Aucust 7, 1992 PAGE 7
SpilyayTymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
Feed your family well using the new Food Guide Pyramid
In the old days, people ate what
was seasonal and what was avail
able. If food was scarce, we shared
the limited supply. If it was abundant,
we stored food for later.
But today, seasonal foods are
abundant all year around, and choices
seem endless for most people.
Choosing the right food and the right
amount of food is the problem today.
And we have advertising to tempt us
in every direction. As a result many
Food Guide Pyramid
A Guide to Daily Food Choices
Fiu, Oili, A Swetu $
Vte Sparingly f ,.
Milk, Yogurt A Cheeie ,
2-3sSrvingi Jt(v&cC5f I
Vegetables M$'T " ' I Fruil Croup
3-5 Servingi Jwf f Kp 2-4 Servingi
" r II A
Hot summer weather
Sunburn afflicts people and shrubs
alike. People avoid it by using sun
screen. Help your landscape shrubs
avoid it by discontinuing pruning
during hot spells.
Some summer pruning of orna
mental trees and shrubs is beneficial,
says Ray McNeilan, Oregon State
University (OSU) Extension home
gardening agent. However, thinning
trees and shrubs, along with removal
of water sprouts and suckers, takes
away some of the foliage of these
plants, which exposes inner foliage
to direct sunlight.
The result is a sort of sunburn, a
drying out and some wilting of inner
foliage. Homeowners who prune
trees and shrubs in June or July may
notice this sunburn effect on their
landscape plants and become
alarmed.
"It's no cause for panic," says
McNeilan. "The drying and wilting
of leaves on recently pruned plants
means the loss of those leaves. But
Facts about lice
French soldiers, during World War
I, dubbed body lice "cooties." The
name stuck and has been used in
nursery rhymes, poems and even the
name for a once popular children's
game. It is, however, the head louse
(plural: lice) that causes so much
consternation among teachers, par
ents and kids today.
It seems like every year we get a
few calls (usually from elementary
school teachers) asking about lice.
Here are a few facts:
There are three different lice
that affect people - head lice, body
lice and crab or pubic lice. All are
blood-feeders. Bites cause intense
itching, and in some, allergic reac
tions of the skin. Scratching can lead
to secondary infections, as well, when
bacteria are scratched into the skin.
Lice can transmit some pretty nasty
diseases, like typhus, but this is rare
today in the industrialized countries.
The head louse is most com
monly found in the hair above ears
and on the back of the scalp. It mea
sures about 18 inch long. The so
cioeconomic group or income level
of the family is not an important
factor p rV..': ..lining incidence of
head lice - anyone can get them. In
general, small children are more sus
ceptible than adults, girls are slightly
more susceptible than boys, and
whites are more susceptible than
blacks. The chance of a head lice
infestation goes up in schools where
(principals please take note): locker
and coat hooks are shared, not as
signed. Head lice are spread by people
to people contact and sharing of per
sonal items like combs, hair brushes,
etc. The most important sign of a lice
infestation is the presence of "nits"
(eggs) attached to hairs.
Unlike the head louse, body lice
spend much of their time on cloth ing,
usually in areas where the cloth is in
contact with the body. Eggs are laid
on clothing as well. They generally
occur in crowded, unsanitary condi
tions. Body lice are slightly smaller
than head lice (about 17 inch long)
but otherwise almost identical in ap
pearance. Body lice are uncommon
in most of the U.S. population.
As the name suggests crab lice
look superficially like tiny crabs with
their enlarged second and third pairs
of legs. It's other common name, the
pubic louse, also is suggestive of
where it lives - in the pubic area - but
it can spread to the chest, armpits,
and even eyebrows. As with other
lice, people to people contact is the
most common means of transmis
of us arc overweight, and have dis
eases such as diabetes or cancer which
arc related to unhealthy eating pat
terns. To help simplify the choices of
which foods to cat, the U.S. Depart
ment of Agriculture released a new
food pyramid to remind us of the
choices that our bodies need to be
healthy and fit. Take a look. It is
different from the suggestions we
have used for 30 years.
Meal, Poultry. Fiih. Dty
Beam. Eggi, A Null Croup
2-3 Servingi
hard on landscape
usually new leaves will come on to
replace them. The loss of a few leaves
due to sunburn doesn't mean the plant
is in danger of dying.
Eventually, the tree or shrub will
recover, McNeilan says. Remember
that hot summer weather is hard on
landscape plants and don't prune
during especially not penoas.
Earthquake insurance in Oregon?
The recent earthauakes in the Los
Angeles area have caused many Or
egonians to wonder about the need
for earthquake insurance.
"Only three percent of
homeowners in Oregon purchase the
optional earth movement insurance
coverage,'' said Insurance Division
Administrator Mary Alice Bjork,
"compared to 25 percent of Califor
nians. Standard homeowners policies
do not cover structural damage caused
by earth movement as a result of an
earthquake. Homeowners need to
you should know
sion. There is no evidence that lice
are involved in the transmission of
venereal diseases, including aids.
CONTROL OF LICE
Lice can not survive off their hosts
(us) for long, so area treatments with
insecticide are not useful. Control of
head lice generally requires the use
of over the counter shampoo prepa
rations that contain insecticides.
Lindane was once the insecticide of
choice and was only available by
prescription. Today, Lindane has
been replaced by much safer materi
als that can be purchased without
prescription. Be sure to follow in
structions completely or else infested
individuals should be machine
washed, separately, in hot water and
dried under high heat (if possible). It
is common for family members of
infested school children to become
infested.
Body lice are generally only a
problem (in this country, at least)
among those who wear the same
clothing more or less constantly,
without washing them. Body lice are
more common during winter months
and among the poor and homeless.
Body lice infestations can generally
be stopped by bathing and cleaning
of clothes.
Crab or pubic lice are generally
treated with prescription or over the
counter lotions. Medical attention is
recommended for this condition - see
a physician.
Salmon Luncheon Salad
6 medium potatoes boiled and
peeled
12 cup chopped green onions
and tops
1 tsp. dried sweet basil
salt to taste
12 tsp. freshly ground black pep
per 34 cup safflower oil
14 cup wine vinegar
lettuce leaves
3 ripe tomatoes, peeled and sec
tioned 1 pint canned salmon drained and
broken into large chunks
6 hard cooked boiled eggs
green pepper rings
black olives
Slice potatoes into a large bowl
and add green onions, basil, salt,
pepper, oil, and vinegar. Toss well.
Arrange salad on a large serving
platter or salad bowl lined with crisp
lettuce leaves and garnish with to
matoes, salmon, eggs, green pepper
and olives. Serves 6.
The base of the pyramid is made
up of foods made from the grain
foods such as wheat, rice, breads and
pastas, such as spaghetti and noodles.
If wc eat the 6-11 servings of the
grain group, wc will have plenty of
energy to last through the day.Thcsc
carbohydrate foods help us to want
less fatty foods, and help us to burn
up fat when wc lose weight.
Some people say that 6-11 serv
ings is a lot. So let's count what many
people cat each day. for breakfast, a
bowl of cereal, two pieces of toast
For lunch a sandwich with two more
pieces of bread and perhaps some
crackers to go with a bowl of soup.
Wc already have 6 servings from the
grain group. Finally when wc add
dinner, wc have a salmon noodle
casserole with bread sticks and wc
have 8 servings from the grain group
for the day.
A majorchangc in the grouping of
foods is making a category each for
fruits and for vegetables. Before they
were combined with only four rec
ommended choices.
The vegetable group suggest 3-5
servings. Vegetables arc complex
foods which lake more lime to di
gest. When wc cat a good plate full of
vegetables, we feel full until time for
the next mcal.That means we want to
snack less. Be sure to include the
traditional roots in thiscatcgory. Let's
say that you have some bitter root
along with green beans and spinach
lettuce and tomato salad along with
the salmonnoodle casserole. And for
lunch with your bologna sandwich
you had some lettuce and a carrot
stick. Already for this day, you have
5 servings of vegetables. Well Done!
The fruil group suggests 2-4 serv
ings. Now is the time to take advan
tage of the beautiful fruit in the stores.
How about a handful of fresh huckle
berries for breakfast, a banana for
lunch, and a giant slice of water
melon for dinner. Already we have 3
servings and we haven't had any
snacks for the day. The fruit group
has vitamins and minerals to protect
your bodies and help us do the work
and play that we all want to do.
decide if thev should Durchase the
optional earth movement endorse
ment coverage which will protect
them against this type of catastrophic
loss. This coverage is relatively in
expensive and readily available in
the Pacific Northwest."
In Oregon, the average annual cost
for earth movement coverage on a
frame home will range between 53
and 80 cents per $1,000 coverage.
Because masonry homes are more
susceptible to earth movement dam
age, the average annual cost for this
coverage is higher ranging be
tween $2.45 and $2.60 per $1,000
coverage.
Most residential earth movement
coverage in Oregon is sold with a
standard deductible of five percent
(some companies now require a 10
percent deductible). On an $80,000
home, the 5 percent deductible would
be $4,000. This deductible applies
separately to the building and its
contents.
Contact your insurance agent if
you have any questions about
homeowner's earthquake coverage.
Proper storage of
pesticide important
Safe handling of pesticides in the
home landscape cannot be overem
phasized. Home gardeners are urged
to use extreme care in the decision to
use garden chemicals, and in their
application.
Every pesticide container label,
by law, clearly lists the precautions
for safe use, says Ray McNeilan,
Oregon State University (OSU) Ex
tension home gardening agent. Be
fore buying a pesticide, read the la
bel to be sure you understand and can
follow the precautions.
Many pesticides used on garden
vegetable crops have limitations on
time intervals required between last
application and harvest. Store all
pesticides where children or pets can 't
get to them, McNeilan says. A sturdy
locked cabinet in a tool shed separate
from the house is ideal for storage.
Keep pesticides locked up at all times
when not in use.
Other precautions:
-When applying pesticides, wear
clothing that covers arms and legs
completely, and wear gloves.
-Wash your clothing and applica
tion equipment thoroughly after each
pesticide use.
-Do not eat, drink or smoke while
mixing or applying pesticides. Wash
hands and face immediately after
working with pesticides.
-Dispose of the pesticide container
according to label instructions.
-Mix only the quantity of pesticide
you need for a specific job. Protect
labels so they won't become lost or
illegible. Never use unlabeled pesti
cides. -Avoid applying pesticides where
they might contaminate wells, ponds,
streams and other water sources.
-Apply pesticides on quiet days
when the wind is at a minimum and
blowing away from susceptible
plants. Buy only as much pesticide as
you need for a single season.
The duirv products crouD SUBCCStS
2-3 servings. You probably already
had two servings of dairy products in
the casserole, some cheese and some
milk plus some milk on the breakfast
cereal. For the growing toddler, give
her some more cheese to nibble be
tween meals. This group is very im
portant for growth and repair of bones
and teeth.
The protein group suggests 2-3
servings. This group has meat, poul
try, fish, dry beans, nuts and eggs in
it. Your dinner meal all ready has
salmon in it, and the bologna sand
wich adds the second choice for pro
tein to build and repair muscles.
When the kids are hungry after a
swim in the creek, perhaps some
peanuts or a hard cooked egg will
give them an extra boost until dinner
time.
The top of the pyramid is ihc
reminder. Those fats, oils and sweets
that we love so much, arc the ones
that do more harm to our nutritional
well-being. Use them sparingly.How
about fry bread only twice a week,
instead of everyday. And how about
real juice rather than a carbonated
fizzy drink. Or be daring! suggest
water when they arc thirsty.
In addition to using the pyramid
to plan what you feed yourself and
your family, remember that timing is
important. Small children need to cat
"real food" often. That docs not mean
the chips in a bag. For their growing
bodies, they need small amounts of
food in each category except the Tip
of the Pyramid. Train them to think
thin, low salt and low sugar and help
them to avoid the diabetes and high
blood pressure that hurt so many
people in Warm Springs.
Garden potatoes
For a good harvest, give your gar
den potato plants extra care through
the summer.
As potato plants grow, gradually
mound soil around the base of each
plant six inches to either side. Sun
light causes newly formed potatoes
to turn green. Mounding the soil
around the plant helps protect new
tubers from the sun.
When piling the soil around the
plants, be careful not to cover plant
foliage.
Weeding around potato plants is
important, says Ray McNeilan, Or
egon State University (OSU) Extcn
sion home gardening agent. Use a
hoe to cut the weed roots just below
Herefords commonly affected
Bovine ocular squamous cell car
cinoma, commonly called "cancer
eye," is one of the more serious
problems faced by ranchers today.
Although the disease occurs in sev
eral other breeds as well as cross
bred animals, Herefords are most
commonly afflicted. The cause of
the disease is unknown, however
genetic predisposition of the Hereford
breed together with prolonged expo
sure to ultraviolet light in the sunny
climates of the West appear to be
contributory factors to the onset of
the disease. Presently, "cancer eve"
comprises approximately 80 of all
tumors reported at slaughter and is
the leading cause of carcass con
demnation with losses approaching
$20 million per year in the U.S . alone.
Various forms of therapy have
been developed to treat "cancer eye"
including traditional surgery,
cryosurgery (freezing the tumor),
Hyperthermia (heating the tumor)',
radiation and immunotherapy. The
effectiveness of each of these treat
ments whether the tumor has invaded
the underlying structures. Traditional
surgery, which involves excision of
the tumor via lid resection andor
enucleation (removal of the eyeball),
does not always cure the disease. In
our experience, a 40-50 recurrence
can be expected. Aaaitionauy, can
Keep medications out of reach of children
PeoDle make three common mis
takes when storing their medicines,
says Norma Simpson, Oregon State
University Extension Agent in Warm
Springs. These are: Putting their
medication on windowsills; Keep
ing medication in the bathroom;
Putting medications in smaller
unlabeled containers or mixing
medicines together in one container
when traveling.
How you store your medications
is important. Improper storage can
cause medicines to lose their strength,
disintegrate, or even become dan
gerous over time because of chemi
cal changes. The "bathroom medicine
cabinet" is actually one of the worst
places to store medicines because of
the heat and moisture generated by
the bath and shower.
As a general rule, light, humidity,
and heat can cause medications to
break down more rapidly. Medicines
should not be stored on windowsills,
in the bathroom in the glove com
partment of the car, or near heat
producing appliances or surfaces,
such as the oven or the top of the
television set, adds Vicki Schmall,
OSU Extension gerontology spe
cialist Here is what you can do to increase
safety.
Store medicine in a cool, dry,
and dark place. Unless otherwise
1 992 Summer 4-H Calendar and Fair Dates
August 9-14 4-H Wilderness Enrichment Camp at
Trout Lake
August 12-16 Crook County Fair, theme is, "A
Country Gathering'
August 20-23 Wasco County Fair, theme is,
"Celebration Along the Barlow Road"
August 27-Sept. 7 Oregon State Fair, theme is,
"We're Talkin'Big"
Please call your 4-H Leader to find out If you are
meeting through the summer
Wilderness Enrichment camp to begin
The 4-H Wilderness Enrichment
Camp at Trout Lake is scheduled for
August 9-12, 1992. Camp is open to
all girls and boys completing grades
3 through 7,rcgardlcss of racc.crecd,
or national origin. 4-H membership
is not required.
Transportation will be provided
to camp, parents will be responsible
forpicking up thcircampcr on August
12, after the family dinner. If you can
not pick up your camper, please make
arrangements to have someone pick
need extra care
the soil surface. Be careful not to hoe
too deeply, or you may damage the
plant roots.
Irrigate potato plants so that soil
dampness is maintained at least an
inch below the surface where the
feeder roots are located. If the soil
dries out between watering, many of
the potatoes at harvest time arc likely
to be small, knobby and inferior in
quality.
A good way of watering potato
plants is to irrigate them heavily once
a week to a depth of eight to 12
inches, says McNeilan. During dry
spells, dig into the soil to see how far
down the dryness extends. Apply
water if the soil is dry more than an
inch below the surface.
cer may have spread to the draining
lymph nodes of the lesion (under the
ear and jaw) prior to surgery and will
continue to grow. Animals with this
condition will be condemned at
slaughter. Thus, a one-eyed cow pre
sented at slaughter is always a sus
pect for cancer. Hyperthermia and
cryosurgery can be as useful as tradi
tional surgery if the tumor has not
invaded underlying structures too
deeply. If extensive invasion has oc
curred, traditional surgery should be
the treatment of cancer eye and im
munotherapy is still in the experi
mental stage.
When inspecting animals in the
herd many producers will be dis
mayed to find animals afflicted with
cancer eye which were clean a few
months previously. This unpleasant
experience can be avoided to a large
degree by learning to recognize early
eye tumors, which are not yet can
cerous, and treating them before they
turn malignant. In other words, pro
ducers can practice preventive
medicine in the case of cancer eye.
Most people have no trouble rec
ognizing cancer eye, yet few recog
nize benign or precursor lesions (70
of which can become malignant)
which are highly treatable. On the
eyeball, the precursor lesions are
known as plaques or papillomas.
snecified. most medicines should be
kept at temperatures between 50-68
degrees F. Do not store medicines in
a refrigerator unless instructed to do
so. Auxiliary labels tell you if re
frigeration or other special storage is
required.
Keep medicines in their original,
properly labeled containers. Medi
cines are dispensed in containers to
protect them. For example, brown
containers are used for light-sensitive
medicines, and glass containers are
used for medicines which can be
absorbed by plastic.
Intact labels ensure you know
which medicine is in which container
and in an emergency, medical per
Wilderness Enrichment Camp at
Trout Lake
August 9-12, 1992
Children completing grades 3 through 7
invited to sign up
4-H membership not required
$15.00 Scholarships available for each
camper
Information provided by:
Warm Springs OSU
Extension Office
1131 Paiute Street
553-3238
up your camper, and inform your
camper who will be picking them up.
Also inform the camp director
(Arlcnc Boilcau) who that person
will be.
The 4-H camp is well supervised,
and is an educational outdoor adven
ture experience with responsible
leadership in group living.
Cost of the camp is . 15.00 per
child. The cost of the camp per child
is really $30.00 but the Johnson
O'Mallcy committee has graciously
donated $1 5.00 in scholarship money
for each camper. Parents have until
September 30 to pay the $15.00 at
OSU Extension office.
Activities will include: an adven
ture in camp living in the great out
doors with trained and responsible
leadership, hiking, swimming, crafts,
nature study, memory-making
campfirc programs, and 4-H tradi
tional observances.
Campers will be sleeping in two
(2) man tents. And will eat well
balanced and delicious meals.
The staff includes trained resource
people, recreational leaders, crafts
and waterfront directors, experienced
cooks.
Insurance is included in the fee
and covers health and accident for
every camper. Health card is on
registration form.
by cancer eye
Th.v are easilv recoimized as white
or pink growths at the edge of the
colored part of the eye. On the eye
lids, the precursor lesions are known
as keratomas or commonly called
"wickers". Usually on the lower lid,
these small tumors are often crusted
over with scab-like material which
resembles the dried eye matter which
is always present. If the growth ap
pears to be attached to the eyelash, it
is probably merely dried eye matter.
If the growth appears to be attached
directly to the lid and removal of the
"scab" reveals a small growth and
perhaps a bit of bleeding then it is
probably a precursor lesion and is
highly treatable. Probably the easiest
and most effective treatment of these
benign lesions is cryosurgery. Re
member, these are precursor lesions
and, as of yet, have not invaded into
the deeper structures. Therefore,
being more surface-oriented, they are
highly susceptible to any insult and
freezing is particularly damaging to
cellular structure and growth.
Preventive medicine certainly is
now new to herd health management.
But, it is new with regard to the
prevention of cancer eye. There is no
question that early recognition and
treatment of benign eye tumors can
drastically reduce the incidence of
cancer eye in any particular herd.
sonnel can quickly identify your
medicines.
Keep medicine containers tightly
closed. Caps on medicine containers
are designed to protect against mois
ture. Store medicine out of the reach
of children and pets. A major cause
of accidental poisoning in young
children is taking a parent's or
grandparent's medicine.
The ultimate safety and effective
ness of all medication rests with the
user, Schmall stresses. Having good
information about your medicine and
taking it as instructed is the best way
to avoid problems and receive the
greatest benefit.