Spilyay 1moo
Use more time and effort when exploring
ut.;u nm urvk.ni.hrtme nlans
It takes work to eel work. The
more effort and lime you put into
exploring the Job market, the more
likely you'll get I Job.
Check newspaper ads for "help
wanted" or place a "work wanted
ad. It'i Important to know when the
newspaper comes out. Check out
classified ads daily and be near a
telephone if you placed an ad. When
there is a job, action tohirc can happen
quickly.
There will be a livestock session held in Antelope at the Antelope
School beginning 10:30 a.m. on Monday, January 27, 1992. RSVP
Wednesday, January 22, 1992.
The Agenda is simple: 10:30 a.m. Quality Assurance: saving product,
meats and markets. Dr. Don Hansen; Noon Hosted Lunch; 1:00 p.m.
Water Rights Adjudication. Dwight French State Water Resource Depart
ment; 1:45 p.m. Wetlands Definition.
For RSVP call Vicki Ashley at 395-2529 or the Wasco Co. Extension
Take action to deal with people
" . . .Wnnmhlcmt. r r
Pennlc. whn are seriously dc
prcsseanccd medical help. Thcycan't
'just snap out of if or "just stop
being depressed if they really wanted
to."
Feelings of hopelessness and low
energy, which are symptoms of de
pression, often keep people from
seeking help. The most important
thing you can do is to encourage and
possibly assist the person to get a
medical evaluation. The first impor
tant step is to rule out a treatable
medical problem and medication side
effects as causes of the depression.
You may sec signs of depression,
yet the person firmly denies it, be
comes angry or resists help. There
are no easy answers for dealing with
a resistant person; however, it may
be easier if you talk about specific
physical change you have noticed,
such as weight loss or gain, fatigue or
4-H a learning program
Adult volunteer leaders are the
moincMv r tht 4.H nmimim Each
IHHiiuiuj v w 1 f'0'
year nearly 9,000 adults volunteer
their time and talents to help Oregon
4-H members. In addition, nearly
1300 teens are volunteer club lead
ers. Leaders learn along with 4-H
members as Extension agents and
specialists keep them informed about
new information. Not only do lead
ers learn more about the subject they
are teaching, but they learn about
teaching techniques and working with
people. For this reason 4-H is often
referred to as an adult education
program as well as a youth education
program.
Although most volunteers lead
clubs, there are other leadership roles
Keep gift houseplants healthy
UAiipanlqnto mob vrt1fnt hr.1i.
day gifts, especially if both giver ana
receiver neiu uie main siay uaiuir.
Plants differ in their needs for light,
water and fertilizer
When giving a houseplant as a
Christmas gift, make sure that the
plant is in a pot that can drain away
excess water. Also, the plant should
be in a soil mixture that supplies
adequate air and water to plant roots,
and that anchors the plant firmly.
You may need to do some
repotting to make sure the soil mix
ture is correct
Water a houseplant only when the
surface of the potting soil feels dry.
When watering, apply enough that
sKJfne runs out the bottom of the pot,
which you can then discard. Irrigat
ing from the bottom is effective, but
every third watering should be from
the top to flush excess fertilizer salts
out of the soil.
Place the plant in direct or indirect
lighting according to its individual
growing requirements. If these are
unknown, plant shops and bookstores
have excellent houseplant books that
can help.
Fertilizer is necessary only when
the plant is actively growing. Many
indoor plants will grow vigorously
for awhile, then go into a resting
period when their fertilizer require
ments are very low.
Houseplants seldom die of starva
tion. More plants are killed by too
much fertilizer rather than too little.
Houseplants generally prefer a
higher humidity than most homes
sunnlv. Help vour plant adjust to
conditions in your home by misting
Determine gardens fertilizer needs
A poor yield trom last summer s
home garden may mean your soil
doesn't make the grade where nutri
tion is concerned. The best way to
find out is with a soil test.
A soil test is laboratory chemical
analysis of the soil, say Ray
McNeilan, Oregon State University
(OSU) Extension home gardening
agent. It determines soil nutrient
content, including levels of calcium,
magnesium, potassium and phos
phorus. Soil acidity or alkalinity (pH) and
percent of organic matter in the soils
also are measured.
Test results help determine the
garden's fertilizer and lime needs.
Knowing what nutrients already are
available in the soil prevents appli
cation of unneeded fertilizer.
A yearly test of garden soil isn't
Some newspapers and magazines
carry ads for Jobs, work -at-home or
distributors opportunities that sound
too good to be true. Usually they arc.
Unfortunately, people most in need
of money often end up losing time
and cash when they respond to ad
vertisements such as these: Earn $400
$600 per month, in your own home,
choose your own hours; Get a $1 545
a week Job in Alaska, Even if totally
unskilled!
The physical aspectsof depression
are often more acceptable than the
mental aspect. If the person ac
knowledges being depressed, try
explaining that depression is a
medical condition, often caused by
an illness, mcdication.s or bio
chemical changes in body.and that it
is treatable.
It's particularly important to
communicate caring. Don't make the
person feci that he or she is to blame
lor being ill. Avoid moralizing and
giving pep talks. Telling depressed
people to "cheer up," pull yourself
together," or similar comments will
only make them feci worse. Pep talks
tell people their feelings are wrong
or not important.
Is there a person who has listening
leverage and influence with the per
son? If so, enlist the help of this
for adults and youth
in Oregon 4-H. some volunteers may
serve as community coordinators.
assisting Extension agents in re
cruiting and organizing 4-H work in
a particular geographic area. Others
serve as resource leaders, sharing
their skills with club leaders, while
still others share their talents as ac
tivity leaders for camps and special
programs or committee members in
volved in program planning with
professional staff.
The Extension professional staff
provide training and support for vol
unteers and are responsible for pro-
gram direction and the educational
aspects of programming. Volunteers
are the key to program delivery as
they transmit information and share
their skills in direct contact with
youth.
tViA frvliorTA tvarivUrall v nrhv cp.ftiflff
the pot on a tray ot peDDies ana
Butbecarefulnottoletthe bottom
of the pot touch the water. Also, keep
the leaves clean by bathing or
spraying them with lukewarm water.
If the plant is too large to mo ve, wipe
each leaf clean with a soft, damp
cloth.
n , il In nlrsl'irsti o onWronfl nlont
DV UdlUIUI III ZCICUUliy a ra(uruM,
If von nlan to eive a landscape
plant as a holiday gift, be careful in
your selection. The gift's recipient
will appreciate it.
First, make sure the plant fits into
the landscape design scheme of the
individual for who it is intended,
says Ray McNeilan, Oregon State
University (OSU) Extension home
gardening agent. If it isn't suitable or
won't make the landscape more at
tractive, the receiver risks youranger
by not planting it, or must live for
years with a shrub or tree that is
lrntatingly out ot place.
lUUIlglJ UUIU1 Jiutv.
Another important consideration,
.!np.riallv if the plant is eoine to
another part of the United S tates,is to
be sure the plant will survive in the
climate where it will be planted.
Nursery salespeople can tell you if a
plant is suited to various regions of
the United States.
Other considerations include the
eventual size and shape of the plant
and whether it needs to be planted in
the sun or shade.
Treat the landscape plant with
care.
Protect it trom extreme com
wnen transporting it from the nurs
necessary, dui iesung sun ucwg gu
dened for the first time is helpful. A
soil test may also help where there
are vegetable growth problems that
may be related to soil fertility.
If you need further
assistance
concerning your
gardening needs
contact the OSU
Extension office for
more information
Warm Springs, Oregon
While some work-at-home plans
are legitimate, many arc not The
most common deceptive promotion
is for envelope stuffing at home.
Promoters usually ask for a small fee
to tell you how locam money stuffing
envelopes at home. They may also
suggest you run the same type ad and
have people send you money. You
may receive a list of companies on
the list to get their business.
Some companies request a sizable
in vestment and then send you assem
bly or craft kits with promises to buy
the product because the work was
-inferior or did not meet "quality
standards."
Franchise or distributor promoters
who promise unrealistic profits and
nerd vnur decision immediately,
should raise a red flag for you to slow
down. A legitimate promoter would
encourage you to visit other distribu
who are seriously depressed and need help
person. A good friend may be able to from the past can help stimulate dis- pconlc feel a measure ol fsucc
person. A good friend may be able to
get the person to seen a mcoicw
evaluation when you or a family
member cannot.
While severe depression requires
medical attention, mild forms may
not require professional treatment.
Actions you take can often help lift
mild depression.
Structure activity. Mild depression
tends to respond to structure and
physical activity. If you can get dc
pressed people involved in doing
tnings, incy generally utm w
tvnr Fxprcise produces chemical
and psychological changes that can
enhance a person's mood and give a
feeling of accomplishment.
Reminisce about positive past ex
periences. This can increase a sense
of accomplishment and self-worth.
Ask direction about the past Old
photos, scrapbook, and other objects
OSU
Extension
implements
drug testing
Recently, the 4-H Leader Asso
ciation discussed the Tribal drug
testing policy. There was concurrence
that this was important to the safety
and well-being of the community
youth O.S.U. Extension works with.
Therefore the Association has de
cided to implement drug testing for
all new 4-H volunteers beginning
January 1, 1992.
Tests are to be taken through the
Employment Assistance Program
(E.A.P.) office in Warm Springs on
Tuesdays or by making an appoint
ment on another day. Inform the
E.A.P. office that you are a4-H leader
so they can send the paperwork to the
O.S.U. Extension office. The E.A.P.
office is located next door to the
Extension office in the back of the
building.
If you had recently taken a drug
test, please call the O.S.U. office
with that information. If you have
any questions, don't hesitate to call
the Extension office at 553-3238.
ery . Ana keep tne plant in an ouiaoor
area protectca irom wina unui i is
given. Then, it should be planted as
soon as the climate allows. Freezing
weather, for instance, means a delay
until the ground thaws,
Help children to
Most of what vour child learns
about money is learned from you, the
parent As children watch parents
spend and save, they develop atti
tudes about money.
J
nrapriate financial attitudes and hab-
To help your cnnaren learn ap-
To let go means to love
To "let go" does not mean to stop caring, it means that
I can't do it for someone else.
To "let go" is not to cut myself off, it is the realization
that I can't control another. ,
To "let go" is not to enable, but to allow learning from
natural consequences.
To "let go" is to admit powerlessness, which means
the outcome is not in my hands.
To "let go" is not to try to change or blame another, it
is to make the most of myself.
To "let go" is not to care for, but to care about.
To "let go" is not to fix, but to be supportive.
To "let go" is not to judge, but to allow another to be
a human being.
To "let go" is not to be in the middle arranging all tne
outcomes but to allow others to effect their own desti
nies, i. ..
To "let go" is not to be protective, it is to permit another
to face reality.
To "let go" is not to deny, but to accept.
To "let go" is not to nag, scold, or argue, but instead
to search out my own shortcomings and to correct them.
To "let go" is notto adjust everything to my desires but
to take each day as it comes, and to cherish myself in it.
To "let go" is not to criticize and regulate anybody but
to try to become what I dream I can be.
To "let go" is not to regret the past, but to grow and to
live for the future.
To "let go" is to fear less and to love more.
Thanks to Liz Blann for sharing
job market
tors.
Be cautious where a Job offers a
loo-good-to-be-true salary.claims no
experience or skills needed and ex
pects a fee for Job placement.
What tasks will I be required to
perform?
Will 1 be paid on salary or com
mission? Who will pay me?
When do I get my first paycheck?
What costs do I need to pay for?
Get the name, address, and tclc-
Ehonc number and call the promoter
ack at his or her office.
Go one step further. Check with
the Better Business Bureau in the
area where the employer is located.
Talk with the postmaster because the
U.S. Postal Service investigates
fraudulent mail practices.
Information obtained from the
University of Wisconsin Extension.
from the past can help stimulate dis
cussion. Avoid reinforcing negative
thought patterns. Ask the person for
evidence for an against negative
thoughts. Often the person will be
surprised that there is little basis in
reality for the negative self-evaluations.
Provide socializing experiences.
Friends can be eood medicine, espe
cially those willing to listen to the
person's feelings and who arc upbeat
j"v
Find an activity or task the person
can do well. Depressed people tend
to feel like failures. It's important for
them to experience success, to do
something well. Try to find activities
that reinforce pleasant events and
build a sense of self-worth and ad
equacy. Setting small, attainable
goals with immediate results can help
Think 4-HI
Avoiding the credit card trap
Ttw tax HeHur.iinn for credit card
interest is gone. Yet fewer credit card
holders are paying their balances in
full. About 61 percent of us carried
revolving balances in 1988 and 65
percent did in 1989. If you're making
just the easy-to-scrape-up minimum
payment listed on your monthly
statement, your pockctbook is taking
a hard hit over the long haul. .. .
On a credit card with an 1 8 percent
annual interest rate - equal to a 1.5
percent monthly periodic rate - ap
proximately half of each payment
over $10 is interest and half goes
Winter brings
Winter storms often brinalfield
mice into residential areas in search
of food, especially in areas with snow
cover. Rabbits and mountain beavers
can also be a problem in rural areas.
In cities or towns, field mice can
become esiapusnca in areas wiw
thirlc stands of grass or weeds, such
become established in areas with
as vacant lots or parks. The rodents
may severely damage trees ana snruos
by feeding on their upper roots and
lower trunk.
"If not controlled, they can girdle
the plants and kill them," says Ray
McNeilan, Oregon State University
develop attitudes about money
. . .. 1. wtnt affnrii an oltnwanrp. for tl
its, give them an opportunity to make
SOme OI uieir own uiuiicy utnaiuiio.
One way to do this is to give children
an allowance, explains Alice Mills
Morrow, OSU Extension family
economics specialist.
Often parents feel that they can-
Create a comfort zone at home
How can I keep the house warm
during an extra-cold snap? Thai's an
often-asked question this timcof year.
For an answer we turn to Dave Brook,
Oregon State University Extension
energy agent, who learned how to
keep warm durina sub-zero tem
peratures when he lived in Alaska.
Brook suggests you create a
people feel a measure of success.
Give the person control. Encour
age as much control and decision
making as the person can handle, but
don't overwhelm them with deci
sions. Taking away control unnec
essarily tends to reinforce a depressed
person's feelings of inadequacy.
Provide choices, but don't push or
intrude more than necessary.
Remember, you may need to ac
cept that no matter how much you
might want to, you cannot replace
the losses or undo the changes in the
older person's life that contribute to
the person's depression are complex
and professional help may be needed.
If you are interested in more about
depression in later life, contact your
county OSU Extension Office and
ask for the publication, Depression
in Later Life, PNW 347.The publi
cation may also be ordered for $ 1 .50
plus DU cents ior snipping anu nan
dling from Publications Orders, Ag-
ricultural Communications, OSU
Corvallis, OR 97331-21 19.
toward the principal. Assuming you
made no other charges, a aouu pur
chase paid off at one minimum pay
ment at a time, would cost almost
$800 by the time you paid it off 75
months later (carrying the debt over
6 years).
You fall deeper into debt when
you keep paying the minimum bal-
purchases with your creaitcara. Aaa
$200 in charges every month to the
original $500 purchase while making
only a 3 percent minimum monthly
payment and you'll reach a $2,500
credit limit in a year. Pay that down
by the minimum payment method
and you send the bank more than
$2,750 of interest over 16 12 years.
in field mice
(OSU) Extension home gardening
agent. Recently planted truit trees
are quite vulnerable to invasions of
field mice.
A fine mesh hardware collar
wrapped around the base of trees and
shrubs will protect against mice,
McNeilan says. The mesh hardware
material is available at garden stores.
Traps and poison baits are also
effective in controlling rodents. Be
fore using poison baits, check with a
local garden store for types available
and conditions under which they
should be used.
not afford an allowance for their
children. It sounds like one more
expense added to the budget. But it
doesn't have to be an extra expense.
In fact it may save you money.
Keep a record of how much money
you give your child in a typical week
and what it goes for-school supplies,
lunches, ball games, toys, clothing,
snacks, and so on. You're already
spending this money on your child.
Try giving this same amount as an
allowance. It is not an addition to the
family budget, you were spending it
already. But now children will be
learning to manage money and make
money decisions.
Protect your
Manv insects are pests no matter
what the season, but some of them that
often infiltrate stored foods in the fall
seem especially bothersome.
Protecting stored foods in the home
from insect infestation is a matter of
keeping storage areas clean and using
airtight storage containers, says Ray
McNeilan, Oregon State University
(OSU) Extension home gardening
agent. Hungry insects often prefer ce
reals, flour, corn meal, spices, dried
fruits and nuts.
Flour beetles (or bran bugs) such as
the sawtooth grain beetle are common
pests. They are reddish brown, hard
shelled insects about one-eighth inch
long. Although adults are usually the
first observed, the brownish-white
larvae of these beetles also feed on
flour, cereals and condiments.
Flour moths like the Indian-meal
moth, the Mediterranean flour moth
and the meal mom, are gray or reddish
brown, and have a wing span of one
half inch or more. These moths flying
January 10, 1992 PAGE 7
Information provided by:
Warm Springs OSU
Extension Office
1131 Paiute Street
553-3238
"comfort zone" by closing off the
part of the house where the family
spends most of their time. Place a
space heater there and turn the ther
mostat to the central heating system
down to between 50 and 55 degrees.
An ideal comfort zone has low ceil
ings, doors that close, few exterior
walls, a few small windows, and good
southern exposure of sunny days.
If the area doesn't have doors,
hang a blanket or even a sheet over
the doorway. Insulate a cold wall by
hanging a quilt, blanket or other wall
hanging made from fabric scraps.
Push towels or blankets along the
bottoms of doors. Open south-facing
curtains and shades when the sun is
shining. Close them at night or on
cloudy days. Use inside plasuc storm
windows to help warm the comfort
zone and reduce condensation.
Be sure to keep the space heater
away from drapes, papers, and any
thing else that can catch fire. Also,
turn it off at bedtime. Brook said that
more than 60 percent of fires caused
by space heaters occur between
midnight and 6 a.m. when people arc
sleeping.
If you have a wood stove, you can
use these same ideas to create a
comfort zone in the room it's in,
Brook added.
Even if the comfort zone has a
fireplace, don't use it. Use a space
heater instead. It's more efficient.
c,osc racphcc damper and glass
d if u has them If Ae ruephec
has neither a damper nor class
doors.block the fireplace opening
with cardboard. Be sure the fire is
completely out.
Brook cautioned against using a
space heater such as a kerosene or
propane heater because of air pollu
tion and moisture problems.
During extremely cold weather, if
your central heating thermostat is
located inside the comfort zone, the
rooms outside the comfort zone may
get too cold because the thermostat
never tells the furnace to cycle on.
During this extreme cold snap, you
may witn to set me uiermusuu jui
below the temperature of the comfort
zone. This will allow the central
heaung system to cycle on occa
sionally. "Of course," Brook says, "when
ever you're chilly, put on an extra
layer of clothes before vou turn up
the thermostat or space heater."
The number of
children without
insurance
increases
A stunning indication of the poor
condition of American children is
the declining proportion covered by
medical Insurance. Research indi
cates the number of children without
private or public health innranri,
increased by 40 between 1977 and
1987. In addition, there is a decline
in public insurance coverage among
children in households with working
single parents. In 1977, one-third of
these children were covered by public
insurance; in 1987 barely 13 were
covered. Some 37 million Americans
are without health insurance cover
age, nearly a third under the age 17.
After decades of slow decline, the
rate of infant mortality in this coun
try has recently begun to increase
and there is evidence that the general
health of children, especially poor
children, is regressing.
The AIDS infection rate of
Oregon's new mothers has risen from
14200 in 1989 to 12000 in 1991.
stored foods
in hnmPM ars nftr.n the first sitm of an
infestation. The Indian meal moth may
be a special problem in stored walnuts.
Mealworms are one-half to three
quarters of an inch long and have a dark
brown to black hard shell.
For control of these pests, first locate
and destroy the source of infestation.
Discard allcontaminatcd food and clean
food shelves thoroughly. A vacuum
cleaner with attachments designed for
use in hard-to-reach places is handy for
removing food particles lodged in
cracks.
"Coffee cans with plasuc lids will
keep out adult insects, but the larvae
can get under the lids," said McNeilan.
"A jar with a screw on top is better."
In addiuon to careful storage of
foods, check dried foods periodically.
Usually, thorough cleaning is the
only control needed. However, if thor
ough cleaning is not possible, use a
pressurized household insect spray to
treat cracks and corners of shelves after
removing all dishes and food.
i
I