Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
May 27, 1994 PAGE 9
Remodeling to ensure options for safety, access
by Norma L. Simpson
The American Association of Retired Persons has many
programs to help people to live better in later life. In April I
received a copy of The Do-Able Renewable Home. Only today did
I have a chance to really see the many practical things in the booklet
which would be very helpful here in Warm Springs. It includes
ways to help those who have problems associated with growing
older, vision and hearing loss, hand limitations, limitation of the
range of reach like the top shelves in your in your closets, and
mobility impairments like the stairs that you can no longer climb
without handrails of a whcelchairl ramp. I have ordered some
additional copies of the book which includes drawings like these:
Until the Do-Able Renewable Home booklets arrive, there are
some other suggestions from the OSU Housing Specialist, Mary
Ann Sward. There are five basic features that make any home
easily and inexpensively adaptable to the use of a walker or
wheelchair.
' ' First, be sure that you have one bathroom, the kitchen, a living
area and a room which could be converted to a bedroom located on
the entry level of the home. This arrangement permits a person
unable to climb stairs to have access to important areas of the
home.
Second, be sure interior doors are at least 32 inches wide (36
inches is even better), to permit easy entry of walkers and
wheelchairs. Changing the door width later can be very
expensive, but when it's done as part of a room remodel, the cost
is moderate. You may never need the extra width yourself, but
it can be important resale feature.
Third, be sure all stairways have good lighting and handrails
are anchored to wall studs. Railings should be added to outside
entries if you do not have them.
Fourth, add grab bars in the bathroom, especially in the tub
area. Leave room for grab bars to be installed later around the
toilet. Like the bathroom door, the toilet is traditionally wedged
into the smallest place possible. If you're remodeling a bath be
sure to plan a little extra room around the toilet, if you ever need
to install a taller toilet and grab bars for wheelchairs use you can
do so fairly inexpensively. If you don't have the space it would
require major remodeling and major expense.
Fifth, be sure halls and entrances to rooms off those halls
have sufficient room for a wheelchair to turn. Ideally, a five
foot radius is best, but a smaller radius will work if you place
doors opposite each other so a thrce-pointcd-tum is possible.
Remake the doorways 18
to 24 inches away from the
wall near the door. That means
that the wheelchair operator
can easily open the door.
Remake the doorways
at least 32 inches wide. If
the door is not essential,
remove the door.
Slide Bolts are fairly easy to
operate if at the right height and
nearly the same security as dead
bolts.
Narrow doorways make it difficult
for people using a walker and
impossible for those in wheelchairs.
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Information provided bv:
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
Arlene Boileau
Bob Pawelek
Norma Simpson
Carol Stevens
Crystal Winishut
Tim Wojtuslk
Clint Jacks
OSU Extension Staff:
4-H & Youth
Livestock
Home Economics
4-H
4-H Assistant
Agriculture
Staff Chair, Madras
The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based information from
Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in Agriculture, Home
Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Development, Energy and Extension
Sea Grant programs. Oregon State University, United States Department of
Agriculture, Jefferson County and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
cooperating. The Extension Service offers its programs and materials equally to all
people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Family events planned for summer
Oregon blessed with many butterflies-
by Carol Savonen
Oregon is blessed with more than 150
species of butterflies. A little more than half
these species are found only in eastern Oregon
and about 30 species are found only in Western
Oregon.
Home gardeners don't need a large yard to
provide the basics for butterfly survival. All
they need are nectar plants, larval host plants,
resting areas, sun and water, explained Gail
Gredler, home horticulturist with the Oregon
State University (OSU) Extension Service.
Grow nectar plants for butterflies in
anything from window boxes to wildflower
meadows. Nectar-rich wildflowers include
aster, bleeding heart, butterfly weed
(Asclepias or milkweed), clarkia, coreopsis,
goldenrod, iris, larkspur, lupine, nettle owl
clover, Indian paintbrush, thistle, sedum,
columbine and yarrow. Non-native flowers .
including beebalm, dahlias, cosmos, dian thus,
day lilies, geraniums, impatiens, lavender,
marigolds, statice, sweet william, zinnias,
and many of the members of the mint family
are also great nectar sources for butterflies.
. Native flowering trees and shrubs
including wild roses, red flowering current,
butterfly bush (Buddleia) twin berry Oregon
honeysuckle, Piper's willow and snowberry
also provided nectar for butterflies.
Caterpillars, the voracious larvae of
butterflies, also must have food. Plants that
provide caterpillars food includealfalfa, anise,
clover, fennel, hollyhock, mallow, lupine,
milkweed, nasturtium, snapdragon,
sunflower, violet Cottonwood, poplar, willow,
oak and horse chestnut. In particular, Western
tiger swallowtail larvae love members of the
parsley family such as fennel, dill and cow
parsnip.
Nettles and hops are favorites of the red
admiral. And painted lady caterpillars love
borage, burdock and centaurea.
For resting and sunning, shrubs provide a
safe place out of the wind for butterflies.
Rocks placed in the sun or sunny bare patches
out of the way of foot traffic are also great
resting spots.
Butterflies cannot drink from open water.
The best way to provide drinking water is to
have wet mud somewhere in the yard where
butterflies can land safely and sip. Or mist
your plants early in the morning and they
will sip from the water droplets. Avoid
misting plants later in the day to avoid fungus
problems.
Avoid the indiscriminate use of pesticides
in the yard. Butterflies have become
increasingly uncommon in urban and
suburban areas because of pesticides and
habitat loss.
For more information on creating a heal thy
habitatforbutterflies.consult'The Audubon
Society Handbook for Butterfly Watchers,"
by Robert Michael Py le, published by Charles
Scribner's Sons or "Butterfly Gardening,"
Sierra Club Books and the National Wildlife
Federation.
by Norma L. Simpson
Just before I sat at the computer to write
my Spilyay articles for this week, I had a
meeting with Carol Allison. The Community
Center staff has scheduled three days of
activities to explore countries and peoples of
other countries around the world set aside
some time July 19-21 in the Social room.
It's exciting for me to be invited to
participate, because I love to share my
experiences that I've had living and working
around the world. So today we made plans to
show clothes, games, drums, housing styles
and cooking equipment of many countries.
We will share stories, plays, music, songs
and dreams of a better place to life that we
can build.
When I went to these countries to work, I
always took bcadwork and moccasins from
the Ft. Hall Reservation, near my home in
Idaho. I took brochures of the changes that
took place following the development of the
phosphate mine and traditional events that
took place at Ft. Hall.
It was in Brazil that I purchased my first
puzzle of a Native American in full regalia.
Not only was the puzzle purchased in South
Building friendships in families important for bonding
Building friendships within the family is
very important for creating stronger family
bonds. What do friends do? They talk with
each other. They listen. They share common
interests. They have fun together. They help
each other. Benefits of building friendships
within the family include closer, more
enjoyable family relationships and a greater
ability of each family member to deal
effectively with crises and stress.
Suggested Family Activities for June:
1. Plan a family vacation that will offer
something enjoyable for everyone in the
family.
2. Support each other's interests. For
example, go to your child's karate practice
sometimes.
3. Have a family fun night at least twice
this month. Play cards or board games. Put
together a puzzle or bake cookies.
4. Plant a small vegetableorflower garden
together.
5. Attend a family reunion or other family
gathering. If one isn'tplanned, let your family
take the lead.
.. . 6. Talk with other family members about
their interests, goals, dreams, and concerns.
Really listen!
7. Help other family members with their
chores, projects or problems.
8. Treat family members as you treat your
friends. Criticize less, laugh together, or share
a fun secret.
America, but it was printed there too, in the
Brazilian Portuguese language. I wonder why
you can't find puzzles like that in the USA.
Maybe we should start a small industry with
Native American puzzles with the kinds of
information that display the pride of our
indigenous nations.
Everywhere I went the people were very
interested in Native Americans. And now is
the time to share interest in their cultures.
From Nigeria to Ethiopia, Peru to Paraguay,
Philippines to Papua, New guinea.
Keep in mind that Warm Springs children
and their parents have a treat in store during
July 19-21 at the Community Center. We're
just beginning the plans and we'd love to
hear from others who would like to share
their experiences too.
Cattle to be moved
Two calves were born within two weeks,
which brings the herd total to seven animals.
One more calf is due anytime now. The
fences at the 4-H Range at Sidwalter are
being repaired, after which the cattle will be
moved from the pasture at Tenino road.
The hay crop looks goos; it's all dryland
as the irrigation equipment is a wreck. Luckily
we have had some good showers just when
we needed them. This effort is to clean up the
weeds, after which the pasture will be planted
in range grasses for winter grazing.
Dust mites feed directly on organic components of house dust
by Jack D. DeAngelis
OSU Extension Entomologist
Ever ask yourself, "What is house dust"?
Obviously the answer depends on where you
live and what time of the year it happens to
be. In general, however, house dust is
composed of ash, cloth fibers, hair, plant
pollen, skin (human and animal), soil particles
and fungal spores. In many households,
human skin flakes (scales) make up much of
this flying debris. Consider that, on average,
an adult sheds about 12 oz of skin every day!
With all this yummy stuff floating around, is
it any wonder that some creature has figured
Stockman's Roundup: Llamas plentiful in Central Oregon
w nil
Bob Pawelek
OSU Extension Agent
Livestock and Range
Stockman's Roundup: About Llamas
Driving through Deschutes County last
week to a meeting of Extension livestock
agents, I counted 13 llamas. This was just off
Highway 97. 1 kept asking myself why anyone
would want one of these critters. As luck
would have it, I noticed a llama "rancher" out
feeding her "stock". So I pulled over and
struck up a conversation.
"Morning ma'am," I said as the sixty-ish
lady bucked alfalfa from the back of her
sixty-ish Chevy pickup. Introducing myself,
I explained who I was and what I was doing.
She was less than impressed, however.
Undaunted, I asked about her "herd" and
what these critters are good for. "Llamas,"
she stated, "are as close as you can get to
unicorns without dying." According to Ms.
Bemer, as she referred to herself, the animals
have a quiet, calming presence and can be
very friendly, affectionate and loyal-but don't
get too close too fast. They take their time
getting to know people. They're more like
cats than dogs in this respect, she said, and
they often strike people as aloof at first.
They're very much their own 'person'," she
asserted, "they don't like being touched by
strangers."
In answer to my first question, about what
these animals are good for, Ms. Bemer went
on to say that there are about 80,000 llamas
in North America. Only about a fifth of them
serve as pack animals, helping hikers carry
their gear on mountain treks. Most are kept
as companion animals.
Llamas come from South America,
especially from the Andes Mountain range
in Peru. They were domesticated around
5,000 years ago by the Incas. Like their
smaller cousin, the alpaca, their wool has
been highly prized for centuries. Ms. Berner
told me that she is breeding her llamas for
eventual wool production.
Llamas are large enough to do some real
damage if so inclined. They run from between
280 and 350 pounds. With their long necks,
they sometimes get as tall as six feet. But
most tend to be very gentle, they are tidy,
usually choosing one small area for a sort of
litter box. And they generally don't mind
traveling by trailer or truck. Their gestation
periods are 1 1 months to a year, then the cria
is born. Their life span averages from 16 to
20 years.
Ms. Bemer went on to say that llamas
hum. It's like purring, a sound they make
when content. I have to admit, I did not hear
any humming during my visit, although one
of then did try to spit at me. According to Ms.
Bemer, spitting is a Hamas way of telling
someone to back off. It's a a territorial thing.
An interesting note is that llamas bond
with other animals. Some ranchers in the
Rocky Mountains keep llamas with their
sheep. The llama adopts a protective role
towards "their" flocks and help keep coyotes
away. Their keen eyesight, hearing and
curiosity are the main tools they use for this
job. "They are drawn toward anything
unfamiliar, Ms. Bemer says,"that, combined
with their size is all it usually takes to scare
off a coyote."
Llamas are not for everyone. But they
have carved a space in the countryside of
Central Oregon that they will continue to
occupy.
out how to use it? Enter the House Dust
Mites. Tiny mites that feed directly on the
organic components of house dust.
Now, that could well be the end of the
story. Since these mites are so small we
might never be aware of their existence, even
though they were first discovered in 1694.
But, what goes into the mite as a flake of skin
comes out the other end as an Allergen,
capable of stuffing up your nose (rhinitis) or
causing an asthmatic attack. House dust mites
are not the only source of allergen in our
indoor environment but they may be one of
the most important.
Mite Biology. The cycle from egg to adult
takes about 1 month under ideal conditions,
the mites feed on pollen, skin flakes, natural
fibers and dander. Growth occurs between
50 and 90 degrees and they require fairly
high relative humidity (60-90). For this
reason dust mites tend to be more numerous
in the spring and fall when the humidity
indoors is a little higher. Winter heating dries
out houses and therefore reduces dust mite
numbers. House dust mites DO NOT bite or
otherwise cause harm.
Damage. The importance of house dust
mites is in the allergen formed by their
activities. When inhaled, the allergen can
cause asthma, in the extreme case, or rhinitis
(stuffy, inflamed nose). The allergen is
composed of mite fecal material and
fragments of the mites themselves.
Obviously, individuals differ in their
tolerance to the mites. Some people never
exhibit any allergic reaction, while in others
a life threatening asthmatic attack may occur.
Continued on page 10
Newspapers piling up for WSCP; Thanks!
by Timothy Wojtusik
A little more than a month ago the Tribal
Utilities Department kicked off the
Reservation recycling program by installing
five newspaperdumpsters in the community.
The response has been extremely positive
and community members participating in the
recycling program should be proud of their
efforts.
According to Utilities Department
employees, over a ton and 12 of old
newspapers have been collected so far and
delivered to the Composite Products at the
mill. The light green dumpstcrs with the
triangular recycling logos have been free of
garbage so far, showing that people really
care about recycling and that it can make a
difference. By putting our old newspapers in
these recycling dumpsters instead of throwing
them in the trash we are increasing the life
span of our landfill, keeping the community
clean, and providing material for Composite
Products manufacturing process. These are
things we can all be proud of.
The newspaper recycling dumpster in the
Industrial Park has been moved from near the
Commodity Foods Warehouse to near the
Garment Factory to make it more visible and
convenient for people to use. If there are
community members with questions or ideas
on how to make this recycling program even
more successful I would like to hear them. In
the mean time I hope that the good job
continues and that more people become
involved in this programs that will benefit all
of us and help take good care of our planet.
Congratulations Warm Springs community,
you're doing great!
Remember to keep hot food hot, cold food cold to prevent poisoning
by Norma L. Simpson
Nearly every yearl've written stories about
the importance of keeping hot food hot or
cold food cold. That's because it is so
important to practice when we prepare food
for others.
This time I'll try to say it in a different way
by giving you details of how Chicken Fried
Rice caused many Virginia day care children
and staff to become very sick.
At a recent Food Safety Update Training,
I learned the details of the bad example about
preparation of the chicken fried rice. It took
less than one ounce (2 tablespoons of rice) to
make them sick.
Here's what happened. The night before
the lunch was served, the caterers cooked the
rice, and cooled itat room temperature before
refrigeration. That gave the bacteria. Bacillus
cereus, plenty of time to multiply before the
rice was cooled. Then the refrigeration put
them to sleep for the night.
The next morning the caterers pan-fried
the rice in oil with pieces of cooked chicken.
That probably means that cold rice was
combined with cold chicken without getting
the mixture hot enough to destroy many
bacteria, just hot enough to wake up the
bacteria and get them in the mood to multiply
again. OUCH.
Then the warm rice was delivered to the
day care center 90 minutes before it was
served. It was held without refrigeration and
served without reheating.
All the time the bacteria were multiplying
like crazy. When the lab tested the chicken
fried rice for bacteria, there were 1,680,000
Bacillus cereus in one ounce of food.
Within 4 hours the children suffered from
abdominal cramps or pain, diarrhea and
nausea. The vom it from one child had nearly
as much bacteria in it as the fried rice even
though acid in the stomach had killed some
of the bacteria.
What To Do
1. If you cook quantities of rice ahead of
time or have left over rice. Put it into shallow
pans in the refrigerator as soon as possible so
that the rice will cool faster and prevent
bacteria from growing.
2. Cut up the chicken, heat it thoroughly
before refrigerating.
3. Thirty to sixty minutes before serving,
pan-fry the rice until it is piping hot. In a
separate pan, pan-fry the chicken until it is
thoroghly heated. Heat other vegetables like
onions, carrots or drained water chestnuts.
4. Just before serving, mix the rice and the
chicken with the other vegetables and serve
piping hot
Other Outbreaks Associated With
Bacilllus ceres
Rice was responsible for outbreak of
illness in Maine and another notable outbreak
came from macaroni and cheese in a college
cafeteria.
In other cases the spores of the bacteria
had survived the cooking process which
means that the temperature of the food was
not hot enough to destroy the bacteria.