SpilyayTymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
July 22, 1994 PAGE 7
Institute draws up 12-step plan for
by Norma Simpson
;' The latest issue of "Western Wire" the
magazine of the Western Rural Development
Center includes an article about health reform
which summarizes the major concerns affect
us in Central Oregon. Since Health Reform
is one of the major policy issues that concerns
the Extension home economics agents, I've
spent a lot of time looking at the videos and
attending training sessions in June.
: Here are a list of 12 concerns expressed
by the Rural Policy Research Institute located
in the mid west. They look very much like the
concerns expressed in Oregon.
Issue 1: Increasing the National's supply
of primary care physicians and improving
their geographic distribution. The
suggestions includes need for incentives built
; into the recruitment of rural students and
.training them in rural areas.
; Issue 2: Enhancing and accommodating
: the role of the non-physician providers in
.rural areas. Such providers include nurse
iSixth annual Sewing Fair scheduled
l by Norma L. Simpson
t Plans are underway for the sixth Portland
Home Economists in Business Sewing Fair
with a Warm Springs Extension Service van
full of eager seamstresses for new fall and
holiday ideas. The first 10 participants to
"sign up will receive a $ 1 discount coupon for
the admission, which sells for $7. OSU
Warm Springs Extension provides the
transportation and you provide the rest for
the day excursion, to put your name on the
list for discounts contact 533-3238.
: The event is scheduled for September 16
and 17. However, the Extension Van leaves
on September 17 at 7 a.m. on Saturday
morning and returns at 9:30 p.m.
: The 175 sewing fair exhibits booths will
feature everything from fashion and craft
trends, pattern making and quilting supplies,
jewing machines with computer screens that
Carpent Ant Control
Carpenter ants can
: Its time once again for Carpenter Ants.
About this time of year large black ants are
found by homeowners inside, outside and all
around the house. This is especially true for
homes located near the woods. These ants are
Carpenter Ant Queens. Each spring ant nests
release large numbers of winged queens. The
queens mate with winged males and quickly
shed their wings so you rarely see the winged
ants. Don't be overly alarmed, most of the
queens die before they can ever start new
nests.
Here are a few facts about Carpenter Ants:
1) Carpenter Ants are relatively large black,
Year of the Family symbol used in beadwork
by Norma Simpson
We are midway through the International
Year of the Family sponsored by the United
Nations and thousands of organizations
around the world. You've seen the symbol
many times in the Spilyay. Before I went to
the American HomeEconomics Association
conference in San Diego, I asked Kimiko
Mitchell to make several gifts for people to
be honored at the conference using the
emblem of the International Year of the
Family.
The emblem is even more beautiful in
beadwork. You'll see me wearing the latest
necklace with the 3 inch wide medallion.
Two others were ordered by a woman from
California and another one by a woman
from Connecticut. Both home economists
are now attending a conference in England,
where each country will display the many
ways they have promoted the International
Year of the family.
A hear sheltered by a roof, linked by
another heart, symbolizes life and love in a
Stockman's Roundup: Corral designs
ll
Bob Pawelek
OSU Extension Agent
Livestock and Range
Corral Designs
Lots of folks come to the Extension office
for information regarding working pens.
Sometimes I'm not there, and foils may
leave empty handed. Well, I would like to
share with you what I have. There are several
plans which I feel can help the hobby rancher,
and those I include in today's column.
Another nifty idea for calving season-an
edible windbreak. This can be constructed
from six round bales of hay and two sheets of
plywood. Position four bales in an "L" shape.
Put the next two bales parallel to the first two
in order to form a IT shape. Lay your
plywood on top of the bales. This is a neat
idea in case you need feed the calves.
I have lots of play designs for feed bunks,
self-feeders, gates, loading chutes and cattle
guards. Stop by the office and I'll get what
you need
practitioners, physician assistants, certified
nurse midwives. Unfortunately the national
supply is limited and a number of barriers
prevent their full potential from being
realized. We can do some thing about
conditions to improve our health care options.
Issue 3: Cost-effective programs
designed to affect the supply of providers
and the availability and accessibility of
facilities. It is important that the reform not
lost sight of the critical role these types of
programs play to have access to rural
populations.
Issue 4: Ensuring sensitivity to rural
needs and concerns in any type of restructured
system of health care. It will take all the
creativity we can muster to form multi-county
alliances to overcome the existing problems.
Issue 5: Financing reform from Medicare
"savings". Because of the High proportion of
elderly in rural areas, Medicare is a critical
source of payment for providers. Reforms
should not put the rural providers at risk. The
show the stitch designs and software to make
them work. You'll see all kinds of new
equipment and tools to make sewing exciting
and rewarding.
Daily shows and seminars include: The
Business of Sewing, Breaking the Rules with
Quick Sewing Skills; The Art of Sewing
Sleeves; The ABCs of Teaching Young
Children to Sew; New Developments in Pant
Fitting; and The Fabulous Creative Sergcr.
You can get a complete list of the shows and
seminars by sending a stamped self-addressed
envelope to HEIR, PO Box 2009, Portland,
OR 97208
The volunteers from the HEIR and the
Oregon Home Economics Association use
the event to raise funds for college
scholarships and continuing education of
HEIB members.
do serious structural damage to just
or red and black ants found around dwellings.
The worker ants often appear in two different
size classes, large and small. These are the
major and minor workers. Major workers are
the soldiers of the nest while minor workers
mostly collect food. 2) Carpenters Ants don't
eat wood, they only nest in it. They eat sweets
and protein (as in dead insects), both collected
outdoors. 3) Carpenter ants can infest sound,
dry wood as well as wall voids, tree stumps,
attic insulation. In short, just about anything
that is, or can be made into a cavity. 4)
Carpenter Ants can do serious structural
damage so they must be taken seriously. 5)
home where one finds warmth, caring,
security, togetherness, tolerance and
acceptance is the official emblem.
Minimum Working Corral
Holding Pen, 20 sq. ft. per mature animal.
Crowding Pen, 1 50 sq. ft or one truckload.
Working Chute, 18 to 30 ft. long, 26"
max. bottom width headgate.
Loading Chute, 30" to 42" wide.
Useful Features
Additional holding pens.
Blocking Gates-prevent crowding at
scale, cutting gates, spray area, or squeeze.
Cutting Gates-separate animals by weight
age, health, etc.
Squeeze-restricts animal more than
headgate, for veterinary services; required
for branding.
Scale-either large platform for truck or
stock, or portable, for use in working chutes.
Spray Pen-8'x30' for one carload;
crowding pen may be use or dipping vat
Sorting Alley-10' to 12' wide.
Provide water in lots for holding cattle
overnight Provide for feed and water in one
holding pen to be used as bull pen.
'Loading Chute
FUNNEL CROWDING PEN
r- Head Gate f S X J
' "-Slocking B
y1 Gote g
health reform
adequacy of Medicare payments what are
"allowable costs," and the "cost-shifting"
related to Medicare are critical issues from a
rural perspective.
Issue 6: Preventing the permanent
institutional ization of exisung reimbursement
inequities. Health reform legislation should
address the ongoing concern of rural payment
equity. It does not do that at the present.
Issue 7: Reducingeliminating
uncompensated care via universal coverage
and appropriate limits on co-insurance and
deductibles.
Issue 8: Reducing current administrative
complexity. The goal should be to simplify
and reduce the bureaucracy.
Issue9: Appropriate requests for
information from rural providers. It has been
very visible to me the burden that I have had
to place on the providers of my health care
during the past year, and I have only been one
of many in line.
Issue 10: Rural access to health insurance.
The rates of uninsured and under-insured are
!;enerally higher among the rural population
or reasons that include lower household
incomes, relatively few large "insurance
purchasing pools" and poorer health status.
One of a number of proposals is the tax
deduction of entire premium for the self
employed. Issue 1 1: Financing mechanisms that are
sensitive to rural economic reality. Lower
incomes in rural areas mean the population
has less ability to pay.
Issue 12: Rural economic development
Several senariarios often occur that are
harmful to the local economy. (A) People in
need of care with purchasing power go
elsewhere because of inadequate local
service. (B) People in need of care with
purchasing power do not nee care because of
inadequate local services. (C) People in need
of care do not have purchasing power use
local service but no local spending course.
(D) People and businesses leave and will not
locate in rural areas for lack of health services.
They live in colonies with a queen ant The
queen directs nest activity. 6) Unlike termites,
carpenter ants must have access to outdoors
for the colony to collect food.
Detection: The best ways to detect a
carpenter ant nest are (1) find sawdust piles
near openings of their nests. The sawdust is
kicked out as digging proceeds. (2) Find ants
trailing into or out of the dwelling, perhaps
through a crack or under the siding (this, by
itself, does not locate the nest, it only indicates
that there is a nest(s) somewhere inside. (3)
Listen for scraping sounds of worker ants as
they enlarge the nest inside a wall (the house
must be very quiet). And, (4) nest are often
' uncovered during remodelingconstruction.
Biology: A carpenter ant colony is
composed of thousands of workers (both
major and minor), a queen and at certain
times of the year, male and female winged
reproductives. Workers tend the queen and
young, defend, clean and expand the nest
and forage for food. The queen lays eggs and
directs colony life. The reproductives are
produced generally in the spring to establish
new colonies. Winged females are the
"founding queens".
The colony survives on food brought back
to the next by workers. This food is mainly
APHID HONEYDEW, a sticky sweet liquid
secreted by aphids andcollected from infested
plants near the nest This, by the way, is
another good reason not to plant shrubs right
next to the house where aphids can build up.
Carpenter Ants are also scavengers and prey
directly on small insects.
In early springs, before aphids and other
foods are abundant, workers may forage
indoors, often in kitchens. Common, but
overlooked passageways into a house are
telephone, TV and electrical cables,
especially if they pass near trees that harbor
aphids. Aphids are so important to the colony
that worker ants often "tend" them, much
Holding Pen
Blocking
Gore
CIRCULAR
Positive crowding, more difficult to construct, less
useful for other purposes.
I Pen . Pen I
SORTING ALLEY
With Cross Gates, Can Be Used For Spraying & Holding
I I Information provided by;
owKinMsrATi ukvwvty OSU Extension
JAS. EXTENSION at Warm Springs
5uV SERVICE 1110 Wasco Street
ySjyr 553-3238.
OSU Extension Staff:
Arleno Bolleau 4-H & Youth
Bob Pawelek Livestock
Norma Simpson Home Economics
Carol Stevens 4-H
Crystal Winlshut 4-H Assistant
Tim Wojtusik Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras
Th above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Clover speaks
Warm Springs 4-H Program
What's going on in the OSU Extension
about anything
like cows.
Control: usually, control of carpenter ants
is best left to competent pest control operators,
(PCOs) or 'exterminators'. They have access
to products that homeowners don't and they
have the experience necessary to locate nests.
Here are some suggestions: Contact as
many companies as possible and interview
them. If you don't get straight answers, go
somewhere else. Don't be panicked into a
quick decision. Most carpenter ant
infestations develop slowly so you have
plenty of time to carefully consider your
course of action. Ask about a warranty. Most
outfits offer 1-3 years. Don't fall into the
"fumigation" trap. Fumigation's of homes is
almost never necessary and is always
extremely expensive. (If you are not familiar
with it, fumigation is the procedure where
they place a large tent over the structure and
pump poisonous gas inside.) Finally,
monthly maintenance treatments" are not
recommended. Most situations can be dealt
with on a one time basis followed up by
annual inspections.
A note on safety: Carpenter ant treatments
are safe when done correctly. Gone are the
highly toxic, long persistence insecticides of
yesteryear (which is why you need yearly
inspections!). But, it is still a good idea to
keep away from freshly treated areas; in fact,
leave for the day the house is to be treated.
Also, remove pets and cover fish tanks.
Some of the least toxic and most effective
carpenter ant insecticides are: boric acid,
cyfluthrin (Tempo WP), cypermethrin
(Demon WP), encapsulated chlorpyrifor
(Empire 20 WP) and encapsulated diazinon
(Knox-out).
Good luck and don't panic! Be sure to
read and follow the pesticide product label.
The label is the final word on what does or
does not constitute a legal and safe
application.
i 5' , Gate-
$rp? 0 0 0 ' "tCL
i Lot
, 8' ,. 10' ,5' r i
Holding Pen
Or Lot
iT Pen
- : :
t- Blocking
A K Crowdinol LV
Office? Who is doing what? Lets start with
the 4-H Program, Carol Stevens has moved
on to attend collage. Her position will not be
filled until a later date. Carol will be missed,
we will miss her creative and energy filled
pace around the OSU Extension office. We
the OSU Extension office staff wish her the
best in her life and her future.
Crystal and Arlene are working with Warm
Springs 4-H Wilderness Enrichment Camp,
Rainbow Dancers, Oregon Games, Country
Fairs and State Fair.
Summer Youth Workers are Jenny M.
Langnese and Wayne L. Gilbert. JTPA worker
is Norma Smith Jackson. Secretary is Salli
Blacketer.
Norma Simpson is busy teaching class
with the Summer Youth Program and is
helping Jeanne Thomas from the Museum
design vests for the Summer Youth Workers
at the Museum and planning canning and
freezing fruits and veggies for later this
summer. Tim Wojtusik is busy planning a
work shop with Mike Bower from the
Deschutes County Extension Office. The
topic will be Central Oregon Gardening at
Warm Springs.
Also in planning is 4-H Clubs for the fall,
the new 4-H year will be starting in October.
If you have a desire to be a 4-H leaders please
contact Arlene Boileau or Cyrstal Winishut
at 553-3238.
Plant short season
annual flowers for late
summer color
By late summer, many flower gardens are
ast their peak of showy blossoms. Prevent
ate summer lack-of-color doldrums, by
planting short-season annual flowers now.
Most of Oregon's growing region still
have at least ten weeks of frostfree weather
remaining according to Ray NcNeiland,
Oregon State University (OSU) Extension
home gardening agent. There's still enough
time to plant fast-growing annual favorites
from seed like California poppies, marigolds,
nasturtiums, zinnias, petunias, portulaca and
sweet alyssums.
Plant annuals along borders and in spaces
previously occupied by spring flowering
bulbs. Water seedlings daily on hot dry days
until established.
SIMPLE LAYOUTS Por,abi.
Rlrk!, Loading Chute
IN LOT CORNER
Head Gate
!lood
U4
y icr i j.s' 5'
IN BARN CORNER