Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
August 19, 1994 Page 7
Encourage Warm Springs youth to stay in school
Young people in Warm Sprines need a
special kind of help from parents and friends.
They need to be encouraged to stay in school
to finis.; their high school diplomas on time.
Yes, you can get a GED, that valuable piece
of paper that says you are done. But that first
piece of paper is only the beginning. Here in
Warm Springs you have many opportunities
to have more than one piece of academic
Eapcr. And each level of paper represents a
ighcr level of knowledge which help you
earn more money.
In July, the Census Bureau compared the
1992 earnings of Americans based on their
education. Folks with a high school
educations earned $18,737, compared to
students with a bachelor degree who earned
$32,629. And folks with a masters degree
earned an averaged $48,653. The difference
is staggering.
What is more staggering is when you see
the difference between those who do not
finish high school and those with an Associate
degree or a Masters degree, when you look at
their lifetime earnings. It makes you think it
would be a good idea to get additional
training.
The Bureau of Census study estimates the
toiiowing lilctime earnings:
education docs give you more options in the
future. And more education gives you more
confidence about handling situations that
are new to you and your family.
DON'T LET ANYONE TELL YOU
THAT YOU HAVE TO GO TO
SCHOOL-TELL YOUSELF...TO
CONROL YOUR FUTURE.
Deadbeat parents may get caught
No High School diploma
High School Graduate
Attended College
Associate Degree
Bachelor's Degree
Master's Degree
Doctorate Degree
Professional Degree
$ 609,000
$ 832,000
$ 993,000
$1,062,000
$1,421,000
$1,629,000
$2,142,000
$3,013,000
While money doesn't make all dreams
come true nor guarantee happiness, more
by Norma L. Simpson
The state of Maine may have just solved
the problem of the Deadbeat Dads and Moms.
Those are the guys and gals who have lots of
children, then run off to leave them to care
for the children with someone else to care for
the next 18 years. The technique has been to
take away the licenses-driver's license,
business licenses and professional licenses
from parents whodon't support their children.
I first learned about this law from a brief
radio broadcast. But Friday, July 29, the
Boston Globe columnist, Ellen Goodman,
wrote a B ulletin article to explain the details.
The reason that the dcadbeats have been
unable to make the support payments, is that
they have been able to get away with it. Well
a year ago in August, Maine sent notices to
17,000 parents who were more than 90 days
late in their support payments. All were
warned to pay up, to make a pay mcnt plan, or
risk losing a license.
Goodman says that a man with a license to
run a junkyard-who had not paid child support
in 10 years-came in the day after he got the
notice and said "You got me now". A long
haul trucker came in to pay $19,000, and
another procrastinator paid $4,000.
By June 1994, the state of Maine had
collected $12.0 million from 10,000 people
in a state of only one million people before
the first license was taken away. A few weeks
ago, eight men who collectively owed
$140,000 shared the dubious honor of being
first to lose their license to drive.
In the aftermath of Maine's success, a
dozen states are considering similar laws that
apply to AFDC and non-AFDC families alike.
There are plans to make state laws reciprocal,
so that parents with children in one state and
licenses in another would be vulnerable for
child support violations as they are for driving
violations.
In the USA, 97 of the non-compliant,
non-custodial parents are fathers, they may
start to finally pay their bills. In 1992, they
owed $33 billion to their 23 million children.
Maybe at last we have found a way to catch
the irresponsible bad guys and gals.
If anyone would like a copy of the
Goodman's article, give me a call at 553
3238 and we'll send you a copy.
A
EXTENSION
SERVICE
Information provided by:
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
Arlene Boileau
Bob Pawelek
Norma Simpson
Carol Stevens
Crystal Winlshut
Tim Wojtusik
Clint Jacks
OSU Extension Staff:
4-H & Youth
Livestock
Home Economics
4-H
4-H Assistant
Agriculture
Staff Chair, Madras
Tho above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Check water heater operation to reduce costs
Mammograms can detect cancer early
by Norma L. Simpson
Today I received another "A-Ok" report
from the hospital after a mammogram last
week. While I was waiting to see if the x-rays
were clear, I picked up a brochure called
"Caring for Your Breasts". It's clearer and
more informative than many brochures that
you often see, so I ordered a bunch to distribute
at the OSU Extension office.
One example is the drawing of the sizes of
lumps that are detected by different kins of
BSE, Breast Self Examinations. If you
practice regular BSE, you will be able to
detect a lump about the size of your little
finger nail, as in 3 of the drawing. INSERT
CLIPART
A mammogram will identify an average
size lump about like a bead, size 5 as in
drawing 5.
The earlier the lump is detected, the better
the chance is for a cure without an operation.
Many women, young and old, have been
successfully cured of cancer. So don' delay.
The Horror of Learning About Cancer
I recall the horror of learning my
mammogram results when the doctor said
that I had fibrocyctic disease and that I should
have an operation as soon as possible before
I went overseas. That was in 1978. 1 couldn't
believe it. Why me?!
Fortunately a friend, who had a
mastectomy, suggested Igeta second opinion.
Her cancer doctor gave me a quick exam and
promptly removed two vials of brownish
fluid by aspirating with a needle and a syringe.
The lab tests confirmed that the cyst s fluid
was not cancerous. In the brochure "Caring
for Your Breasts" it says "Fibrocystics
Disease-These common non-cancerous cysts
cause tender breasts, especially before
menstrual periods." The x-ray images like
broken glass were nothing to worry about
Regular BSE and Yearly Mammograms
Each year, an estimated 44,000 women
die of breast cancer while only 300 men die
of breast cancer. An 86-yearoldfamily friend
has survived breast cancer detected in 1960,
when doctors were just beginning to
understand what treatment could prevent
death.
Today early detection has greatly reduced
the deaths of both women and men. Most
cancers are found in the upper outer part of
the breast, nearest the arm pit The doctors in
Australia, and Papua New Guinea did
Salpatitation probes more deeply into the
esh than doctors I have found here. The arm
pit area is the location of the lymph nodes
which is normally affected by cancer which
spreads the disease to other parts of the body.
Early treatment will prevent the spread of
cancer. Sure the mammogram machine
pinches and hurts a bit, but not nearly like the
pain of the disease.
Water heating is the second biggest energy
expense in most older homes, points out
Dave Brook.OSU Extension energy agent in
Portland. In new homes with high insulation
levels, water heating may cost more than
space heating.
You can keep your water heating bills
down by helping your water heater make hot
water efficiently and by using hot water
wisely. Brook suggests the following steps:
1) Set your water heater to 120 degree F.
That's hot enough for home use, even for
automatic dishwashers. Changing your water
heater setting should take no more than 5
minutes. Electric water heaters have two
thermostats, for top and bottom elements.
Use a mean thermometer to check the
temperature of hot water from a faucet 6
hours later. Readjust the water heater setting
if necessary. 2) Insulate your water heater.
An insulating blanket costs about $10 and
pays for itself in less than a year. Even water
heaters located indoors should be insulated.
3) Install water-saving showerheads.
According to Consumer Reports tests, new
water-saving showerheads produce an
excellent spray. 4) Rinse all clothes washing
loads with cold water. Many people find that
they can wash most of their loads in cold
water too, especially if they use liquid
detergents. Follow fabric care label
instructions as well as the detergent
manufacturer's recommendations. Your old
warm setting may be too cool for heavily
soiled loads. 5) Don'llcave the faucet running
when washing dishes by hand. Use two sinks
or basins, one for washing, one for rinsing, or
rinse dishes as a group. If you use a
dishwasher, run full loads only.
If you regularly run out of hot water,
Brook recommends that you observe how
long it takes for the water heater to recover a
full tank of hot water. For electric water
heaters, a long recovery time likely means a
burnt-out element. You can test elements
with an electrical continuity meter. Elements
cost about $10 and are easy to replace, but
you'll have to drain the tank first.
If you have an older gas water heater,
slow recovery time could be a sign that the
heat transfer fins inside the tank have
corroded and the tank may need to be
replaced.
Pay yourself first to establish viable savings plan
It's easy to get caught up in day-to-day
living and not think about the future. This
may not be a problem today or tomorrow, but
in the long run-when it is time for new job
training, college, or retirement-a lack of
savings may limit your choices, points out
Alice Mills Morrow, Oregon State University
(OSU) Extension family economics
specialist.
Saving is simply postponed spending, not
self-denial. It's a positive step leading to
financial control, peace of mind, financial
progress and flexibility. Some experts
recommend an emergency savings fund equal
to 4 to 6 months of expenses. Another
recommendation is saving 10 to 20 percent
of your after-tax income.
"You may think, "There is no way I can
save any money, let alone 1 0 to 20 percent! ',
but most people find they can save when they
really make an effort," Morrow adds.
The specialist offers these tips to help you
to develop regular spending habits.
1. Pay yourself first. Make your "savings
bill" a part of your spending plan, just like
rent or utility bills. When you pay your other
bills, pay your savings bill by depositing the
money in your savings account.
2. Use payroll deductions. Have your
employer deposit your savings directly from
your pay into a credit union or bank account.
If you never see it, you are less likely to miss
it.
3. Establish several savings accounts.each
one for a particular goal. Having several
smaller accounts may cost you a little in
annual interest, but your motivation to save
will be much stronger and you will be able to
see your progress toward each goal more
clearly.
4. Save "bonus" income. Try to save tax
refunds, gift money, refunds, rebates and
unexpected income.
5. Use zero-based checking. Save by
moving any remaining balance from your
checking account into your savings account
For safety, follow canning procedures carefully; boil home-canned foods before serving
by Norma L. Simpson
This week a woman from West Hills called
about a strange occurrence. She had been
canning for 20 years, but never had lids
creased when she took them out of the water
bath. I haven't seen the results yet, but the
Master Food Preserver book tell us that lids
will buckle and jars may break if the ring is
too tight, especially with raw-packed
pressure-processed food.
When you have filled the sterilized jar,
wiped the edge of any food or juice, put the
lid on which has been heated according to the
manufacturers directions. The heating is to
sterilize and soften the gasket material on the
lid. The hot self-sealing gum on the lid will
form a tight seal with the bottle.
Next put the ring on the jar. Tighten ring
just to hold the lid in place, then tighten a
quarter turn more. When the ring is that tight,
the gummy gasket on the lid will form the
seal on the mouth of the jars, yet allows the
air to come out as needed until the processing
time is complete. When the hot jars are
removed from processing pan, the gummy
gasket will begin to cool, finishing the sealing
process. When the jars are cool, the lids
begin to pop and ping, as the vacuum seal is
completed.
Standard canning jars have a flat surface
on the jars opening which seals perfectly
when the gasket cools. If you try to sue salad
dressing bottles, the edge is rounded, not
flat, like this drawing and the seal will not be
good.
Salad dressing bottles are not made of
glass intended to be used a second time.
Mason canning jars are made of special glass
to use many times and are flat on the lip of the
opening.
The Master Food Preserver book also
recommends buying only the quantity of lids
that you will use in a year.
ONLY PRESSURE CANNING FOR
VEGETABLES, POULTRY, FISH
AND MEAT
The most serious recommendation that
we make about canning is please to
PRESSURE CAN ALL LOW-ACID
FOODS. These are foods: vegetables,
poultry, fish and meat that must be processed
at 240 degrees F. to kill harmful bacteria that
grown in canned foods.
Unfortunately we have more of this type
of bacteria in the soil in the Northwest states
which is why we retested all the canning
recommendations to be sure that the
temperature is hot enough to be safe for our
families to eat the foods. That is also why we
do not recommend use of half-gallon or
gallon jars for low-acid foods. The
temperature inside the jar is not hot enough
to kill the harmful botulism bacteria.
SAFETY FIRST
Canner Gauges
Be sure the pressure canner is operating
properly. If you have dropped the lid, or if
you have been doing a lot of canning, you
should have the pressure canner diai gauge
checked for accuracy. For our elevation in
Warm Springs (between 2,001 and 4,000
feet) we use 12 pounds of pressure on the dial
to reach 240 degrees F inside the jars.
If you have a pressure canner that uses
weights that rock back and forth, be sure that
all the elements of the gauge are there. Some
gauges come apart for 5, 1 0 and 1 5 pounds of
pressure. Above 1,000 feet elevation you
will use the 15 pound weight.
Exhaust Air in the Canner
Always exhaust air from the pressure
canner before letting the pressure build up in
the canner. If you do not vent or exhaust the
air first, the air will be trapped inside the
canner. That lowers the temperature inside
the canner and the temperatures will not
reach the 240 degree F temperature needed to
kill the bacteria.
No No Ovens
Never can in any oven (electric, gas or
microwave). The temperature inside the jars
does not get hot enough to kill the harmful
bacteria.
Boil Home-Canned Food
For extra guarantee of safety, boil home
canned vegetables for at least 10 minutes
before eating them. Boiling before eating
will destroy any harmful bacteria or poison
they produce.
whenever you deposit another paycheck.
6. Save coupon money. Save the amount
you "save" by using coupons at the grocery
or drugstore. If you save $2 a week using
grocery coupons, put an equal amount in
your savings account.
7. Pay installments to yourself. Once you
pay off an installment loan (and if other loans
are not overdue), continue to make
"payments" to your savings account
8. Collect loose change. At the end of
every week (or more often) empty out your
pockets and wallet, and put the change in a
jar. Every other week or once a month, deposit
the change in your savings account
9. Break the habit. Every time you do not
have a snack at coffee break or do not spend
money in the soda machine, save the money
you did not spend.
10. Save lunch money. Get up 10 minutes
earlier and make your own lunch instead of
buying it Save the money you would have
spent on lunch.
1 1. Save money on sales. When you buy
an item on sale, save the difference between
the sale price you paid and the "full" price
you would have paid if the item had not been
on sale.
12. Have a "frugal" week. Designate one
week a month as "frugal" week. Spend only
for what is absolutely necessary; do without
whenever possible. Deposit all the money
you would have spent in your savings account
13. Use a "crash budget". A crash budget
works just like a crash diet-you try to cut out
all unnecessary spending and save as much
as possible.
Camp to involve many children
Arlene is once again shepherding about
forty (40) Warm Springs youth up to Trout
kJ0
Lake forthe 1994 4-H Wilderness Enrichment
Camp. The kids will be involved in a number
of outdoor activities, such as hiking up to the
summit of Olallie Peak. They will learn
traditional values held by our elders. They
will also enjoy baked salmon in the cool
evening breeze.
Many people have volunteered their time
to assist Arlene in this annual event. In the
next issue of the Spilyay, they will be named
and thanked in a most generous way. The
kids who make it to the top of Olallie will
also get their names printed in the paper.
Proposed agriculture project to revitalize Moody property-
A proposed agriculture project will
revitalize the irrigable agricultural land on
the property at the mouth of the Warm Springs
Stockman's Roundup: Another tribal enterprise?
mm
S3
Bob Pawelek
OSU Extension Agent
Livestock and Range
For the past six months, we have been
researching an opportunity to establish
another tribal enterprise. Together with the
Economic Development Department and
Natural Resources, we are appraising a project
that could open up opportunities for tribal
members who want to get into the cattle
business.
A new proposal for a range and livestock
development project will establish a Tribal
Herd of stocker calves on the Warm Springs
Reservation. A pilot herd of one hundred
calves will be established and managed for
purposes of testing the ability of the
Reservation's range to provide a traditional
means of revenue for tribal members.
The basic premise is this:
1. Implement a Tribal Cattler Herd under
the control and management of the Natural
Resources Department
2. Establish a revolving loan fund of
$75,000 to support the project managed by
the Tribal Credit Department renewable
annually based success and financial
performance.
3. Evolution of entrepreneurial support
for tribal members wishing to buy into the
herd.
4. Provide further programs which
encourage more 4-H youth involvment in
livestock management
Once Tribal Council has approved the
project and the Revolving Loan Fund has
been established, certain repairs at the 4-H
range on Sid waiter Flats will be needed
(corrals and fences). The 4-H range,
approximately 1000 acres, will serve as
pasturage for the plot herd. The Range is
divided into 3 pastures, all of which have
been underutilized for several years. Proper
grazing rotation will easily support 100
yearling calves.
If all goes well, total project profit for the
first year will exceed $12,000. A good year
will expedite anothr stocking in 1996, this
time with heifers. From a herd of 100 yearling
heifers, the top producting half (50 calves)
will be held to form a core for a cow-calf
operation. Warm Springs will then be well
on its way to supply the demand for natural,
low fat range-fed beef.
4-H Herd Recovering
It's been a long, hot summer for the 4-H
Herd. Pastured at the old 4-H feedlot on
Tenino road, the five cows and three steers
have been menaced by packs of dogs each
morning and evening for several weeks. They
have also been harassed by several two
legged predators with nothing better to do.
If you happen to drive by the pasture and
observe a peculiar occurence as described
above, please contact the police department
The folk down there have been very willing
to help get the 4-H Herd going again, but we
could also use your help to keepthe vandalism
in check.
After alL it's for the kids.
river known as the Moody Property.
The proposal includes the installation of
a new irrigation system-a center pivot, using
the Deschutes River as a water source. The
project objectives will be to bring a prime
piece of agricultural land back into
production. It should also prove out a business
model which can be duplicated by tribal
members wishing to get into farming
business.
The project will bring approximately 80
acres under cultivation again, and should
yield high value commodity crops worth
about $1000 per acre. It will help support the
need for more economic diversification and
land-based business opportunities for tribal
members.
Preparing the infrastructure will be
accomplished within three to four months of
receiving approval from Tribal Council. This
will include land prep and fence building,
installation of the irrigation draw pipe, pump
and feed lines and obtaining the three-phase
power drop from Wasco Electric needed for
the electric pump.
If there is still time in 1994, a weed control
crop may be planted and held over until the
spring or an alfalfa crop may be possible. By
1995, a high-value cash crop may then be
planted as a tribal enterprise. If successful,
the project will encourage and supportsmall
tract farming of selected high value crops,
providing extra revenue for tribal members.
Register now for Sept. 17 Sewing Fair
by Norma L. Simpson
The schedule and registration forms have
arrived for the Sewing Fair 1994, September
16-17 at the Portland Memorial Coliseum.
When I announced the event earlier in the
Spilyay, I did not know that advanced
registration is required for the 64 Seminars
which are held during the Fair. You select
three (3) free seminars as part of the admission
price of $7 or $6for one day only. If you wish
to attend any additional seminars, the cost is
$2 each.
It's better to register in advance so that
you will have tickets to the Seminars that
you wish to see. The seminars will
compliment the 1 50 exhibits that you wander
through at any time.
Make checks payable to Portland HEIB
for each person registering. Send with a
stamped self-addressed envelop so that your
tickets can be returned to you by September
1,1994.
Already we have four registrations for the
Warm Springs van transportation which will
be provided from the Education Center on
September 17. That means that we have
spaces for six (6) more people, all eligible for
a $ 1 discount on the general admission price.
Call Salli or Norma L. at the OSU
Extension office 353-3238 to register.