest out-of-school youth program
in the United States. There are more than 6 mil
lion 4-H members nationwide, and thousands of
young people participate in Oregon 4-H each year.
Through 4-H, young people learn and grow in
partnership with caring adults to develop the skills
and confidence needed to become contributing,
productive, self-directed members of society. Be
cause 4-H uses an active, learn-by-doing approach,
young people see how their actions make a dif
ference in the lives of others and the world around
them. 4-H is the only nationwide youth organiza
tion administered through land-grant universities.
In Oregon, 4-H is affiliated with Oregon State
University. At the local level, OSU faculty mem
bers who live or work in the community they serve
provide leadership and oversight of 4-H. These
faculty members have extensive training in youth
development principles and also are in touch with
the needs of the community’s young people. Vol
unteers who work with 4-H are invited to do so
only after they undergo extensive background
checks. They must also participate in training that
includes topics such as club organization, risk man
agement, and working with youth.
Beginning in October, OSU Exten
sion will be reintroducing the 4-H pro
gram into Warm Springs Elementary
P.E. and 5th grade cooking classes.
Thanks to Danita Macy and the FCH
(Family and Community Health) team,
they have allowed 4-H to participate in
the WSE programming. This time slot
will be used to educate students about
4-H, what it means to become a 4-H
member, the benefits to 4-H, activities
and games, and future 4-H events.
I am very excited to be a part of the
OSU Extension 4-H and to have the
opportunity to share the 4-H programs with the
community of Warm Springs. My goals for the
first year are to become engaged with tribal pro
gramming and to bring more outdoor activities
such as mountain biking, white water rafting, ski
ing, snowmobiling, fly fishing, hiking and much,
much more!
My office is located on the second floor of
the Education building. I will be available by phone
at 541-553-3238 or by email:
morning, ferris@oregonstate.edu.
September is
National Breakfast
month
and Eastern Shoshone. I re
ceived my BA Degree in Art
from Fort Lewis College in
Durango, Colo, in 2004.
After graduation, I was em
ployed by the Eastern Shoshone
Boys and Girls Club in Wyoming
until I was accepted into gradu
ate school at the University of
Oregon. In 2009, I graduated
from the University of Oregon
with a MA Degree in Arts Ad
Getting to know me
ministration. Shordy after gradu
Yes, my first name is Morning or some people ation, I accepted a position at
like to call me “Miixmaic’qi” and this works too! OSU Extension in Warm
I am originally from the Wind River Indian Springs.
Reservation in Wyoming. I am Northern Arapaho
Culture Enrichment Camp 2011
Well “4-H Camp at Peters Pasture” is over.
The campers had lots of fun and learned about
their culture and about themselves.
The campers had fun doing skits, singing camp
songs at the campfire while making smores, swim
ming in cold water, taking sweats, becoming aware
of their culture, but most of all making new
friends and lots of good memories of camp.
There are so many folks to thank. I will start
by thanking the following departments and people
for their devoted support to this endeavor for
our Warm Springs youth and families. Big thanks
to all the staff at KWSO for all their PSA’s at the
last minute, Spilyay for all the good words and
coverage of 4-H Camp. To Natural Resources
for building the fence and removing the part of
the tree blocking the girls sweat into the creek.
Warm Springs Utilities for all the hard work at
Peters Pastures in the building and cement pad.
Culture and Heritage staff for teaching and Val
Switzler for her financial support. Caroline Cruz
for all her financial and staff support. The Dia your summer and smile too
betes team and C.H.E.T. for traveling to 4-H (please forgive me if I forgot
camp to teach classes. To the entire teaching staff to mention you).
Thank you. Arlene Boileau,
that traveled to 4-H camp to teach the Campers.
To Tiger and his crew for all the help they gave 4-H Camp Coordinator
so generously, and to Lana Leonard and her stu
dents for their help. To Identity Zone and Howie
Arnette for the sponsorship of the
camp t-shirts and to all our funding
business for their support. I want to
thank the parents/guardians of the
4-H campers, for trusting all the 4-H
Camp Staff with your children.
To all the 4-H Camp Staff and
OSU Staff: Fara, J.T., John, Sara,
Morning, Danita, Rosanna, Merle and
Ashley.
You are to be commended for all
your energy, time, effort, and com
mitment for a job well done.
Take care and enjoy the rest of Campers canning blueberry jam
0
Food safety starts in the garden
Fara Brummer and John Brunoe
By Judy Scott
Judy. scott@oregonstate. edu.
CORVALLIS — An outbreak
of E. coli 0157:H7 in fresh
strawberries sickened at least 10
people in Oregon in July and re
minds us that food safety starts
in the garden.
Sam Angima, a soils special
ist, and Carolyn Raab, a foods
and nutrition specialist - both
with the Oregon State Univer
sity Extension Service — offer
these words of caution.
Fruits and vegetables can be
carriers of pathogens that cause
foodborne illnesses such as E.
coli 0157:H7 and salmonella
especially if untreated animal
manure has been used in or is
near the garden, Raab said. If
animals have access to the gar
den, that could be a source of
manure.
“The risk associated with gar-
© 2011 Oregon State University. This pub
lication was produced and distributed in
furtherance of the Acts of Congress of
May 8 and June 30,1914. Extension work
is a cooperative program of Oregon State
University, the U.S. Department of Agri
culture, and Oregon counties. Oregon
State University Extension Service offers
educational programs, activities, and ma
terials without discrimination based on
age, color, disability, gender identity or
expression, marital status, national ori
gin, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation,
or veteran’s status. Oregon State Univer
sity Extension Service is an Equal Oppor
tunity Employer. Published July 1983.
Revised
January
2011.
*
1
1
A
den produce is small, but it’s
there,” she said. Foodborne ill
ness outbreaks have been linked
with many foods, including raw
fruits and vegetables and unpas
teurized apple cider. What does
this mean for gardeners?
Use particular care if and
when you use animal manure in
the garden. To avoid potential
food safety risks, Angima and
Raab recommend the following:
Use recommended food
preparation techniques with gar
den produce. Always wash pro
duce in clean water before eat
ing it. Use a vegetable brush to
remove visible soil. Peeling may
also help reduce risk.
Keep fruits and vegetables
and other raw food separated
from cooked food. Wash your
hands thoroughly with soap af
ter handling raw foods, as well
as before preparing food and
eating it. Always wash hands
after using the toilet and after
changing diapers.
People who are more prone
to foodborne illness include
young children, pregnant women,
older adults and those with can
cer, AIDS and other immune-
compromising diseases. “If a fam
ily member is at risk, serve cooked
or canned vegetables and fruits
for an extra margin of safety,”
Raab said. “Heating kills bacteria
and parasites.”
3
As our students return to school, we think about all the
things that they will need to get a great head start on the
new school year.
We make sure that they have school supplies, clothing,
lunch boxes and many other things to get going. Another
important item to make the list is a healthy breakfast.
Any breakfast is better than no breakfast at all. But many
breakfast foods are high in calories, sugar and fat. They
also don’t contain the vitamins a growing body and brain
needs. Some kids skip breakfast because they sleep too late
or because they think it’s a way to stay thin. The opposite is
true. Someone who skips breakfast tends to eat more calo
ries throughout the day. If you find yourself skipping break
fast because you’re too rushed, try these quick breakfasts.
They’re easy to grab on the way out the door or can be
prepared the night before:
Breakfast Ideas for busy families
• eggs
• French toast, waffles, or pancakes (try wheat or whole-
grain varieties)
• cold cereal and milk
• hot cereal, such as oatmeal or cream of wheat (try
some dried fruit or nuts on top)
• whole-grain toast, bagel, or English muffin with cheese
• yogurt with fruit or nuts
• fruit smoothie,
• cottage cheese (try fruit and nuts with a little jam)
• sliced fruit and cream cheese sandwich
• any kind of sandwich — grilled cheese, peanut butter
and jelly
• Leftovers
• single servings of whole-grain, low-sugar cereal
• whole-grain muffin
• trail mix of nuts, dried fruits, pretzels, crackers, and
dry cereal
Kids who eat breakfast do better in school, are more
likely to participate in physical activities, and tend to eat
healthier overall. So tomorrow morning, don’t run out the
door on an empty stomach. Fuel up with a healthy brain!
Breakfast Huckleberry Smoothie
• 1 V 2 cups huckleberries
• V 2 banana
• 3/2 cup pineapple or orange juice
• 2 tablespoon honey
• 3 cups milk 5 ice cubes
Add all ingredients in blender and blend
for 1 minute until smooth
Cow Camp Chatter
Agriculture and Natural Resources
L
Septem bei- 21, 2011
Spilyay Tyrnoo, Warm Springs, Oregon
The Value of a Cow
In the vegetable garden, use
of compost rather than manure
is preferred. However, if you
use any kind of manure, ensure
that the edible portion of the
crop does not touch the soil. Use
straw or mulch to separate the
crop from the soil.
“If you do choose to apply
fresh or partially composted ma
nure to the vegetable garden, ap
ply it to a crop with a low patho
gen-contamination risk, such as
sweet corn,” Angima said. Plant
crops whose edible parts contact
the soil such as carrots, potatoes,
lettuce and melons in a section
of the garden where manure is
not applied.
“Backyard composting can be
an effective way to kill patho
gens in manure,” Angima said.
“But the composting process
must be carefully managed. To
be certain of pathogen kill, the
pile must reach temperatures
greater than 130 degrees. The
pile must be turned often to en
sure that the cooler material on
the edges of the pile gets into
the hotter center of the pile.
“You’ll need about five turns
during the hot composting phase
to assure pathogen kill,” he said.
“After each turn, temperatures
greater than 130 degrees for
three days are needed to kill hu
man pathogens.
(Sources: Carolyn Raab, and Sam Angima.)
)
By Ron Torell, Tong-Standing
Educator and A.dvocate
o f A-griculture
Eight hundred dollar calves,
eleven hundred dollar yearlings,
one thousand dollar market
ready (cull) cows, two thousand
dollar aged bulls. Pair these ex
ceptional prices with the small
est U.S. brood cow factory since
the 1950’s and many of us are
considering expanding our cow
herds.
The unrestrained production
costs that accompany today’s ex
cellent market, along with the
price of retaining and develop
ing replacement heifers, and the
difficulties of finding and pur
chasing quality bred cows at an
affordable price, are all major
concerns. When buying cows,
don’t let the current optimistic
market set the purchase price
for your investment or you may
get caught up in the buy high, sell
low trap. Consider all the long
term variables that contribute
to what you can afford to pay
for a cow.
First and foremost when de
termining the value of a cow,
compare her gross lifetime in
come potential against her ac
cumulated expenses. Gross rev
enue for the brood cow is es
tablished by present and future
calf values combined with cow
salvage or market ready (cull)
value. Disposal value is a one
time income as opposed to calf
sales which are yearly. Accu
rately estimating the salvage
value of a cow along with ac
cumulated calf sales eight to ten
years out is difficult but neces
sary. It is important to include
both in the up-front purchase
price of a brood cow. Follow
ing this strategy will naturally
place more value on a young
cow purchase versus that of an
older cow.
In estimating the accumu
lated expenses of a cow, include
opportunity costs on the value
of land, equipment and cattle.
Take in to account labor, depre
ciation, taxes, overhead, and in
cidental costs such as extras for
day help. Don’t underestimate
these expenses. Total annual cow
costs vary extensively from
ranch to ranch.
With winter feed being the
leading cost associated with
m ost cow /calf operations,
make sure and value hay as a
purchase on the open market
rather than simply an out-of-
pocket production and har
vest cost. Knowing winter
feed costs allows producers to
evaluate a fall purchase of
bred cows versus a spring pur
chase of pairs.
When considering the nu
merous long-term variables that
influence the value of a cow,
keep in mind the cow that ge
netically fits your ranch and
management protocol is obvi
ously worth more to you than
to someone with completely dif
ferent resources. As an example,
frame size and milking ability
largely dictate the nutritional re
quirements of a cow. Buy the
cow that matches your ranch’s
resources.
Another important variable
to consider is the body condi
tion of the cow at the time of
purchase. A moderately fleshed
cow versus a thin cow is worth
more than just the added weight,
provided the added weight is not
there because she is a poor pro
ducer, bad mother, or performs
inadequately reproductively. Fat
reserves play a huge role in the
future productivity of a cow
with increased weaning percent
and weight, faster return con
ception, boosted immune re
sponse to vaccines, and the abil
ity to handle stress better.
When purchasing brood
cows, cattlemen often overlook
the bio-security issues associated
with introducing reproductive
and/or viral diseases to their
existing herd. It is crucial to buy
from reputable sources where
the vaccination, management,
and health history of the cattle
is well-known.
Purchasing a neighbor’s catde
which are already acclimated to
the area and require no sales
commission or transportation
costs may fit this profile.
I
J