Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
June 20, 1996 11
Arlene Boileau Bob Pawelek
4-H St Youth Livestock
Clint Jacks
Staff Chair, Madras
.GXTBJSJON
SGWK36
Norma Simpson
Home Economics
Sue Ryan
4-H Assistant
(503) 553-3238
The Oregon State University Extension Service staff Is devoted to extending research-based Information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs .
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States .';
Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exension Service offers Its programs
and materials equally to all people.
The Clover Speaks-
by Sue Ryan
Sunshine and blue skies must mean
summertime has arrived ! And, along with
summer come the annual county fairs. Here
are the fair dates and themes for our local
area. Wasco County Fair- Tygh Valley July
1 5th-1 8th Theme "A County United", Crook
County Fair- Prine villc July 1 7th-2 1 st Theme
"Desert Dreams & Blue Jeans", Jefferson
County Fair -Madras July 22nd-27th Theme
"Kid's, Crops, & Dreams", Deschutes County
Fair-Redmond July 3 1st-August 4th Theme
"On the Runway to Fun", and Oregon State
Fair-Salem August 22nd-Scptember 3rd
Theme "Time to Act Your Age".
Fair Time means registration time for
4-H'ers. Enrolled 4-H'ers in Jefferson County
can exhibit at Fair in their project area or
through Summer Skill Builders. The Skill
Builders series offers all 4-H'ers the
opportunity to broaden thcirexpcricnces and
explore new ideas. This year there are 4
categories available to any 4-H'er, regardless
of project area. These are Create Your
Wardrobe, Brown Bag Lunch, Presentations,
and Beef Ambassadors. Registration forms
are available at the Warm Springs Extension
office and 4-H'ers must be signed up for
Skill Builders or fair exhibits by June 28th.
The Warm Springs Extension office is
also now accepting applications for the 1 996
4-H Wilderness Enrichment Camp at Trout
Lake. There are forms here at the office. You
have until July 26th to register, but the sooner
you sign-up the better since there is a limit of
40 campers per session. This year there will
be two sessions at Trout Lake. Session One
runs from August 3rd-6th and is for campers
who have completed Grades 2nd, 3rd 4th &
5th. Session Two will be held from August
7th-11th and is for campers who have
completed Grades 6th, 7th, 8th & 9th. One
reason the camp was split into two sessions
was to make it more age & ability relevant for
the kids. Both sessions will have a variety of
nature activities, hiking, crafts, and more.
Both Arlene and I would like to remind
parents to pay close attention to the equipment
list for campers to make sure your child is
well provided for at camp. This means to
include enough warm clothing along with
shorts and T-shirts, because the Trout Lake
area can cool down alot in the evening hours.
A warm enough sleeping bag is another vital
item to have at camp.
Before the 4-H camp at Trout Lake can
even happen, there is a lot of work done first.
Right now the 4-H staff are readying all of
the plans to be in place- including a daily
schedule, the special activities, contacting
staff, meeting with our camp committee to
review documents such as the risk
management plan and menu. Our committee
will preview the area with a field day tour in
July, and our 4-H staff will be pre-hiking
trails in the area this month and the next to
ensure that the trails are clear & safe for
campers to hike. A thank-you at this time to
Terry Luther and his staff in the tribal Natural
Resources department for their help.
Now, for our camping focus this issue we
turn to the question of footwear. You may not
think about what you have on your feet on a
daily basis, but especially when you spend a
lot of time out and about in the woods its
important to have the correct gear. The
following comes from "Take a New Bearing"
by Phyllis M. Ford.
In nearly all outdoor activities, the most
important part of your body is your feet,
which must carry you to and from your
destination.(If you're canoeing, your feet
must carry you away from the river if the
canoe is damaged.) Your feet must carry
your weight plus the weight of your pack or
load. You may encounter rough spots, stones,
sand, brambles, and many other things that
you won't want to step on without
comfortable shoes beneath your feet.
You should start out with clean feet and
trimmed toenails;long toenails will rub
against the ends of your shoes. When this
happens, the shoes don't move, but the
toenails do. With each step and thrust against
the shoe, long nails go backward into the toe
until the toenails become bruised and
blackened;eventually, they may even fall
off.
Also consider conditioning your feet.
Make certain that your feet are familiar with
your shoes and with walking. Walk, wearing
the shoes or boots in which you' II be hiking.
If you're going to have blisters or any
discomfort, it's important to have that
experience and to solve that problem before
you hit the trail.
Breaking in your shoes or boots can begin
with wearing them around the house for a
week or so while you do household chores
and yardwork. The heat from your feet helps
form the boots to your feet, alleviating any
hot spots or the beginnings of a blister.
Stop any pain before it gets worse, either
at home or on the trail. Take off your boots or
shoes, prop up your feet, and relax. Pad the
sore spot with a bandage or moleskin so that
your skin doesn't continued to be rubbed.
Leaders should be sure that participants
follow this advice. If they don't, everyone
will be sorry later, and the one whose feet are
sorest will have the least fun.
Next, consider how well your shoes or
boots support your feet and ankles. Shoes
will assume part of the responsibility for
bearing your weight, so they must be sturdy
enough to do the job. Athletic shoes,
particularly ones with thick, rigid soles, may
be fine for short trips on fairly soft and even
ground. High-top athletic shoes may be even
better forthe same situations. Shoes marketed
as walking shoes are usually good for short
trips and light loads, whereas shoes marketed
for aerobics have almost the opposite features.
Aerobic shoes usually have very flexible
soles, designed for easy movement, rather
than stiff soles that will bear your load for an
entire day.
For an overnight trip, you'll probably
want to take an old pair of lightweight athletic
shoes to use for wading or just walking
around the campsite. These shoes will give
your feet a rest after a day in heavy hiking
shoes. For traveling long distances or over
rocky, hilly, or snowy terrain, you may need
a pair of hiking boots. Heavy boots are
necessary for hikers above 5,000 feet in the
Rockies, Cascades, Sierras, and other
mountain ranges.
In summary, consider the activities and
terrain before you select your own footwear
or recommend any to other people. Find out
what is recommended for your area and
intended use by asking skilled hikers,
knowledgeable leaders, and sporting goods
store personnel. Beware of any salesperson
who just wants to sell you something. Don't
buy the most expensive boots until you're
sure that you'll use them enough to warrant
the expense before you outgrow them. When
you try on a pair of boots, wear two pairs of
the kind of socks that you plan to wear on the
trail. A thin innet pair should wick the
perspiration away to the outside socks, and
the outside pair serves as an insulator and
cushion. The outside socks also catch most
of the dust, mud, and debris of the trail,
keeping it away from the inner socks and the
feet.
Removing pesticides from clothing
requires special procedures
by JoAnn Kock and Ardis Koester
This morning a tribal member in Warm
Springs called to ask me to put more topics
for Men in my stories. Perhaps this will be a
start.
Whether you are applying pesticides
commercially or fight the bugs in your garden,
always clean the clothes you are wearing as
soon as you finish with the job. And if you
clothes get wet with pesticides, they should
be changed immediately.
The best way to reduce exposure to
pesticides is to follow the rules for handling
pesticides and to launderclothing worn while
applying the chemicals. Ardis Koester, OSU
Extension textiles and clothing specialist
recommends the following laundering
procedure:
Discard clothing the becomes
completely saturated with highly toxic or
concentrated pesticides marked "Danger" on
the label. Be sure to handle the contaminated
clothing with rubber gloves.
Also handles less-contaminated
clothing with rubber gloves. Keep these
clothes separate from other laundry. Put them
in a disposable container such as a cardboard
box lined with a plastic garbage bag it you
cannotclean them immediately. Plan to lander
them as soon as possible.
Wash pesticide contaminated clothing
separately from regular laundry. Only
clothing contaminated with the same pesticide
should be washed in the same load.
Use a prcsoak product or rinse the
clothes before washing. This will remove of
the pesticide and reduce the contamination
of the washing machine.
Wash only a few pieces of clothing at
a time and use the fill amount of water and
detergent for best results.
Use a normal washer cycle of 12 to 14
minutes with hot water because cold water is
not effective. Use two rinses or a second
cycle without detergent. The rinse water may
be cold.
A heavy-duty liquid detergent works
best on emulsified pesticide concentrates.
Line Dry clothes to avoid contaminating
your dryer.
After you have washed
pesticide-contaminated clothes, run the empty
machine on a normal cycle with hot water
and detergent to remove any clinging residue
that would contaminate other clothing.
Repack your bag(s) before vacation
by Norma L. Simpson
Here's some advice that should give you
some peace of mind while you are on vacation.
As part of the preparations for the trip, take
time to review the contents of your billfold.
You will be surprised at how many things
you carry in your billfold or purse that you
don' t need while traveling and that you would
hate to lose. A little time spent on these
precautions will lessen the crisis if your purse
or billfold are lost or stolen.
First, weigh your purse or wallet. You
will be able to see how much stuff you
normally cram into such a small amount of
space.
Second, remove items that you need such
as extra credit cards and cherished photos.
And think about items that ought to be added
- such as a copy of your eyeglass prescription,
medical prescriptions, phone numbers for
your doctors and health insurance card. If
you don't have a tiny pocket knife, you can
find some reasonably cost small pocket knifes
complete with scissors, tweezers, toothpick
and fingernail file and blade.
Make a record of all the items and
documents you will be carrying in your
billfold or purse - driver's license, credit
cards, traveler's check information. If there
is information on the backs of cards, turn
Cockroach control information available at OSU Extension-
by Norma L. Simpson
This morning a tribal member brought in
a partially smashed insect for identification.
Judging from the remains, the Cockroach is
a Brownbanded Cockroach, 12 to 58 inch
long. Both sexes have a light yellow or pale
brown band that runs across the base of the
wings and another broken band a third of the
distance from the base.
The male brownbanded cockroach has
wings that cover the abdomen section
completely. The female cockroach has short
wings that never cover all the abdomen.
Brownbanded Cockroaches live from
three to eleven months. During her lifetime,
a female may produce 1 0-20 egg cases which
contain about 16 eggs. They are more apt to
be found in private residences than in
commercial buildings. They prefer to hide in
warm, elevated areas near the ceiling, behind
the wall decorations and loose wallpaper, in
closets, beneath or inside upholstered
furniture and in electric appliances such as
television sets, stereos and toasters (gag!).
Some cockroaches love to eat toothpaste left
in the toothbrush. (Double gag.!)
THREE TYPES OF COCKROACHES
There are three other types of cockroaches.
The largest in Northwest, the American
Cockroach is 1 12 inches long,
reddish-brown to brown and has a light yellow
or tan brown around the shield behind the
head. Both have well developed wings and
can fly
Almost as large is the Oriental
Cockroach, 1 14 inch long, uniformly
glossy dark brown to black. Neither sex
fly. Oriental cockroaches feed on a wide
range of decaying organic matter and has the
reputation of being the filthiest of the
household infesting species. Outdoors these
insects are found in cool moist habitats such
as decaying leaves or mulching materials, in
trash and garbage piles, in municipal sewer
systems. At the onset of fall, these critters
have mass migration into buildings.
The most common cockroach in the
Northwest is the German Cockroach, about
12 inch long, and is found in homes
apartments, restaurants, hospitals and other
buildings were food is stored, prepared or
served. The stripes on the head are one way
to tell the species apart. In April, these was a
report of a major infestation in south central
Oregon counties. Perhaps it is our turn.
COCKROACH CONTROLS
Obviously it is important to begin
cockroach control as early as possible after
you see the first insect. No one insecticide is
best by various combinations can be effective.
Regardless of the insecticide selected, a
chemical applied to areas where cockroaches
hide during the day or regularly travel at
night will kill more individuals than a
chemical applied to areas which seldom
frequent. Retreatment is are usually needed.
Residua sprays, oil-based or water-based
sprays, are applied to spots or cracks or
crevices. Oil-based sprays should be used
Stockman's Roundup Grazing management critical
by Bob Pawelek-OSU
Livestock Agent
in
In recent years, livestock grazing
riparian zones has generated a great deal of
interest andcontroversy. Generally, livestock
grazing can occur in riparian zones while
streams are improving, but proper
management is critical.
Resource managers must thoroughly
understand the relationship between the
natural stress in the individual stream systems
and the management stress of various grazing
strategies before prescribing solutions
(Elmore 1992). Physical characteristics of
stream systems are important: gradient, size
and kind of rock, depth to bedrock, and type
of soil. They are the factors that determine
whether or not a stream and its associated
riparian zone have the potential to respond to
management.
Some stream systems have a relatively
low potential for change, others have a much
higher potential for change (Buckhouse and
Elmore 1993). For example, a steep, stable,
rock-lined riparian zone has very little
potential to erode or to trap sediments, even
if sediments are in the water. Conversely, a
low-gradient stream that is erosive and carries
high sediment loads has both the positive as
well as the negative potential to change. A
point that Buckhouse and Elmore (1993)
emphasize is:
"No two stream systems are alike each
one has its own level of ability to withstand
natural andor management-induced
stresses."
A grazing prescription must be specific to
the stream system and its associated riparian
zone and to management objectives.
Many riparian zones have, or could have,
a mixture of herbaceous and deciduous woody
vegetation. The herbaceous component -grasses,
sedges and rushes - is important for
trapping sediments, where they are a factor,
and for holding the soil together with their
extensive fibrous root systems during flood
events. Grazing management should promote
herbaceous plant vigor and allow for
sufficient above-ground biomass and cover
to trap sediments and protect the soil surface
during peak flows.
Maintaining or improving the woody
vegetation - alder, willow, hawthorn - is
appropriate to the site. Grazing in the early
part of" the growing season doesn't generally
harm woody production, as long as
herbaceous plant are abundant and growing
actively. Cattle prefer green herbaceous
vegetation to woody browse. Grazing during
other times of the year may also be possible
without harm to the woody vegetation.
It is important, however, to know when
grazing animals change from herbaceous to
woody vegetation in order to design an
appropriate grazing prescription.
Juniper ecology
field day
scheduled
A field day and management workshop
will be held July 25 at Klamath Falls.
The intended audience includes
landowners, natural resources staff and
Extension agents. The program is intended
to introduce participants to the ecology and
management of Western Juniper in Eastern
Oregon, Northern California and Nevada
rangeland ecosystems.
The workshop will be held in the field.
Topics covered will likely include biology
and basic physiology of Western Juniper;
historic landscapes and present situation;
disturbance and successional pathways;
hydrologic responses in watersheds
dominated by Western Juniper; wildlife
values; treatments and post-treatment
management including grazing; and Western
Juniper use for wood products.
For further information, contact Bob
Pawelek at the OSU Extension office,
553-3238.
with care. They damage surfaces such ad tile,
linoleum, painted surfaces, certain plastics,
houseplants and rubber backing on carpet.
Non-residual sprays are most useful for
finding the locations and size of cockroach
infestations. They are sold in pressurized
containers. They often drive the live insects
from their hiding places, so need to be used
with other treatments such as dust treatments.
Dusts are useful because they may be
placed deep into cracks and crevices. Dusts
usually provide longer residual control but
become ineffective in wet locations.
Traps are effective ways to reduce
cockroach populations, especially when used
along with preventive and insecticidal
measures for Brownbanded and German
cockroaches. Many traps have deadline dates
which indicate how long they will be effective
and when to replace them.
Precautions
Do Not eat or smoke during or after
insecticide applications without first
washing hands and face. All insecticides are
poisonous and can be harmful to humans and
animals. Remove aquariums, birds, cats, dogs
and other pets and their food and water dishes
before applying insecticides. Keep children
and pets off sprayed surfaces until dry.
For a complete list of the precautions and
details, ask for PNW booklet
COCKROACHES: Identification, Biology
and Control, at the OSU-Warm Springs
Extension Office, telephone 553-3238.
them over and photocopy the other side as
well. The record should list the credit card
numbers and where to call if the cards are lost
or stolen.
If you plan to go by airlines, be sure to
make a list of the contents and value in your
suitcases. If the suitcases are lost, you can
only be covered to a certain amount for each
suitcase (about $650 including the cost of the
suitcase). Be smart and buy an extra insurance
policy to cover the amount beyond the $650
to make up the difference. For example if you
are checking cam corders or cameras, or
jewelry, your suitcases and contents may
value into the thousands of dollars. Extra
insurance will cost you about $30 for a week.
When the record is complete, make two
copies, one for a friend or relative at home
and one to take with you. If you are traveling
with someone, carry each other' s information.
If you re traveling alone, carry it someplace
other than in your billfold or purse.
Items to add to your purse or wallet: If you
plan to walk mor than usual, several small
bandages for the blisters and cuts that you get
as you travel. If your trip will be to a dirty out
of the way place, take along a small tube of
medicated antiseptic ointment for cuts and
cold sores. You won ' t regret that extra weight
when the going gets rough. If you are diabetic,
remember to have some sweets when you
can't eat on time.
Take out the extra things from your office
- pencils, sticky and masking tape, old name
tags, and old reimbursable receipts.
Booklet available
by Norma L. Simpson
In May, the Oregon Geriatric Education
released a new booklet about "Urinary
Incontinence in Adults." The surprise on
page 1 is that "urinary incontinence is not
a natural part of aging and can be caused by
many physical conditions." Many causes of
incontinence are temporary and can be
managed with simple treatment. Others
conditions are not temporary except by special
treatment.
The advantage of the booklet is learn the
types of incontinence - urge, stress, overflow
and the types of treatment that can solve the
problem. The booklet briefly explains the
tests that will locate the causes of the
incontinence.
When I called Jan Hare, the OSU Extension
Family and Adult Development Specialist,
about the publication, she said there is a
version in Spanish. So if you have contacts
who read only Spanish, I can order copies of
it as well. Hare also said there are other
related health booklets on stoke, depression,
pressure sores, managing cancer pain,
mammography and other topics.
When the free booklets come, you can
find copies of the booklet in the rack outside
my office door on the main floor in the
Education Center on Wasco Street.
Tips offered for garbage management
Managing the garbage in and around your
home is an important way to control odors.
At the same time, you'll reduce the chance of
attracting insects and rodents into your home.
You'll need these basic supplies:
Waterproof trash
containers andor plastic liner
bags
Paper bags or boxes
Dishwashing detergent
Rags or a sponge
Follow these steps for
managing garbage in and
around your home:
1. Contain moisture. Use a
plastic, metal, orglass container,
or line a container with a plastic
bag to hold wet garbage. If you
collect fruit and vegetable
scraps for composting, use a
covered container so that fruit
flies won't be attracted to your
kitchen.
2. Control odors. Remove
likely sources of odors daily
from inside the house.
3. Put all waste in containers.
You may have some rooms
where all the trash is dry. A
paper bag or box will work for dry trash.
4. Remove all garbage to outside
containers at least once a week. Protect
outside garbage containers from rodents,
dogs, and wildlife.
If mAemMm
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