Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
March 3, 1995 9
Two Pacific Northwest companies help feed India
by Timothy Wojtusik
Sometimes places like India, Somalia or
Chechnya can seem so far away and exotic
that they're not even real. We hear about them
on the news but there is no connection be
tween Oregon and these places,... or is there?
This month the Oregon Department of Agri
culture announced a major donation of dehy
drated potato flakes to the Catholic Relief
Services Mother Theresa Program in Calcutta,
India.
Two Pacific Northwest companies, Or
egon Potato Company of Boardman and
Larson of Idaho, is shipping 20,000 pounds of
potato flakes in a 20 foot ocean container that
leaves the port of Portland February 1 8th. The
donation is part of a test shipment through
Catholic Relief Services, which is interested
in determining how dehydrated potato flakes
can be used and their cultural acceptability as
a staple to feed the hungry worldwide.
This is the second humanitarian donation
made by Oregon Potato Company. In 1991,
the company also shipped a 20 foot container
of dehydrated potato flakes to the Russian
Far East.
In conjunction with this latest donation,
the Agricultural Development and Market
ing Division of the Oregon Department of
Agriculture is organizing a dehydrated po
tato flake seminar March 28th in Washing
ton D.C. Attending the seminar will be rep
resentatives of the U.S. Agency for Interna
tional Development, the Foreign Agricul
ture Service and Farm Service Agency, and
Private and Voluntary Organizations (PVOs)
that receive commodities purchased by the
U.S. Government. Among the PVOs attend
ing will be Catholic Relief Services, CARE,
World Vision, and Save The Children.
Oregon agriculture is connecting us to
the people of the world by lending a helping
hand to people in need.
Juniper Research Tour
A juniper research tour has been tenta
tively scheduled for May 4th. This informa
tion will be updated as the date grows nearer
but this should give interested people plenty
of time to make arrangements to attend.
The tour will visit the juniper control
research site in the Charley Canyon area as
well as other sites in Central Oregon. It will
be led by OSU Rangeland Resources faculty,
including Dr. Lee Eddlcman.
Juniper trees in our rangeland and their
effect on forage production, root plants, soil
moisture, etc. has been the topic of much
discussion and interests many people in the
community. This field tour will provide an
opportunity to see the results of ongoing
juniper control research and a chance to
discuss aspects of juniper management and
range ecology with researchers and commu
nity members.
In order to provide transportation for the
tour we would like to get some idea of how
many people will be attending. If you are
interested, please call the OSU Extension
office (553-3238) and get your name on the
list. Everyone is welcome and encouraged to
participate.
The Clover Speaks: 4-H club information and tips
ORfGON 5TAT1 UMVtRVTV
(EXTENSION
sswice
Information provided by:
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
OSU Extension Staff:
Arlene Boileau 4-H & Youth
Bob Pawelek Livestock
Norma Simpson Home Economics
Crystal Winishut 4-H Assistant
Tim Wojtusik Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras
The above Individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
by Crystal & Arlene
HOW YOU CAN HELP AS A PARENT
OF A 4-H'ER
BEINFORMED: The more you know about
the 4-H program the more you can help your
child, you will find out about 4-H by getting
involved, especially by attending meetings
and events.
Help in projects selection: Help your child
select a project that he will like, that he will
have the ability to do , and one for which you
can furnish the needed material
' SHOW A PERSONAL TNTERESTtN THE
PROJECT YOUR CHILD SELECTS: Learn
about your child's project so that you can
gave help when it is needed. Cooperate with
your child and encourage himher in carrying
on the 4-H project, without actually doing the
job yourself. Encourage your child to com
plete whatever is started.
SUPPORT 4-H ACTIVITIES: For interest
and enthusiasm, attend 4-H functions as a
family. Volunteer to furnish transportation to
some 4-H activities. Provide your child with
whatever inexpensive project supplies that
may be needed.
SHOW APPRECIATION TO LOCAL 4-H
LEADERS: They give their time and talents to
y our children to provide them with opportuni
ties they might not otherwise have.
DEVELOP A SENSE OF PURPOSE: A
parent should encourage his child to partici
pate in a 4-H club for learning experience, not
for the prizes and awards that may be avail
able, and not for the fun alone.
OFFER YOUR SERVICES: Share your
knowledge, special skills, and hobbies with
a 4-H group. The leaders will appreciate you
help. Also, you may offer to help with trans
portation or to host a club meeting or event,
if you are able.
GIVE ENCOURAGEMENT AND AP
PROVAL: These are two of the basic needs
of young people. Encourage your 4-H mem
ber to participate in his personal project and
club activities. Show approval for a job well
done.
SUPPORT 4-H ACTIVITIES AND
EVENTS: Reservation-wide events such as
camps, fairs and achievement days, require
parent support to be successful.
TELL YOUR FRIENDS AND NEIGH
BORS ABOUT 4-H:. 4-H club work should
be talked about at home and wherever you
go in the community.
CONGRATULATIONS ON BECOM
ING A 4-H PARENT!!
4-H CLUBS:
Search & Rescue: KeithBaker.LastMon
day of each month; 4-H room-Education
Building.
Live Wire: Carol Wewa & Anita Davis;
Vern Jackson Home
Co-Ed Basketball; Melvin Tewee &
Vanessa Wilkenson; Warm Springs Grade
School
' Girl's Basketball: Foster Kalama;om-
munity Center; 5-6:30 pm
Boy's Basketball: Janice Gunshows;
Community Center
Advance Beading: Myra Shawaway;
Tenino Rd.; 4 pm Mondays
Rainbow Dancers: Joseph Tuckta; 4-H
room-Education Center
Rockin' 4-H; Bob Pawelek; 4-H room
Education Center
If you are interested in starting a 4-H
club, you are more than willing to start one.
It could be in anything that you could teach
from cooking to baby-sitting; money man
agement, dog care; horse care, anything that
you think the youth would be interested in.
Working with kids and others is helping
care for others. You could even have an
adult 4-H club. You don't have to be fully
educated to start a 4-H club. It is what you
could teach others, even with culture be
liefs. If you have any questions. Our office
is 1 1 1 0 Wasco St. in the Education building.
We are on the main floor. Sally Blacketer is
our secretary.
4-H clubs: the first of each month is the
time to schedule the 4H van. If the van is
needed the first of each month is the time to
schedule the van because there are a lot of
clubs and departments that are scheduling.
Or call 553-32383239. The 4-H kitchen is
also available. You would also need to sched
ule the 4-H kitchen like the van. You could
use the kitchen for fundraising or whatever
you need the 4-H kitchen for.
4-H RAINBOW DANCERS:
Rainbow Dancer have started a drum
ming group of their own. Joseph Tuckta
started this so that the youth could learn to
drum and sing at the same time. The club
seem to enjoy themselves. The 4-H Rainbow
Dancers need to meet and decide on dates for
the Wasco Co., Jefferson Co. and State Fairs.
These dates need to be decided so the County
Fair can book you in early. We are thankful
that Joseph Tuckta is the leader of the 4-H
club. Arlene Boileau & Crystal Danzuka
will assist Joe when he needs help. Again
thank you Joe for being the leader of the club.
The kids will learn a lot from your talents.
Your outfit making, bustle making, jingle
dresses, loom beadwork. Thanks again.
More easy salmon recipies
Salmon Loaf
2 pints canned salmon
2 eggs, beaten
salt & pepper to taste
dash dry mustard (optional)
2 tablespoons minced onion
3 slices dry bread crumbed or crushed
crackers
1 can cream of mushroom soup
12 cup milk
Combine all ingredients in a bowl and
mix well. Place in a loaf pan and bake at 375
F. for 35-40 minutes
Speedy Salmon Supper
1 pint canned salmon
1 can (10-34 oz.) condensed cream of
celery soup
1 package (10 oz.) frozen peas, cooked &
drained
Drain and flake salmon, reserving liquid.
Combine salmon liquid with soup in sauce
pan. Heat to boil, stirring. Fold in salmon
with peas. Heat through. Serve over rice,
toast, biscuits, waffles or fry bread. Makes 4
servings.
Quick Deep Dish Salmon Pie
2 10 12 oz. cans pea or asparagus soup
1 pint canned salmon
12 cup milk
1 pound can small potatoes drained
1 pound can small onions drained
18 teaspoon pepper
14 teaspoon oregano
14 teaspoon basil
1 package refriderator buttrmilk biscuits
In sauce pan combine soup, liquid from
can of salmon and the milk. Stir in salmon,
potatoes, onions and seasonings. Heat until
sauce begins to simmer, stirring occasion
ally. Empty into 2 quart casserole or baking
dish. Top with biscuits. Bake in pre-heated
400 F. oven for 15 to 20 minutes or until
biscuits are brown, serves 4.
ii k A "
Valuable earned income tips offered
by OSU News Tips
The Earned Income Credit (EIC) is a tax
benefit for working people who earn low or
moderate incomes. Workers who qualify for
the EIC and file a federal tax return can get
back some or all of the federal income tax
that was taken out of their pay during the
year. They may also get extra cash back from
the IRS.
Even workers whose earnings are too small
to have paid taxes can get the EIC. What's
more, the EIC, depending on their income
explains Alice Mills Morrow, Oregon State
University Extension Family Economics
Specialist.
Workers who were raising one child in
their home and family income of less than
$23,755 in 1994 can get an EIC of up to
$2,038.
Workers who were raising more than
one child in their home and had family in
come of less than $25,269 in 1994 can get an
EIC of up to $2,528.
Workers who were not raising children
in their home but were between ages 25 and
64 on December 31, 1994 and had income
below $9,000 can get an EIC of up to $306.
"Qualifying children" include: sons,
daughters, stepchildren, grand children, and
adopted children, sa long as they lived with
the taxpayers for more than half the year.
Nieces, nephews, children of a friend or
foster children can be "qualifying children"
if they lived with the taxpayer all year and
were cared for as members of the family.
"Qualifying children" must be under age
Stockman's Round Up: Mutton Mountain Group Meets
by Bob Pawelek
OSU Livestock
Agent
Range project priorities were the topic of
discussion for members of the Mutton Moun
tains Grazing District held February 15.
After a superb dinner of elk tenderloin,
chili con frijoles, stew and frybread, it was
time for dessert The meeting began with
Jason Smith executing the moderator duties.
Range & Ag Department accomplishments
for 1994 were reviewed, followed by a re
view of 1994 grazing group priorities.
Livestock water developments were and
are still the major focus for the Department
as well as the Mutton Mountains District
Three Deschutes River spring developments
and a solar water pump were installed last
year. 1995 priorities include requests for
further capture of natural surface water.
Spring developments at Black Bear
Springs and one on the west side of Shaniko
Butte were targeted as necessary projects, as
well as a series of stock ponds in the up
lands.
A well near Four Corners would serve
both the Mutton Mountains district and
Simnasho. Benefits would embrace im
proved watershed health and would help
stock take fuller advantage of the perennial
grasses. The Department is willing to invest
in drilling and pumping there, although bud
get constraints restrict the undertaking at
present.
The Charley Canyon Riparian Project
was also a topic of discussion, as were fire
rehab, grazing plan compliance, and the
salmon dilemma. Juniper management to
control the trees' usage of water was
resoundly supported. Juniper is known be a
major cause of upland vegetation deteriora
tion. Ride Bide changes and elections are to be
discussed at the next grazing group meet
ing, tentatively scheduled for February 28.
Six Forests Close
The gates to six National Forests have
been locked.
A federal judge's injunction barring any
activity, except salmon hatching, is being
carried out by the US Forest Service in the
Boise, Challis, Nez Perce, Payette, Salmon
and Sawtooth National Forests in Idaho,
Judge David Alan Ezra of Hawaii ruled
in favor of contentions by the Pacific Rivers
Council and the Wilderness Society that the
USFS and National Marine Fisheries Ser
vice were not protecting habitat for endan
gered species such as Sockeye, spring, sum
mer and fall Chinook salmon.
The Republican Senator from Idaho, Dirk
Kempthorn chairs the Clean Water, Fisher
ies and Wildlife subcommittee of the Senate
Environment and Public Works Committee.
He has written a letter to the White House in
which he wonders why, "...one agency of
tax-supported bureaucrats is locked in dis
agreements with another agency of tax-supported
bureaucrats while the very people
who pay the taxes are being put out of
business..."
Mild Winter a Mixed Blessing
Except for a brief skiff of snow a couple
week hack, we have had a relatively tniM
winter. So has the rest of the country. For
cattlemen, it means that teedlot operators in
the Texas Panhandle and elsewhere in the
South Plains are able to speed up their
production and increase profit margins. The
dry weather this season also has kept the
amount of mud on cattle at a minimum.
Another benefit is accelerated weight
gains. A drawback however, is that heavier
cattle means increased beef tonnage, which
might keep calf prices down. Especially
when an excess of cattle on wheat pasture or
Northern California grass hit the feedlots in
March and April.
Preventing Colic in Horses
Horses let you know that something is
wrong when they show signs of pain by
sweating, pawing, being restless, rolling, or
biting and kicking at the belly. This ab
dominal pain is called colic.
Colic is a leading cause of death and
illness in horses. What happens when a
horse colics is a change in the animal's
belly, such as a buildup of gas, twisting of
the intestine, or obstruction of the passage
of food material (impaction). Most epi
sodes of colic require only medical treat
ment. It can, however, be serious enough to
require surgery. Some cases are fatal.
Until recently, scientists have known
little about what actually causes colic. Mod
ern technology has helped us get a better
idea of what factors lead to colicky horses.
Risk Factors
Occupation
Breeding horses, namely broodmares,
are nearly twice as likely to colic compared
to horses in other occupations such as plea
sure horses.
Breed
Arabian horses have a significantly
higher risk of colic. They are 2 12 times
more likely to be colic cases compared to
Thoroughbred horses. G personally owned
a Half Arab mare who went through a whole
barrel of sweet feed who asked for seconds,
however.)
Management
Horses that receive care on a day-to-day
basis from their owners are less likely to
colic.
Recent pasture access
A horse's accessibility to a number of
pastures was found to be associated with
colic. Horses that had access to two or three
different pastures during the previous month
had a significantly lower colic risk compared
to horses that did not have any pasture ac
cess. The results suggest that moving horses
between pastures at intervals of 1 0 to 1 4 days
could lower colic risk.
Outside water access
Horses pastured outside without access
to water, even if outside for only one or two
hours, are more likely to be colic cases.
Horses older than six years of age appear to
be more susceptible to the effects of short
term water deprivation. These horses are 10
times more likely to get colic if kept outside
without access to water.
Concentrated feeds
Colic risk is elevated in horses that con
sume greater amounts of whole grain corn.
Colic risk is increased 70 for each one
pound increase in whole grain corn.
Worming
Horses wormed on a regular basis had
significantly reduced incidence of colic. This
finding may support the idea that gastroi
ntestinal parasites are a major cause of colic
in horses.
Medical history
A previous history of colic increases the
likelihood of colic reoccurring, being four
times more likely to have another episode.
Horses with a prior history of colic and a
recent (within the last four weeks) health
problem are at even greater risk of colic.
There is much more to learn regarding the
development of colic before one can imple
ment this information into specific care and
management practices. The most important
thing a horse owner can do is to think of
caring for the animal in terms of preventing
problems instead of treating them.
19 or under age 24 if they are full-time
students. Totally and permanently disabled
children of any age also are considered "quali
fying children."
Workers raising children in 1994 must
file either For 1040 or 1040A and must fill
out and attach Schedule EIC. Workers with
children cannot get the EIC if they file for
1040EZ and fail to attach Schedule EIC.
Married workers must file a joint return to
get the EIC.
Workers who were not raising children in
1994 can file any tax form - including the
1040EZ, These workers write "EIC" (or the
dollar amount of their credit) on the Earned
Income Credit line on the tax form. They do
not file Schedule EIC.
Workers don't have to calculate their own
EIC; if they choose, the IRS will do it for
them, Morrow adds.
Fruit pickle
recipies shared
by Norma L. Simpson
If you are not familiar with Chutney, it is
a fruit relish made from chucks of fruits and
or vegetables and nuts cooked in a sweet and
sour blend of herbs, spices, sugar and vin
egar. Chutney is served as a condiment with
meats, poultry and sandwiches.
The Fact Sheet has recipes for Crab Apple
Pickles, Fig Pickles, Peach Pickles, Water
melon Pickles, Pear Pickles. The Fact Sheet
also has recipes for three (3) types of Chutney-Peach
or Pear Chutney, Tomato Apple
Chutney and Apple Chutney.
If you want a copy of Fruit Pickles and
Chutney, you call call our office 553-3238.
We can mail it to you or you can pick up a
copy in the rack by Norma's office in the
Education Center.
Watermelon Rind Pickles
4 qts cubed watermelon ring 1 Tbsp.
whole cloves
1 gal. cold water
1 Tbsp. whole allspice
1 cup canning salt
14 tsp. mustard seed
2 cups vinegar
3 sticks cinnamon
7 cups sugar
12 cup thinly sliced lemon
Pare watermelon rind, removing green
and pink portions. Cut rind into 1 inch pieces.
Dissolve salt in water, add rind and let stand
6 hours or overnight Drain, rinse and cover ;
with cold water in large sauce pot Cook until
tender, about 20 minutes; drain and set aside.
Combine vinegar, sugar and spices tied in a
cheesecloth bag in a large sauce pot Bring to
a boil and cook 10 minutes. Add rind, sim
mer until transparent Remove spice bag.
Pack rind into hot jars, leaving 14 inch
he ad space. Pour hot liquid over rind, leaving
14 inch headspace. Remove air bubbles.
Adjust caps. Process pints 10 minutes in
boiling water bath. Yield: about 6 pints.