Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
January 7, 1994 PAGE 7
The shopping spree is over, be prepared
As the bills roll in, we recall the
uncontrolled spree that put us in debt
for the next few months. There is
nothing we can do about the last
spree, except pay the bills promptly.
But we can take time to learn more
about the borrowing each year that
puts us in the hot water.
How smart are we about
consumer Issues?
A survey conducted in March 1993
by Princeton Survey Research As
sociates confirms that consumers
have a surprising lack of understand
ing about the way rising banking
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Plant & Soil Notes:
Pest and pesticide management short course
There will be a pest & pesticide
management short course held at the
Warm Springs Agency Longhouse
on March 31 1994. The course is
being sponsored by Warm Springs
OSlT Extension Service and will be
taught by Oregon State University
faculty . This instruction will be worth
8 hours of recertification credit for
holders of valid state pesticide appli
cator licenses and valuable training
for those wishing to become licensed.
Registration will begin at 7:45 a.m.
and instruction promptly at 8:00 a.m.
Topics covered in this course in
clude: -Principles of Integrated Pest
Management
-Impact of Turf Cultural Strategies
on Pest Problems
-Alternate Pest Control Strategies
in Ornamentals
-Controlling Diseases in Land
Eighth annual
8th Annual
Trl-County Idea Fair
What: Workshops, Resources,
and Fun for Central Oregon 4-H
members, leaders, parents and gen
eral public.
When: Saturday, January 22,
1994, 9:00 a.m. to 2:45 p.m.
Where: Crook County Middle
Soud in a cud - a homemade deliaht
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Happy New Year from the
OSU Warm Springs Extension
Service
Soup in a cup A homemade
delight
Want to give a tasty gift to a Warm
Springs family?
Try Soup in a Cup, a homemade
delight that makes the house smell
terrific, and pleases the tummy as
well.
You can make attractive gifts with
Stockman's Roundup: Horsin'
A good horseman needs a work
ing knowledge of horse colors and
patterns. Color is the most noticeable
feature by which a horse can be de
scribed or identified. For example,
how many times have you heard the
term "sorrel?" Shades of sorrel can
actually vary from a light washy yel
low to a dark liver color.
And how about those leg and head
markings? We will look at how to
identify those as well.
Body colors
There are five basic horse body
colors. Their descriptions follow:
1 . Bay Bay is a mix of red and
yellow. It includes many shades, from
a light yellowish tan called a light
bay to a very red bay called blood
bay, to a dark, rich shade which is
almost brown, called a dark bay. A
bay horse usually has a black mane
and tail and black points.
2. Black A black horse is com
pletely black, including the muzzle
and flanks. If there is doubt as to
whether a horse is dark brown or
black, you should take a look at the
colors of the fine hairs on muzzle and
the hair on the flanks; tan or brown
hairs at these points indicate that the
horse is not a true black, but a seal
brown.
3. Brown A brown horse is
almost black but can be distinguished
by the fine tan or brown hairs on the
muzzle or flanks.
4. Sorrel A sorrel horse is basi
cally red. The shades vary from a
light washy yellow (tight sorrel) to a
fees. This "information void" is costly
when one considers that credit card
fees increased by 45 between 199 1
and 1992. In 1992, credit card fees
accounted for 1 1 of card user rev
enue, up from 6 the previous years.
And guess who is paying that extra
money, Mr. and Mrs. J.Q. Public.
Many credit card users know that
they have a "credit limit" but many
do not know that many credit cards if
fact will let you charge more than the
limit, without telling you why. For
example:
36 of credit card users do not
know whether they are charged fees
in addition to interest, such as late
payments or going over their credit
limit.
Nearly 80 of consumers who
know they have a grace period on
their credit card do not know how it
works.
48 of consumers describe their
knowledge of credit card fees and
interest charges as being only fair or
poor.
Some commonly misunderstood
scapes
-Application Technology Bal
ancing Spray Coverage and Drift
-Using Pesticides Safely
Control of Insects in Landscape
-Forestry Weed Control
Record Keeping: What It Can Do
For You
-Factors Affecting Herbicide Per
formance -Worker Protection Standard and
Pesticide Training Resources for
Applicators
There is a registration fee of
$33.00 that must be received on or
before March 22, 1994. Registration
after March 22 will cost $45.00.
Lunch and handout materials will be
provided. Send registration form and
payment made out to OSU PPM
Course to: Tim Wojtusik, OSU Ex
tension Service, Warm Springs, OR
97761, 503-553-3238.
Tri-County Idea Fair set for January 22: register soon at WS Extension
School, Prineville.
Cost: $1.50 registration (plus a
supply fee is some classes). Regis
tration deadline is January 11, 1994.
Contact OSU Extension Services to
register.
Lunch: Bring your own "Sack
Lunch."
The concept of the IdeaFair started
layers of ingredients,
bottom of jar Macaroni
second layer
Green Split Peas
White Rice
Parsley Flakes
Alphabets or vegie
third layer
fourth layer
fifth layer
soup mix
sixth layer
Brown Lentils
A round layer of
seventh layer
card board or wax paper to
separate items that should be
soaked 8 hours.
Hold lower layers in cup until the
final steps of cooking.
Top layers in cup soak for 8 hours,
eight layer White Navy Beans
ninth layer Dry Celery Flakes
tenth layer Pearl BarleyWheat
Kernels
Soup In a cup Instructions:
8 hours ahead of eating.
Wash the dry ingredients in the
top 8th to 10th layers. In fresh water,
soak the white navy beans, dry celery
flakes and pearl barleywheat ker
nels to soften them before cooking
begins. Keep the water used for
soaking for cooking, it's full of vita
dark liver color (chestnut), between
which come the brilliant red gold and
copper shades. Normally, the mane
and tail of a sorrel horse are the same
shade as the body, although may be
(D) Star k Stripe (E) Star, Stripe, k Snip (F) Blaze (G)Bald
Head markings
(A) Star is any white mark on the forehead located above a line running
from eye to eye.
(B) Stripe is a narrow white marking that extends from about the line of
the eyes to the nostrils.
(Q Snip is a white mark between the nostrils or on the lips.
P) Star and Stripe includes both a star and a stripe.
(E) Star, Stripe and snip includes all three of these marks.
(F) Blaze is a broad, white marking covering almost all the forehead but
not including the eyes or nostrils.
(G) Bald is a white face including the eyes and nostrils, or a partially white
face.
fees and payment practices include:
-Over the Limit Fees
Late or Missed Payment Fees
-Cash Advances
-Minimum Credit Card Payment
Over the limit tees
Many credit card users allow
cardholders to exceed their credit
limit without telling them in advance
and then charge an over-the-limit
fee. Consumers may not know they
have gone over the credit limit until
they receive the bill.
Late or missed payment fees
Most charge and credit card bills
list the date that payments are due. If
you miss the due date, the account is
considered past due and may be
charged a fee.
Cash advance
The interest rate for a cash ad
vance is typically higher that it is for
purchases and there is usually no
!;race period so interest is charged
rom the date of the cash advance.
Most card issuers also charge a cash
advance fee in addition to the interest
Clover speaks
We hope your holiday was filled
with joy and peace. We welcome the
new year with open arms for we now
have the opportunity to begin new
projects and look at seasoned projects
with a fresh perspective. Here is a
look at the Warm Springs 4-H Bead
ing Club led by Myra Shawaway and
Rosanna Sanders; members are
Tasheena Arthur, Casandra Frutos,
Jenna Johnson, Wendi Johnson,
Odessa Jones, Rosemary Sanchez,
Angela Sanders, Jessica Sanders,
Phyllis Shawaway, Crystal Smith,
Gena Smith, Rachel Smith.
Myra began leading the 4-H
Beading Club in 1992. She led her
first year members in making daisy
chains, medallions and looming. Club
members entered their projects in the
Jefferson County Fair.
We at the 4-H Program congratu
late you for your dedication to the
youth of Warm Springs and thank
you for the time you give so gener
ously to our community.
out of a need to offer quality 4-H
training, to provide opportunities for
the 4-H families from Central Or
egon to meet and share ideas and to
offer an activity where new creative
methods of learning could take place.
Our very best ideas have come from
the participants. Please look over the
following Idea Fair workshops and
mins.
Add water to have about 10 cups
of water or broth in the large kettle.
Add 1 diced small onion, 2 diced
carrots, 3 stalks of celery cut in about
1 inch pieces along with 2 cups of
canned tomatoes with juice. Add your
choice of cooked meat. If you have a
good meat bone add it to the soup
pot. Put a bit of lemon in the soup, so
that more calcium comes from the
bones and iron comes from the bone
marrow. If you have very little meat,
use 1 -2 cubes of bouillon to improve
the taste and a clove of garlic.
Cook for about 1 12 hours then
add the other layers, the macaroni,
Alphabets macaroni, white rice,
parsley flakes and 1 teaspoon salt.
Cook for 30 minutes.
The Vegie Soup Mix has dried
green and yellow peas, barley and
lentils mixed together with colorful
pasta letters that could be separated
for distinctly colored layers but the
mix itself is very colorful as it is.
Soup in a Cup is a wonderful,
tasty and colorful soup.
around with different colors
lighter in color; these are termed a
flaxen mane and tail. Sorrels and
chestnuts are never accompanied by
a black mane and tail.
5. White A true white horse is
(B) Stripe (C) Snip
for the shock
charges, which can raise the APR to
an effective rate of up to 30. APR
means annual percentage rate. And
we complain when the rate is 14, 16
or 1 8. It pays to know what you are
doing when you borrow.
Minimum credit card payment
Some companies have lowered the
minimum credit card payment. That
is to give you the idea that you don't
need to pay as much each month and
thus allow you to borrow more. What
that allows you to do is to get deeper
and deeper in debt.
The Consumer Federation of
America has collaborated with the
American Express to provide educa
tion materials to families. One is
called "Teenage Consumers: Teach
ing Your Children How to Save &
Spend." Another booklet is "A Plain
English Dictionary of Credit Terms"
by American Express. Let me know
if you would like a copy of one or
both. Money problems won't just go
away. Education will help us to avoid
many of them.
remember, class size is limited, so
register now.
Classes offered are:
Animal Science & Feed and
Growth Records. . . Where to begin?
(1 hour); 4-H Scholarships What
you want to know. . . What you need
to know (1 hour); ABC's of Posters
(1 hour); The Fantastic World of
' v. lis
Traditional food recipes offered by Norma
By Norma L. Simpson until tender then add 2 onions, 4 powder, paprika, lemon po
For the last issue of Spilyay, I
explained a lot about a non-traditional
food that went over very well
with the Education staff. So this year
I thought that I would turn the tables
and look at some books for helping
people to eat more traditional foods.
I have a large collection of books
from other countries, so it was natu
ral for me to buy books about foods
of Native Americans. In July I pur
chased Buckskinners Dinners writ
ten by SAL of Hermiston, Oregon.
Moose Nose
Hold the nose over a hot fire until
all of the hair is off (meat will be pure
white). Scrape off the outside hard
white stuff and then boil the meat
with onions and your favorite spices.
Cook until tender or you can smoke
it for a couple of days before cook
ing. Good just roasted in the oven
too.
Raccoon Pie
Dis-joint the animals and soak in
vinegar and salt water overnight Boil
the next day for 30 minutes. Put into
a kettle with fresh water and simmer
born white and remains white
throughout its life. A white horse has
snow white hair, pink skin, and brown
eyes (rarely blue).
In addition to the five basic colors
given, there are five major variations
to the coat colors; namely:
1 . Dun (B uckskin) A dun horse
has a yellowish color of variable
shading from pale yellow to a dirty
canvas color; the horse also has a
stripe down its back and will usually
have a black mane, tail, and legs.
2. Gray A gray horse has a
mixture of white and black hairs.
Sometimes gray is hard to tell from
black at birth, but grays get lighter
with age. Gray is sometimes referred
to as "grulla," but I think that this is
a variation of a grayish roan.
3. Palomino Palomino is a
golden color (the color of a newly
minted penny, or three shades lighter
or darker) with a light-colored mane
and tail. Tails can be white, silver, or
ivory.
4. Paint (Pinto or Calico) Pinto
is a Spanish word meaning "painted".
The Paint horse is irregularly col
ored with splotches of whites and
blacks or whites and browns. A Pinto
is generally black and white, while a
Paint has no black.
5. Roan A roan horse has a
mixture of white hairs intermingled
with one or more base colors, as
white with bay, called a red roan;
white with sorrel, called strawberry
roan; and white with black, called
blue roan.
OWWNSTAT! UMVBWTY
EXTENSION
56RV1GE
OSU Extension Staff;
Arlene Bolleau 4-H & Youth
Bob Pawelek Livestock
Norma Simpson Home Economics
Carol Stevens 4-H
Crystal Win I shut 4-H Assistant
Tim Wojtusik Agriculture
Clint Jacks Staff Chair, Madras
The above individuals are devoted to extending research-based infor
mation from Oregon State University to the people of Warm Springs in
Agriculture, Home Economics, 4-H Youth, Forestry, Community Devel
opment, Energy and Extension Sea Grant programs. Oregon State
University, United States Department of Agriculture, Jefferson County
and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs cooperating. The Exten
sion Service offers its programs and materials equally to all people.
EDUCATION THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Homemade Cards (1 hour); Creative
Omelets (1 hour); Basic Cake Deco
rating (1 hour); It's A Jerky Jambo
ree! (1 hour); Fantastic Microwave
Jam (1 hour); Kitchen Safety, How
Not to Burn Your House Down (1
hour); Stiffy Bow Baskets (2 hours);
Painted Shirts (2 hours); Sweetheart
Octopus (1 hour); Fantastic Ceram
potatoes and 3 carrots (diced). Re
move bones and sinew from the meat
when done and cooled then dice the
meat Use 2 Tbs. flour browned in 2
Tbs. butter to thicken the broth, add
salt and pepper. Put the diced meat
back into the kettle. Mix up a dough
from a biscuit recipe and roll out and
place over the stuff in the kettle and
bake until browned. (This is an ex
cellent recipe with any meat.)
Survival Pemmlcan
Mix the following ingredients and
use at a rate of 21 lbs. per person per
day.
33 Suet
20 whole milk powder
18 bacon bits
5 dehydrated liver
5 dried meat
5 dehydrated tomato paste
5 soybean grits
2 oatmeal
2 dehydrated pea soup
2 bouillon powder
1 brewers yeast
Small units (a pinch) of onion
i
i
B C
Leg Markings
(A) Coronet white strip covering the coronet band.
(B) Pastern white extends from the coronet to and including the
pastern.
(Q Ankle white from the coronet to and including the fetlock.
(D) Half Stocking white from the coronet to the middle of the cannon.
(E) Stocking white extends from the coronet to the knee. NOTE: When
the white includes the knee, it is known as a full stocking.
(F) White outside heels both heels are white.
(G) White outside heel outside heel only is white.
(H) White inside heel inside heel only is white.
Information provided by;
OSU Extension
at Warm Springs
1110 Wasco Street
553-3238.
ics ( 1 hour); Those Wondrous Wool
lies Basic Sheep Care (1 hour);
Do you talk to your animals? Veteri
nary Clinic(l hour); WhoooooaNclly
4-H Horse Grooming, Showing,
Etiquette & Fashion (1 hour); What's
Up Doc? Rabbit Showmanship ( 1
hour); Primarily Pressing Clothing
(1 hour).
powder, paprika, lemon powder,
caraway seeds, cayenne pepper and
black pepper.
Yellow Pond Lily
The Yellow Pond Lily is some
times called Wokas or Spatterdock.
It is an aquatic plant with a large,
long rootstalk and large, dark, float
ing leaves, oval or heart-shaped. It
has yellow cup-like flowers growing
at the surface. Found in ponds all
over at all elevations. Blooms May to
August and the seed is harvested
mid-summer to autumn. The seeds
and rootstalk are edible. Seeds can
be popped like popcorn in a pan and
the taste is very similar. Seeds can
also be cooked, mashed and made
into flour. The rootstalks are starchy
and sweet and can be roasted or
boiled. Peel before eating. The
rootstalk can also be made into flour.
Used by the Wokas Indians and the
Klamath Indians called it "In the
thumb month" (harvest time) which
initiated huge ceremonial dances in
behalf of their greatest annual food
harvest.
H
U