8 June 4, 1998
Warm Springs, Oregon
SPILYAY TYMOO;
Forestry footnotes-
Silviculture and Forest Develop
ment Department
Hello, I'm John Arena the Silvi
culturist and head of the Silviculture
Forest Development Department.
W M K-l M
F M
DtMRTMMT or mim
MM mini MQUII MHHWTKM
Our responsibilities are twofold: first,
develop forest treatment plans for
timber stands and second, reforest
and monitor the plantations. Three
years ago, Silviculture and Forest
Development were two separate de
partments. They are now combined
as a result of the reorganization plan
for the Forestry Branch.
Silviculture is the art and science
of tree growing. It involves manage
ment of forests in stands and land
scapes to meet diverse needs and
values of the tribal public on a sus
tainable basis. We are managing the
forest for sustainable products
through tree harvesting and reforest
ing. Forest health and value are key
in our decision process. To do this
we develop plans (called silvicul
tural prescriptions) for each timber
stand. In the development of the tim
ber sale the prescription is one of the
first steps. The forester will locate
and walk through a specific stand
evaluating its condition and identi
fying which tree species (Douglas
fir, pondcrosa pinc.etc) are present,
their age, and if there are any insect
and disease problems. With this in
formation, prescriptions are written
following objectives or desired con
dition in accordance with Ordinance
74. Prescriptions include guidelines
for marking the trees for leave or
harvest. For example, when you see
an orange paint stripe on trees in the
forest that means it was specifically
left for a planned purpose.
Silvicultural prescriptions have
changed over the past several years.
Tribal member input at public meet
ings and timber tours have lead to
some of these changes. Some treat
ments are designed to reflect natural
disturbances such as fire. For ex
ample, healthy trees of all sizes are
not harvested and are being left in
groups or individually in harvest
blocks. Harvest blocks now contain
habitat clumps. In reforestation, two
to four different tree species are be
ing planted after harvest activities.
Treatments are also being designed
to stimulate huckleberry growth.
Besides formulating silvicultural
prescriptions, the Silviculture sec
tion also coordinates insect and dis
ease projects, such as dwarf mistle
toe control and the western spruce
budworm spray project when needed.
Treatments aimed at improving huck
leberry growth are also monitored
through Silviculture.
The Forest Development section
is responsible for insuring that har
vest areas are adequately reforested.
These reforested areas or plantations
are then monitored and maintained
until they are ready for a commercial
thin harvest.
The forest development process
begins with seed collected from se
lected trees on the Reservation. The
seed is sent to nurseries for produc
ing seedlings which are then planted
in the spring. Regeneration stocking
surveys monitor the survival and
growth of the plantation over the
next 6 to 10 years. These surveys
also monitor the movement of pocket
gophers and increase in competitive
brush which can cause severe dam
age or loss of the plantation. Once
the plantation has a sufficient num
ber of trees and at an acceptable
height, it is monitored for the best
time to remove some of the trees that
are competing with each other. This
removal is called precommercial thin
ning. Following the precommercial
thinning, the young plantation is left
to grow.
Forest Development is also re
sponsible for tree improvement and
post pole projects. Tree improve
ment maintains seed orchards of
western white pine, pondcrosa pine
and Douglas fir to provide the seed
for future plantations. The post pole
section locates and monitors the re
moval of small trees for post and
pole use by tribal members.
This is just a brief description of
the Forest Development section's
responsibilities. The next Forestry
Footnotes article will provide more
information about Forest Develop
ment. Below is a list of the employees
working in the Silviculture Forest
Development Department:
The Silviculture section has two
silviculture foresters, Matt Jimenez
and Mark Brown, and a forest health
technician, Leslie Bill. The Forest
Development section has: a refores
tation forester, Ron Petock; two for
estry technicians in stocking surveys,
Catherine Vigil and Robinson
Mitchell; a precommercial thinning
forester, Kevin Senderak; a forestry
technician for posts and poles, Vic
tor S witzler; a tree improvement for
ester, Larry Hanson; and a forestry
technician with tree improvement,
Tommy James.
Eagle Spirit Celebration
July 31 & August 1,2, 1998
White Swan Polo Grounds presents
Brother & Sister Candidates
it- fir, pi,y"
v fa -J'
mk'M4
,V
Diabetes Awareness Day set
The Warm Springs Diabetes Pro
gram will sponsor a Diabetes Aware
ness Day at Warm Springs Forest
Products on June 1 1 from 9 am. to 3
p.m. A booth will be set up for em
ployees to get their blood sugar and
blood pressure taken by a CHR. Sack
lunches will be provided and infor
mation on diabetes, exercise and nu
trition will be available.
Employees are encouraged to stop
by the booths during their breaks and
lunch hour. The Diabetes Program
staf f will give brief presentations on
the risks, as well as signs and symp
toms, of diabetes. They will also dis
cuss what can be done to prevent and
treat diabetes, and will answer any
questions you may have about diabe
tes. KWSO will broadcast live from
this event. Stop by to find out how we
can Stop Diabetes.
For more information, call the
Diabetes Program at 553-2478.
Holy Ghost Campmeeting
Warm Springs Reaching Out Full Gospel Church
Warm Springs, OR - :
June 15 to 23, 1998
Day services are 10 a.m. & 2 p.m.
Evening services begin at 7:00 p.m.
Expect miracles & change in your life.
John 10:9 1 am the door by me if any man
enter in, he shall be saved, and sliall go in
and out arJ find pasture.
Specie! Gir t Speakers.
Camping on the grour.u ,-brinp- your own tents.
Come with your instruments, songs & testimonies
everyone is welcome!! Meals provided.
Pastor Ernest Hunt (541) 553-6316
Motels available in Kahneeta & Madras area.
LeAnthony Joseph Minthorn (Little Brave) 9 years old,
- 1 1 a
mo. graae-wapato inter, bchool
Parents: Tonia Polk & Dion Minthorn
. Maternal Grandparents:
Gloria & Fred Queahpama
Paternal Grandparents
Marcia & Ricky Minthorn
Tavia Lanette Polk (Little Jr. Princess) 6 years old,
Kindergarten-Wapato Inter. School
Parents: Tonia Polk & Memo Cardenas
Maternal Grandparents:
Gloria & Fred Queahpama
Paternal Grandparents:
Adela Cardenas & Guillermo Campos
Hobbies: Both enjoy dancing at powwows,
1910 Shaker Church, Washat & Medicine Dances.
Traveling & spending time with
Grandma & mom and going to school
Look for local family members selling tickets.
. v
.
Forty proven things essential to every
young person's success &
It's more than common sense national and local
research prove that the 40 everyday things help
young people to succeed. They re the things that
really matter in a young person s life. Any one of
us can help young people succeed, if we just take
the time.
Young people need support in every part of
their lives.
1. Family support. Young people have a
family that loves and supports them.
r ositave family communication. Young
20. Time at home. Young people have a
balance of time at home with their family,
structured activities and hanjnng out with
their friends.
Young people need to act on the belief that
learning is important
21. Achievement motivation. Young people
try to do their best in school.
22. School engagement. Young people are
enthusiastic about learning andf come to
school prepared.
people talk things over with their parents and 23. Homework. Young people spend at least
are willing to get and give advice.
Other adult relationships. Young people
have at least three other adults in their lives
giving them support in addition to their
parent(s).
4. Caring neighborhood. Young people have
the care and support ot people who live
nearby.
one hour per day completing homework.
24. Bonding to school. Young people care
about their school.
25. Reading for pleasure. Young people enjoy
reading on their own tor at least three hours
per week.
Young people need to be self-directed by
strong moral values
5. Caring school climate. People at school care 26. Caring. Young people feel that it is
about each other and help each other succeed, important to help others and make the world
Parent involvement in schooling. Parents
involve themselves at home and at school in
helping their children succeed.
Youth people need to know that our
community believes they are important.
Community values youth. Young people
know they are valued by adults in their
community.
8. Youth as resources. Young people serve
useful roles in their school, family and
community.
Service to others. Young people volunteer
one hour or more per week to help others.
10. Safety. Young people feel safe in their
home, school and neighborhood.
Youth people need rules for success and
help in following them
a better place.
27. Equality and social justice. Young people
believe in fairness and equality and are
committed to social justice.
28. Integrity. Young people do what they
believe is right.
29. Honesty. Young people tell the truth
even when it is not easy.
30. Responsibility. Young people are
responsible for doing the right thing and
owning up to their mistakes.
31. Restraint. Young people believe it is
important for teenagers to abstain from sex
and from using alcohol and other drugs.
Young people need lots of everyday social
skills.
32. Planning and decision-making. Young
11. Family boundaries. Families set clear rules people are good at planning: ahead and
and consequences, and know where their thinking about consequences before they act.
children are and what they do. 33. Interpersonal competence. Young people
12. bchool boundaries. Schools set clear rules are cood at making: and being friends.
and provide consequences for breaking them. 34. Cultural competence. Young people know
3. Neighborhood boundaries. Neighbors
share with parents the responsibility for
monitoring young people s behavior.
4. Adult role models, rarents and other
adults set good examples for young people.
5. Positive peer intluence. Young people
have friends who set good examples.
6. High expectations, rarents and teachers
push young people to reach their full
potential.
Young people need to invest their time in
activities that help them grow.
Creative activities. Young people are
involved in music, theater or other arts at least
three hours per week.
8. Youth programs. Young people are
involved in sports, clubs or organizations at
east three hours per week.
Religious community. Young people are
involved in spiritual growth.
and respect people of different racial and
cultural backgrounds.
35. Resistance skills. Young people can
effectively say no to the things that might
harm them.
36. Peaceful conflict resolution. Young people
can resolve conflicts without violence.
Young people need to feel their strength and
purpose guiding them to the future
37. Personal power. Young people believe that
they have control over the direction of their
life.
38. Self-esteem. Young people feel good about
who they are.
39. Sense of purpose. Young people believe
that their life has a purpose.
40. Positive view of personal future. Young
people are hopeful and confident about their
future.
Reprinted with permission
v'f - ( f jvj'J d .i .ii ' -' l
l ; i , , '", AA 9 : mmun.-,:mmW'f:ir''i f
( i , j. , . . ; I Vf 1 1 n L . J-4. .... J
J 05 rrrrrsri ! , j
r . . ! A vn
L. ' :. xJ ' u LJ: ,v
May 27 the Senior's gathered to walk for Senior Health & Fitness Day from the Community
Center to the Agency Longhouse. An elder abuse conference was then held after a light snack.
CRITFC's Strong: Statement "simply a lie"
"The Northwest Power Planning
Council (NPPC) should know better
than to put out such enoneous and
misleading information," said Ted
Strong, Executive Director of the
Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish
Commission. Strong was referring
to a letter from NPPC Chairman John
Etchart to the House Subcommittee
on Commerce, Justice and State, the
Judiciary, and Related Agencies,
Committee on Appropriations. The
NPPC letter endorsed a request for
funding of Mitchell Act hatchery
production. Italsostated: "...Mitchell
Act hatcheries and funds support
treaty trust responsibilities associ
ated with Columbia River Indian
tribes. Nearly 75 percent of the fund
ing and 80 percent of the production
funded by the Mitchell Act support
Indian fisheries above Bonneville
Dam."
In a May 22, 1998 letter from
CRITFC to Representative Rogers,
Strong wrote of the NPPC claim,
"The statement is simply a lie. These
types of misleading statements per
meate and undermine implementa
tion of regional salmon recovery ef
forts, as well as create and perpetuate
prejudices against Indian people."
The Mitchell Act was passed in
1938, authorizing mitigation for the
impact of development, particularly
hydropower development, in the
Columbia River basin. It became the
authorizing legislation for many of
the hatcheries built or operated in the
Columbia basin. As federal and state
fish agencies developed the Mitchell
Act hatchery program in the 1950s
and 1 960s, they located all but two of
the facilities downstream from The
Dalles Dam. The traditional Indian
fishery had been at Celilo Falls. In
1957, the falls were inundated as
water backed up and formed the res
ervoir behind The Dalles Dam. Cur
rently, more than 90 percent of all
Mitchell Act artificial salmon pro
duction occurs below The Dalles
Dam.
By agreement, tribal fisheries take
place between Bonneville and
McNary dams. Still, about 55 per
cent of artificial salmon production
funded by or taking place at Mitchell
Act facilities occurs downstream of
Bonneville Dam. Half of the upstream
production is of tule fall chinook in
the Bonneville reservoir whose pri
mary purpose is to support a Cana
dian fishery off the West Coast of
Vancouver Island and US ocean fish
eries off the Washington and north
ern Oregon coasts. While tribal fish
ers do catch tules produced at hatch
eries near the Bonneville reservoir,
tules are the least valuable of the
salmon, both commercially and for
subsistence uses.
"The Mitchell Act hatchery sys
tem was developed in a way that
willfully discriminated against In
dian fishers," said Strong. "Distort
ing the statistics to support the status
quo operation of this system is very
offensive to me personally, and to
Indian people of the Columbia
River."
Strong's letter also noted that
implementation of the Mitchell Act
has been carried out contrary to the
will of Congress since 1 982. "In suc
cessive years, specifically in 1982,
1991, 1992 and 1993, the Senate
Appropriations and Conference Re
ports included language stating:
Pursuant to the original intent of
the Mitchell Act, it is the intention of
the Committee that the hatcheries
currently rearing or releasing fish at
or below Bonneville Dam include a
program i fiscal year ..... to release
fish above the dams to rebuild upri ver
natural runs.
"Contrary to this direction, the
actual Mitchell Act releases to re- i
build natural runs amount to only 7
percent despite the fact that the de
cline of naturally spawning runs has
led ESA listings of Columbia River
chinook, steelhead and sockeye.
"Upon the initiation of the North
west Power Planning Council's study
of Columbia Basin hatcheries the
Commission was asked to comment
At that time we stated that the report
might 'simply serve as a pretext to
maintain the status quo for another
year...' In light of the false and mis
leading statements contained in Mr.
Etchart's letter, our fear is being ful
filled." Copies of the letter to Representa
tive Rogers from Etchart and Strong
are available upon request to the
CRITFC at (503)238-0667.