Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
April 14, 1995 7
Shared custody topic of April 24 meeting at Center
by Norma L. Simpson
Families in Warm Springs are invited to
attend a FREE special meeting Monday
evening April 24 from 7 to 9 p.m. at the Social
Hall of the Community Center. After numer
ous requests from Spilyay readers who saw
the January article about Shared Custody:
Increasing Benefits and Reducing Strains,
OSU Extension planned the event to bring
two OSU-Extension specialists who share
your concern for children and the new family
order.
Tribal Judge Walter Langnese III will open
the event, looking at the unique situation in
Warm Springs.
Langnese's opening will be followed by
Sue Doescher, the Child Development and
Parent Education Specialist who highlights
the children's adjustment as families are
reorganizing family life. She will look at
three key factors essential tochildren's posi
tive adjustment following divorce; coop
erative parenting; two-home parenting; and
ways to keep the best interest of the children
as they grow up.
OSU-Extension family economics spe-
Home businesses to be discussed
by Norma L. Simpson
Several people from Warm Springs have
been involved in the OSU training program
about business skills for people involved in
home sewing as a business. This year there
will be an update to keep sharpening their
skills. The joy is that you did not need to take
the previous training to benefit from the one
day workshop held in Corvallis June 12, the
day before the Mini-College will be held on
the OSU campus.
Six speakers will be involved. Gordon
Hjelseth own the Northwest Industrial Ma
chines which specializes in sewing machines
and sergers for small business. He will be
demonstrating the latest computerized indus
trial machines. There will be an opportunity
to sew on a number of the machines.
Linda Wisner, owner of Wisner Associ
ates will share her knowledge of advertising,
marketing and design, with many if her cus
tomers being in sewing related businesses.
Darlene Miller is owner of "Clothes for
You." She is the author of Your Shape. Your
Clothes and You, and a popular speakers
during the September 1994 Sewing Fair in
Portland.
Catherine Stephenson is the officer of the
Portland Chapter of Professional Association
of Custom Clothiers. Her business focuses on
elegant evening wear and bridal gowns.
When will focus on finishing touches that
give a professional lock that command a
higher price.
Leslie Burns and Cheryl Jordon of the
OSU College of Home Economics Apparel,
Interiors, Housing and Merchandising De
partment will share their knowledge of mar
ket analysis, impact of different types of
textiles and their appeal to customers and
retail merchandising skills.
cialist, Alice Mill Morrow, will talk about
more equitable division of time and effort of
parenting. She will go into the cost of raising
a child throughout the year, and the value of
duplicating some items when children spend
equal amounts of time with each parent. She
will highlight some of the legislative propos
als related to taking responsibility for chil
dren that we bring into the world.
This is the first in a series of topics related
to Children and Divorce. Tentative plans are
underway for a meeting about CASA, the
Court Appointed Special Advocates program
for Children which has started in Jefferson
County; Children and their heritage in Bicul
tural Families: Step-Families; and Grand
parents and Grandchildren.
During the first meeting, we will ask fam
ily members to make suggestions for other
programs in the series through 1995. We
want to make this series as valuable as pos
sible to serve families in Warm Springs.
Your suggestions will be very useful.
Read the next Spilyay for more details
and listen KWSO for more news and inter
views about the scries.
ORCfinNSTATf UMVERSITY
EXTENSION
service
Information provided by;
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
QSU Extension Staff;
Arlene Boileau 4-H & Youth
Bob Pawelek Livestock
Norma Simpson Home Economics
Crystal Winishut 4-H Assistant
Tim Wojtusik Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras
The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information Irom
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Shared custody meeting scheduled
Agent leaving
Warm Springs
by Timothy Wojtusik
Final Days
After having the privilege of
working at Warm Springs for two
years I am sad to announce that I will
be leaving. The job of Agriculture
Natural Resources Extension Agent
here on the Reservation has been a
challenging one but tremendously
educational and fulfilling for me. I
consider myself very lucky to have had
this opportunity.
The Warm Springs Reservation is a
beautiful place of diverse landscapes
and natural wealth but its greatest
asset, by far, is its people. I hope that I
have served this community well and
owe a debt of gratitude to the people
here who accepted me and helped me
to learn. You know who you are and I
appreciate everything that you have
done for me. I would like to extend a
special thanks to the folks at the Senior
Center and the teachers and students of
Warm Springs Elementary. Interaction
with you all was more gratifying than I
can express.
This changing world holds many
uncertainties for people and natural
resources but I believe that the values
that the people of Warm Springs have
for water, the earth, and all that springs
from them will provide a proper
course. Thank you all again for all that
you have shared with me.
by Norma Simpson
Families in Warm Springs are invited to
attend a free special meeting Monday
evening, April 24 from 7 to 9 p.m. at the
Social Hall of the Community Center. After
numerous requests from readers who saw
the January article about shared custody,
OSU Extension planned the event to bring
two OSU Extension specialists who share
your concern for children and the new fam
ily order.
Tribal Judge Walter Langnese will open
the event, looking at the unique situation in
Warm Springs. Langnese's opening will be
followed by Sue Doescher, Child Develop
ment and Parent Education specialist who
highlights the childrens' adjustment as fami
lies are reorganizing family life.
Doescher will look at three key factors
essential to childrens' positive adjustment
following divorce; cooperative parenting;
two-home parenting; and ways to keep the
best interest of the children as they grow up.
OSU Extension family economics spe
cialist, Alice Mill Morrow, will talk about
more equitable division of ime and effort of
parenting. She will go into the cost of raising
a child throughout the year, and the value of
duplicating some items when children spend
equal amounts of time with each parent. She
will highlight some of the legislative propos
als related to taking responsibility for chil
dren that we bring into the world.
During the first meeting, we will ask
family members to make suggestions for
other programs in the series through 1995.
We want to make this series as valuable as
possible to serve families in Warm Springs.
Your suggestions will be very useful.
New club now off the ground-
A new 4-H club is off the
ground.
Laura Fuentes and Angie Or
chard, Warm Springs Elemen
tary School teachers, are lead
ingthe club.
The new club, so new in fact it
does not yet have a name, is
meeting regularly for the pur
pose of teaching the children to
care for livestock.
The kids hope to show their
hogs at the Jefferson County
Livestock Show in July.
Hints help home gardeners get a good start on planting
Most home gardeners buy flower and
vegetable starts each spring. Ray McNeilan,
Oregon State University home horticulture
agent, has some tips to help select good plant
starts from your local garden shop or nurs
ery: - Look for sturdy, compact plants. Lanky
starts don't transplant well and may indicate
overcrowded or weak plants.
- Examine the leaves. Are they pale or
yellow? Don't buy them. -
- Turn over the pots or six packs and look
for roots barely sticking out of the holes, a
sign of vigor. If they are profuse, the plant is
probably pot-bound. If there are no visible
roots, the plant's root system is probably not
well developed.
- Check both sides of the leaves for aphids
or other pests.
- Buy the deepest green colored plants in
the bunch.
- Select perennial plants with the fewest
flowers; profuse flower set is sometimes a
sign of stress. With annuals, buy plants with
many buds.
- Choose transplants grown in larger pots
- the larger the pot the start is growing in the
more likely it will survive the transplanting
process.
- Buy "sixpack" containers with separate
sections for each of the six young plants, -Once purchased, keep starts out of direct
rather than six plants all in one small con- sun and wind. Keep moist and plant as soon
tainer. as possible.
Beef Production Hits Record
Mil. head
120 1-
V .Jl vV ,'1
. -'try
Mil. lbs.
i25
24
i ( niWirinnf -
90 -
80 - I
70 Si
85 90 95
23
22
21
20
1980
1995 projection,
Happy Easter to one and all
from the OSU Extension Staff
Stockman's Roundup: Cattle breeds plentiful-
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
The "B" Breeds
In my last column, we examined the differ
ences between breeds of cattle and their quali
ties. This week we continue with a look at
breeds that begin with the letter "B".
Beefmaster
In the early 1930's, South Texas cattleman
Tom Lasater began crossing Brahman, Here
ford and Shorthorn in an effort to develop
profitable beef animals capable of handling
the Brush Country's range and climate. Lasater
did a good job of matching cattle to the envi
ronment Beefmaster cattle are dominantly
red, but can range from black to white, striped,
spotted and painted. Color is disregarded in
selection.
The majority are horned, although a few
are naturally polled. They are good milk pro
ducers under range conditions, heavy wean
ing and mature weights.
In order that each Beefmaster may be per
manently identified with the breeder thereof,
the breeder must use a prefix name such as
"Jones Beefmaster," "Smith Beefmaster,"
etc., to designate his cattle. Thus, in a unique
way, the responsibility for the continued
1 improvement of the breed is placed squarely
upon the individual breeder.
Belted Galloway
First imported to the U.S. in 1948, the
Belted Galloway originated in Scotland; in
the southwestern district of Galloway.
The breed is black with a brownish tinge,
or dun; with a white belt completely encir
cling the body between the shoulders and
the hooks. The belt is striking, especially if
you've never seen the breed before.
Belted Galloways are polled with a heavy
coat of hair. The breed is somewhat rare
especially in the West. There are a few
examples of the breed out between
Terrebonne and Redmond. Take NW Canal
Road off Highway 97 and a left on King.
They hang out on the old place west of the
railroad tracks.
Belgian Blue
The Belgian Blue breed of beef cattle is
relatively new to the United States. Breed
ing and development was originally con
ducted in Belgium by Professor Hanset at
the A.I. Center in the Province of Liege. In
the late fifties, a debate arose among the
breeders, the question being whether to
maintain the dual-purpose type as it was or
to select for more muscling. The muscling
prevailed.
The Blue is a large sized animal with
rounded outline and prominent muscles. The
color can be white, blue roan or sometimes
black. The breed is known for its quiet
temperament. Beef of the Belgian Blue cooks
faster than regular beef due to the extremely
low fat content
Blonde d' Aqoitaine
In 1961 in Southwest France, three French
strains of similar background-Garonne,
Quercy, and Pyreneene- were combined.
Blondes, as their name suggests, are yellow,
fawn or wheat colored. The breed is rela
tively fine-boned. There is little calving dif
ficulty, due to the width and shape of the
pelvis.
In France, Blonde d' Aquitaine are usually
performance and progeny tested. Generally,
the top third of the bulls in a performance test
are subsequently progeny tested.
Brahman
Long, drooping ears and a prominent hump
over the shoulders represent the distinct fea
tures of the Brahman.
Having originated in India, a distinct
American breed has been developed through
crossings of several Indian types, probably
with a small infusion of European breeding.
Gray or red is the preferred color. There may
be a gradual blending of the two. However,
there are black, brown, white and spotted
Brahmans.
Brahman bulls are good on first calf heif
ers, although in the Northwest, any show of
"ear" will be docked at the sale. The breed is
well adapted to hot, insect-infested areas,
and to sparse vegetation. Brahman cows are
extremely protective mothers. When Brah
man blood is diluted to between one-eighth
and a sixteenth, crossbreds are considerably
resistant to pinkeye and other common mala
dies. A purebred Brahman posesses a voice
that resembles a grunt, kind of like a bear.
The Brahman breed enjoys a good and
growing market, both domestically and
abroad.
Braford
Approximately 58 Hereford and 38 Brah
man. Originated on Adams Ranches at Fort
Pierce, Florida about 1948. Animals are red
or brindle, with white markings on the head.
Stunning tiger-striped colorations are com
mon. The breed is short haired, heat tolerant
with only a slight hump. It posesses all the
superior qualities of both breeds.
Brangus
Beginning in 1942, Frank Buttram crossed
Brahman and Angus on his Clear Creek Ranch
in Oklahoma. The Brangus breed is black
and polled. Red Brangus are a breed unto
themselves and are, of course, red. All
Brangus cattle have a slight crest over the
neck with a smooth, sleek coat
The breed performs well in the feedlot, as
does Braford.
Crossbreeding became popular in the
United States in response to the problems
that individual breeds possessed. This is the
reason for so many crosses with Brahman,
which is a distinct species, Bos indicus,
whereas Angus and Hereford type cattle are
Bos taurus.
Next issue: Charolais and its crosses
Ag commodities
reach record
The sale of agricultural commodities in
Oregon reached a record $3 billion in 1994.
Leading commodities were farm forestry,
$521 million; cattle and calves, $386 mil
lion; nursery crops, $269 million. Top in
sales were Marion County, $387 million;
Clackamas County, $222 million; Umatilla
County, $212 million.
Agricultural employment, which averaged
about 35,000 in the 1970's, has edged up
ward to about 38,000 in the 1990's.
Cattle numbers are up
by Bob Pawelek
Large beef supplies are in the long-term
outlook, despite downward revisions to in
ventory numbers for 1989-94. 'i
Annual cattle inventories were revised
downword to 2.5 million head, chiefly be
cause of lower estimates now of the cow herd
starting in 1 987. Cattle numbers at the begin
ning of 1995 were up 2 percent from a year
earlier, reflecting continued modest herd
expansion.
As a result, prices will likely remain mod
est for the next month.
Now is the time to
control weeds
As a result of the excellent winter precipi
tation, an explosion ot noxious weeds can be
seen everywhere, even by the untrained eye.
Many noxious weeds look completely
harmless in their present stage of develop
ment. However, wait too long and it will be
too late to do anything about them. A rule of
thumb for identifying most weeds is, as in the
case of the common dandelion, a broadleafed
"rosette" laying prostrate against the ground.
Already, even in their youthful state, these
weeds are doing damage to your lawn or your
horse pasture.
Most lawn weeds can be controlled now
with a shot of 2,4-D in proper amounts. If you
intend to spray a newly seeded lawn, wait
until the grass has at least four leaves. On
established lawns, do it now.
On small lawns with meager infestations,
a pitcher of boiling water applied directly on
the targetted plant will often work quite well.
It's healthier for the environment, too.
Common weeds such as Scotch thistle,
purple mustard, puncturevine and kochia are
well on their way to their flowering stages.
The ideal time to control these monsters is
before they produce flowers.
Once in the flower stage, control becomes
increasingly difficult. After flowers go to
seed, it is no longer any use.
Equine "AIDS" identified in horses
by Bob Pawelek
A genetic disorder of Arabian horses
called Equine combined immunodeficiency
in an inherited disease that kills foals.
CID is found in the Arabian breed and
perhaps 30 of Arabian horses in North
America are carriers of the CID gene, which
causes foals to be born wihout the ability to
resist infections.
Dr. Loren Skow, Texas A&M University,
recently completed a study attemting to lo
cate DNA markers that identify CID carrier
horses. CID is verb similar to the same
disorder found in mice. Therefore, based on
a map of the mouse gene. Dr. Skow designed
an experiment to test wither the equine CID
gene was linked to the same genetic region
as mouse scid. A genomic library was con
structed from the DNA of a CID carrier
stallion and 1 8 clones were isolated for analy
sis. Three DNA markers were produced for
this region of the horse genome. None of the
markers, however, were linked to CID. Skow
concludes that the CID gene in horses is
located elsewhere in the genome.
The information in this study is signifi
cant because very few DNA markers are
available for use in horses. The markers
developed in this study will enhance future
genetic study in horses. ;
This study was funded by Arabian horse
interests and sponsored by the Morris Ani
mal Foundation.
4