Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
February 29, 1996
Arlcne Boilcau Bob Pawelek
4-1 1 St Youth . Livestock
Clint Jacks
OMOHN fliVt UMMRT
eoeisjoN
Staff Chair, Madras
Sue Ryan
4-H Assistant
50W1C6
Norma Simpson
I lome Economics
(503) 553-3238
The Oregon State University Extension Service staff is devoted to extending research-based information from OSU to the people of Warm Springs , v
In agriculture, home economics, 4-H youth, forestry, community development, energy and extension sea grant program with OSU, United States '",. ;
oepanmeni 01 Agriculture, Jerterson county ana tne tontederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exenslon Service offers Its programs ,,.
nd materials equally to all people.
The Clover Speaks-
by Sue Ryan
Warm Springs 4-H Program Assistant
The profile scries on 4-H clubs vill re
sume in the next edition of Spilyay Tymoo.
But, this issue the Wurm Springs 4-H staff
have a number of activities coming up that
we'd like to share with the community.
4-H Natural Science Family Day
This program is a day long event set for
Saturday, March 23rd ut the Oregon 4-H
Conference and Education Center near Salem.
Families arc encouraged to sign-up by March
1 st. This education event is open to both non-4-H
and 4-H family. Families will participate
in (heir choice of four 50 minute hands-on
classes. Sessions will include: Bird Identifi
cation and Natural History, Bats: Masters of
the Night, Talk about Trees, Tide Pools and
Killer Whales, Indian Lore, Fishing and
Planning A Family Fishing Outing, Archery:
A Bull's Eye for Everyone, An Introduction
to Wildlife, and Llearn about Llamas ! There
is a registration cost of $6.25 per person. This
fee covers classes, supplies, insurance, and
lunch. 4-H Natural Science Family Day is
designed as a family program, which means
that children age 9 and under must be accom
panied by a registered adult. For registration
forms, call the Warm Springs 4-H office
553-3238.
Trl-County Camp Counselor
Training
The opportunity is available for 8th
through 12 grade students to become camp
counselors this summer at Crystal Springs,
near Prinevillc. Even though Tri-County
camp won't be held until June I7th-22nd, if
youth want to be a counselor they must apply
by March 22nd. Forms can be picked up from
the Warm Springs 4-H office in the Educa
tion Center. Candidates must fill out the
application, submit two references, and attend
one of two trainings. The Warm Springs 4-H
office will pay for the training cost for any
Warm Springs youth interested in being a
Tri-County catnn counselor.
Wetland Wonders
Wetland Wonders is the title of a new
water quality education program sponsored
by Oregon 4-H and made available to 4th and
5th grade classrooms. Students are introduced
to the water cycle, watersheds, ground water,
soils, wetland plants and animals; find out
how water is used in their homes; and spend
a day investigating the 4-H Center's Sawmill
Pond wetland area. In the final lesson, students
write articles for a class newsletter to share
their knowledge of wetlands with school
mates and parents.
The major educational objective of Wet
land Wonders is to teach youth about the
value and function of the wetlands so that
they will better understand their own re
sponsibility in protecting Oregon's valuable
water resources.
Wetland Wonders is being used in Warm
Springs and Madras by the Jefferson County
S.M.I.L.E. group's for February and March.
If you have a group interested in the Wetland
Wonders curriculum, call Warm Springs 4
H at 553-3238.
Growing with 4-H Community
Service Gardening Project
Chevron USA and the Oregon 4-H Foun
dation have provided a $5,000 grant to
sponsor ten community service 4-H garden
projects to be completed during 1996. Ten
Scholarships available....
Governor's School set for June, July
The Warm Springs 4-H office received
the following information on this opportu
nity for youth from the Jefferson County
Commission on Children and Families. There
are scholarships available to those interested
in attending this events - - .-
The Oregon Governor's School is very
different from school as you know it. The
Oregon Governor's School is a private, non
profit, non-partisan organization, aimed at
developing leadership and citizenship among
the state's young people. The Governor's
School provides young people with a year
long, two phase introduction to leadership
development through a blend of practical
skills training, civic education, community
service, problem solving and adult mentoring.
The first phase of the year long program is
the Summer Institute which will be held from
June 23-July 12, 1996. Summer Institute
workshops focus on skill building in the
areas of critical thinking, problem-solving,
communication, negotiation, conflict man
agement, team-building and project devel
opment. Beyond civic education and skills, leader
ship requires self-knowledge and reflection.
Through a program of continuing self-as
sessment and expression, participants are
challenged to define their own ethical beliefs
and future commitments toward contempo
rary issues being faced.
After the summer program, students
commit to initiating Community Leadership
Projects in their community, and begin the
second phase of the program. This phase is
made up of regional groups called Youth
Initiatives which meet monthly to enable
participation in ongoing leadership training,
discussion of individual Community Lead
ership Projects, and involvement in group
community service projects.
Students have a variety of options in which
to apply what they have learned during the
Summer Institute by either designing their
own Community Leadership Projects or as
sisting and strengthening existing projects or
organizations of interest and concern to them.
The Governor's School seeks sixty high
school students who will be sophomores,
juniors and seniors in the 1996-97 school
year. Applications are due by March 20th.
Forms can be picked up at the Jefferson
County Commission on Children and Fami
lies office at 191 S.E. 5th Street in Madras.
For more information, call Diane Treadway
at 475-9426.
awards of $500 each will be made to clubs in
April. Applications must be turned in by
March 1 5th. The "Growing with 4-H grants"
may be used to purchase plants, seeds, soil
amendments, or any other materials neces
sary to complete their project. For grant
application forms, contact the Warm Springs
4-H office.
Summer Days
Summer Days will be held June 24-27 on
the O.S.U. campus in Corvallis. This pro
gram is for youth in grades 7 through 9.
Youth do not have to be in 4-H to attend
Summer Days. The program focuses on us
ing fun and innovative methods to teach
leadership skills and get kids interested in
community service projects. Participants
will slay at the College Inn, a dorm on the
OSU campus. Adult chapcrones are also
needed to attend along with the youth. Contact
OSU Extension at 553-3238 for more info.
Livestock projects bits-n-pleces
4-H'crs and FFA members taking a mar
ket steer to the Jefferson County Fair will
need to have their animals weighed and ear
tagged on or before March I st. Market weight
needs to be 1 000-1 400 lbs, and animals must
be less than 20 months of age by July 23rd to
compete in fair.
Changes have been made in the criteria
for carcass contest at Jefferson County Fair.
In past years, any weight of an animal was
acceptable. This meant a number of "unfin
ished" animals were entered. To improve
quality of contest carcass animals must now
meet the same guidelines as market animals.
Guidelines are: Hogs 230 to 280 lbs and less
than 8 months of age, Sheep 95 to 1 40 lbs and
less than 9 months of age, Steers 1000-1400
lbs and less than 20 months of age. Since
livestock contests for both FFA and 4-H
projects are open class at the Jefferson County
Fair, all animals must be identified and tagged
before June 1st.
SIGN-UP FOR 4-H
To sign-up for a 4-H club, you must fill
out an official 4-H registration form. Both
member and parent must sign the form. Once
this is completed, the form must be turned in
to the Warm Springs 4-H office so that we
can officially add you to our 4-H enrollment.
Clubs that have enrolled so far for the year
include: Warm Springs 4-H Search and
Rescue cadets, Warm Springs Rainbow
Dancers, Warm Springs Public Safety Cadets,
and Warm Springs Timberwolves basketball.
Other clubs that are meeting now need to turn
in their enrollment forms.
BE A 4-H LEADER
The Warm Springs 4-H office can always
use new volunteers to lead 4-H clubs. If you
are interested in any of the six program areas
of 4-H or have a unique idea for an inde
pendent style project contact Sue or Arlene
at 553-3238 to find out how to get started.
Snuff out the
use of chew
among young
people
Several years ago I watched a 1 6-ycar-old
athlete doing aTV interview from his hospital
bed. He did not live to be 17 years of age
because he was addicted to chewing tobacco.
He spoke with a raspy voice, urging
teenagers "not to get hooked on chew" like
he did. Since he was 14 he wanted to be like
his favorite baseball player who laterregrettcd
the impact of chewing tobacco on his fan.
I remembered that interview as though it
was yesterday. The kid looked so healthy,
except that he could no longer eat or drink
because the cancer was destroying his mouth
and throat.
I also remembered seeing a woman in
Papua New Guinea when I took a group of
home economics teachers on a hospital tour.
The woman had cancer of the throat, with
runny sores beneath her jaw. The nurses said
she had been in a lot of pain for the two weeks
in the hospital. She died several days later.
On Valentine's day these two memories
prompted me to follow-up the article about
smokeless tobacco and cancer in the Bend
Bulletin. It states that "health officials are
most concerned about increasing use of snuff
by children and young, adults. About 16 per
cent of 14-year-old boys in Oregon have
used smokeless tobacco, according to the
state Health Division. By age 18, the rate is
34 percent (of boys)."
Worse yet the advertising campaign and
"cherry flavoring" of stuff and free samples
are adding to the sales. While cigarette sales
arc falling by 1 percent a year, "chew" sales
have increased by 3 to 4 percent each year.
About 6 percent of adults use smokeless
tobacco. According to Se verson, "what we're
seeing are the results of very successful
marketing to young people."
"...while the higher nicotine levels in snuff
may make withdrawal more difficult, there
are almost no programs designed to help quit
chewing tobacco," noted Herb Scverson of
the Oregon Research Institute in Eugene. He
is enrolling volunteers all over the state in a
research program to find a successful way to
quit chewing. The volunteers must be 18
years of age and have had a daily snuff habit
or "chew" habit for at least a year and now
want to stop.
The telephone number of the Oregon
Research Institute is (541) 484-1519. As I
was finishing the story, I tried to call Severson.
Perhaps everyone is on flood clean up duty.
By the time you read this story we will have
more information from him about the project.
Photocopies of the complete Bulletin ar
ticle are one the wall and in the rack by our
OSUWarm Springs Extension office in the
Education Center (formerly known at the old
boys dorm).
OSU offers flood recovery publications
Our office at 1110 Wasco Street has the following information on Flood Disaster
recovery materials. The bad news is that recovery from floods may take you six months
to a year to get everything back in place, just to cope with drying soggy walls, floors and
foundations.
OSU specialists in Corvallis have sent us materials:
Flood Waters Contaminate Foods
Drinking Water for Emergency Use
When Power Fails - Check your Frozen Foods
Safe Drinking Water from Wells After Flood Events
How to Shock Chlorinate Your Well
Avoiding Water Damage to Homes: Remedies for Homeowners
Home Clean-up and Sanitation
Cleaning Clothing and Textiles After a Flood
Cleaning and Repairing Flooded Basements
Electrical Systems and Applications
Restoring Heating Systems After a Flood
Flood-Damaged Walls, Ceilings and Floors
Drying and Repairing Walls
Assisting and Repairing Leaky Roofs
Flood-damaged Furniture and Appliances
. . Flooded Private Sewage Systems
Caring for Important Papers
Ask Norma Simpson at OSUWarm Springs Extension for copies of those you need.
Call 553-3238 or stop by the office in the Education Center at 1 1 10 Wasco Street.
Honesty is proven key to effective leadership
Stockman's Roundup Interaction
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
A study in eastern Oregon is examing how
cows and salmon interact. Five livestock
exclosures along Catherine Creek were
anyway, so while the cow is in the chute, why
not treat her for worms, too?
The reason we de worm is simple. Intestinal
worms are parasites; and a lactating cow has
enough to do without a pesky worm com
peting with her for nutrition.
There is another reason a good stockman
treats his herd for worms - weight gains and
profit. For stocker calves, deworming can
enhance gains as much as a third of a pound
per day. For herd bulls, it helps keep them
healthy so they can do their jobs. For cows,
it frees up the digestive system and helps
them wean heavier calves. They can breed
back faster than non-treated animals.
These are all good reasons why we should
spend the extra cash for a good anthelmentic
dewormer.
Management of pastures is another aspect
of deworming. Depending on weather and
climate, pastures grazed in spring and then
again in the fall w ill have less risk for heavy
infection of parasites than pastures grazed
throughout the summer. Where possible, al
low cattle to graze the pasture for only one
period during the year. When deworming
with anthelmentics, move cattle to a clean
pasture right after treatment. This is impor
tant to avoid reinfestation.
Safe handling of meat
Some common sense reminders about how
we should be caring for the beef we cook:
1. Keep all meat refrigerated until ready
to use.
2. Raw meat and poultry should be thawed
in the refrigerator, or, if using a microwave,
on the lowest setting immediately before
cooking.
3. Keep meat separate from other foods
and working surfaces.
4. Utensils and hands should be washed
after touching raw meat.
5. Cook ground beef and poultry thor
oughly; juices should run clear.
6. Refrigerate leftovers immediately.
7. Keep kitchen area clean and disinfected.
Assistance available
for flood victims
Farmers and ranchers at Warm Springs
may be eligible for reimbursements up to
64 for damage or losses due to the flood.
Eligible items include washed fences, out
buildings, lost implements, crops and live
stock. As of this writing, the USDA does not
have the immediate funding for emergency
conservation reimbursements. However, it
has been requested.
If you have experience damage or prop
erty loss, contact the OSU Extension office
and speak with Bob Pawelek, 553-3238. You
will need a list of the property lost, as well as
any photos you may have taken of the dam
age. What happens next is this: An applica
tion for a "cost-share" must be filled out w ith
the USDA. Do not attempt to repair any
damages before the cost-share is applied for.
Based on Surveys of more than 15,000
people, which of these traits do you think was
selected as the key to effective leadership:
Being fair-minded ?
Being cooperative ?
Being honest ?
Being imaginative ?
If you guessed "honest", you get a high
mark. It scored far above any of the others in
a list of 20. In fact, the top four characteris
tics of admired leaders and the percentage of
people who selected them are:
Being honest - 87
Being forward-looking - 71
Being inspirational - 68
Being competent - 58
Honest people, say "Credibility" authors
James M. Kouzes and Barry Posner, have
credibility- and that's what gives leaders the
trust and confidence of their people.
High credibility leaders foster such things
as greater pride in the organization, a stron
ger spirit of cooperation and teamwork, and
more feelings of ownership and personal
responsibility.
What are some of the other characteristics
of credible leaders ?
They do what they say they will do.
They keep their promises and follow through
on their commitments.
Their actions are consistent with the
wishes of the people they lead. They have a
clear idea of what others value and what they
can do.
They believe in the inherent self-worth
of others. And they learn "how to discover
and communicate the shared values and vi
sions that can form a common ground on
which all can stand."
ence in the lives of others- and liberating the
leader in everyone.
They admit their mistakes. They real
ize that attempting to hide mistakes is much
more damaging and erodes credibility. But
when they admit to making a mistake, they
do something about it.
They arouse optimistic feelings and
enable their people to hold positive thoughts
about the possibilities of success.
They create a climate for learning
characterized by trust and openness.
Source: Credibility: How Leaders Gain
and Lose It, Why People Demand It, by
James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner.
Humidity could damage valuable papers
by Norma L. Simpson and OSU Archi
vists Elizabeth Nielsen and Larry
Landis
If your home wasn ' t flooded here in Warm
Springs, you still may have been where the
humidity was high enough to damage im
portant books or papers, photos or film. If it
starts raining again the weekend after I write
this story, we still may be in for damp
homes. Landis said, "The extra humidity
from all the water in the vicinity is enough to
trigger the growth of mold." The mold likes
the emulsion on the photos and the clay on
the glossy pages. A complete Fact Sheet
about salvaging documents and photographs
is available in the Education Center at the
OSUWarm Spring office.
Landis said "When wet materials can't be
dealt with immediately, stick them in the
freezer" in a clean plastic bag so you will not
contaminate the freezer with dirt or mud.
Freezing "will stop the deterioration of
the paper and, if it's a frost-free freezer, the
fan will pull the moisture right out of the
material. Essentially, you freeze-dry them."
When you thaw the frozen papers and
photos, handle them gently and as quickly as
possible to prevent the mold from becoming
active again.
Photographs are very fragile. Landis sug
gest rinsing off the mud with clear, clean
water, without wiping the surface of the
photographs. Place the clean photos face up
with on a flat absorbent paper towel. Avoid
using newspaper to absorb water because the
ink can run.
Be careful not to put photographs on top
of one another, said Nielsen. Ink on the back
of photos can run and cause more damage
than the moisture. The emulsion on the
photographs is sticky when wet and photos
can stick together.
If you have film negatives or motion
picture film they should be immediately
immersed in clean cold water and taken to a
film processing laboratory for treatment.
Despite precautions, sometimes mold does
form. OSU Archivist suggest copying moldy
documents and photographs so they are not a
total loss. When the damp conditions exist,
the mold will grow again from spores on the
paper.
Some foods could be contaminated by flood waters
r. .1 'l 1 i j i j : i i .i i i , ,
sun uniiNx miuuiu uc uiscaiucu, uic speiaai-
by Carolyn Raab. OSU Extension Foods
and Nutrition specialist
Food contamination may be a serious
problem for some Oregonians driven from
their flood-ravaged homes, experts say, be
cause flood water can carry silt, raw sewage,
oil in the ground, chemical waste and drain
age from barn yards.
According to Carolyn Raab, Oregon State
University Extension food and nutrition
specialist, filth and disease-causing bacteria
can contaminate any food the water contacts
and make the food unsafe to eat with the
exception of certain canned products, fresh
produce and other foods touched by flood
water should be discarded.
Raab said, "If flood water has covered or
dripped onto foods in cardboard, paper, foil,
cellophane or cloth packaging, they should
be discarded even if the contents seem dry.
This includes salt, cereals, pasta products,
rice and crackers. Other unsafe products
include jam or jelly sealed with paraffin and
containers with fitted lids such as cocoa or
baking powder. Even commercially bottled
ist said, if bottle caps are crusted with silt.
Submerged, unopened foods in jars with
cardboard lid liners, such as mayonnaise or
salad dressing, should be discarded, Raab
said. "Also discard jars of home-canned
food with broken seals." To check the seal,
remove ring and screw band and test the flat
lid with fingertips. If the lid lifts off easily,
discard the food (and the flat lid but keep the
jar for canning later if the jar is not chipped
or cracked.) .
Undamaged tin cans and sealed glass jars
may be salvaged. They must be sanitized for
safety before opening. Bacteria on the sur
faces may contaminate the foods. Remove
labels and re-label contents with a perma
nent marking pen. Wash in hot soapy water
with a scrub brush. Be sure to remove all silt.
The immerse scrubbed containers for five to
ten minutes in uncontaminated chlorinated
water (one teaspoon chlorine bleach per
quart of room temperature water or one
tablespoon per gallon). Raab said leaking,
bulging or rusted tin cans should also be
discarded.
Dish ware, utensils and cookware must be
disinfected as well. This can be done in the
dishwasher or by hand in a sink, clean bucket
or bathtub.
By hand, clean glass, china, porcelain and
plastic dinnerware and enamel ware in hot,
soapy water. Then Raab said, soak for five to
1 0 minutes in chlorinated water. Do not soak
silver plated or sterling silver in chlorine
solution because chemical reactions will
cause discoloration.
If you have a dishwasher, take apart any
item that can be cleaned in pieces (for
exampleremove handles from pots. Use a
long wash cycle with water of at least 140 F
and a heated drying cycle.
Soft, porous items saturated by floodwa
ter cannot be sanitized. They should be
discarded including nipples for baby
bottles, pacifiers, styrofoam and plastic pic
nic and paper dishes.
n