Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
March 17. 19957
Gerontology Conference to be held April 1 8 & 1 9
by Norma L. Simpson
Our population is getting older and older,
as more of us live a longer life. As a result we
often find that many families have three or
four generations to care for. That is wonder
ful when everyone is healthy but it presents
problems when people in the family are ill.
Because so many families have two wage
earners, it means that there are fewer people
to care for the ill ones. That puts a lot of
obligations on one person.
April 1 8 and 1 9, the Oregon State Univer
sity Gerontology Conference holds its 19th
annual conference to look a issues of elderly
and caregivers. Topics include: Compassion
Fatigue, Coping with Negativity, Navigating
Change, Issues in Foster Care, Late Life
Marriages, Sexual Functioning, Mental
Health, Managing Wandering, Osteoporosis
and Exercise, and Breast Cancer Update.
Therese Schroeder-Shcker will again pro
vide "Music for Dying" with song and harp.
One of great interest is "Beneath the Surface:
The role of Culture and Ethnicity in Serving
The Clover Speaks
by Crystal & Arlene
"Hatching your Leadership Potential"
March 18-22,1995 Suttle Lake Methodist
Camp This is an opportunity for 4-H mem
bers in grades 7,8,9, to participate in a Junior
Leadership retreat. This is a multi-County
program involving seven counties. The cost
is $75 per person. If you are interested please
complete an official 4-H registration form
and send it with a check to Klamath County
Extension Office. This must be postmarked
no later then March 10.
Make checks payable to: Klamath
County Leaders Association and send to:
Larry Tibbs, OSU Extension Services, 3328
Vandenberg Rd, Klamath Falls OR 97603.
Spring energy tune-up
Recently I heard a woman say she had
saved $50 a month to heat her house just by
practicing a few energy tune-up tips. When I
asked her how much it had cost her to safe
that much money, she said "Nothing. ..I just
used stuff around the house." Now that it is
getting warmer, we tend to forget about the
cold months. But this article from Bend may
help change your mind.
While you 're washing windows and scrub
bing under sink-cabinets, why not spend a
little more time to improve your energy effi
ciency too.
"One or two afternoons and $50 are all it
takes to make the most effective energy im
provements in many Oregon homes," ac
cording to Oregon State University Exten
sion Energy agent Tom Wykes. "Plugging
major holes and cracks in your house will
keep you cooler this summer and warmer
next winter."
Stop air leaks
If you want to tackle just one project this
weekend, plug holes below kitchen and bath
room sinks. Check for gaps around pipes
through walls and floors. Slide plastic or
metal trim rings away from the wail or floor.
They may be covering huge gaps. Fill them
Stockman's Round Up: Wildlife vs.
7i 4!
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock Agent
While ranching in South Texas one Au
tumn afternoon several years ago, I stepped
out of my pickup to open a wire gate. Before
I even had my right foot on the ground, my
left boot was struck by a Western Diamond
back Rattlesnake. It was a close call. Too
close, really. The ranch sets about forty miles
from pavement. Another fifty to a hospital.
If she'd have positioned herself where I'd
intended to drop the gate, she could have hit
a much more sensitive body part as I reached
down to pick it up.
That kind of recollection stays with a guy
for a while. To this day I watch where I step.
At least my boots stay a little cleaner if
nothing else.
Older Persons." All in all there are 24 work
shops. ft will be the first opportunity to meet
Karen Hooker, PhD, the new director of the
OSU Gerontology Program, when she pre
sents the keynote address. The position was
filled recently after the former director was
selected for the Family Public Policy posi
tion a year ago. Both women are dedicated to
the needs of our aging society and the long
range planning that will be essential to pro
vide for the increase of older citizens as the
baby boomers move into that category in the
next century.
Registration fee for this conference is
$70.00. There will be an additional fee for
the Credits for Nursing Home Administra
tors, Social Work, Foster Care Providers and
Certificates of Attendance or Nursing Cred
its. To register or to receive a copy of the
conference brochure write to the OSU GER
ONTOLOGY CONFERENCE, LaSells
Steward Center, 875 S.W. 26th Street,
Corvallis, OR 97331-3102. The telephone
number is (503) 737-2402.
Application for 1995 tri-country camps
are now available.
4-HTRI-COUNTYCAMPCOUNSEL-ORS
NEEDED:
This year there will be two camps: June
17-21 and June 21-24. Fifteen to twenty
counselors are needed for each camp. Appli
cation will be accepted from those in grades
8-12. Scheduled training session are:
March 10 - Deschutes county-Registration
deadline March 31, 1995
March 10 - Crook County-Registration
' deadline March 31, 1995
March 10 - Jefferson County-Registration
deadline March 10, 1995
This is what we all strive for in our lives
Excellence: You can't miss it. It almost
takes your breath away. It is the most valu
able commodity and yet it is priceless. Hie
BEST in YOU enriches all of us.
Integrity: It's rock solid. It's unyielding
unmoving. It means being True to your val
ues and remembering what is really im
portant Determination: Yes, there are obstacles
and lots of excuse. Some people get side
tracked and never make it. Others -the ones
we admire-get the JOB done any way. Its
called determination.
Committment there's no wavering to
commitment, no uncertainty, no hesitation.
Your action are there for ALL to see: It is
only when they match your TALENTS that
you gain STRENGTH and POWER
for the home
with acrylic latex calk, expanding foam, or
rags stuffed in a plastic bag.
If you're ready to do more, head for the
attic. Seal holes where plumbing vent stacks,
ducts and wiring enter rooms below. Use
plywood or wallboard for large holes over
drop ceilings, for example. Caulk and ex
panding foam work well for cracks and gaps.
Don't seal around chimneys and flues unless
you use special high-temperature sealants.
Insulate and weather-strip the attic access
hatch or panel for a tight fit.
Next stop is the basement or crawlspace.
Cold air entering from below cools off the
entire house. Seal holes around pipes and
wiring where they enter the floor above. Seal
holes where pipes and wiring enter the base
ment. Fill large holes around pipes with a
plastic bag stuffed with rags. Caulk base
ment windows and door frames.
Now you're ready to tighten up the living
space. This is a good time to sold any mold or
mildew problems. Weatherizing your home
make them more obvious. Patch holes in
plaster and gypsum board on interior walls.
Seal gaps along the top and bottom edges of
baseboards. Caulk around window and door
frames from the inside. Weather-strip loose-
Couple of weeks ago on the news we
heard about three coyotes sighted in New
York City. A few Montana ranchers are up
in arms about wolves being "reintroduced"
into the Yellowstone country. Heck, visit
ing with a few elders from the Montana
tribes, wolves "reintroduced" themselves
there twenty years ago.
I'm coming around to a point here. Maybe
a couple of them.
If our goal is to increase wildlife popula
tions in some areas (and forgetting about
semantics for a while, let's include salmon
in our discussion) the risks associated with
increasing those numbers may come about
somewhere else. For example, if we wanted
to farm Sika deer, we would have to look
closely at our fencing strategy. Otherwise,
an escapee or two may compete with mule
deer or elk and end up running them off.
If we're really going to save Chinook
runs, we need to take a good hard look at the
major causes of their decline in the first
place and try to fix those. Maybe they can
not be fixed. Could it be that perhaps the
eruption of Mt. St. Helens dumped way too
much silt into the Columbia River? There's
no way we could have prevented that. There
might have been a more salmon-friendly
approach to dredging that silt out, but that
was the technology of 14 years ago.
Now in an effort to save some salmon
runs, we're preventing livestock from over
grazing riverbanks. That's a good thing.
Cows are like a lot of people in that they
have to be motivated to earn a living. How
ever, are the stockman and logger exclu
sively culpable?
Nope.
And whether or not cows are to blame is
Safe handling of meat
Some common sense reminders about how
we should be caring for the beef we cook:
1. Keep all meat refrigerated until ready
to use.
2. Raw meat and poultry should be thawed
in the refrigerator, or, if using a microwave,
on the lowest setting immediately before
cooking.
3. Keep meat separate from other foods
and working surfaces.
4. Utensils and hands should be washed
after touching raw meat.
5. Cook ground beef and poultry thor
oughly; juices should run clear.
6. Refrigerate leftovers immediately.
7. Keep kitchen area clean and disin
fected. Sewing workshop held
in June
by Norma L. Simpson
Several people from Warm Springs have
been involved in the OSU training program
about business skills for people involved in
home sewing as a business. This year there
will be an update to keep sharpening their
skills. The joy is that you did not need to take
the previous training to benefit from the one
day workshop held in Corvallis June 12, the
day before the Mini-College will be held on
the OSU campus.
Six speakers will be involved. Gordon
Hjelseth own the Northwest Industrial Ma
chines which specializes in sewing machines
and sergers for small business. He will be
demonstrating the latest computerized in
dustrial machines. There will be an opportu
nity to sew on a number of the machines.
Linda Wisner, owner of Wisner Associ
ates will share her knowledge of advertising,
marketing and design, with many if her cus
tomers being in sewing related businesses.
Darlene Miller is owner of "Clothes for
You." She is the author of Your Shape. Your
Clothes and You, and a popular speakers
during the September 1994 Sewing Fair in
Portland.
Catherine Stephenson is the officer of the
Portland Chapter of Professional Associa
tion of Custom Clothiers. Her business fo
cuses on elegant evening wear and bridal
gowns. When will focus on finishing touches
that give a professional lock that command a
higher price.
Leslie Burns and Cheryl Jordon of the
OSU College of Home Economics Apparel,
Interiors, Housing and Merchandising De
partment will share their knowledge of mar
ket analysis, impact of different types of
textiles and their appeal to customers and
retail merchandising skills.
fitting windows and doors. Adjust latches
for tight closure. If you have a fireplace
with a poor-fitting damper, make a cover
for the face of the fireplace not of plywood
and cardboard. Or invest about 20 in an
inflatable chimney pillow or draft stopper.
GET A FREE ENERGY AUDIT
"If you own your home, improving heat
system efficiency and adding insulation also
may be smart investments,' Wykes points
out. A free home energy audit will give you
a detailed report on measures that will save
you the most money, the fastest. Electric
and gas utilities provide audits at no charge
for the heating customers. If you heat with
oil, wood or propane, call the SHOW pro
gram to schedule a free audit: its a toll free
call at 1-800-452-8660.
Utilities and the SHOW program offer
low-interest loans for home weatherization.
Rebates also may be available for the work
you want to have done.
Publications on home weatherization are
available free of charge from the Oregon
Energy Line, OSU's toll-free request line
for publications on home energy topics.
Call toll-free in Oregon 24 hours a day: 1-800-457-9394.
Request Finding and Fixing
Hidden Air Leaks and a publications list.
Livestock
no longer the question. It was never the
solution.
The root causes are there and have been
long established, arguably to the point that
we as human beings in the year 1995 can no
longer get along without them.
Wildlife problems go way back. A British
explorer by the name of LaRocque wrote in
his journal on June 27, 1805 as he arrived at
the Tongue River in southeastern Montana,
"There was little or no wood here on the
river, with the exception of a few cotton
woods scattered here and there and grass was
completely lacking...We had to cut down
three cotton woods and make them the
horses eat the bark." Could it be that too
many bison were just as destructive as would
be too many cattle, deer, antelope....?
There is no doubt that livestock have
replaced wildlife in many instances. How
ever, in certain instances wildlife numbers
have skyrocketed. There are almost five times
the numbers of Whitetail deer from the East
Coast to the Great Plains as there were in
1 895. This increase can be directly attributed
to agriculture (cereal grain production and
water developments). It is sad that there are
fewer bison today, but much of their former
territory has been converted from rangeland
to cities and highways.
We as stockmen can always do a better
job in rotating our stock, excluding the
riparians, and otherwise balancing our live
lihood with the environment But it's people
who have changed the earth by just being
people, and there is no turning back.
I let the snake go.
Tibetan Yak AI Center
China aims to boost the quality of Tibet's
yak population by opening the world's first
OW0ON5TAT1 UWVBWJTY
EXTENSION
service
QSU Extension Staff; J
Arlene Bolleau 4-H & Youth':';
Bob Pawelek Livestock: !
.
Norma Simpson Home Economics v.
Crystal Winlshut 4-H Assistant i
Tim Wojtusik Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras:;'
The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from.'.
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home;
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension ';
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all : '
people. -,;
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU V;
Horticultural oils used
by Timothy Wojtusik
Horticultural oils offer a "least toxic "
method of controlling insects that damage
garden and landscape plants. Gail Gredler,
home horticulture agent with the OSU Ex
tension Service says that when horticultural
oils are used properly they are safe and
effective at keeping garden pests in check.
Sometimes called narrow range oil or
superior oil, most horticultural oils are highly
refined petroleum products which are manu
factured to control pests on plants. Unlike
fuel products, they evaporate quickly. Some
vegetable oils, citrus oils and fish oils are
also used as horticultural oils.
Instead of poisoning insects like many
conventional pesticides do, horticultural oils
suffocate insects. Insects and other soft bod
ied invertebrates use breathing holes on their
bodies called "spiracles" to get their oxygen.
The oils clog these spiracles and may also
disrupt the functioning of cell membranes in
the insects' bodies.
Horticultural oils are most effective in
controlling overwintering insect eggs, larva
such as caterpillars and soft-bodied adult
garden pests. These include aphids, mites,
scales, mealybugs, and whiteflys.
Horticultural oils have many advantages
over chemical-based pesticides. The oils
degrade rapidly by evaporation. They also
Noodles come in all
by Norma L. Simpson
When I prepared the final recipe sheets for
the February 23 Wellness Center Cooking
Class, I was surprised to find the difference
between two types of thin noodles for the
Shiitake MushroomNoodle Soup which was
in the Spilyay on February 3rd.
Thin noodles available in most stores come
in a size 56 grams and in different weights. In
the macaroni and noodle section of the stores,
you will find "thin spaghetti," "angel hair"
and "manchu egg noodles." Thin spaghetti
and angel hair both contain "O milligrams"
sodium and 1 .5 grams fat. Manchu egg noodles
have 2 grams fat and 10 milligrams sodium. It
appears that the Golden Grain Mission brand
is continuing an effort to reduce the salt con
tent, when you compare these three types of
noodles with other types available in the ori
ental section of the supermarket.
Three other noodles are the Ramen Orien
tal Noodles and Nanka Seimen Oriental Style
Spaghetti and Sun Luck Somen. Generally
the better known variety is called Ramen
Noodles come in a variety of flavors from
pork to chicken to beef or plain. They are a
wad of noodles as the wheat has been conkn
and pressed through the small holes of the
extruder machine. Monosodium Glutamate is
one reason the high sodium content of the
Ramen. Ramen contains 850 milligrams so
dium with 7 grams fat per serving.
Nanka Seimen is in tidy bundles of straight
white noodles counted and banded in nine
yak sperm bank in the autonomous region,
the official Xinhua news agency has re
ported. The long haired wild oxen ubiquitous
in Tibet and used for milk and meat as well
as in agriculture have been deteriorating
in quality in recent years, and the new re
serves are expected to reverse that trend.
"In the past, farmers had to rely on tradi
tional natural methods to mate yaks. That
caused degeneration," the agency said.
The sperm bank in Dangxiong County,
Deworming good for cows
Bringing the cows in to the corral to
separate and work calves is a great time to
deworm the entire herd. A good stockman
will give the cows a booster vaccination
anyway, so while the cow is in the chute, why
not treat her for worms, too?
The reason we deworm is simple. Intesti
nal worms are parasites; and a lactating cow
has enough to do without a pesky worm
competing with her for nutrition.
There is another reason a good stockman
treats his herd for worms - weight gains and
profit For stocker calves, deworming can
enhance gains as much as a third of a pound
per day. For herd bulls, it helps keep them
healthy so they can do their jobs. For cows,
it frees up the digestive system and helps
Information provided by;
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
. tw
to control insects
have very low toxicity and have almost no
toxicity to humans and animals at recom
mended rates. This is an important consider
ation when children or pets may be in the
area. '
Horticultural oils are general, father than
specific pesticides. One type of oil can be
useful in controlling a wide variety of soft
bodied pests. Because they eliminate a broad
array of pests, care must be taken not to
eliminate beneficial insects in their larval
forms. . :::
Unlike many chemical pesticides, pests
have developed little or no resistance to the
oils. In addition, oils are relatively inexpen
sive, are less harmful to beneficial insects,
leave little residue, and are certified for or
ganic use. '''
Under the wrong conditions, horticultural
oils may cause some damage or burning to
certain plant foliage, warned Gail Gredler.
When in doubt, spray a small area of foliage
first and wait a few days to see the effects.
The best time to spray oils is on a calm,
cloudy morning. Horticultural oils should
not be used when it is windy, when the
temperature is greater than 90 degrees For
below freezing, or when it is raining or ex
tremely humid. Plants should be watered
before application of oils to insure that the
plants are not suffering from drought stress.
sizes
inch lengths. Nanka Seimen contains 680
milligrams sodium and 1 gram fat. While I
had expected that to be in the form of Monoso
dium Glutamate, MSG was not one of the
ingredients commonly associated with ori
ental dishes. The sodium is as "Salt." These
noodles have 1 gram fat per serving. j
Another noodle is Sun Luck Somen, white
and tidy package. Sun Luck Somen contains
820 milligrams sodium and 2.5 grams fat.
Sun Luck Somen comes in 12 ounce pack
ages and Manchu Egg Noodles and Nanka
Seimen come in 16 ounce packages. In addi
tion to the difference in the weight, the price
varies a lot, from $2.55 to $ 1 .39 compared to
Angel Hair and Thin spaghetti from 99 cents
on special to $ 1 .75 on regular price.
Looking closely at the Nutrition Labels
you will find that the noodles contain a
smaller amount of sodium, especially if high
blood pressure is a problem.
Fortunately many people in Warm Springs
are paying attention to the sodium content in
their diets, because of the hazardous side
effects that sodium makes to high blood
pressure.
At the Longhouse, we saw one woman
learning a new way to cut down on the
amount of salt in her diet. Rather than dash
the shaker to her hearts content, she poured
a small amount of salt into her hand, and
sprinkled even less from her hand to the
food. Encourage your family members to
taste before they shake and try ways to use
less sodium, fat and sugar in their diets. : :
northern Tibet took six years to set up and
is expected to be operational "sometime next
year," the agency said in a dispatch moni
tored in Tokyo.
It will provide sperm to artificially in
seminate up to 100,000 head of yak, and will
boost local farmers' revenue by up to nine
million yuan ($1.03 million U.S.), the dis
patch said, without elaboration.
From Wfistsm Livestock Journal, page?,
Feb. 20, 1995 :'
them wean heavier calves. They can brepd
back faster than non-treated animals.
These are all good reasons why we should
spend the extra cash for a good anthelmerttic
dewormer. ?
Management of pastures is another aspect
of deworming. Depending on weather and
climate, pastures grazed in spring and then
again in the fall will have less risk for heavy
infection of parasites than pastures grazed
throughout the summer. Where possible, al
low cattle to graze the pasture for only one
period during the year. When deworming
with anthelmentics, move cattle to a clean
pasture right after treatment This is impor
tant to avoid reinfestation. .