Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
August 13, 1998 11
Arlene
4-H &
OWONTMIl UNMMWTY
service
(503) 553-3238
Internet Address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext
The Oregon State University Extension Service staff Is devoted to extending research-based information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers its programs
and materials equally to all people.
The Clover speaks
By Sue Ryan
Our 4-H Culture Enrichment Camp at
Peters Pasture was a great success! We had
over 75 campers and 20 staff during the busy
week of July 26th-August 1st. But, our job
could also not have been done without the
help of all the volunteers and community.
Here's a big thank-you from 4-H Agent
Arlene Boileau for this year's camp.
"THANK-YOU for a JOB WELL
DONE" Well, another 4-H Culture Enrichment
Camp is over, but not for the camper's who
attend. For them the memories are there and
each one of you, "the Camp Staff helped put
them there. The campers will remember what
a good camp experience is.
Thank you for your TIME and ENERGY.
The campers of Warm Springs will benefit
and grow as each one of us has.
Thank you, for all your inventiveness and
your creativity. Each one of you is special
and willing to go the extra mile, so once
more. "Thank You for a Job Well Done".
Sincerely,
Arlene Boileau
Children need to be taught how to
save money
Children learn about money-spending and
saving-from watching and listening to their
parents, says Alice Mills Morrow, OSU Ex
tension family economics specialist. Given
the statistics on savings in the United States,
it appears that children are learning more
about spending than they are about saving.
The U.S. personal savings rate has fallen to
slightly less than 5 of disposable income
from 9 just a generation ago.
Parents can give children an allowance
with the understanding that part of it goes
into the childfs own saving account. This
may be the first step in learning to budget and
learning to save.
Parents can make savings visible and real
by having children build up savings in a
piggy bank. When enough money has accu
mulated in the piggy bank, parents can help
children open a savings account and make
regular deposits.
1 Most of all show your children how to
save by setting a good example. The best
way to do that is to have a routine savings
plan for your family.
-Edited from TIPS, OSU Extension, April
May 1998
Car seat sa fety check
Using a car seat correctly makes a BIG
difference. Even the "safest" seat may not
protect your child in a crash, so take a minute
to check:
Do you have the instructions?
Follow them and keep them with your
seat for use as your child grows older.
Is your child facing the right way for
both weight and age?
If you use a seat made only for infants,
ALWAYS face it backward. A baby should
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Preventing & treating colic
c
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Colic is a general term given for any
abdominal pain. There are many types and
causes of colic, as well as predisposing fac
tors. Digestive colic, the true form of colic,
can be caused by improper feeding and man
agement practices. The intestine may be
come blocked, twisted, or gas may develop.
The digestive system of the horse is very
sensitive. Therefore, colic is a major cause of
death in horses.
Boileau
Youth
Bob Pawelek Clint Jacks Deanie Johnson
Livestock Staff Chair, Madras ' Secretary
BernadetteHandley Zack del Nero Sue Ryan
Home Economics Natural Resources 4-H Assistant
-
1998 Camp Staff
Trudy Bennett-Head Cook
Millie Frazicr
Lillian January-assisted with the menu
Camp Elder
Effie Culpus
Girls Camp Counselors;
Minnie RedDog
Julie Johnson
Jessica Parrish
Carla Dean Caldcra
Laura Johnson
Bovs Camp Counselors:
Joseph Boise
Ken Miller
Chris Miller
Dorian Tappo
Gerald Tufti
Camp Teachers
Lois Smith-BasketMaking
Alice Wyena-Beadwork
J'Dean Kalama-Beadwork
Lillian Brunoe-Indian ArtArt Director
SacredHeart SuppahJoseph Boise-Miniature
Sweat Houses
Minnie RedDog, Jessica Parrish, Laura John
son, Chris New-Nature Hikes
Lillian Brunoe-Dream Catchers
Culture Leader
SacredHeart Suppah
Culture and Heritage Language Teachers
Suzie Slockish
Arlita Rhoan
Dallas Winishut, Jr.
Carol Wewa
Anson Begay
Mary Smith - RN from Madras
Willy Bagley-Warm Springs Fire& Safety
Dave Simmons-Warm Springs Fire & Safety
Summer Youth Workers
Mayanne Aguilar-Recreational Director
HOME SWEET HOME
By Bernadette Handley, OSU Extension
. .. Home F.c Apent
iinil'V ill-
ride facing the back of the car up to 20
pounds, and as close as possible to age one.
A child over 20 pounds faces forward.
Is the auto safety belt in the right place
and pulled tight?
The belt must go in the correct, marked
path to hold the seat in place. A convertible
seat faces backward for an infant and for
ward a toddler. It has two different belt
paths, one for each direction.
Is the harness snug? Does it stay on his
her shoulders?
Shoulder straps go in the lowest slots for
babies riding backward and in the top slot for
children facing forward. The retainer clip at
armpit level holds harnesses straps on the
shoulder.
Have you fixed your child's car seat, if
it has been recalled?
Call the Auto Safety Hotline (1-800-424-9393)
for a list of recalled seats that needs
repair.
-Edited from ONE MINUTE SAFETY
CHECKUP, American Academy of Pediatrics
and Transportation Safety
Oregon "Make It Yourself With
Wool" Contest
Entry forms for the 1998 Oregon "Make it
Yourself with Wool" competition is avail
able from your local county extension office.
Entry forms must be submitted by November
13, 1998 to be eligible for the statewide
competition to be held Saturday, December 5
at the Hood River Inn in Hood River, Or
egon. Contestants must select, construct and
model their own garments. Garments must
be constructed of 100 wool or wool blend,
with minimum of 60 wool and the garment
must have been completed after January 1,
1998. Contestants may enter in one of four
Improper feed, water, and management
practices are big factors in causing colic. It
may be induced by irregular feeding times,
and bolting the feed. Lack of water can cause
the horse to have a digestive upset caused by
impaction; hot horses or horses deprived of
water given excess water. Excess grain fed in
large amounts, feeding moldy feed, improp
erly chewed feed due to bolting or poor teeth,
overeating grain when hungry from being
off feed, a diet of extremely coarse roughage
or very fine roughage, consuming foreign
objects or materials, and feeding on the
ground are all causes of colic.
Pain is exhibited early by horses that
splash water with their mouths. They may
also curl the upper lip, refuse to eat, bite the
flanks, look at their abdomen, and express
anxiety of their face.
Moderate signs include: kicking at the
belly, rolling, pawing, getting up and down
frequently and overall restlessness. The horse
may assume a "saw horse" posture with the
legs stretched out as if to urinate, but without
doing so. The pulse rate is increased and the
temperature may be normal or raised. Sweat
ing, abdominal distension, lack of defeca
tion, small volumes of firm mucus covered
feces, and anorexia are all signs of possible
colic.
Pasha Smith Recreational Assistant
Delilah Heath - Recreational Assistant
Hike Leader
Keith Baker- Planner
Sue RyanFoster KaiamaBernadette Handley
-Hike Guides
OSU Staff
Deanie Johnson -Secretary
John Beal II - Camp Fire
Zach del Nero Sweat house
Sue Ryan All Around
Arlene Boileau-Camp Director
Clint Jacks-Staff Chair
and a big, big thank-you to:
WEDD-Vincc Simtustus & Crew for site
preparation, the Salmon Corps crew for
building our footbridge and general help
around the camp, the BIA Fire Management
for their towing & loan of potable water
tanker, Warm Splines Forest Products In
dustries for watering the road, Johnny
Querili for grading the road, WaterandSoilS
for paying for a test of the water sources at
Peter's Pasture, Tribal Utilities for blowing
out the old water line, Diane Putnam for
evaluating our kitchen, Warm Springs Po
Ik&foT checking up on us, Roger Bigleggings,
Ron Bennett, Roy Spino, Luke Sanders, Brian
Lund, the Good Humor Ice Cream Man, and
Dallas Winishut, Jr. for building the eating
area shelter and constructing the s weathouses,
Tribal Council for the donation of the salmon,
the Warm Sprin gs Senior program for their
donation of salmon, Willie Fuentes and
Cheryl Tom at Human Services for support
and funding, Nancy Collins for evaluating
our kitchen, support and funding, Tammy
Wells and Shawn Winsor for check-in assis
tance, PNPCand Oregon Together for funding,
the support and patient guidance of the tribal
accounting department-especially Tamera
Coffee and Lorena Wise, and the overall
guidance & advice of the Education General
Manager-Wendell Jim. ,
' ; ,tI ,i .f
rift ft wt tliw
age categories: 1
Preteens (12 and under)
Juniors ( 13-16)
Seniors ( 17-24)
Adults ( 25 and over)
For entry forms or for more information,
please contact Bernadette Handley OSU
Extension 553-3238.
Teaching families how to trim excess debt,
increase savings and become fiscally fit by
the end of the year 2000 is the goal of a new
project being launched by the Oregon State
University Extension Services.
The program is called MONEY 2000. It
signals Oregon's entry into a nationwide
Extension program to help individuals and
families increase their wealth by reducing
their debt and increasing their savings.
Participants set there own debt-reduction
and savings goals then plan how to reach
those goals by the end of the year 2000.
Extension agents offer tools to help through
quarterly newsletters, videos, Internet sites
and seminars.
Although the program is new to Oregon,
its success is already proven in New Jersey
where it started in 1996. For more informa
tion or to enroll, contact Bernadette Handley,
Extension Home Ec Agent 553-3238.
There are no shortcuts, tricks or sure fire
tests to determine if surgery is needed. A
thorough exam and clinical judgement is
required. Conservative treatment is best if
possible.
The exam and decision on treatment is
based on the horse's history, clinical sings,
finding of physical examination, and evalu
ation of laboratory data.
General treatment strategies
Prior to the arrival of the veterinarian:
- Do not allow horse to drink or eat.
- Prevent injury to the horse; walk if try ing
to roll, but if lying quietly allow it to continue
to do so.
-If horse is quiet, leave it alone and ob
serve. -Pain medication should not be given prior
to the vet's analysis and diagnosis.
Medical treatment could include the fol
lowing: - Nasogastric tube inserted to relieve gas.
Sedation to allow examination.
- Analgesic for pain.
Intravenous fluid.
- Water enema at site of impaction.
- Fecal softening agents such as Metamucil
at 1-2 cups for 30 days.
-10 to 12 liters of warm water via
l,-,fcft mm- mm -
Dig
Natural Resource
Noxious Weed Alert
Bobby Brunoe (CTWS Range and Ag)
and Dave Smith (BIA Range Conservation
ist) initiated the 1994 Warm Springs Nox
ious Weed Survey, recognizing that early
detection is an essential element in prevent
ing uncontrollable infestations on the reser
vation. These weeds pose a significant threat
to the overall health and productivity of graz
ing, forest, agricultural, and community ar
eas on the reservation. With summer weather
finally here, the Range and Ag shop and OSU
Extension would like to call your attention to
3 of the most serious weeds in particular:
spotted knapweed, diffuse knapweed, and
yellow starthistle.
Spreading of (he Weeds
All of these weeds are highly aggressive
invaders, doing particularly well in disturbed
areas such as housing sites, roadsides, vacant
lots, driveways, pastures, and forest cuts. It is
clear that these weeds are spreading outward
from the US Highway 26 and community
areas. People are the most significant "vec
tor" or method of spreading for each of these
3 "target" weeds. Seeds attach to vehicle
tires and undercarriages, livestock, horses,
and to socks and shoes to travel and spread
outward. With hunting (and scouting) season
just ahead, be particularly careful about stay
ing clear of weed patches and removing
seeds from clothing and vehicles. Since we
are the most significant threat of "spread,"
we must take every precaution to prevent
further infestation.
Identification
If you are not familiar with these plants,
please stop by the OSU Extension or Range
and Ag offices for assistance. In particular,
get to know the yellow starthistle. We stand
a very good chance of controlling this weed
if we act now. Residents of the Dry Creek
and Sidwalter areas should be especially
aware, since these are the only reported in
festation areas for yellow starthistle.
Upcoming
Events
Mark your calendars!! OSU Extension
and I.H.S. Nutrition Services will sponsor a
food preservation workshop on SALSA on
August 19th. The workshop will be held in
the OSU Extension kitchen in the education
building from 2 PM- X PM. Bring in your
pressure canners for testing while you up
date yourfood preservation techniques. Call
the OSU Extension office 553-3238 for
more information and to pre-register.
Wanted:
4-H Leaders!!!!!
Male andor female, willing
to teach a skill or craft to
children. You pick the age
group to work with, the days
& times to meet, the length
of the class & the number of
children in each class. It can
be short-term or spread out
throughout the year. The 4-H
office can help with some
supplies or a location to
meet.
Please contact Arlene or Sue
at the OSU Extension Office
if you are interested 553-3238.
Why do 4-H horse clubs
By Bob Pawelek
A recent horse riding death in Montana
compels me to discuss the reasoning behind
requiring 4-H'ers to wear helmets when
horseback.
There have actually been four such inci
dents in the past couple of years in that area.
Most professional horsemen would say that
these deaths were probably the result of a
nasogastric tube every two hours.
Prevention
Feed small portions frequently. This de
creases the chances of gastric distention.
Clean, fresh water should be readily avail
able at all times, except to hot horses. Use
quality feed- high forage, low concentrate.
Make any feed changes gradually. Regular
schedule of exercise. Regular dental care to
allow for proper chewing. Regular worming
schedule (once every three months or as
advised by veterinarian). Keep foreign mate
rials away from horses that could be in
gested. Do not feed on ground where sand
may be ingested. Make changes in routine
gradually, such as trailering, showing, and
other stressful situations. Range horses rarely
colic.
Preventing colic is easier than treating
colic, but it still requires careful feeding and
management practices. Anyone caring for
horses should be familiar with what is nor
mal for their horses. Any changes in behav
ior should be carefully observed and re
ported to the veterinarian. Any changes in
feeding and management should be made
gradually to allow the horse to adapt the true
form of colic, can be caused by improper
feeding and management practices.
i A
notables-
Spotted knapweed Centaurea maculosa
Lam. is a biennial or short-lived perennial
with a stout taproot, one or more stems, and
branches 1 to 3 feet tall. This plant was
introduced from eastern Europe as a con
taminant mixed in alfalfa and clover seed.
Spotted knapweed flowers from June to Oc
tober, usually showing pinkish-purple and
rarely as cream-colored. Bracts under the
flowers have dark spots, giving the plant its
"spotted" appearance.
Diffuse knapweed Centaurea diffusa Lam.
is a diffusely branched annual or short-lived
perennial, 1-3 feet tall, usually with a single
upright stem and spreading branches, stems
are rough to the touch. The plant flowers
from July to September, with numerous
flower heads which show white to rose, some
times purplish color. Past maturity, the plant
can break off at ground level and roll like a
tumbleweed.
Yellow starthistle Centaurea solsitialis is
an annual which grows 2 to 4 feet tall with
winged stems covered with "cottony" hairs.
Flower heads are yellow and single on heads
of branches, with sharp straw-colored thorns
up to inch long. Flowering occurs in mid
summer. Yellow starthistle is poisonous to
horses, causing "chewings disease," and has
been labeled as the most serious noxious
weed on the reservation.
Control and disposal
Weed control and vegetation manage
ment are long term projects, so we must plan
to monitor and control these systems for 10
years or more. With your help, we can make
a difference in improving the health of reser
vation lands.
" 1 "Since the community areas are a signifi
cant source of weed infestations, it is crucial
to the success of any weed control plan that
community members take action in their
own area. First, become familiar with the
plants and how to identify them. Identifica
tion pictures and booklets on a variety of
plant species are available through the OSU
Extension office.
At this stage of growth, manual removal
is the most effective control measure you can
take. BE CAREFUL! It is recommended that
you WEAR PROTECTIVE GLOVES when
removing these plants. The knapweeds may
contain a toxin which may be dangerous to
bare skin.
When removing the plant, it is extremely
important that it is discarded properly. Place
the plant, TOP END FIRST, into a plastic
garbage bag. This will contain any loose
seeds. Last, dispose of the bags at the dump.
If the plants are not bagged properly, the
seeds can escape and spread further.
Next spring, we will offer some other
control methods which can be effective on
these plants. At this time and stage of growth,
hand removal and disposal is the most effec
tive measure you can use.
If you locate ANY yellow starthistle,
please contact me at OSU Extension (-3430)
or the Range and Ag office (-3362).
require helmets?
foot caught in a stirrup.
The newspapers reported, "horse trainer
found in pasture with head injuries;" profes
sional rider found along the road with hoof
imprint to the head;" child succumbs to head
injuries from riding accident."
The odds of sustaining a serious head
injury from being bucked or thrown are not
very high. All of the above mishaps occurred
on thawed ground. When your foot is caught
in a stirrup, the first place your body goes is
into the hind feet and flank of your horse. It
is not the normal response of a horse, even a
child's trusted mount, to kick and try to get
away. If he's running down a fence line, your
head is going to come in contact with posts
going 30 miles an hour. Even if you're hung
up for only a couple of jumps, it takes only
one kick from a 1,200-pound horse to do
irreparable damage.
Most saddlehorses have iron shoes on
their feet.
I am not a proponent of the helmet rule.
Some kids think 4-H is milksop enough with
out the added embarrassment of helmets.
Sadly, even a handsome cowboy like me
would look dorky wearing a yellow helmet.
Fashion, however, does seem to contrib
ute to the issue.
I have seen horses shy, unseating their
rider with their boot still wedged in the stir
rup while the rider lands on the ground. What
would have happened had the boot not come
off? Lace-up boots, the latest fad, are not
going to come off, no matter what
So at least you won't see a pair of those on
my feet If it w ere up to me, I would probably
ban the lace-ups and make the helmet op
tional. But it's not up to me.
The point here is plain and simple - let's
keep the kids safe.
i