Warm Springs, Oregon
December 14,2000 9
Arlenc Boilcau
4-H& Youth
Bob Pavvclck
Livestock
(mniiiiiiiniiii
Clint Jacks
Staff Chair, Madras
service
(540 553-3238
Bcrnadcttc Handley
Home Economics
Zack delNcro
Natural Resources
Minnie RcdDog
4-H Assistant
The Oregon Stale University Extension Service staff is devoted to extending research-based information from OSU to the
people of Warm Springs in agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and
extension sea grant program with OSU, United States Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated
Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The extension service offers Its programs and materials equally to all people.
Internet address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext
The Clover Speaks
Spilyay Tymoo
By
Arlene Boileau, 4-H Agent and
Minnie Tulalakus, 4-H Program
Assistant
The holidays are here and please
take care of YOUI
The Good, Bad and Ugly Forms of
Stress
Some people consider any form of
stress negative, while others thrive on
"pressure". Since pressure to some is
stress to others the key is our ability to
understand that stressful situation can be
positive opportunities.
Good Stress. So-called "good
stress" doesn't refer to a particular situ
ation or event but how an individual re
acts to it. (Getting a new job and being
assigned a particularly challenging
project are examples of good stress.) If
you experience good stress you tend to
feel "Sharply Focused, Energized, Mo
tivated, Aware of your options, Chal
lengedas if the situation is not a threat
but and opportunity.
Bad Stress. Bad Stress is often the
incident or individual who produces the
"last straw"in an already difficult day.
(A flat tire that makes you late for an
important meeting is a good example, or
when your boss walks in at 4 p.m. on
Friday with a project that is due Mon
day Morning.) With bad stress you tend
to feel: Tense, Anxious, Angry or De
pressed, Like withdrawing or lashing out
Frustrated -as if the situation is at least
an imposition or worse, a major threat.
Ugly Stress. This is chronic, perva
sive and often subtle form of bad stress.
It is not when you get a flat tire. It is
when you feel taken advantage of over
an extended period of time, uncertain
about your future, or suffer financial dif
ficulties. This ugly stress can be the most
debilitating and causes A lack of Energy,
Chronic Depression, Health Problems,
and Low self-esteem.
The difference in how you react to
these three forms of stress depends on
how you perceive yourself and the situ
ation. . ,
. Stress, Burnout and Pressure: .What's
the difference? Stress, Burnout and Pres
sure. Three ways of describing various
forms of tension, anxiety and a lot of
sleepless nights. What's the difference
in these three words? Is there a differ
ence? Probably not if you compare the
symptoms or negative feelings that can
accompany all three. If there is a differ
ence, it is primarily one of perception.
Stress is perceived as: Weakness or vul
As the holiday season winds down
(or up), it offers us a time to reflect on
our choices, on our lifestyles and on our
actions. Every where you look, advertis
ing is guiding us to buyleaserent the
biggest, the best or the boldest. IS that
what the holiday season is about? Is that
what LIFE is about?
This holiday season, how about
achieving balance in your life? How
about giving the gift of living simply to
yourself and those around you. Focus
your journey, your path on the "simple"
route. Let go of nonessentials so that you
can joyfully embrace what is most im
portant to you. What BETTER time to
determine what is most important than
NOW during the holiday season that is
based on "love and the spirit of giving"?
The Universal Shopping List was
created from Dr. Cecile Andrew's book
In the Circle of Simplicity. When you are
shopping for an item, before you buy,
ask yourself:
-Do I really need this? Is there any
thing else that I can use instead?
-Will this item bring enjoyment and
beauty into my life? Will it benefit oth
ers? -Will this item help me to engage in
life more fully?
-Is it overpackaged? How long will
it last?
-If it breaks, can it be fixed? How
will I dispose of it?
-What is its environmental cost? Is
it made of recyclable material?
-Could I borrow, rent or buy it used?
-Is it worth the time I worked to pay
for it?
When you are shopping, pay particu
lar attention the to the "time eaters"
Modern technology w ith all its benefits
can dominate your life. Email, cell
phones, pagers, video games require
time, money and energy. Is it all worth
it? Do vou reallv need a satellite dish that
nerability. The inability to handle pres
sure. Burnout is perceived as: Mental or
physical exhaustion from working too
hard. Pressure is perceived as: Being
overwhelmed by multiple or conflicting
responsibilities. There are three basic
ways we can respond to stress: Resist,
llljifli
Avoid, Confront Adapt. Taken from The
Stress Management Handbook. National
Press Publication A division of
Rockhurst Continuing Education Center,
INC. So take Care of You.
If you would like to be a 4-H leader
and not sure what kind of clubs there are
here is a list:
Communications and Expressive
Arts; Public speaking, creative Writing,
Clowning, Dance, Drams, Music, Art
Painting, Decorative Painting Sculpting,
Wood Carving, Ceramics, Cake Decorat
ing, Rubber Stamping, Photography
Graphic Arts, Leather craft, Fiber Arts
(quilting, Embroidery, Cross Stitch):
Consumer and Family Sciences;
Child CareDevelopment, Baby sitting,
Clothing and Textiles, Home Environ
ment, Parenting and Family life, Knit
ting, Crocheting, Environmental Stew
ardship, Water QualityWatershed Edu
cation, Angler Education, Geology,
Weather, Marine Science, Energy, for
estry, Range scienceNative Plants,
Wildlife, Outdoor EducationRecreation,
AdventureChallenge, shooting Sports,
Archery, Fire, Arms:
Nutrition and Health; Foods and Nu- j(
trition, Food Preservation, Health,1'
Safety, Tractor and Machinery Certifi
cation, Search and Rescue, Bicycle
Safety, Auto Safety, and traditional food
gathering:
Personal Development and Leader
ship; Economics, Business and Market
ing, Leadership Development, Junior
Leadership, Team Leadership, 4-H Am
bassador, Camp Counselor Leisure edu
Home Sweet Home
By Bernadette Handley,
Family & Community Development Agent
will give you a choice of over 200 chan
nels? At the end of your precious time
on this Earth, will you look back on thou
sand upon thousands of hours spent pas
sively watching TV as a truly wise use
of your time? Try limiting your TV
video watching to seven or fewer hours
a week. Based on the American televi
sion habits, you'll gain at least 700 hours
of free time each year.
Simplifying can be done at home by
clearing away the clutter. How much
clutter is there in your closet, storage
shed, back porch, or garage? Isn't it
amazing how much we can accumulate?
Start small and work on one area at a
time - a drawer, a shelf or a closet and
reduce the clutter. If you haven't used
something for a year and it has no senti
mental value, is it really that necessary?
Could someone else use it? "Have noth
ing in your home that you do not know
to be useful and believe to be beautiful"
- William Morris.
Now that the physical clutter is re
duced, how about the emotional clutter?
Old hurts and resentments that we are un
willing to let go of can get in the way of
a healthy life. Release the negative feel
ings and move ahead. Us the power of
prayer or meditation or seek counsel
from an elder to guide you.
Surround yourself with beauty and
pay more attention to what is around you
everyday. Central Oregon is one of the
most beautiful regions in this country.
Have you taken a moment on your way
home from work to catch a glimpse of
snow-capped Mt. Jefferson? Or on the
long drive to Portland to reflect on the
splendor of Mt. Hood? Or to listen to the
sounds of the water as it cascades over
rocks on the DesChutes?
Take time to smell the roses (or sage
or juniper) along the way. Enjoy the spe
crarmfcmfn'ts as they happen. Live in the
moment and express gratitude for all that
cation, Hobbies and collections:
Plants and Animals; Crops, Garden
ing, Fruits and Vegetables, Flower Gar
dening, House Plants, Ornamental Hor
ticulture, Beef Poultry, Pigeons, Dairy
Cattle, Horse and Pony, Rabbits, Calves,
Dogs Guide Dogs, Cats, small Animals,
sheep, swine, Goats:
Science and Technology; entomol
ogy, Bee Keeping, Veterinary Science,
Aerospace, Rocketry, Computer, Elec
tricityElectronics, Wood science, Trac
tors and Equipment, small Engines:
Adventures K-i; 4-H Adventures,
Talking with T.J., and School Age Child
Care. There is many clubs to choose from,
with information available to assist and
guide any new or returning 4-H leaders.
If there are other interest in other topics
and your not sure about how to get in
formation come on over to the office and
inquire.
Some WinterTime Fun: Ice Cream
in a Can, We make this at the Warm
Springs 4-H Culture Camp. First these
are the things you will need to get started
1. Three-pound coffee can and a 1.1
pound coffee can. 1 .big roll of masking
tape l.bag of crushed ice l.bag of rock
salt. Have bowls and spoons ready. And
napkins of course. NOW Get the ingre
dients together. Before you start wash
your hands with warm water and soap,
thank you. Put all of the following in
gredients in the small coffee can. ICup
of whipping cream 1 Cup of milk: 12
cup of sugar For flavoring you can add
34 teaspoon of vanilla or 1 cup of fro
zen strawberries or 2 bananas or V cup
of chocolate syrup Mix really well.
Place the lid on the small coffee can and
tape the lid shut with the masking tape.
(Be sure the tape is around the lid and
the coffee can, the tape must be placed
around the small coffee can more then
once, and across the, top) Put the little
coffee can in the big coffee can and pack
the crushed ice between the two cans.
Second: Pour V cup of rock salt over
the ice in the 3-lb coffee can. Put the lid
on the coffee can and tape it shut real
well, once more the tape must be placed
around, and apufid' th can, Nqw for the. ,
fun part, put the can on the floor and start
Rolling the coffee can back and forth
between all of you about 30 minutes, it
has to be 30 minutes or it won't be Ice
Cream now for the best part of all. Open
the can very carefully (remove the tape)
NOW serve the ice cream in the bowls
best of all enjoy.
'AT
you have. Happy and Simple Holidays
to you!
Stockman's Roundup:
Deer and cows: Their grazing habits
st5 4
By Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Providing a pragmatic system to ef
ficiently utilize rangelands requires
some insight into the animal's own point
of view. Once ranchers and managers
understand the common behaviors of
ruminants, they can better deal with
range management.
The ruminant animal has the capa
bility of converting plant fiber (cellu
lose) to energy for body maintenance and
growth. However, all animals do not
utilize fiber w ith the same efficiency and
use different tactics to obtain nutrients
from a forage resource. First, all rumi
nants have basically the same needs and
all employ the same basic approach to
harvesting food from the landscape.
All animals have three basic
needs, In order of importance:
Water
Thermal regulation (keeping
Natural Resources Notables
Signs of the times
Lately, the news has been
pretty well dominated by the
presidential election contro
versy in Florida. It has over
shadowed a lot of significant
events in the world, drawing
attention away from some
pretty alarming trends. For
one, did you know that Iraq
nttfmntpH to nut a $.50 ner
barrel charge on its oil? The
UN sanctions against Iraq are
very clear on the export of oil -Iraq
can only use that money
to buy food & medicine for its
people. Saddam Hussein tried
to put the "surcharge" on his
nation's oil so that he could
start generating some extra
income again for his "pet .
projects." Iraq, in protest to
the UN, cut its oil exports for
a while. Iraq supplies 5 of
the world's crude oil supply -not
a super big deal, but
enough to drive prices up on
the London stock exchange.
Crude oil prices on the US
exchange actually fell, follow- ,
ing promises by the other oil
producing countries to make
up for Iraq's cut.
Big deal? Who cares? So
what? We are so dependent
upon oil that it is one of our
nation's top national security
problems. We are looking at
r-wm
O0U xtenAi&ti 0ewice6
warm)
Food
Ruminants also need:
Time
Why time? Rumination is the
mechanism by which cattle; sheep and
deer process their food after harvesting
it. Time is required for this process to
occur, and to allow room in the rumen
for the next meal. At some point in the
grazing process, nightfall arrives and
this limits grazing to localized areas.
Ruminants have evolved as prey, and
have organized social behaviors to
strengthen their chances for survival.
Therefore, nighttime grazing is restricted
due to this social behavior. Animals
have a need for complete rest, however
cattle seldom sleep for longer than 30
minutes at a time, with rest occurring
along with rumination.
Animals will select sites that will do
their physiological needs the most good
in the shortest amount of time. Research
has been done on intake rates attained
by animals, and is categorized by the
amount of food that can be ingested per
minute of grazing. This process is
called, "profitability."
Whenever you drive past a herd of
cattle, nine times out of ten you will see
them all facing one direction. This is be
cause their grazing pattern is directional.
Animals w ill move in one general direc
tion and alter their course only when
they encounter plant communities of dif
fering profitability.
Cattle travel less from Water and will"
not traverse rough or steep terrain as well
more and more problems as
we are constantly entangled in
the problems of the Middle
East and other oil-producing
regions all to maintain our
oil supply. We must pressure
our leadership to find alterna
tive sources of clean energy,
and we must become more
responsible ourselves in the
use of fossil fuels.
The U.S. accounts for 4
of the world's population, yet
produces nearly 25 of the
world's total greenhouse gas
emissions. In its December
200 publication The Sierran,
the Sierra Club states: "
According to the Union of
Concerned Scientists, the 1
planetary enemy in the typical
family is the four-wheeled
thing with a horn parked in
the driveway. Household
transportation is responsible
for a whopping 28-51 of
.greenhouse gases and air
pollution and 23 of toxic
water pollution. Noting else
that individuals do causes as
much environmental damage
as driving..."
According to the Surfrider
Foundation, a non-profit
group out of Southern Califor
nia, sea levels are rising and
threatening Pacific islands
and coastlines worldwide, and
increased sea-surface tem
peratures are contributing to
massive die-offs in the Coral
reefs of the Indian Ocean and
elsewhere - all due to global
warming. If you have access
to a computer and the
internet, you can read more at
www.planetark and lotso f
links and information off the
Oregon State University
homepage too.
as sheep or goats. However, none of
these herbivores, whether they are cattle,
' mule deer, elk or goats, prefer the same
forage resource. Therefore, stocking
rate should also reflect proper balance
of animal numbers and the supply of
their preferred food groups.
Goats and deer both have small body
sizes in relation to cattle and elk, lower
dry matter requirements, and their pre
hensile lips and agility allows them to
ravel more in a landscape in search of
high quality food items.
You may notice the fact that I choose
not to compare sheep with the other ru
minants. Sheep are just strange critters.
First of all, the moment they are born,
they are looking for a reason to die.
Secondly, their eating habits simply do
not match up with what I am trying to
present here. Their rumen volume is
similar to cattle (for their size) but nu
trient requirements are higher. Sheep
tend to eat a lot of grass but will select
high quality forbs at other times, but not
simply because grass dries up. I've seen
sheep turn up their noses at good young
grass and head straight for skunk cab
bage. Landscapes having complex vegeta
tion types offer the manager an oppor
tunity to stock mixed animal populations
and increase total animal production.
Hatfield's High Desert Ranch uses goats
to control young juniper. In the Mes
quite - Blackbrush rangeland of South
Texas, ranchers have increased their
.stktfns by 25 through the addition of
goats and setting aside sections of range
land to be used as hunting leases.