Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
April 20 2000 11
Arlene
4-H it
onaamiTui iMMir
service
(503) 553-3238 Home Economics
Internet Address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext
The Oregon State University Extension Service staff Is devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers Its programs
and materials equally to all people.
The Clover speaks
by Arlcne Boilcau 4-H Agent& Minnie
Red Dog 4-H Program Assistant
There are many activities coming
up during the summer, here are a
few you all can choose from. All
About 4-H Camp
4-H Camp at Round Lake (use to
be 4-H Camp at Crystal Springs)
dates are Monday, June 26lh to Fri
day, June 30lh , 2000. Cost is $95.00
Per camper.
4-H Culture Enrichment Camp At
Peter's Pasture, dates are:
First session, Sunday August 6lh
to Saturday August 12, 2000, for
grades 21"1 to 5,h grade, campers are
to arrive Sunday from 1 to 4 p.m.
and depart Saturday from 12 to 3
p.m. (please no early campers or
late campers on these two days).
Second session, Monday August
14,h to Sunday August 20, 2000, for
grades 6th to 9lh, campers are to ar
rive on Monday from 9 a.m. tol2
p.m. and depart Sunday after the
noon meal. Please, campers before
you leave the camp grounds re
member to check out with your camp
counselor.
Another great opportunity for
students in the 7lh to 9"1 graders is the
Oregon State University Summer
Days to be held on campus June 20lh
to 23rd, 2000. This conference will
be packed full of fun, educational
activities that 4-H members will not
want to miss. Students will have the
opportunity to choose from a
April 15lh has come and gone.
Hopefully, all your tax information
was handy and your forms were filed
on time. Time to breathe a sigh of
relief, but don't relax too much.
Now is the time to look at your
finances for THIS year and how to
manage your money. Paying family
bills can be overwhelming, sadden
ing, frustrating and time consum
ing. In faying Family Bills (EC
1422), Alice Mills Morrow, OSU
Extension family economics spe
cialist, offers advice on bill paying.
There are so many payment options
available now - cash, check, charge
or debit.
Paying with cash has its benefits
but you must make sure you always
get a receipt. The receipt is your
record of cost and is proof that you
paid for the item or service. If you
are paying for a bill with cash, the
person receiving the payment should
mark the bill paid and return it to
you. Keep this until you receive the
next statement showing that pay
ment was received. If you pay for
something in cash and you have no
bill, ask for a receipt. Never send
cash through the mail. You will have
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Consider early weaning-
m 7
M ' Mi' 1 1
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Consider early weaning
Time of weaning can be altered to
manipulate cow body condition to
maintain high reproductive rates and
reduce winter feed requirements.
Cows nursing their calves for a
longer or shorter period of time than
is traditional decrease or increase
their body condition.
Often when a cow is declining in
body condition the calf is not grow
ing at optimum.
Changing either the calving date
and (or) the weaning date will have
an influence on cow condition. Age
boileau BobPawelek Clint Jacks Deanie Johnson
Youth Livestock Staff Chair, Madras Secretary
Bcrnadette Handley
-
wide-variety of workshops that will
actively engage them with experts
from around OSU's campus. Lead-
ership & citizenship skills will be
emphasized throughout the week,
which will conclude with and OSU
Summer Days Quiz Bowl Competi
tion among members. Here are some
of the workshops being provided
"Fisheries & Wildlife", "Web Page
Development", "Veterinarian
Medicine", "Engineering", & For
estry just to name a few. The cost
for this conference is $160. If you
or you know someone interested in
taking a trip to the OSU campus
this summer, give the OSU exten
sion here in Warm Springs a call
for a registration packet.
Want to learn how to operate a
tractor? Well, give our office a call.
Tractor clinic is set for June 3rd &
HOME SWEET HOME
By Bernadette Handley, Family &
Community Development Agent
no proof that you sent it and the
money may be stolen. Send a check
or money order instead.' V
If you have a checking account,
you may pay many of your bills with
a check. The canceled check is proof
of payment. A check (share draft if
you belong to a credit union) is a
written order telling the bank, credit
union or savings and loan to pay an
exact sum of money to someone else.
A check is a safe and convenient
form of payment.
Postal or money orders are often
used if you don't have a checking
account. A bank issues personal
money orders and postal orders are
available at your local post office.
The amount is filled in when it is
issued. It is important to fill in the
blanks (name of the payee, the date
and the signature of the purchaser)
immediately. Until the blanks are
filled in the money order is just like
cash - anyone who has it can use it.
Keep your copy until you know the
money order has been received and
credited to your account.
Debit cards are one of the quick
est ways to make payments. It saves
you the time of writing a check and
of the calf at weaning is affected by
both the date of birth and the date of
weaning. Any change in time of
weaning must balance the potential
positive impacts on the cows with
potential negative impacts on the
calves or calf market weights.
Cow Body Condition
The condition of beef cows at
calving is associated with length of
postpartum interval (time following
calving). It also affects lactation
performance, health and vigor of
the newborn calf, and in extremely
fat or thin heifers the incidence of
calving difficulty. The condition of
cows at breeding influences the
number of services per conception,
calving interval, and the percentage
of open cows (Herd and Sprott,
1987).
For spring calving cows body
condition in the fall affects the
amount and type of winter feed
supplements that will be needed
(Momont et al.,1994). Cows in ad
equate body condition usually need
only small quantities of supple
ments, while thin cows usually need
large quantities of supplements high
in energy. Researchers in Minne
sota (Thompson et al., 1983) re
ported a 6-10 higher energy re
quirement for maintaining thin cows
(versus moderate to high body con
Zack del Nero Minnie RedDog
Natural Resources 4-H Assistant
4,h, 2000, at Hillsboro High school.
Students must be between the ages
of 14 &17. The training will include
14 hours of class time to earn a
certificate for operation of tractors
or farm machinery. The cost of the
clinic is $25 per participant. Partici
pants will be allowed to keep their
instructional booklets. Deadline for
signing up for the clinic is May 26,
2000. Space set for 30 participants
only so call if you are interested.
Okay lets make an after school
snack "Cheesy Nachos." Items
needed are oven, pot holders, cookie
pan (or cake pan will work), cheese
grater, & sharp knife to cut cheese.
Ingredients needed are: 4 cups
(one large bag) tortilla chips, 2 cups
of grated cheese, 1 cup of salsa.
1 ) Turn oven on to broil. 2) On the
pan, spread the chips evenly out over
pan. 3) Spread salsa over the chips.
4) Sprinkle grated .cheese over the
salsa. 5) Put the tray in oven, not to
close to top of oven so the Nachos
will not burn. Cooking time will
only be 5 minutes so make sure you
check Nachos when the cheese melts
and is a little bubbly, remove from
oven with pot holders. Let cool a
minute and then enjoy homemade
Cheese Nachos.
If there are any questions re
garding any of the summer activities
please give the OSU extension office
a call at 553-3238.
mailing it. Whether you are with
drawing money from an ATM (autq
mated teller machine) or paying ra
bill by debit, keep your transaction
record! Note the transaction on your
checkbook ledger or savings account
and carefully review your monthly
statements. If there is an error in the
statement, immediately notify the
bank in writing. When you use an
ATM machine, think about your
physical safety. The ATM may be
open 24 hours a day, but it may not
be safe to go to the ATM after dark.
A PIN (personal identification
number) is necessary to access your
account and is your protection
against unauthorized use of your
access card. The best practice is to
memorize your PIN. Don't carry the
PIN with you and don't choose an
obvious PIN such as parts of your
name, address, and birth date. If your
access card is lost or stolen, imme
diately notify the bank.
If you would like a copy of Pay
ing Family Bills (EC 1422) or more
information on money management,
feel free to contact the OSU Exten
sion office at 553-3238.
dition) through the winter in a cold
environment. A cost savings may
also result from having cows enter
the winter in good body condition.
Matching Dates To Forage Base
Timing the start of calving in an
ticipation of the plant growth cycle
can reduce the need for high levels
of supplement or hay. The cow's
nutrient requirements increase sub
stantially after calving and continue
to increase through peak lactation,
generally 45 to 60 days post calving.
At the same time reproductive
functions must be supported in order
to remain on an annual calving
schedule.
As range or pasture plants ma
ture, nutritive quality declines to the
point that optimum production can
not be maintained. While an indi
vidual plant's maturation date will
vary with the year, temperature,
rainfall, soil, elevation, aspect, etc.,
it is well established that with matu
ration comes a decline in both di
gestibility and protein content. Re
gardless of the date, this decline in
quality begins at the boot stage for
grass plants and at the bud stage for
broad leafed forbs. Research at the
Northern Great Basin Experiment
Station near Burns, Oregon indicates
northern Great Basin desert ranges
typically reach maturity in mid July.
MM
Natural Resource
The Value of Healthy Riparian
Areas
The following contains excerpts
from an article by Sherman
Swanson, Range Specialist for the
University of Nevada Cooperative
Extension Service.
The transition areas between the
aquatic ecosystem and the nearby,
upland terrestrial ecosystem are
called riparian areas. These areas
"are identified by soil characteris
tics plant communities that indicate
free or unbound water and include
the wet areas in and near streams,
ponds, lakes, springs, and other
surface waters.
Water Means Life in the Desert
Riparian areas can produce more
vegetation per acre than any other
part of the range. They are the
proverbial oases in the desert that
attracts humans, livestock, and
wildlife. Riparian vegetation is not
only highly productive, it also has
the potential to stay green for a
much longer part of the year than
upland vegetation.
Fisheries and Wildlife
Wildlife use riparian areas more
than any other single'haSitat.Big
game use riparian areas for water
and to browse or graze on riparian
plants. These areas also provide
necessary hiding or thermal cover.
Small mammals, reptiles, and am
phibians abound in the thick un
dergrowth near water. More than
half of the vertebrates living on
rangeland needs riparian areas for
some critical period of their life
cycle. Salmon, steelhead, and other
fish species depend on healthy ri
parian systems to provide cover,
food, and to maintain proper
instreanj water temperatures and
levels of dissolved oxygen.
Well-knitted, stable stream banks
and riparian vegetation provide
overhanging banks that shelter fish
and shade water.
Water
Water in riparian areas gets used
downstream as well as on site.
Water can be the limiting factor
controlling such things as livestock
herd size, wildlife population size
and diversity, agricultural devel
opment, and urban development.
Users depend on abundant sources
of clean water. Improper manage
ment in logging, road building,
livestock grazing and other uses
can negatively impact water qual
ity. Instream water temperatures are
4F
Satellite
OSU Extension hosts a series of educational satellites
developed by the U.S. Department of Education.
Connecting with Youth - May 16
Learning Everywhere - June 20
Programs will be offered in the 1st floor classroom of the
Education Building from 5PM-6 PM.
Contact OSU Extension 553-3238
if you are interested in attending.
Limit: 10.
More arid sites will be earlier and
high elevation forest ranges will be
later. After these dates it is diffi
cult for a lactating cow to consume
sufficient nutrients to maintain her
calf, herself, and her own body
condition.
USD A Agencies Seek
BILL
; SPOKANE, WASHINGTON,
March 29, 2000 Washington
State Directors for
USDA's Farm Service Agency
(FSA), Natural Resources Conser
vation Service (NRCS), Risk Man
agement Agency (RMA), and Rural
Development (RD) announced to
day their plans for a Tribal Nations
Public Listening Session scheduled
for: April 25, 2000 Ellensburg, WA
10:00 a.m. -Noon Hal Holmes
Community Center 20 1 North Ruby.
The purpose of the listening
session is to gather Tribal farm
owner and operator input on the
future of agricultural policy in the
United States, particularly farm
safety net, conservation and envi
ronmental programs within the 2002
Farm Bill.
The format of the Public Listen
ing Session is one that allows for
notables-
highly dependent upon streamside
cover and riparian area quality, as
well as uplands management.
Vegetation
Riparian vegetation improves wa
ter quality by filtering out sediments
and nutrients from flows, as well as
dissipating energy. When plants re
duce water velocity, sediments drop
out and add to flood plains. Plants
grow in this sediment, using roots to
stabilize stream banks during peak
flows. Riparian flood plains store
water during high flow, then release
it back to the stream during long, dry
periods.
Vegetation can remove excess nu
trients, thereby "cleaning" water as
it passes through the system. Water
with excess nutrients can cause eu
trophication downstream, a condition
where water becomes choked vith
too much organic matter and may
appear green and murky. As the or
ganic matter decays, it may deplete
the supply of dissolved oxygen to
levels below that which fish and other
aquatics may require. Eutrophication
is a special problem for cold water
fish like trout, which require highly
oxygenated water.
Management
Proper management of riparian
areas involves all land users. It is
every person's responsibility to pro
tect this vital resource while enjoy
ing its tremendous value. Those who
make management decisions have a
special responsibility to understand
the needs of the resource. With proper
management, all multiple users will
benefit. Without it, we stand to lose
even more of this precious and in
valuable resource.
If you would like more informa
tion on riparian area management,
feel free to contact the OSU Extension
office at 553-3238.
Events
Input on 2002 FARM
prepared testimony, as well as re
marks by those who wish to address
specific programs FSA, NRCS, RMA,
and RD administer. The meeting is
being held in cooperation with the
Northwest InterTribal AG Council
(IAC).
To submit statement for the record:
Producers who are unable to testify
at a field hearing may instead submit
written testimony for the official
record. Testimonies must include
their name, address, phone number
and forwarded to USDA-FSA, Chris
Bieker, 316 W. Boone, Suite 568,
Spokane, WA 99201 by May 1 , 2000.
Persons requesting special accom
modations (e.g.: translator, disability)
to participate in any one of the above
listed meetings should contact Jo
Lynne Seufer at 1-800-205-9953 by
April 17, 2000.
Sun
t