Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
January 27, 2000 9
Arlene
4-H &
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MniimiMMni
(503) 553-3238
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Internet Address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext
Th Oregon Slate University Extension Service staff la devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs
in agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers Its programs
and materials equally to all people.
The Clover speaks
by Bob I'awelek
In Oregon, there are no stock
shows such as I knew them in
another far-off place, or jackpot
prospect shows for that matter.
Kids show their critters at the
county fair only, and maybe the
state fair. It is only recently,
though, that the doctors and law
yers are buying five acres in the
country just so their kids can show
steers to get them into the pre
mium auction. Over the years
there have been many attempts to
make the county fair more educa
tional, take some of the cut-throat
out of it, or eliminate it. In the
end we look at the opportunities
that exist for kids to learn to take
responsibility, for parents and
kids to do something together,
for the community to get in
volved, and for some kids and
families to make a good living
selling the feeders. I'm not say
ing its right, and I'm not trying to
rationalize it.
If I could wave a magic wand,
I was raised in a family with
eight children, two of whom had
Attention Deficit Disorder
(ADD). Unfortunately, they were
not diagnosed until adulthood. We
did not have a name for it then
and we certainly did not have the
tools we have today. Now that I
am involved with parenting a
child who has been diagnosed
with ADD, the information and
support groups that are available
offer much assistance and guid
ance. What is Attention Deficit Dis
order (ADD)? How common is it
among school-age children in the
United States? And what do we
know about how to treat it? At
tention Deficit Disorder refers to
a neurophysiological condition
that affects about one or two chil
dren in every school classroom in
the United States. Estimates of
the prevalence of Attention Defi
cit Disorder vary widely, but
medical literature conservatively
estimates about 3-7 percent of
school age children are diagnosed
with it.
Children with Attention Defi
cit Disorder are more easily dis
tracted and act impulsively to a
greater degree than other chil
dren. Some are also hyperactive,
in which case their specific diag
nosis may be Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD),
a type of Attention Deficit Disor
der. A health care provider uses
specific criteria to reach these di
agnoses, and an assessment is im
portant in order to assist the child.
Medications have been success
ful in alleviating some symptoms,
but are not appropriate for all
children.
A
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Winter care for cows-
J pi
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Several management practices
can be used by cattlemen to help
their herds get through winter.
One technique is to sort cattle by
age. Nutritional requirements are
different for young heifers than
Boileau BobPawelek Clint Jacks Deanie Johnson
Youth Livestock Staff Chair, Madras Secretary
Bemadette Handley Zack del
Home Economics Natural Resources 4-H Assistant
or have amnesty for just one thing,
I would eliminate all premium
auctions and take the livestock
shows back to the old days, be
fore premium auctions when we
had mostly farm kids taking farm
raised animals as projects for the
experience, and to find out whose
dad had the best stock at home.
But I might as well be living in a
castle in Scotland,, since that's
fairyland. Until more parents un
derstand what you expressed we
HOME SWEET HOME
By Bernadette Handley, Family &
Community Development Agent
Disorders such as Attention
Deficit Disorder are not always
clear cut to diagnose and treat,
and this can be frustrating. Chil
dren with the disorder tend to
have lower self-esteem than other
children, and are behind their age
mates in social and emotional
development. Hyperactive chil
dren tend to be diagnosed earlier
than other Attention Deficit Dis
order children (kindergarten or
. first grade, rather than late el
ementary or early middle school).
There are a number of myths
about Attention Deficit Disorder
that do a disservice to children
with the condition and their par
ents, said Sally Bowman, OSU
Extension family development
specialist. One myth is that a child
with Attention Deficit Disorder
is just a "problem child" and if
parents were more effective, the
difficult behaviors would disap
pear. The reality is that research
has shown us that there are neu
rological differences in the brains
of individuals with Attention
Deficit Disorder.
Another myth is that Attention
Deficit Disorder is only preva
lent among elementary age chil
dren. In fact, there are many adults
with the disorder. Sometimes we
oversimplify a disorder for ex
ample, we think that every child
who can't sit still has Attention
Deficit Disorder; or if a child can
sit still, they can't have it.
Experts on Attention Deficit
Disorder say that children with
the condition can focus their at
tention for relatively long peri
ods on selected activities. A child
with Attention Deficit Disorder
who is not hyperactive may be
for mature cows. Feed and supple
ment costs can be lowered if cows
can be separated and fed accord
ing to their needs. For example,
bred heifers and thin older cows
will benefit if kept apart from
dominant mature cows. If separa
tion is impossible for your outfit,
try feeding in as many places as
is reasonable, allowing heifers
every opportunity to continue
growing.
Keeping an eye on the weather
is essential to manage nutritional
needs of cattle. Severe cold is
always a dilemma for the pro
ducer who wants his herd to
outlast winter's grip. For cows,
the critical winter temperature is
around 30 degrees Fahrenheit.
When temperatures dip below
that, there is an increase in the
energy requirement for cows. For
each onedegree drop in Fahren
Nero Minnie RedDoe
!!.'-V
are not likely to make too many
changes.
In the mean time, maybe we
need to create the conditions that
force those kids that want into the
"modern" livestock show to go
through, some educational hoops
along the way. A good step would
be getting a pool of buyers to
create special premiums for rate
of gain, feed efficiency, record
keeping, farm raised stock, etc.
to decrease the motivation to pay
too much for feeders, feed only
the packaged show feed, hold,
walk, shrink, etc. etc. to make
weight, We need to find some old
fashioned ways to reward more
than the champions in the show
ring. Another radical idea that
has been used in some places (I
think Houston does this) is to put
a big chunk of the actual pre
mium over market into the schol
arship fund and then let all the
livestock JsJLds compete for the
scholarships rather than give it
all to the one with the champion.
quietly daydreaming in the class
room rather than bothering her
classmates. All active children
have trouble sitting still from time
to time. But if a child is hyperac
tive all the time, a variety of health
or psychological problems may
be the cause (not necessarily At
tention Deficit Hyperactivity Dis
order). Children with Attention Defi
cit Disorder are capable of han
dling Complect material, have
many positive qualities and may
achieve great success. Helping a
child with Attention Deficit Dis
order works best when family,
school, and health care providers
work in unison, providing struc
ture to daily routines and outlets
for the child to be successful as
well as physically active.
Several national support orga
nizations offer resources and pro
duce newsletters. In addition,
other written resources on Atten
tion Deficit Disorder designed
specifically for parents, children
of different ages, or teachers are
available in bookstores.
National Support Organiza
tions include:
National Attention Deficit Dis
order Association, 1788 Second
Street, Suite 200
Highland Park, IL 60035,
Phone: 847-432-ADDA.
www.add.org
Children and Adults with At
tention Deficit Disorders, 8181
Professional Place, Suite 201,
Landover, MD 20785, Phone:
800-233-4050. www.chadd.org
The National Academy for
Child Development, P. O. Box
380, Huntsville, UT 84317,
Phone: 801-621-8606.
www.nacd.org.
heit, there is approximately a 1
increase in the TDN or energy
required.
For example, at just above 30
degrees, no increase in TDN (no
extra hay or grain) is necessary.
At 20 degrees, a 10 increase
in TDN (about 4 lbs. extra hay
and 2 lbs. extra grain per cow) is
required. At 10 degrees below
zero, 40 more TDN is required,
or 8 lbs. of hay and 4 or 5 lbs.
more grain per cow are needed to
retain the same amount of energy
at 30 degrees. In other words,
the colder it gets, the more feed
you should put out.
When winter turns into a wet,
damp spring, producers should
continue to monitor cow condi
tion. Thinner cows are more
prone to the effects of this kind
of weather. Especially when a
thin cow's hair coat gets wet.
1 SA
. a. L
n
-Wwi
Natural Resource notables-
Natural Resources Manage
ment The People of Warm Springs
have always lived in a natural
resources based economy. All the
way back to the earliest trade
routes, people in all directions
have traded for food and other
products that come from this land.
The "modern" world has lost
touch with the earth, many people
have little or no understanding of
what it takes to grow food and
fiber products. Computer skills
and business sense are necessary
to succeed in today's society,
however, people must reacquaint
themselves and their children with
the natural world so that it will
continue to provide for future gen
erations. Many of us come from differ
ent tribes and nations, so many of
us have unigue practices and cus
toms to follow. From my experi
ence, all traditional practices and
customs share one main idea - to
take care of the earth. This is true
in every native society on earth -the
Americas, Indonesia, Africa,
Europe, wherever - all native so
cieties realized their dependence
upon the productivity and bal
ance of the natural world. We are
still dependent upon those sys
tems, and those systems are in a
lot of trouble.
As the human population of the
earth continues to .blow up into
the billions, more and more re
sources are being taken. The
oceans are being over fished,
tropical rainforests and temper
ate forests are being decimated,
farmlands are being paved over,
and pollution continues to take
its toll on the air, soil, and water.
Today's farmers are under the gun
to produce more and more food
from fewer acres of land and with
tighter and tighter economic con
straints. It is no secret around
OSU Extension Service
Winter Lecture series
presents:
DougDomper
Senior Tribal Policy
Analyst
Columbia River Intertribal
Fish Commission
"Endangered Species Act: US
Gov't vs. Fish"
Thursday 27
January 2000
11:45 am - 1:15pm
Fire Management
Training Room
OSU Extension Service
Winter Lecture series
presents
. Jennifer Weikel
OSU Dept. of Forestry
"Snags & their management"
Thursday 10 Feb 2000
11:45 am -1:15 pm
Fire Management Training
Room
The critical temperature then in
creases to around 50 degrees
Fahrenheit. Weight losses right
before calving season are bad
news.
Evaluation of hay to determine
nutrient availability is a tool ev
ery producer should use to cut
costs and produce higher beef
yields. Quality of hays vary with
each variety, cutting, and even
bale. The time to use the poorer
quality, weather damaged hay is
during the early winter months.
As cows approach calving, and
after calving, the higher quality
hays should be used. The cow's
protein needs increase as she gets
closer to calving.
Don't winter open cows. Prob
ably the most costly aspects of
any cow outfit's wintering pro
gram is feeding cows who will
not produce. Culling unproduc
I '
here that roots, salmon, berries,
elk and deer - all those foods that
Sun
Water
Land
have sustained the People since
the beginning of time - these are
all suffering. It is time for us all
to accept our role as natural re
source managers, no matter what
we do for work everyday.
If you are a secretary in an
office building or a diesel me
chanic. vou can still help to man
age natural resources. In your
home: understand how to con
serve energy ("use less stuff),
understand where your food
comes from and teach it to your
children (try a home garden
maybe?), apply "best manage
ment practices" to your livestock
operations, DRIVE LESS (ve
hicle emissions are the number
one air pollution for each of us),
be careful what you do with gar
bage and potentially hazardous
wastes (recycling and composting
options) - basically, apply com-
mon sense to managing our re
sources and teach these things to
your children.
If you are interested in recy
cling, energy conservation, home
gardening, weed control, live
stock management, or just about
anything else, OSU Extension is
here to help. Feel free to call or
stop by and we will fix you up
with some information or a way
to get it
Satellite Events
OSU Extension hosts a series
of educational satellites devel
oped by the U.S. Department of
Education.
Powerful Middle Schools
- February 15
Nurturing Readers -March
21
Multiplying Excellence -April
18
Connecting with Youth -May
16
Learning Everywhere -June
20
Programs will be offered in the
1st floor classroom of the Educa
tion Building from 5PM-6 PM.
Contact OSU Extension 553
3238 if you are interested in at
tending. Limit: 10
tive cows is sensible management.
Why feed a cow who will not earn
her keep?
Other strategies that achieve
good results are feeding supple
ments on alternate days to
cheapen labor and feed costs,
changing feeding grounds often
to avoid health problems in the
herd, arid keeping an eye on the
flesh or condition of the cows to
help them cycle and calve on
schedule.
It's difficult to cut the cost of
winter feeding. Sensible use of
available resources, matching
feeds to nutrient needs, and
watching the weather will trim
the waste and boost profits, while
keeping the cow herd producing
at their highest potential.
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