Sph.yayTymoo
Warm Springs, Oreaox
April 17, 1992 PAGE 5
Building self-esteem, self-worth in children important
Al one lime or another, most par
ents ask themselves. "What can 1 do
lo help my child feel belter about
himhcrsclf....ta feel more confident
and to view life positively?"
The answer is not a simple one. It
dues merit concern, since it is widely
recognized that the presence of these
characteristics in children and adults
is critical to their happiness and well
being in life.
Let's look at some ways to build a
feeling of positive self-worth or self
esteem in our children.
1) Look at each child as a unique
person. Vicw.rcspond and valuccath
child on the basis of hisher own
personal critcria-not in comparison
to brothers, sisters or classmates.
2) Gi vc each child some undivided
attention. Take time to focus full and
undivided attention on your child.
That conveys love by saying,"! care.
I have time for you.
3) Be positive and honest with
your child. Comment honestly and
positively about what your child has
Celebrate earth day, April 22, by reducing waste
To do your part in reducing the
amount of packaging going to waste
base your Earth bay resolutions on
the five "RV:
Reduce the amount of packaging
you buy and throw away. One way to
do this is to buy the largest size of the
product that you can alford and that
won't spoil before you use it.
Reuse when possible. Plastic trays
in cookie packages, for example,
make good drawer dividers, think
creatively about ways to reuse
packaging materials. You pay for
them, so you might as well use and
reuse them.
Recycle when possible Most
communities provide opportunities
for recycling newspapers, glass,
aluminum, tin cans, and some plas
tics. Find out what recycling oppor
tunities are available in your com
munity and take advantage of them.
Reject packaging that is unneces
sary. Carrying a mesh or canvas bag
to put your packages in is a good way
to eliminate extra sacks.
Respond to producers and retail
ers to let them know how to feel.
Look for an address or toll-free phone
number on a product that you think is
ovcrpackagcd.Thcn write or call the
company. Encourage them to help
reduce household waste by using less
packaging or packaging that can be
reused or recycled.
done. Remember to mention when
he or she has done a good job. If you
feel that you can't comment hon
estly, perhaps you can encourage with
a general statement such as, "you've
worked hard today. I appreciate it!"
Give smiles, a hug, a kiss or a pat on
the back too.
4) Avoid being a judge. React to a
situation without being judgmental
in the process. This encourages
positive self-esteem.
5) Encourage independence. Let
young people participate in making
decisions or to make choices and
decisions. Provide choices and op
portunities for decisions that arc ap
propriate for the child involved.
6) Make expectations realistic.
Base expectations for a child on his
or her age, particular personality and
the current circumstances.
Information provided by:
Warm Springs OSU
Extension Office
1131 Paiuto Street
553-3238
UofO Tour a huge success
Social Security numbers important
Students who plan to work this
summer need to have a Social Secu
rity number when they apply for a
job. Then, when your boss withholds
certain taxes and reports your wages
for Social Security purposes, both
will be properly credited and will
count toward your future benefits.
To get a Social Security number,
contact your local Social Security
office. They will tell you how to
apply, will provide an application for
a Social Security card (form ss-5),
and will supply a pre-addrcsscd en
velope in which you can return the
completed form.
It you were bom in the United
States, you will need to enclose an
original birth certificate as evidence
of your age and citizenship and in
clude another document to establish
your identity. The application form
lists acceptable evidence. If you were
born outside of the United States, an
official foreign birth certificate and a
U.S. immigration document can be
used to establish your age and lawful
alien status.
Once Social Security has reviewed
the documents, they will be returned
to you and a cord will be issued,
usually within two weeks. But don't
wait. To be sure you have it for
summer, apply now.
Although applications for a Social
Security number generally can be
handled by mail, anyone age 18 or
older who has never had a number
mustapply in person at a local Social
Security office.
Planting peas in cool weather
Peas are a good garden vegetable
for early starters.
Pea plantings take up little space
but yield well, and their small white
blossoms add a pleasant ornamental
touch to the garden. Best of all, you
can plant peas now while the weather
is cool.
Home gardeners in the lower el
evations of Oregon can plant garden
peas as soon as the soil is dry enough
to be worked. In the high elevation
areas Coast and Cascade ranges and
central and eastern Oregon - delay
planting until April.
Peas are sensitive to summer heat,
and some varieties are susceptible to
virus disorders spread by insects.
Planting early gives the pea crop a
chance to develop before these prob
lems occur.
Young pea plants transplant
poorly so plant the seeds directly in
their permanent row. They require a
soil that is not strongly acid (pH
between 5.5 and 6.7) and reasonably
fertile.
Tips given in bull
management
One goal of cattlemen everywhere
is to bunch their calving season into
a nice short time frame. One method
to do so is to shorten the time between
calving and the cow beginning to
cycle again for rebreeding.
Tests at Nebraska show that by
Good drainage, maximum sun
light and protection from the wind
are also important. For smaller gar
dens dig a trench to a depth of one
foot or more. Mix one part compost,
leaf mold or manure to two parts of
the soil from the trench. Add a little
phosphorus and sulfur. Then refill
the trench with the mixture. Peas
planted in this prepared soil should
do well.
Some pea varieties that have
grown well in Oregon are Dark Green ,
Perfection, Green Arrow and Lax ton
Progress. Other pea varieties may
have been grown successfully. Check
with local gardeners or at garden
stores.
Plant peas an inch deep (or follow
directions on the seed packet) and
several inches apart. Plant bush type
peas in rows three feet apart; tall
growing varieties need four feet be
tween rows. If the plants are to be
supported, wire netting or a string
trellis can be put between the rows.
Tall varieties usually do better
when grown on a trellis. However,
left unsupported, they will form a
ground cover and still produce well.
Oregon Sugar Pod II is an edible
pod variety that will provide some
thing different along with the old
standby types. It is virus-resistant
and can be planted later as well.
Garden peas planted soon will be
ready to harvest in late June.
The University of Oregon Tour
was a huge success for the 39 visiting
students. Monday they arrived at the
Madras Methodist Church to a pot
luck and to meet their host families.
The WarmSprings4-HCultural Club
opened with the Lord's prayer per
formed in sign language. After the
meal, the Japanese students did two
of their native dances and invited any
and all to join and learn one of them.
Tuesday morning was filled by
taking the students to the scaswirl
boats and the Old Courthouse in
Culver. By noon they had come back
to the Madras Fairgrounds to ride the
old cars, go through the old school
house and to finish out the day with
their host families or by shopping.
Tuesday evening was back to the
fairgrounds lor a presentation oy urcn
Leonard on the Warm Spring Res
ervation and Native dance and dress
with the help of Gene Sampson and
son.
Wednesday morning, the students
went to Kah-Ncc-Ta for the morning
then left to Hood River for the re
mainder of their vacation.
At this time a special thank you
goes out to: Tribal Council for the
salmon; Iris Smith for helping cut the
salmon and preparing it to be cooked
for the potluck; Natural Resources
for our request and taking the salmon
out on Sunday and delivering them
on Monday; Tcddie Tanawasha,
Orthclia Miller and the 4-H Culture
Club for their Lord's prayer presen
tation; the Public Relations office for
their help of putting a presentation
together in one day; To Urcn Leonard
for doing the presentation; Gene ,
Sampson and son for their help in the i
Whitewashed jeans
advertised as high
fashion
First there were stone washed
jeans, storting a wnoie tasnion oi
distressed looks in jeans. Now it's
whitewashed jeans. This means the
blue color has almost been completely
removed from the denim. The re
maining color is a very light blue.
The manufacturer reports that
about 30 percent of the fabric strength
is lost due to the processing. But
consumers have not complained
about the shortened wear life.
Because these jeans are advertised
as high fashion jeans, consumers do
not expect long wear life. Consum
ers need to recognize that some of the
high fashion jeans do not last as long
and may need to be replaced sooner.
presentation; Gwcn Leonard, Alice
Sampson for being there at the pre
sentation; Arlcnc Boilcau for
vidcoing the presentation and Mickey
for helping with the office equipment;
Clay Pcnhollow for being the Master
ofCcrcmonicsat the potluck; Wilson
Wcwa for being the only host family
from Warm Springs; Paula Moses
and Tina Aguilar from the Warm
Springs OSU office for all the help
with everything; Ron Malfara for
giving the students a discount to swim
at Kah-Ncc-Ta; and the biggest
thanks of all to Liz Blann from the
Madras OSU Extension office for
the task of finding all the host family
homes and doing all the major work.
April 1992 4-H Clubs
1 6 St amp Club, 4-H room from 6-7 p.m. Pen Pal Club, 4-6
p.m.. 4-H Kitchen.
17 Girls Basketball, Warm Springs Gym, 4:30-7 p.m.
20 Boys Basketball, Warm Springs Gym, 4-5:30 p.m. Search
and Rescue, 5-8 p.m., Madras.
21 Beginning Knitting, 4-5 p.m., 4-H room. Computer, EDO,
4:30-6:30 p.m. Indian Sign Language, 5-6 p.m., 4-H room.
22 Girls Basketbat, Madras Buff, 5:30-8 p.m.
24 Girls Basketball, Warm Springs Gym, 4:30-7 p.m.
27 Boys Basketball, Warm Springs Gym, 4-5:30 p.m. Search
and Rescue, 6-8 p.m., 4-H room.
28 Beginning Knitting, 4-5 p.m.,4-H room. Computer, EDO,
4:30-6:30 p.m. Indian Sign Language, 5-6 p.m., 4-H room.
29 Girls Basketball, Madras Buff, 5:30-8 p.m.
30 Pen Pal Club, 4-6 p.m., 4-H Kitchen.
Following are the 4-H Leaders:
Girls Basketball Foster Kalama
Boys Basketball Melvin Tewee
Beginning Knitting Liz Blann
Computer Keith Baker
Search and Rescue Keith Baker
Indian Sign Language Orthelia Miller & Teddl
Stamp Club Elsie Zehr-Reid
Pen Pal Club Paula Brisbois, Raynelle Martinez
Several species of yellowjackets and wasps are pests
Several species of social, paper
making wasps, which feed their
maggot-like larvae on sweet solutions
and bits of caterpillars or flics, are
pests in Oregon. These include sev
eral species of yellow and black
yellow jackets, several species of
yellow and brown Polistcs, and the
black and white bald-faced hornet.
Yellow jackets make cither aerial
nests under caves or in attics, or un
derground nests. Each nest contains
several flat paper combs of hexago
nal cells in each of which the queen
lays an egg. The resulting larvae are
fed throughout their lives by the
smaller, sterile workers. The work
ers arc most apt to sting people when
they get too close to the nest entrance
which may be a crack in the soil, or
next to a sunken water meter or stand
pipe. Yellow jackets arc strongly
attracted to cooked meat, especially
salmon, and can be a nuisance at
picnics or outdoor meals.
The paper used by social paper
wasps is made from wood pulp pre
pared by the workers from bits of
wood rasped with their mandibles
from fence posts, dry weeds, wooden
boxes, old boards, etc. and mixed
with saliva. The layers of paper are
4-H Leaders attend training
Family Community Leadership
training was held at Eugene, Oregon
February 24 to 27, 1 992 in the Eugene
Hilton. A team of eight represented
the Jefferson County Extension of
fices. Four from Warm Springs were
selected and they are : Foster Kalama,
Valerie Aguilar, FranceliaMillcrand ,
Ronnie Suppah, Sr. Also from Warm
Springs but was representing the
Children Services was Frances
Brunoe.
The FCL training is by the Oregon
State University Extension office of
Corvallis.
stKKSSi'S'S! Plantina vour Easter lilies
0 davs v J
up cycling by as much as 20 days
compared to cattle not exposed. In
addition, cows in moderate body
condition were more responsive to
bull exposure than cows in high body
condition at calving.
The average starting dates of the
cycles was 6 1 .8 days from parturition
for cows exposed to young bulls,
59.5 days forcows exposed to mature
bulls, and 72.3 days for cows not
exposed, a little simple management
can help you get your herd reproduc
ing sooner.
Look for these and similar bits of
management advice to be presented
onthel992WascoCountyBullTour.
Christmas tree growers
be aware of spider mites
Spruce spider mites can cause se
rious damage to Christmas trees. The
Oregon State University (OSU) Ex
tension Service has a publication that
can help Christmas tree growers
better identify, monitor and control
the spruce spider mite using inte
grated pest management.
The OSU Extension Service spe
cial report titled "Spruce Spider Mite
Biology and control in Christmas
Trees," (ST 875) describes the life
cycle of the mite as well as how to
look for and carefully control the
tiny pest
Management practices can dis
rupt the natural balance between the
spider mite and its predators, allow
ing rapid mite buildup and damage,
so monitoring is essential, said Jack
DeAngelis, entomologist with the
OSU Extension Service and a co
author of the report
The report is on file at local county
offices of the OSU Extension Service.
For further information, contact your
local agent or specialist
The lily purchased for Easter
decoration can become a part of the
perennial flower garden, but it won 't
bloom at Easter.
Commercial lily growers force lily
plants to bloom early. When the same
plant is put in the flower bed, it
responds to normal temperatures and
sunlightby blooming in mid-summer.
The following directions are for
planting your Easter lily:
After the lily has finished
blooming and the blossoms have
withered, cut the flower stems back
to the top foliage. Keep the plant
active by watering when the soil
becomes dry and place it in a spot
where it receives bright light.
When all danger of severe frost
has passed, move the plant to a se
lected spot in the flower bed. Lilies
need full sunlight and deep, fertile,
well-drained soil. Protection from
hard winds is advisable. Remove the
plant from its container carefully so
the top doesn't break away from the
bulb. Plant it - soil ball and all -slightly
deeper than it was growing
in the pot.
Work a handful of bone meal or
bulb meal into the soil below the
bulb. If the plant has a tall stem,
support it with a stake driven into the
planting hole.
The top will eventually die down
when the bulb has matured and the
plant will go into its dormancy pe
riod. Next year the lily will emerge in
late spring and bloom in July.
7 k I -
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it
Pictured are the leaders who attended the Family Community Leadership
training held in Eugene. Back row, left to right: Lee Bissell, Bob Hair, Ronnie
Suppah, Sr., and Foster Kalama. Front row, left to right; Brenda Parrish,
Tracee Dmytryk, Frances Brunoe, Francilia Miller, and Valerie Aguilar.
Publications offer information on firewood
The focus is different in three new
Oregon State University (OSU) pub
lications of interest to people who
heat their homes with wood stoves,
but one message is the same in each:
Dry firewood provides more heat
from less wood.
With that in mind OSU Extension
reminds you that spring is the time to
cut firewood so it will be dry enough
to burn efficiently next winter.
Larry Giardina, OSU Extension
energy agent in Medford, wrote these
three publications. Their titles ex
plain the main focus of each; ED
1387 "Burn Dry Firewood for Safer,
Cleaner Burning and Efficiency," ED
1389 "Build a Solar Wood Dryer,"
and EX 1404 "Operate and Maintain
Your Wood Stove for Safer, Cleaner
Burning and Efficiency."
Single copies of any or all are
available from Publications Orders.
Agricultural Communication, Or
egon State University. Administra
tion Services A422, Corvallis, OR
97331-21 19. There isnocharge. Ask
for them by both name and number.
Or contact Warm Spring Extension
Office and have them order.
built up strip by strip, and often vary
greatly in color, reflecting their di
verse sources.
The bald-faced hornet makes large
oval, gray paper aerial nests which
contain several horizontal combs
suspended one below the other. The
nests arc usually attached to a limb in
a small tree or shrub.
Polistcs wasps moke only a single,
naked, paper comb which is usually
attached under eaves or other over
hangs. There is no size difference
between the queen and the workers.
All social wasp colonics are annual
affairs. At the height of summer ac
tivity, however, a yellow jacket or
hornet nest may contain several
thousand individuals. Males are
produced toward fall and the mated
females over winter in protected
places such as in soil crevices, about
the home, or in decayed logs. New
colonies of all species are produced
solely by overwintering fertilized
queens.
Control of wasps and hornets
should be undertaken only after dork
when they cannot fly and all indi
viduals are at home. Use a flashlight
to locate the nest or nest entrance,
and treat liberally with a pressurized
spray containing .5 Baygon or
DDVP (Vapona). Resmethnn, pyre
thrins, and diazinon are also useful.
Commercial yellow jacket traps
are available as an alternate control
method.
Tilling garden
performs many
functions to soil
Tilling the garden performs a
number of necessary functions. It
mixes manures, fertilizers, compost
and clippings into garden soil. And,
it temporarily loosens the soil and
helps control weeds that compete
with crops for moisture and nutrients.
Frequent tilling, however, may do
more harm than good.
Soil loosened by cultivation usu
ally returns to its original condition
after one or two irrigations. Contin
ued tilling tends to destroy the
structural qualities of a soil and may
eventually leave you with a soil that
is better suited to making bricks than
garden produce.
Till garden soil only when it will
accomplish some useful purpose,
such as turning under organic matter,
controlling weeds, breaking crusted
soil for water penetration or loosen
ing a small amount of soil forplanting
seed.
Simple salmon recipes given for your recipe files
Rose planting time in March and April
Home gardeners thinking of roses
can start planting soon. Rose plants
are now on sale in many garden stores
and nurseries.
For best results, plant roses when
conditions are right Planting time is
usually March and April. The sooner
roses are planted, however, the bet
ter chance they have of making good
root growth before the warm tem
peratures start
Plant roses in well-drained flower
beds that receive at least a half a day
of sunshine. After selecting the
planting site, dig a hole 15 to 18
inches wide and deep. Add a quart of
peat moss or compost to the soil and
mix well. Fashion the compost-soil
mixture into a cone or mound and put
it into the planting hole.
Place the rose plant on the compost-soil
mix and spread the roots
out and down to give them room.
Then start adding soil to the hole,
working the dirt around the roots to
get rid of air pockets. Fill the hole
about three-fourths full, firming the
soil as you go. Then fill the remain
ing part of the hole with water and
allow it to soak in. Add the water
again and finish filling the hole.
Mixed salmon salad
1 pint canned salmon
1 cup shredded cabbage
12 cup broken walnuts
1 hard cooked egg, sliced
12 cup chopped celery
12 cup chopped sweet pickles
13 cup mayonnaise
salt & pepper to taste
lettuce leaves
Drain and flake salmon. Toss with
remaining ingredients except lettuce.
Spoon onto lettuce-lined salad plates.
Makes 4 servings.
Rice
role
and salmon casse-
1 pint canned salmon
2 cups hot cooked rice
2 Tbsp. butter
salt to taste
1 can condensed cream soup (cel
ery, mushroom, asparagus, etc.)
12 cup bread crumbs, crackers,
or potato chips
Combine rice with butter and salt
Pat into bottom and sides of a well
greased 1 quart casserole. Break
salmon into chunks and arrange over
rice. Pour soup and salmon liquid
over salmon and top with crumbs.
Bake at 350 F. for 35-40 minutes or
until bubbly. Makes 4 to 5 servings.
Simple seafood salad
1 pint canned salmon
1 cup chopped celery
13 cup mayonnaise dressing or plain
yogurt
2 hard cooked eggs, chopped
2 Tbsp. chopped sweet pickle
salad greens
Drain fish. Break into large pieces,
combine all ingredients except salad
greens. Toss lightly chilled. Serve on
salad greens. Makes 6 servings.
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