"ii"T""fi"r"
Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
July 16, 1998 11
CMnciNmra UMvwwrv
EXTENSION
Arlene Boileau
4-H k Youth
Bob Pawelek
Livestock
(503) 553-3238
Bernadette Handley
Home Economics
Clint Jacks Deanie Johnson
Staff Chair, Madras Secretary
Zack del Nero Sue Ryan
. . . . r . .
Natural Resources
4-H Assistant
Internet Address: http:www.orst.edudeptwsext
The Oregon Stale University Extension Service staff Is devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers Its programs
and materials equally to all people.
A - , .. -4
The Clover speaks-
by Sue Ryan show is July 1 8 & 1 9. Pen set up will be
Jefferson County Fair will be right held on Saturday, July 1 8 for 4-H Ani-
around the corner by the time this is mal Science projects. 4-H weighs-in
published. The Fair's theme for 1 998 is their animals on July 2 1 starting at 6:00
"Saddles Under the Stars". The Fair is a.m. The rest of the show details are in
Family development and resource management-
set for July 22-July 25. Complete de-
the premium books.
Open Class has two entry days. Mon
By Bernadette Handley.
OSU Extension Home Economics Agent
A baby born in 1997 to middle
income parents living in the urban
West could cost as much as $165,630
in 1997 dollars to raise to age 18.
According to figures from the US.
day, July 20 is the day to take in ail open Department of Agriculture, that does
class exhibits except for Flowers, Crops "V 1 ",uuu . w f "wuu c
and Livestock. Open Class hours are or college.
from 1 1 a.m. to 7 p.m. both days. Just . When this figure is adjusted for mfla-
remember! Don't haul your freshly cut J JD;"? wu ihayf fff ?l ?ut
flowers over in the heat until Tuesday, $335.000 by the child s 18 birthday.
Julv 21. There is no cost to enter onen coming to me estimate, me single
i tails are available in the premium book.
; These books are available at the Exten
' sion offices in Warm Springsor Madras.
; Here are a few of the important details
on entering exhibits. The 4-H schedule
j is different than the Open Class sched
; ule. The 4-H schedule has presentations
i setforJuly 16, 17 & 18. The 4-H Horse
class & its a good way to evaluate or
reward yourself for personal artwork or
pursuits.
One other favorite activity of the
Jefferson County Fair is the Fair Parade.
The parade is set for July 26 at 10:00
a.m. If you want to enter the Fair Parade
parent will spend somewhat less than the
two-parent family. However, the single
parent will spend a larger percent of her
or his income on the children.
Housing is the largest expense across
all income groups and food is the second
largest average expense. Unlike food
record keeping can help." said Alice
Mills Morrow, OSU Extension family
economics specialist.
The USDA issues its estimate of child
raising costs every year. Copies of the
1997 USDA Estimates for the Cost of
Raising a Child are available at the ex
tension office.
-edited from NewsTips, OSU Exten
sion Service, JuneJuly 1998
Tips for spending less and enjoying it
more
Learning to spend less takes work. It
takes new skills and practice to find the
best way to stretch the family budget per
Alice Mills Morrow, OSU Extension
family resource specialist.
Ideas for ways to cut spending
Don't buy it - Ask yourself if you tjvely.
flavor and vegetables become limp and
unappetizing. Refrigerated leftovers
could be unsafe to eat if they have not
been handled properly says Carolyn
Raab, OSU Extension foods and nutri
tion specialist.
Many people use dates on food pack
ages as indicators of food safety and
quality. These aren't always reliable
clues, however. It's important to distin
guish among the types of dates that are
put on packages.
Expiration dates, such as " Do not
use after October 1998", are sometimes
placed on products such as yeast, baking
powder, and cake mixes. These prod
ucts are safe to eat after the expiration
date but they may not work as effec-
really need the item or if there is some-
tu: .i,.. Tr i
for iudeinV then vou wed to mte hv expenses, the cost ofchild care is highest iJStk 7' V 7
ror juagmg tnen you need to arrive by r e hard UmeNOTbuying, stay outof stores.
8:30 a.m. There are several d v s oris aunnS me nrsl Mve vears ot htt- Lni,d rv t,v nn v ' .
care the nn vexnenthntHprfvPsnc yg u,t Juu llluai
X --.-.wvw
8:30 a.m. There are several divisions
from children to Churches to Indians in
Regalia to Cars. Check out the premium
book if you are interested in details on
the divisions. Call Carol Harden at 546
2205 for Information. She is the Fair
Parade's superintendent.
a child grows older.
What can parents do to reduce the
sticker shock of a new baby? "New
parents really need to put their finances
on paper. Good budgeting and financial
Culture Camp July 21st Parent Orientation Barbeque to be held at the
4-H Center from 6-8 p.m.
Parents, make sure all your paper work is completed for your happy
camper and that you have your camp list. Questions? Call 553-3238.
Culture Camp is July 26 to August 1, 1998 at Peter's Pasture.
For more information, contact
your County Extension Office.
Youth worker shares
perspective
Hello my name is Lydell Suppah. I'm
working for OSU Extension for the sum
mer. . I expect to learn everything I need to
know all about being a Livestock Agent,
and more. I'm just about done with my first
week of work and it's not bad after all. I
have already learned how to change pipes
for irrigation, and how to do "life math,"
like how many cows I have to sell to be able
to buy hay for the winter. I'm learning
about different tools that are used for farm
ing and cattle ranching.
After I'm done with summer work pro
gram I will report back to you and give you
feedback of what I did and learned. So I
must stop writing now, but I will get back
to you.
Signed
Lydell Suppah
STOCKMAN'S ROUNDUP: Book confronts controversy-
s? 4
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
Cattle ranchers and environmental
ists should considerjoining forces rather
than fighting each other. Meat produc
ers had better start taking vegetarians
seriously. And students who plan to
pursue careers in livestock production
should listen to animal rights activists.
Those are among the assertions in a
new edition of a textbook by Peter
Cheeke, a 30-year veteran of Oregon
State University's Department of Ani
mal Sciences.
In the second edition of his 1 993 text,
which was titled "Impacts of Livestock
Production on Society, Diet-Health and
Environment," the OSU professor calls
on colleagues, students and practitio
ners in animal agriculture to examine
the ethics and practicality of mass pro
duction of meat The new title is "Con
temporary Issues in Animal Agricul
ture." The book's purpose, Cheeke said, is
to involve more animal agriculture stu
dents and professionals in the debate
over society's use of animals for meat
and other products.
"Because I believe that public con
cern about the ethics of so-called factory
farming is a precipitating factor in caus
ing people to be turned off by modern
livestock production techniques, it is
appropriate to discuss intensive animal
agriculture," Cheeke writes.
The book takes a look at such topics
as: The establishment of huge swine
mega-farms producing as many as two
million pigs annually.
Industrial poultry corporations
which have amassed billions of dollars
while paying minimum wages to grow
ers and to line workers in the processing
plant
The global growth of massive live
stock raising operations.
Cheeke said he expects criticism of
the text from some in the animal agricul
ture community.
He and an OSU colleague, animal
science professor Steve Davis, who
teaches a course in agricultural issues
based on Cheeke's text, said they have
already come under fire from some col
leagues for views expressed in an article
they co-wrote and published in maga
zines and The Oregonian. The article
urged cattle ranchers and environmen
talists to consider pursuing common
goals such as opposing the industrializa
tion and globalization of animal agricul
ture, as well as the conversion of "cattle
ranches and wildlife habitat to condo
minium sites, summer homes, ski lodges,
and suburbs."
"Do we want to have our meat pro
vided by swine megafarms.chicken fac
tories and beef factories, located (per
haps overseas) where feed, water, labor
and waste disposal costs are lowest for
the shareholders of multinational food
companies?" Cheeke and Davis wrote
in the article.
"Is western cattle ranching destined
to the same fate as sheep ranchmgT"'
they asked. "One of the most positive
things that catde ranchers could do to
ensure their survival in the face of com
petition from industrial production of
animal protein is to make peace with
environmentalists.
"As the most vocal and committed
opponents of industrialized animal agri
culture and development of rural land,
they (environmentalists) may indeed be
among the ranchers' best friends."
The authors also suggested that ur
banization of the west will have far
greater negative environmental conse
quences than cattle ranching ever has or
will have.
"Swiss dairy farmers are subsidized
so that tourists can see Brown Swiss
cows on mountain meadows," they
wrote. "Subsidized grazing fees, though
often criticized, may be a small price to
pay for the preservation of rangelands
and wildlife habitat"
The next edition of Cheeke's text
urges persons interested in the future of
the animal agriculture industry to study
controversial issues as a matter of prac
tical survival. For example, he says, by
addressing "the hard questions" OSU
may prompt its agriculture students to
come up with answers.
Copies of the book are available from
Interstate Publishers, Inc., P.O. Box 50,
Danville, III. 61834-0050. Their tele
phone is (800) 843774.
have to buy what you need.
Borrow - This approach is especially
appropriate if it's something you don't
need very often. The library or other
public services offer items on loan.
Pack dates are printed on many food
packages and indicate the date the food
was packaged. These dates are some
times printed as a code rather than an
actual date. Look for them on canned
foods. If the storage area is cool, dark
and dry, canned food will maintain good
quality for at least a year.
Quality dates, such as "Better if used
Shore -Stretch those dollars by buy- hv Sentemher 1 998" are found nn nrrvi
ing in bulk and sharing with family, ucts sucn coid cereals d oeanut
friends, or neighbors,
Substitute -Be sure to think about
whether a lower priced item would do
the job just as well.
Use wisely -Make items last longer
by taking good care of them.
butter. These foods may lose their flavor
or develop an off-flavor if not consumed
before that date.
Pull dates, such as "Sell by August
15", are found on refrigerated foods
such as milk, yogurt, cottage cheese,
Find the best buy -Shop around eggs iunch meat d packaged salad
check catalogs and newspaper ads and
visit two or three stores.
Make it- Check prices for materials
and consider your skills and the time it
will take. The cost of materials should be
cheaper than the finished product. Un
finished or unusable homemade projects
don't save money.
Rent-Explore renting if you need
something only for a short time.
Trade or forter-Consider trading
services or things that you no longer
want. You may have things or skills that
may be of value to others.
-edited from NEWS, OSU exten
sion, May 1998
Proper food storage conserves qual
ity, prevents food poisoning
When refrigerators and cupboards
become storehouses for food that is past
its prime, both food quality and safety
become a concern. Spices can lose their
mixes. Grocers must remove these foods
from their shelves by the date listed. If
the food has been stored at the proper
temperature, it could still be safe for a
short time beyond the pull date.
Food Safety Tips
Don'tuse the food if there are signs of
spoilage such as a bad odor or mold.
Put a date on your own refrigerated
leftovers-a marking pen on freezer tape
(found in the food preservation section
of supermarkets) works well.
Throw out any protein-rich (meat,
fish or dairy) food that has been sitting
out at room temperature for a total of 2
3 hours.
Don't use smoked fish, cooked meat
dishes or homemade raw garlic in oil
that has been refrigerated for more than
3 weeks.
And remember... IF IN DOUBT,
THROW IT OUT!!
-edited from NewsTips, OSU Exten
sion Service, JuneJuly 1998
August
Garden hints from your OSU Extension Agent
Check apple maggot traps; spray if needed.
Make compost of lawn clippings and garden plants that are ready to be recycled
Control yellow jackets and wasps with traps and lures.
First week: spray for walnut husk fly.
First week: second spray of peach and prune trees for root borers.
First week: second spray of filbert trees for filbertworm.
Spray for root weevils in ornamental shrubs and flowers; codling moth and spider
mite in apple trees; scale insects in camellias, holly, maples.
Plant winter cover crops in vacant space around the vegetable garden; plant
winter kale, Brussels sprouts, turnips, parsnips, parsley, and Chinese cabbage.
Dampwood termites begin flying late this month. Make sure your home is free of
wet wood or places where wood and soil are in contact
Fall webworm webbing appears in ornamentals and shade trees; prune nests and
destroy, or spray with diazinon, Bacillus thuringiensis, or Orthcne.
Watch for com earworm on early corn treat as needed.
' Check lawns for chinch-bug presence andor damage.
1 Begin soil preparation for planting new lawn.
1 Fertilize cucumbers, summer squash, and broccoli, while harvesting to maintain
production.
Clean and fertilize strawberry beds.
Control caterpillars on leafy vegetables, as needed, with Bacillus thuringiensis or
rolenone.
1 For mite control on ornamentals and most vegetables, hose off foliage, spray with
miticide if necessary.
' Monitor garden irrigation closely so crops don't dry out
1 Use mulch to protect ornamentals and garden plants from hot weather damage.
' East of Cascades: check for tomato horn worm.
1 Mid-August to early September fertilize lawn for last time this growing season.
Western Oregon: mid-summer planting of peas; use enation-virus-resistant
varieties, plant fall crops of cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli.
Oregon coast: plant spinach.
Western valleys, Portland, Roseburg, Medford: plant cauliflower, broccoli,
Brussels sprouts, spinach, turnips, and parsnips.
Columbia and Snake River valleys, Ontario: plant Chinese cabbage, and endive.
Camellias need deep watering to develop flower buds for next spring.
Prune raspberries, boysenberries, and other canebcrries after harvest.
High elevations, central and eastern Oregon: prune away excess vegetation and
new blossoms on tomatoes after mid-August Concentrate on ripening set fruit
Coastal and western valleys: spray potatoes and tomatoes for early and late blight