Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
June 1, 2000 11
OMOnilTAIlUMWKTV
extension
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Internet Address: httptfwww.orst.edudeptwsext
The Oregon State University Extension Service staff is devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers its programs
and materials equally to all people.
The Clover speaks
by Arlene Boileau 4-H Agent &
Minnie RedDog 4-H Program
Assistant
I would like to take this time to
thank some folks who have helped
the Warm Springs 4-H Program and
the Honor Senior Day Committee.
First I would like to Thank " Ed
Manion " and "Mickey Boileau" who
Volunteered to repair the storage
shed for the 4-H Camping equip
ment, a lot of hard work and time
went into this project, this is really
appreciated. Thank You, Ed and
Mickey you did a great job, the
storage shed looks ereat.
Secondly, I would like to thank
the following wonderful folks, Ellen
Thompson who works at the Warm
Springs Market, the staff from Fire
and Safety Department, DMJ Auto
motive, Deschutes Crossing Restau
rant, Jason and Snuffy Smith, and
Eveline Patt and Lucinda Green and
her Chiclets, to Lucinda " thank you
" for all your help. All these Won
A well balanced diet is just one of the
factors that can reduce your risk of bone
disease. Dairy products provide calcium
and vitamin D along with additional
nutrients that can improve the health of
your bones. Are You at Risk for Bone
Disease? The following quiz from the
National Dairy Board explains how bone
disease develops and what you can do to
prevent it.
How old are you? If you are between
20 and 40, then you've reached your full,
adult height. By age 20, your bones are
about as long and wide as they will ever
be. However, you can still make them
stronger. Think of your bones as hollow
tubes. Between the ages of 20 and 40,
you can continue to fill up those "hollow
tubes" with calcium to make them
denser. The denser and stronger you can
make your bones now, the lower your
risk or developing osteoporosis will be
in the future.
If you are over 40, your bones are
starting to become thinner. This is just a
normal part of again. Your bones be
come thinner because they are losing
calcium faster than they gain it. But you
can slow down the rate at which your
bones lose calcium. Eating calcium-rich
foods is one of the best ways to keep
your bones strong and healthy.
Do any of your relatives have
osteoporosis? If you inherited a small,
thin skeleton, then you can have a greater
chance of developing osteoporosis. Be
cause your bones are already thin, you
cannot afford to lose too much calcium.
Even a normal loss of calcium could lead
to osteoporosis.
Are you female? Osteoporosis is eight
times more common in women then in
men. Women generally have thinner and
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: External parasites-
aT 4
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
External Parasites
Horn flies reproduce in fresh cattle
manure from early spring to late fall.
Horn fly populations usually peak
in late spring and again in late
summer or early fall. Hot, dry con
ditions may naturally reduce horn
fly numbers during mid-summer.
Arlene Boileau BobPawelek Clint Jacks Deanie Johnson
4-H & Youth Livestock Staff Chair, Madras Secretary
Bernadette Handley Zack del Nero Minnie RedDog
Hnme Fronomics Natural Resources 4-H Assistant
derful Folks helped finance a
Pendleton Blanket that was pre
sented to Carol Allison at the Honor
Senior Day Festivities at the Warm
Springs Agency Longhouse.
I would like to say a big thanks to
all these generous people, at a time
when a lot of us do not have a lot of
money to be handing out on such
sort notice
But these folks did, Thank You so
much. We wanted to give Carol a gift
for all her hard work on the "Lit Miss
Warm Springs Pageant". This is an
idea Carol had some 18 years ago,
she has been improving it ever since.
We wanted her to know that we
recognize all her hard work, we ap
preciate her and what she has ac
complished for the youth of Warm
Springs by seeking help from the
parents to teach our culture and tra
ditions to the youth, Thank You Carol
and Congratulation. Also I need to
let all of you know this
"Thank You Idea" comes from one
of our Elders Gladys Thompson, who
asked, who started this "Lil Miss
Warm Springs"? We answered by
saying Carol Allison from the Com
munity Center. Her reply was how
long has she been doing this? We
told her 18 years; her reply was has
any one thanked her.
I would like to say, I am so thank
ful to live in this community, in a
matter of hours I was able to raise
enough money to purchase the
Pendleton Blanket. To everyone who
donated money you are so gracious
and kind and you did not even gave
me too bad of a time, Thank You so
very much.
Now lil' cooks another recipe,
HOME SWEET HOME
By Bernadette Handley, Family &
Community Development Agent
less dense bones than men. Women tend
to liveloriger than men. Because
osteoporosis is linked to the aging pro
cess, this puts women at greater risk.
Pregnant and breast-feeding women
who don't consume enough calcium-rich
foods lose calcium from their bones to
supply the needs to the developing ba
bies. Women are also less likely than men
to eat enough of the calcium -rich foods
they need to build and keep their bones
strong. This is partly because women
usually eat less than men do. But it is
also because women are more likely to
be on weight loss diets. Many of these
diets eliminate the calcium-rich foods
that women, in particular, need most.
Have you gone through menopause?
After menopause, women lose calcium
from their bones more quickly than be
fore. This is because the lower level of
estrogen (a female hormone) in their
bodies tends to increase the breakdown
of bone tissue.
Do you get enough calcium in your
diet? 800 milligrams of calcium are rec
ommended each day. For normal,
healthy adults, two glasses of calcium
plus the other foods you eat in a day,
supply roughly 800 milligrams of cal
cium. Milk and milk products (cheese,
yogurt, ice cream) are some of the best
sources of calcium.
Do you eat a nutritionally adequate
diet? Calcium does not work alone in
your body. Your body needs other nutri
ents to help absorb calcium That's why
you should eat a wide variety of foods in
moderation from each of the rood groups.
Do you exercise regularly? Tne
pushing and pulling on the bones that
go along with weight-bearing exercise
Thousands of flies may infest a single
animal, causing extreme nervousness
and energy loss. Horn flies suck
blood, irritate and annoy, reduce
weight gains, and cause weight
losses. The annoyance and irritation
interfere with cattle's feeding and
resting.
Treatment is economically justi
fied when horn fly populations reach
250 per head. To control them satis
factorily throughout the season, use
self-treatment insecticides or rou
tinely apply spray, pour-on, spot-on
or dust chemicals.
Used properly, self-treatment de
vices are more effective than hand
application in controlling horn flies
and lice. Such devices include oil
back rubbers, dust bags and tubes,
liquid wicks and impregnated ear
tags. Insecticide impregnated ear
tags control horn flies well for 2 to 5
months if they are properly attached
to the ear and if pyrethroid resistance
is not a factor. Currently labeled ear
tags contain a pyrethroid, an or
ganophosphate or a pyrethroid or
ganophosphate synergist mixture. It
J
make sure you have big brother or
big sister there to watch over you in
the kitchen and remember to wash
your hands. Party Punch:
1. Concentrated frozen orange
juice thawed 6 oz. Concentrated
frozen lemonade thawed 6 oz.
Pineapple juice 2 cups.
2. Ginger ale 4 cups
3. Ice Cubes, 2-3 cups. This is what
you will need to make the punch in:
a large 2 quart pitcher or a small
punch bowl, measuring cups, a
long-handled mixing spoon and
regular glasses or punch cups, (a)
Empty the concentrated orange juice
and the concentrated lemonade into
the pitcher. Pour in the pineapple
juice. Stir until mixed well. Place the
punch in the refrigerator to keep cold
until you are ready to use it. (b) Add
the ginger ale to the pitcher. Stir
lightly. If using a punchbowl, empty
the juices from the pitcher into the
bowl. Add the ginger ale. Stir lightly
just to mix. (c) Put 2 or 3 ice cubes in
each glass or punch cup. Fill with
punch. Garnish with a slice of orange
makes about 712 cups. Make some
pop corn and watch a good movie.
Now is the time to sign up for the
High Desert 4-H Camp at Round
Lake. The deadline was May 15th but
if you hurrvyou can still make it,, so
you can have a fun filled week before
you start Summer Academy at Warm
Springs Elementary.
The sign up time for The Warm
Springs 4-H Culture Enrichment
Camp at Peters Pasture will start on
June 1" and the deadline is July 31,
2000. So pick up your forms at the
OSU Extension Office in the Educa
tion Building
(such as walking or running) lead to
denser, stronger bones? " "
Do you smoke? Besides heart disease
and lung cancer smokers are also at
greater risk for developing osteoporosis.
Are you going through a period of
stress? During times of tension, grief,
anxiety and illness your body absorbs
less calcium from the foods you eat.
Increasing the number of servings from
the dairy food group is important dur
ing these times of stress to keep your
bones strong.
Are you taking medications such as
cortisone, antacids, or laxatives? Some
medications can interfere with your
body's ability to absorb calcium Ask
you doctor if any of the medications you
use will affect your bone health.
Here's what you CANT do!
You can NOT change your hered
ity, your race, your sex or your age.
You can NOT change the way your
body functions.
Here's what you CAN do!
You can eat a calcium-rich diet.
You can add regular physical activ
ity to your life.
You can stop smoking.
You can take steps to relieve the
stress and tension in you life.
You can ask your doctor what ef
fects your medication may have on your
bone health.
You can, if you're a postmenopausal
women, ask your doctor about estrogen
therapy.
is also recommended to wait until
fly numbers reach about 200 per head
to apply ear tags and to use a body
spray or pour on when the tags are
being applied.
Pyrethroid ear tags (permethrin,
fenvalerate) have induced wide
spread horn fly resistance. Vary the
types of ear tag insecticides rather
than using the same kind year after
year. Remove tags as soon as possible
once they have lost their effective
ness in killing horn flies. Tags used 4
to 5 months emit too little insecticide
to control fly populations ad
equately. Tags emitting reduced
doses seem to add to the resistance
problem by prolonging fly exposure,
thus making the surviving popula
tion more resistant to the insecticide.
lice are winter active parasites
and treatment and control is not
necessary during the spring and
summer grazing seasons.
The label on most brands of tags
recommend using two tags per ani
mal, placing tags on animals only
after the fly population appears in
the spring and removing the tags
Natural Resource
Environmental Benefits of Weed
Management
Exotic Plant Impacts on Species
Diversity and Native Plant Habitat
The introduction and spread of
non-nativeplants threaten biological
diversity or native plants communi
ties ana can alter ecosystem pro
cesses such as intensity and fre
quency of fire, hydrologic cycles, and
soil erosion rates
'Invasion of cheatgrass in the West
has increased the frequency of fires
from once every 60 to 110 years to
once every 3 to 5 years. This has
changed plant diversity by reducing
native shrub communities.
"Native species have been dis-
E laced by invasions of spotted
napweed and leafy spurge. As weed
infestations increase, the abundance
and diversity of native species de
cline. Native plant communities in all
lands are threatened by weed inva
sion. Altamont Prairie Preserve in
South Dakota is no longer managed
as native prairie by the Nature
Conservancy because of invasion by
leafy spurge. The site is now used to
study the effectiveness of grazing
animals (goats and sheep) for con
trolling leafy spurge.
Wetland vegetation is endan
gered by purple loosestrife invasion.
The displacement of native vegeta
tion by this weed has caused serious
reductions in waterfowl and aquatic
furbearer productivity as breeding
habitats are degraded.
The status of rare and threatened
plants such as bulrush, dwarf
spikerush, bog turtle, Sacramento
thistle, sapphire rockcress, and
Colorado butterfly plant are further
imperiled by weed invasions.
Noxious Wed Impacts on Wildlife
Habitat Quality
The introduction of exotic plants
impacts wildlife by reducing forage,
modifying habitat, or changing how
a species interacts within its envi
Ihe CSU Bdoeoskn staff wish ojerycre a hagy
and safe suimar vacation,
333 yju next school year! !
OSU to host continuing education courses
Oregon State University, Distance
and Continuing Education will host
three information sessions in May
and June for prospective students
interested in taking courses or com
pleting degrees in Central Oregon.
The program will include an over
view of the four degree programs
and four minors available to resi
dents of Central Oregon. More than
100 courses are offered each term on'
the Web, via video, independent
study and on-site at various Central
Oregon locations.
Information sessions will be
5:30-6:30 p.m. at Madras on Monday,
Free lecture series
You're Invited OSU First Mondays
Lecture series
"What About The Arts?"
Free lecture: Monday, June 5, 2000
at 7-8 p.m.
presenters: Michael Gesme, Mu
sic Director, Central Oregon Sym
phony and Cate O'Hagan, Executive
Director, Central Oregon Arts Asso
ciation. after their useful life of 120 days.
The label also requires tag rotation
from an organophosphate one year
to a pyrethroid the next. This mini
mizes the resistance build up by the
fly population. Fly populations turn
over very rapidly accelerating the
resistance build up.
Maximum protection throughout
the fly season and minimum resis
tance build up would result by
flacing the tags on animals in early
une when flys first appear and re
moving 120 days latter around the
first of October. Consider using other
forms of fly control if you cannot
follow these labeled directions.
Other methods of fly control in
clude dust bags, oilers, pour-ons,
feed-throughs, sprays, fly traps, or a
combination of these methods. All
these methods work however they
all take management and they all
require that vou read and FOLLOW
LABELED DIRECTIONS. Do not
forget to coordinate your fly control
program with your neighbor. Flies
do not stop at the fence line.
Notables-
ronment.
Buffalo and deer use of habitat
infested with leafy spurge was 82
and 70 lower than for non-infested
habitat. This causes animals to use
non-infested areas more heavily,
increasing stress on these sites and
increasing their susceptibility to in
vasion by non-native species.
The use of herbicides to remove
spotted knapweed from an elk win
ter range in Montana changed elk
distribution patterns resulting in a
266 increase in elk use. This change
in elk distribution reduced grazing
pressure on adjoining private lands.
Spotted knapweed invasion of
bunchgrass sites in western Montana
reduces available winter forage for
elk as much as 50-90. Since a highly
productive foothills site in western
Montana can produce an average of
1800 lbs. per acre, forage (grass) loss
from spotted knapweed can be as
high as 1620 pounds per acre.
Purple loosestrife invasion of
wetland sites degrades habitat for
aquatic furbearing animals and wa
terfowl species. Degradation to these
habitats from exotic species is a
special concern because of the addi
tional loss of wetland from urban,
agricultural, and industrial uses.
Displacement of native vegeta
tion by exotic species significantly
changes bird species composition
and small mammal populations.
June 5th at the OSU-Jefferson County
Extension Office 34 SE D Street.
No reservations are required.
Degree completion programs are
available in Liberal Studies, Natural
Resources, General Agriculture and
Environmental Science. Minors may
be earned in Communication, Com
puter Science, Environmental Sci
ence and Natural Resources.
Professional Certificate Programs
in Supervisory and Organizational
Leadership are also offered.
For more information call OSU
Central Oregon (541) 312-8361 or
visit http: statewide.orst.eduinfo.
to begin June 5
Cate O'Hagan and Michael Gesme
join forces to discuss the state of the
arts in Central Oregon. During this
interactive discussion, Gesme and
O'Hagan will tackle some of the lo
cal issues and opportunities facing
the arts in this region. Gesme will
speak about some of the proposals
for a performing arts center, and
O'Hagan will report on the progress
of COAA's new art school, The Art
Station.
On view will be an exhibit titled
"Riverfest", on loan from COAA's
Mirror Pond Gallery. The exhibit was
organized to coincide with the recent
Riverfest May Event, celebrating the
Deschutes River.
Lecture and Exhibit held at OSU
Central Oregon; 20365 Empire Av
enue (corner of N. Hwy. 97 & Em
pire); Bend, OR 97701; Hours: 8 a.m.
to 5 p.m., Monday to Friday.
Pre-registration is suggested. Space
is limited. To register and for more
information call 312-8361.
Satellite Event
OSU Ext. hosts a series of
educational satellites developed
by the U.b. Dept. ot Education.
Learning Everywhere
-June 20
Proeram will be offered-!
floor classroom-Education Bldg
5- 6 PM.
Contact OSU Ext. 553-3238
if interested Limit: 10.
I Watery Land