Warm Springs, Oregon
Spilyay Tymoo
8 July 6, 1995
The Clover
w
C.R (for a short lime) & Arlcne
Sign up for Warm Springs 4-H Wilder
ness Enrichment Camp now, registration arc
available now at the OSU Extension Office,
so SIGN UP NOW. Camp will be August 9
1 3 1 995 at Trout Lake. Cost $30.00 but JOM
paid $15.00 and Parent or Guardian pay $
15.00 this is due July 25, 1995. Deadline for
As We Grow Older Part 5: Older adults experience changes in major
by Norma L. Simpson
During the recent Inservicc Training at
Oregon State University, extension home
economics agents learned about changes in
our bodies as we grow older. Connie
Georgiou, OSU nutrition professor outlined
much of the research that we have needed for
years to help older people eat properly and
consider nutrient supplements when they are
needed.
As we tried to make the articles less tech
nical but more related to Warm Springs, the
articles got longer and longer, so to cover the
information as meaningfully as possible, the
series grew and grew. I hope that you find it
useful to your important task with elders in
vour home. I am pleased that a number of
people have talked to me about the articles
since Spilyay started this series about grow
ing older.
The first article (Spilyay April 28) was
about "Keys to Good Nutrition in Older
Years and Current Recommendations for
Energy You Eat and How You Use It." The
second and third articles (Spilyay May 11)
were about "Changes in the Digestive Sys
tem and Skeletal Systems and Nutrients Re
lated to Them." The fourth article (June 8)
was about the Immune System and the Ner
vousCognitive System. This fifth article is
about the Cardiovascular System.
Chatco Lab a fun
by Norma L. Simpson
Early in June, Tina Aguilar, Valarie
Aguilar and I attended Chatcolab at Camp
Gifford north of Spokane. Chatcolab is an
organization of individuals who believe in
snaring through stimulating experiences for
people who are interested in recreation and
leadership. One highlight of "Chat" is to
learn fun ways to develop leadership skills
and to incorporate recreational activities in
the learning process. The Spirit of Chatcolab
states that "This should be a sharing camp,
with no distinctions of leaders from campers,
pupils from teachers."
We 'often opened the day with singing
new and old songs in new and different ways.
The ninety participants from 1 1 states soon
became acquainted, one of the many skills
we polished throughout the week. Bringing
strangers together is an important task in
societies like ours, where many more cul
tural groups come together than have had to
meet as equals.
One impressive exercise happened the
first day under the guidance of Judy Seabert
from Aberdeen, Washington. In five minutes
the 90 participants chose an animal that called
to them - Hippo, Wolf, Dolphin, Buffalo,
Butterfly, Owl, Rabbit or Pig until the group
numbered no more than 9. In 30 minutes, she
had 10 small groups "create" new countries
with an Imaginary name, an anthem, a
greeting and departure for strangers, and
with problems and resources to share. Then
for the next hour we had to try to exchange
the resources and problems with representa
Stockman's Roundup:
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
A quick quiz on your knowledge of ag
commodities in the state:
Rank the following in terms of sales in
Oregon the nursery business, hay, and beef
cattle.
I'll have the answer at the end of this
column.
With the recent long-term rains, most
everyone's first cuttings will have been rained
on. When you purchase your winter feed this
year, keep that in mind. First cuttings should
not wreck your pocketbook. Prices right
w w
Speaks
camp sign up will be July 25, 1995
Did you ever wonder what is OSU Exten
sion and what do they do any way ? The Coop
erative Extension Services is an off campus
educational activity of Oregon State Univer
sity. Its major objective is to help people
understand and apply scientific developments
in agriculture, Home economics and related
sciences, develop educational programs
through 4-H for the youth of the community
in order to enjoy a better life.
The education provided by the Extension
Services is an informal and distinct type
directed to helping people solve day-day
problems. It is education for action and is
directed toward helping individuals make
sound decision to:
- Make the best use of all available re
sources and earn more money.
- Improve living and home environment.
- Develop a better community in which to
live.
- Develop increased ability and willing
ness, by both adult and youth, to assume
leadership and citizenship responsibility.
The guiding principle of Extension is " to
help people help themselves."
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Oldcrpcople will find three majorchanges
in their body functions related to the heart
and the circulatory system - the blood pres
sure, the amount of cholesterol and the amount
of fiber we need to keep the circulatory
system working properly.
Thre, is a decrease in the control of blood
pressure - both high blood pressure and low
blood pressure. People who previously did
not have high blood pressure may be sur
prised to learn that they have to take pills to
control the high blood pressure. When your
doctor's nurse takes the blood pressure, pay
attention to the readings. You may have to
ask the nurse for the report, and even write it
down. I have known nurses that did not want
to tell you any thing. But remember it is
your body and your responsibility to know
about your own vital signs. If the informa
tion is on a sheet of paper in the doctor' s file,
it does not do you any good. It's the knowl
edge in your head and the signs when some
thing is not functioning properly that may
save you from a stroke. Stroke is one of the
most common results of high blood pressure.
If you had one stroke you can have another
one, so you need to pay attention to what
your body tells you.
When people are ill, and are taking many
different medicines, you need to observe
and unique way
tives of the other 9 new countries.
We had to decide signs of respect in the
new culture; what rules about the distance or
space between people; whether the group
will negotiate with the new country on an
individual or group basis; what was a com
mon gesture that is offensive; and what you
will do if some one gives you a compliment.
My group, the butterflies, had lots of oil to
sell, and needed markets for the oil. We
agreed that our greeting was a "gentle low
five" instead of the traditional hearty hand
shake used in much of the USA.
All of our group was stunned when repre
sentatives of the first group ignored our
"gentle low five" greeting but grinned from
ear to ear as they scratched us behind our.
right ears.
The "Pig Country" representatives were
looking for food, as they had a large popula
tion without enough food.
The eight people in my group were in
sulted when no Pigs responded to our "gentle
low five" greeting. But none of us responded
to their scratch behind the right ear. It took
about 20 minutes mingling from group to
group before one of our group said "Oh is the
ear scratch the way you greet people? Let me
also teach you our greeting, the gentle low
five greeting."
In fact what had happened was that each
of our groups felt insulted because we did not
respond to the "expected" greeting. The rich
group pulled away from the ear scratchers,
and the pigs kept coming with enthusiasm.
The rich backed up, and the ear scratchers
Hay crop looks good-
now are still ridiculously high, but should
come down when the second and third cut
tings are in the barn.
When we speak of hay as an ag commod
ity, we find that economists usually break
hay into two categories, alfalfa and other
types. "Other types" include native grass
hay grown in meadows under irrigation,
grain hay such as oats, triticale, wheat and
rye (which often includes the seed), clover
hay, and improved grass hay such as
orchardgrass and tall fescue.
Alfalfa is the most expensive hay. It's
grown on fewer acres, about 400,000 com
pared to about 600,000 for other types in
1 994. But it has a higher protein content and
was valued at about $165 million last year.
Growers in the Columbia Basin average
7.75 tons of alfalfa per acre. Protein levens
range from 1 3 to 27 percent The majority of
alfalfa grown east of the Cascades goes to
dairy farms in western Oregon and western
Washington, but some is shipped to Japan.
Christmas Valley is also good hay grow
ing country. Lake County's meadow hay
runs 3 to 9 percent protein and the alfalfa
runs 22 to 23 percent. Some Christmas Val
ley hay is exported to Canada, while the
meadow hay is supplemented with a little
molasses and protein and fed to beef cattle.
Growers in Klamath County raise much
grass hay tall fescue, bluegrass,
orchardgrass and meadow foxtail. Most pas
tures are irrigated and fertilized. Grass straw
had a farm gate value of SI 3.3 million in
1994, accorning to Stan Miles, OSU Exten
Graze properly
by Bob Pawelek
Lupine is a beautiful wildfiowcr, but it
can also be deadly.'
With a little common sense, however, the
stockman can graz pastures with lupine as
long as a few rules of good range manage
ment and livestock husbandry are carefully
followed:
Don't misuse the range so as to bring
about the invasion of new poisonous spe
cies, or spreading those already present.
Avoid pastures with overabundance of
poisonous plants. '
Move animals slowly through areas where
poisonous plants are present.
Animals forced to remain on the range
after they have used good forage species will
eventually turn to poisonous plants.
When animals have been deprived of for
age, as during trailing or corralling, they
should not be put on ranges containing poi
sonous species until they are well fed.
Provide plenty of fresh water so they will
not be encouraged to cat excess amounts of
forbs to compensate for lack of water.
Use plenty of salt and mineral.
Most poisonous plants are not dangerous
to animals, except in large amounts.
how vour body responds to the medicine.
When my mother had a case of the flu, she
was so sick that she couldn't go to the doctor.
When my sisters came from a long distance
away to visit her, they took her directly to the
emergency room. Her blood pressure had
dropped to 30, meaning that she was nearly
dead. She normally had very regular blood
pressure and therefore had not thought that
her weakness was anything but the flu. She
recovered partially, but was never the active
80 year old that she had been before before
that bout. It was the difference in bodily
control that had changed with age. If the
doctor tells you to take you blood pressure
medicine every day, follow the directions
faithfully to protect yourself.
Sodium in the diet is one concern tor high
blood pressure. Check closely on the pro
cessed foods to see how much sodium per
serving is in the products you buy. They
same type of food may have greatly different
amounts of sodium. For example if you are
fond of soy sauce to flavor meats or soups,
one brand may have twice as much sodium as
another product. Years ago we restricted the
addition sodium to baby food because it was
in there to please the mothers who tasted the
ground carrots or beet only to pull a face. The
flat taste made them think that is why babies
did not like the bottled baby food. ."
to learn about different cultures
kept grinning and talking about their need for
food. "Do you have extra food you can sell at
a reasonable prices?" All they had to offer
was Metal in exchange for our oil. When we
were not willing to bargain, the Pigs scratched
us behind the left ear and grinned as they said
good bye in a most friendly fashion.
Another country sent a formal representa
tive, an Ambassador, who was presented in a
formal way - complete with their country's
banner, and national anthem before informal
talks could take place. It was a clash of
traditions when the informal back-slapping
rabbits didn't want to wait for the anthem,
they were eager for the sporting event to
begin.
We were equally disarmed by the "Owl"
participants who insisted on starring us down
at nose length. After offering us a tucked-in-wing
joint as a greeting, we could only seem
to respond with our "gentle low five" greet
ing. But this time it was the stare with their
eyes glued to ours that kept us away from
their cotton and cars.
Representatives of another country did
not believe in touching each other let alone
Happy 4th of July to everyone from the
Warm Springs OSU Extension office.
Drive careful
and watch out for the other person.
sion economist. By the time the straw was
exported from Portland to Japan for feed, it
was worth twice that amount.
Alfalfa acreage in Central Oregon is go
ing down a little, according to Mylen Bohle,
OSU Extension agent in Crook County and
researcher at Central Oregon Ag Research
Center. Mylen says production has dipped in
recent years due to water shortages and other
factors that have encouraged growers to move
toward higher value crops like mint, grass
and vegetable seed.
Though some may not realize it, the
Willamette Valley grows good alfalfa. Marion
County alfalfa contains 15 to 18 percent
alfalfa. Much of the seed for grass hay is
grown in the Valley.
Malheur County is Oregon's chief alfalfa
seed producer. More than 5,000 of the states
6,000 acres of alfalfa seed are there. The area
also produces alfalfa hay.
Researchers at OSU figure the best way to
get the most protein from a cutting of hay is
to harvest early. In the case of alfalfa, that is
the pre-flower stage before the plants start
putting energy into flowering and reproduc
tion. Young, tender, leafy plants make the
best hay. The trick is to cute and bele before
they get so dry they lose leaves (and their
appeal to cows), but not when they are so wet
they turn moldy.
In 1994, the Oregon hay industry was
worth about $250 million dollars, making it
the state's third leading agricultural com
modity, behind cattle and calves (number
one) and the nursery industry (number two).
OP30NSTATl UNMSRSITV
EXTENSION
OSU Extension Staff:
Arlene Bolleau 4-H & Youth
Bob Pawelek Livestock
Norma Simpson Home Economics
C.R. Begay (temp.) 4-H Assistant
Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras
The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs In Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Consumers learned that they did not have
to have as much sodium or sugar in products
for adults as well. We talked about not buy
ing the products at the same time that other
consumers said they wanted more salty items.
The control is still in the hands of consumers
if you express your preferences to the gro
cers and manufacturers. -
Older people mav experience an eleva
tion of scrum cholesterol. Cholerestol is very
important in the body, because it is the fatty
material that covers the nervous system.
All nutrients get from your stomach to the
rest of the body by being carried through the
blood serum. That is why it's important to
have a healthy blood circulation in the cardio
vascular system. If we clog the arteries,
vessles and capillaries with cholerstol, the
tubes get plugged and blood does not flow
smoothly.
Most bodies produce all the cholesterol
needed by the body. Then why is it a prob
lem? Well there is another way that we get
cholesterol into the body - by the foods that
we eat.
Cholesterol is found in animal foods we
eat It is amazing to see the commercial
companies brag that their product does not
have any cholesterol in it. Well if their prod
uct does not come from animals, the product
would naturally not have any cholesterol in
strangers from another country. Most of us
missed the "offensive" gestures as we went
from one group to the next.
Nearly a week later, I'm still stunned at
the greeting behind the ear by the Pig culture
and as stunned that none of our stuffy group
could overcome the insult by being rejected
for our "gentle low five" greeting.
Try it? If you are use to having a gentle
touching of hands at arms length, you too
would be surprised by the tickling behind
your ear which brings you very close to the
stranger from another culture. Or the stare
that makes you so nervous. But really it was
"Getting Down to Business" before we were
prepared with the social ways of others that
kept us from achieving the goal of negotia
tion. Few of us set out to "get acquainted"
before we launched into our "negotiations"
to exchange the items for trade. It may be
goods, services or knowledge that we are
trading, but the process probably demands
the same consideration of the differences
between cultures and the respect that each
culture should show to the other.
Rockn' 4-H club receives
A $3,500 grant proposal was funded re
cently, thanks to the Oregon Lottery. The
club is now happy to be responsible for a
1984 16 foot WW gooseneck trailer funded
by OSU's Rangeland and Livestock Lottery
Fund. An additional $100 was graciously
donated by Joe Moses.
The Rockin' 4-H has long been in need of
its own trailer, especially when the herd
needed to be moved back and forth from the
Winter Range at Tenino Valley to the Sum
mer Range at Sidwalter. Until receiving its
own trailer, the club was dependent upon the
Natural Resources Branch or volunteers to
help haul animals.
The 4-H Beef Herd, now consisting of
three purebred Hereford cows and two cross
bred long yearling heifers, are due for calves
in November. They were moved to the Sum
mer Range back in April, and are so well
conditioned it's difficult to tell if they're
pregnant or just fat.
Swine Club
4-H Swine Club leaders are requested to
submit Jefferson County Fair entry forms no
later than Friday, June 30 to the Extension
Information provided by;
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
body functions
it. So think when you read the labels. Should
this product have cholesterol in it7
Ah, but what about the foods that do have
cholesterol in them. Older people need to
limit the about of animal foods that have
cholesterol - especially the cuts of meat with
high levels of fat and cholesterol. It also
means that the cream we love to put in our
coffee or the real whipped cream we love to
put on pie, the ice cream or the rich-looking
whole milk. If you are still able to drink milk
or make pudding from it, try the skim or 1
milk.
Select processed foods that now report the
types of fat as well as the amount. Saturated
fats are the type of fat that concern us more
for health reasons. Even vegetable oils can
have saturated tat in them, but the label on
the bottle or can will tell you which have the
most saturated fat.
Many oils are mixtures of different types
of oil - some with more or less saturated oil.
If you want a copy of the types of oils with
different amounts of saturated and unsatur
ated Contact we at the OSU Extension Ser
vice office in Warm Springs.
Finally, we know that there is a need for
plenty of fiber in our diet to be sure that the
intestinal tract works properly and allows the
absorption of nutrients that go into the blood.
The important fiber is "Water Soluble Fiber"
not the things that we can't use in the system,
like pop corn hulls, and pea pods. We need to
eat lots of oats, fruilsi dhd legumes that are
dense with vitamins a?d, minerals that keep
us healthy. These foods with fiber also keep
the bowels functioning properly taking much
needed water to the intestines. The natural
foods will keep us regulated if we eat them on
a daily basis, eliminating the need for laxa
tives. We have found through this five part
series, As We Grow Older, that many func
tions of our body change as we grow older.
Knowing what is happening to our bodies as
we change, gives us more control over our
lives. We can't change the changes, but we
can live healthier lives.
Useful list for students
by Norma L. Simpson
During the Career Day held June 22,
1995, 1 prepared some guidelines for young
people who are getting ready for living in a
Dormitory or in a New Apartment when they
go away to college. These two sheets are
good guides to the things that you need to
have in either setting. In addition, the lists
will give you the cost and serve as a refer
ence for an insurance policy. To set up a
"Cozy Dorm Pad" with new purchases in
cluding a word processor would cost about
$850 in contrast to an $400 a month unfur
nished apartment which would cost about
$4,000.
The Happy Cozy Apartment list would
also be helpful for a new couple. Items could
also be purchased at garage sales or be "An
cient Attic" furniture from Grandma' s house.
If you would like copies of the list, call
OSU Extension 553-3238 or pick up the list
outside my office on the Main Floor of the
Education Center.
grant from OR Lottery
office.
Warm Springs will be well represented at
the Fair this year, with at least three market
hogs in the show.
Pasture Demonstration
A 22-acre mixed grass variety trial was
established on the 4-H winter range at Tenino
Valley. Back in March, four sets of grass
mixes were sown on the sagebrush pasture
between Tenino Apartments and Kathleen
Heath's home and south of Tenino Creek.
It is hoped that the demonstration will
exhibit methods of pasture improvements
for alkaline soils.
Grass varieties used include Bluebunch
wheatgrass, Tall wheatgrass, Basin wildrye,
Big bluegrass, Crested wheatgrass, and
Streambank wildrye. The pasture will be
crossfenced later this summer, enclosing
Tenino Creek and growing feed for winter
use.
Livestock grazing on the newly estab
lished grass trial will be restricted for two
growing seasons, as the USDA assisted with
cost-sharing.