September 23, 1999 9
Warm Springs, Oregon
Spilyay Tymoo
Ari.nn Kniipan Hob Pawelek Clint Tacks Deanie Johnson
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and materials equally to all people.
Clover speaks-
Welcome to the World of 4-H
What is 4-H?
by Arlt ne Boileau
Who works in the 4-H World here
in Warm Springs?
In Oregon, 4-H is a part of the
Oregon State University Extension
Service. Each county has an Exten
sion Office
which administers the 4-H pro
gram. 4-H is an experiential Youth
Education Program for boys and girls
in kindergarten though 12th grade.
For youth in grades K-4th grade.
The program is designed to meet the
developmental characteristics of
young children. It emphasizes coop
erative learning and excludes com
petitive events. Youth in grades 4
12 usually belong to 4-H clubs or
groups and select project or activi
ties from the large number available
to them and may choose to enter
fairs or other competition.
Preventing and Resolving Prob
lems With Investment Professionals
The Oregon State University Ex
tension Service, Oregon Investor In
formation Program, and the Oregon
Association of Family and Commu
nity Education (OrFCE), working
together brought a program, Prevent
ing and Resolving Problems With
Investment Professionals to 2,600
Oregonians in 17 Oregon counties
in 1996 and 1997. The lesson, pre
pared by the OSU Extension Ser
vice, based on a videotape prepared
by
The Investor Protection Trust, had
as its goals to help participants in
FCE study groups recognize invest
ment fraud and abuse, to know ways
to prevent disputes with investment
professionals, and to know ways to
resolve disputes with investment
professionals.
Based on evaluations from 843
participants, 82 felt their knowl
edge about the subject increased,
70 will use the information in the
future, 63 will share the informa
tion with others, primarily husbands
and children, 5 1 will keep notes of
conversations with brokers, and 5 1
will review broker statements more
carefully.
About one-half of the evaluators
w
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Consider early weaning-
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liSs .ill1
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Time of weaning can be altered to
manipulate cow body condition to
maintain high reproductive rates and
reduce winter feed requirements.
Cows nursing their calves for a
longer or shorter period of time than
is traditional decrease or increase
their body condition.
Often when a cow is declining in
body condition the calf is not grow
ing at optimum.
Changing either the calving date
SraTWip
At Warm Springs Arlene Boileau
and Minnie Red Dog The new 4-H
Program Assistant
The 4-H Program and what is it
that we actual do?
We search for 4 -H Leaders to
lead 4-H Clubs in the following ar
eas: beadwork, sewing, cooking,
livestock
Radio, computer, Indian dancing
whatever your skills is, your 4-H
Club can be as long as three months
or six weeks, there is no time limit
on your 4-H Club.
How does the 4-H program work?
It's often said "It is better to build a
child then to mend an adult."
This is the main objective of the
4-H program. In 4-H, volunteer lead
ers encourage youth to gain knowl
edge and learn practive life skills,
and to apply both in their project
area. Members learn to work together
as a team and develop a sense of fair
play 4-H members learn decision -making
skills thought project work,
judging contest and other 4-H ac
tivities. As 4-H members mature, they
have an opportunity to learn and
practice leadership skills within their
own club, at county activities, and
during state events. They also begin
to develop an appreciation and un
derstanding of their community
through individual or club service
project's members improve their
communication skills through work
ing together and interaction in the
club, Presentation, and 4-H
HOME SWEET HOME-
By Bernadette Handley, OSU Extension
Home Ec Agent
provided written comments. Their
comments focused on the overall
reactions to the lesson, reactions to
the videotape and materials provided
by the Oregon Investor Information
Program, and personal reactions.
The overall reactions to the les
son were described using the terms
excellent, informative, invaluable,
and easy to understand. Twelve
people indicated that since they had
no money to invest or already had
their investment plans in place, that
the lesson would be more suitable
for younger people. However, there
was evidence that investment "op
portunities" are available at any age.
One woman wrote, I am 82 years old
and my husband passed away a few
months ago and I've got several
phone calls from brokers wanting
me to invest in this or that. I just
hang up.
The reactions to the videotape and
the materials from the Oregon In
vestor Information Program were
very positive. Three individuals ex
pressed negative reactions to the
videotape.
Thirty-two individuals wrote
comments indicating what they were
going to do with the information.
One woman found an immediate use
for the information as she is in the
and (or) the weaning date will have
an influence on cow condition. Age
nf the calf at weaning is affected by
both the date of birth and the date of
weaning. Any change in time of
weaning must balance the potential
positive impacts on the cows with
potential negative impacts on the
calves or calf market weights.
Cow Body Condition
The condition of beef cows at
calving is associated with length of
postpartum interval (time following
calving). It also affects lactation per
formance, health and vigor of the
newborn calf, and in extremely fat
or thin heifers the incidence of calv
ing difficulty. The condition of cows
at breeding influences the number
of services per conception, calving
interval, and the percentage of open
cows (Herd and Sprott, 1987).
For spring calving cows body con
dition in the fall affects the amount
and type of winter feed supplements
that will be needed (Momont et
al.,1994). Cows in adequate body
condition usually need only small
quantities of supplements, w hile thin
cows usually need large quantities
ih. . .... program,
recordkeeping. They also develop
positive attitudes about themselves
and others, learn basic Health and
safety practices have educational
and vocational experiences, and
learn how to set and achieve realis
tic goals for themselves through in
dividual time management. All of
this doesn't happen at once, but de
velops gradually as members con
tinue their involvement in 4-H with
the guidance of their 4-H leader
National 4-H Week October 3-10
4-H Culture Camp Lost & Found
There are some camp items we
have from 4-H Camp. Please come
on in and see if some of it is yours
We will keep the lost items until
October 1 st then it's off to the thrift
Store in Madras.
For mora information, contact your
County Extension Office. Ft!
.
process of gathering information to
see if there is cause for redress in
her situation. One woman said she
and her husband were just contact
ing a broker and that the informa
tion will be helpful to her. Another
person indicated she had money
coming in from the sale of property,
and the information will be very
helpful. Five individuals said they
were going to keep more careful
records of conversations with bro
kers. Master Food
Preservers
Do you need an answer your food
preservation questions? Call the
Certified Master Food Preservers
and Extension educators in Lane
County on the OSU Extension Ser
vice Food Preservation Hotline. The
hotline will be available from
July 15 - October 15. Phone calls
may be directed to 1-800-354-7319
between the hours of 9 AM - 4 PM
Monday-Friday (except holidays).
of sunnlements high in energy. Re
searchers in Minnesota (Thompson
et al., 1983) reported a 6-10 higher
energy requirement for maintain
ing thin cows (versus moderate to
high body condition) through the
winter in a cold environment. A
cost savings may also result from
having cows enter the winter in good
body condition.
Matching Dates To Forage Base
Timing the start of calving in
anticipation of the plant growth
cycle can reduce the need for high
levels of supplement or hay. The
cow's nutrient requirements in
crease substantially after calving
and continue to increase through
peak lactation, generally 45 to 60
days post calving. At the same time
reproductive functions must be sup
ported in order to remain on an an
nual calving schedule.
As range or pasture plants ma
ture, nutritive quality declines to
the point that optimum production
cannot be maintained. While an in
dividual plant's maturation date will
vary with the year, temperature,
rainfall, soil, elevation, aspect, etc..
Natural Resource
by Zach del Nero
How to get on the list: Listing and
delisting exotic plants as noxious
Roger Sheley and Jane Krueger
recently published an article (Range
lands, August 1999) on the listing
and delisting of exotic plants as nox
ious. Exotic, invasive weeds, such as
spotted knapweed, pose a serious
ecological and environmental threat
to the natural resources of the west
ern United States. These weeds dis
place native plant communities (in
cluding endangered species and cul
turally significant plants like roots
and medicines), alter the function
ing of the ecosystem, reduce forage
for livestock and wildlife, and lower
diversity within the system. In some
cases, noxious weeds increase soil
surface runoff and sedimentation into
streams. As a response, many states
have enacted laws to protect their
naturla resources from invasion by
exotic weeds. The Montana County
Noxious Weed Law was established
in 1948 (and amended inl991) to
protect Montana from destructive
weeds. Noxious weeds are defined
by this act as being any exotic plant
species which may render land unfit
for agriculture, forestry, livestock,
wildlife, or other beneficial uses, or
that may harm native plant commu
nities. The Process
In Montana, there are 3 primary
methods for intiating the listing or
delisting of exotic plants as noxious.
(l)The Montana Department of Ag
riculture (MDA) can start the pro
cess based their own internal infor
mation; (2) any individual, group, or
association can petition the MDA;
and (3) an organized committee with
the responsibility to identify poten
tial noxious plants can initiate the
process. Emergency declarations can
also be made when a new infestation
"is serious'and in nearby states. For
example, the discovery of squarrose
knapweed in neighboring states
Home Alone and
by Bernadette Handley
Home Alone and Prepared (HAP), a
self-learning program, prepares children
to be safe and confident. A 40 minute
video and 32 page workbook provides
parents with the information to teach,
reinforce, and extend their child's self
care skills. As parents and children work
together to complete this program, chil
dren learn
decision-making and problem-solving
skills to better care for themselves
when home alone. Topics include readi
Does Gambling Affect
Gambling was a topic identified for
study by the Oregon Association for
Family and Community Education (Or
egon FCE). A lesson, Does Gambling
Affect Everyone? You Bet! was devel
oped by a committee compromised of
the Oregon State University Family
Economics Specialist, the Lincoln
County Extension Home Economist, and
an Oregon FCE member from Lincoln
County.
The objectives of the lesson were to
it is well established that with matu
ration comes a decline in both di
gestibility and protein content. Re
gardless of the date, this decline in
quality begins at the boot stage for
grass plants and at the bud stage for
broad leafed forbs. Research at the
Northern Great Basin Experiment
Station near Burns, Oregon indicates
northern Great Basin desert ranges
typically reach maturity in mid July.
More arid sites will be earlier and
high elevation forest ranges will be
later. After these dates it is difficult
for a lactating cow to consume suf
ficient nutrients to maintain her calf,
herself, and her own body condition.
Be a beef ambassador
by Bob Pawelek
The National Beef Ambassador
Program Competition will be held at
the Airport Hilton in Wichita, Kan.,
Nov. 4-6, 1999. State representa
tives, ages 15 to 19, come from
across the nation to participate in
the competition and learn to be bet
ter spokespersons for the beef in
notables-
would justify and emergency listing
in Montana. Once the MDA receives
a petition for listingdelisting, two
committees are activated, the first is
made up of reps from weed districts,
agricultural groups, state and fed
eral agencies, university specialists,
environmental groups, and other in
terested parties. The second com
mittee is comprised of weed spe
cialists - their job is to evaluate and
assess a weed's potential for dam
age and control, base upon predeter
mined criteria. Once all the info has
been gathered, recommendations are
made to the MDA.
The Criteria
Listing or delisting an exotic plant
as noxious is based upon three crite
ria: (1) the relative ranking based on
how suitable the area is for that weed
(susceptibility to invasion); (2) a
summary of the biological charac
teristics of the plant; and (3) how
the ruling will impact various other
state agencies (nursery sales, agri
cultural seed certification, etc.).
As weeds continue to invade west
ern rangeland, it is critical that pro
cesses and criteria are developed to
determine those weeds that pose a
serious threat to the ecology and the
economy. These processes must in
clude assesment of the invasiveness
and impacts of exotic plants based
on biology and experience. Socio
logical impacts must be considered
as well.
Prepared
ness, fire safety, handling emergencies,
first aid, phone and door answering
skills, and more.
Program participants say:
"Great, excellent, kept kid's inter
est." "A great starter for discussing issues
with my child."
"My daughter was so interested we
did the whole thing in one sitting."
"My daughter talked about her fears
as we worked through the program. I
didn't know about them prior to doing
HAP."
, , . .... . . . .. :, ...'''..,.....'... ;.
Everyone? You Bet!
cause oarticioants to think about the
effects of gambling on individuals, fami
lies, and communities, and to cause par
ticipants to examine their beliefs about
when gambling is and is not appropri
ate. The lesson is based on a Gambling
Facts Quiz, 15 questions and answers,
to provoke discussion. Participants re
ceive the Oregon State Lottery publica
tion, Gambling, Becoming a Nightmare?
and materials from Gamblers Anony
mous. The lesson was taught to approxi
mately 2,500 Oregon FCE members in
1996 and 1997. Based on evaluations
from 863 participants in 1 6 Oregon coun
ties, most (92) said the lesson did
cause them to think about the effects of
gambling. Slightly over half (54) said
that prior to the lesson they were not
aware of the Oregon hotline for prob
lem gamblers. Ninety percent said they
would refer a friend or family member
with a gambling problem to the hotline.
Seventy-four percent were planning to
share the lesson materials with family
andor friends.
For more information:
Alice Mills Morrow
College of Home Economics and
Education
Oregon State University
dustry. They will also attend a work
shop that helps them handle the
media and consumers when talking
about the beef industry. ANCW
would like to invite anyone inter
ested in the program to come to
Wichita. Contact Shelle Taylor
(ANCW), staylorbeef.org or 303
850-3442.
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