m u, pJ w -(p, ,11 n, (hi ui yp i i-i - i ' i'-i-vt-I r-r I I I1"""" i I" i i "I i -r-rr-rT' t-r"rmmm"1r"''w"m"0 pwr'
SHLYAY TYMOO
Warm Springs, Oregon
May 4, 1990 PAGE 7
u ymWpt p,'p--pr-p-p-nr- 1 """ir I "I I1" i
Traditional
The traditional Indian ways of
child rearing are rich in nurturance
and love. I hey are time proven
ways that help children along their
path to healthy growth and devcl
opment. These ways are meaning
j ful today for what they teach us
about w hat children need and how
we should treat our children.
The cradleboard is one item that
'. was (and is) both useful and practi
cal. Babies were kept close to their
mothers in this way, and it allowed
t mothers to do their daily work with
the child right there. The baby was
' wrapped tightly and then laced in
the board. The baby had the feeling
of being secure and safe, like being
in the womb. It relaxed the child
allowing him or her to sleep or
observe quietly w hat was going on.
The baby in the board has a
chance to use his or her eyes more.
Because tied and unable to move
his or her hands, the baby used
other senses to explore the world.
The senses of sight and hearing
were sharpened early. Also, look
ing around, the child has to use his
or her brain to try and figure out
what they were seeing. The child
brought up in a board seems to
wait and look over situations
before fully reacting.
When a baby is wrapped he or
she gets the message to calm down,
i It is difficult to try and get a baby
to calm down by jostling and
bouncing the baby up and down on
your knee. But restraining the
baby, so that it cannot flail its arms
tells the baby it is time to calm
down.
Modern research about babies is
now teaching the white world that
babies are comforted by being
wrapped. But wrapping and plac
ing in a board needs to be done
right from birth. If a baby is not
wrapped and placed in a board and
the parents later decide to use
wrapping or a board, the baby will
protest.
Sit down and relax
When the big and little prob
lems of your everyday life pile
up to the point where you feel
like lashing out -- stop. Don't
take it out on your kid. Try any
or all of these simple 12 alterna
tives -- whatever works for you
1. Stop in your tracks. Step down.
, Sit down.
1.' Take five deep breaths. Inhale.
Exhale, Slowly, slowly.
3. Count to 10. Better yet, 20. Or
say the alphabet out loud.
4. Phone a friend, a relative or go
visit someone.
Try oriental seasoned Mexican frajitas
A nontraditional version of the
newest Tex-Mex craze. Our ver
sion is stir-fried instead of grilled,
and uses Oriental seasonings.
Ingredients:
1 tablespoon plus 1 teaspoon
reduced sodium soy sauce
2 teaspoons cider vinegar
Vi teaspoon sugar
Va teaspoon corn starch
Vi teaspoon dry mustard
Generous dash pepper
2 tablespoons plus 2 teaspoons
vegetable oil
b flour tortillas (6-7 Inch
, diameter)
1 medium sweet onion (about 4
ounces), thinly sliced
2 meduim sweet red or green
peppers or one of each color
(about 5 ounces each), cut
into julienne strips
1 clove garlic, minced or
pressed
12 ounces skinless, boneless
chicken breast, cut into thin
strips (about 2 Inches In
length)
V to Va teaspoon chili powder
assorted garnishes such as
chopped onions or scallions,
chopped tomatoes, and
sweet and sour sauce or
Holsln sauce (optional)
WMMIIlMLllklj' llH.ll
tph ; vie )
2 -
V-- 'vSy ,
practices provide nurturing, love
A cradleboard was also a bond
ing clement between the women of
the family. In many tribes the
women sat together after the baby
was born to make the board. Some
designs on the boards designate
that the baby is cither a boy or a
girl. The older women instruct the
young mother in how to wrap and
place the baby in the board. "You
do it this way," is the usual saying.
"It is done that way." Very precise,
and the practice is passed on to the
next generation in the same way.
In making boards each tribe had
it's own customs. In many tribes
very special consideration was
given to what went into the board.
Designs, special things or doings
went into the board so that the
child's spirit would be happy and
protected. The great care with
which boards were made teaches us
the strength of Indian heritage for
nurturance and child protection.
The making of the cradleboard
brought the family together for a
common goal. . . to help nurture
the child in a cultural sense and to
help the child develop skills on
their own that they would need
later on in life.
The feeling of closeness and
warmth experience J by the child in
the board helped the child feel
secure. The need to trust that the
world was safe was fulfilled.
Not all tribes usee the cradle
board. Some simply used wrap
ping. The child was wrapped in a
blanket as if in a cocoon, and as in
the cradleboard, the child slept
securely and did not startle easily.
Parents would talk or sing to their
babies even while asleep to let them
know the parent was near and not
to worry.
Many tribes had customs that
involved infant massage. As the
baby was gently unwrapped from
blanket or board the parent gently
rubbed the infant's limbs and
talked to the child. By just touch
5.
Still mad? Hug a pillow.
Or
munch an an apple
Do some situps.
Thumb through a magazine,
book or newspaper.
Pick up a pencil and write
down your thoughts.
Take a hot bath. Or cold
6.
7.
8.
9.
shower.
10. Lie down on the floor, or just
put your feet up.
11. Put on your favorite record, or
radio program.
12. Read a booklet on parenting.
METHOD:
Preheat the oven to 350 F. In a
small bowl, stir together soy
sauce, vinegar, sugar, corn starch,
mustard, and pepper; set pside.
Using a pastry brush and 1 table
spoon oil, brush both sides of each
tortilla with a small amount of oil.
Stack together and wrap in alumi
num foil. Bake for 10 to 15 minutes
or until heated through.
Meanwhile, in a 10-inch non
stick skillet, heat 2 teaspoons oil
over medium-high heat. Add onion;
stir-fry for 4 minutes. Add
peppers; stir-fry for 4 minutes or
until onion is soft and peppers are
crisp tender. Add garlic; stir fry for
1 minute. Remove vegetables
from skillet.
Add remaining 1 tablespoon oil
to skillet. Add chicken; stir-fry for
4 to 5 minutes or until chicken is
cooked through. Drain off liquid
from skillet. Add the chili powder;
cook, stirring constantly, for 30
seconds. Stir in the cooked vegeta
bles. Stir the reserved corn starch
mixture and stir into the skillet.
Stirring constantly, bring the mix
ture to boil and cook for 1 minute
or until slightly thickened and
heated through. (Yield: about 4
cups) Divide the mixture amona
.
ing, squeezing, and talking, the
parent made the baby feel cared
for. This encouraged the relation
ship between parent and child
which was and is so important to
positive parenting.
Other tribes used blanket or
shawl carrying instead of cradle
boards. The child was secured to
the parent's back, side or front by
way of a shawl. In this way, the
little one could be snuggled close as
the parent went visiting or on
about their work.
In almost every tribe parents
sang to their children. Not just
infants, but even older children
were comforted by the chants and
lullabies of the native tongue. This
natural and spontaneous activity
included extended family as ciders
and relatives passed on the songs
which they learned in their own
youth. Joy was brought to children
as their parents and family ex
pressed their hearts through songs
and gentle smiles.
Other ways in which children
were nurtured included: being
able to spend time with ciders and
help them, being allowed to sit in
on adult conversations, and being
permitted to sit in on the drum or
participate in fishing. Often in the
old ways, men were nurturers. It
was a natural, not a feminist, idea
as it is today, Male-female cooper
ation in parenting helped insure
that the children received the nur
turing they needed.
Today these ways are still being
used by some. Many have lost
these old ways but can still learn
from them. They teach us that
children need to be nurtured. They
need to learn about the world from
early on. A positive relationship
What's stonewashed, acid-washed
My teenagers have purchas
ed several pairs of stonewashed
and acid-washed jeans. Will the
life of the jeans be affected? Are
there procedures to follow to do
this at home?
Both stonewashed and acid
washed jeans have become
popular recently.
According to the American As
sociation of Textile Chemists and
Colorists, similar processes are
used for stonewashed and acid
washed jeans, but specific treat
ments differ from one manufac
turer to another. The results of the
processes look different and may
perform differently as well.
the 6 warmed tortillas and roll up
or fold into envelopes. If desired.
serve with choice of garnishes.
Serves 6.
PER SERVING:
Calories 194
Carbohydrate 17g
Protein 16g
Fat 7g
Sodium 314mg
Cholesterol 33mg
Buying a diamond?
The right way to buy a diamond.
Ask questions before you hand
over your money. Does the store
accept returns with no questions
asked? Can you take the gem for an
outside appraisal? Will the store
describe the diamond in writing on
your receipt, so you know what
you're buying? If you get a "no" to
any of these, shop elsewhere.
Select microwave safe plastic
Recent media reports have
raised concerns about using plastic
containers and plastic wrap in the
microwave oven. Although further
research is needed, it is wise to
Select appropriate plastics for mic
rowave use.
While some plastic containers
Kelli Palmer cuts applique for
Extension T-shirt Making class.
(Left) 4-H Gardening Club mem
bers examine soil as preliminary
step in starting a garden at the
Latchkey Center.
I
y
with their parents gives them (he
best possible start in this world.
The older child continues to need
nurturing and though the ways
change the idea is still the same.
Home should be the safe place, a
haven that nurtures and helps the
child trust and grow.
Africanized bees may
Africanized honeybees, or so
called "killer" bees, arc approach
ing the southern United States and
could arrive in Oregon as early as
1991, according to an Oregon State
University (OSU) bee expert.
The bee's appearance may
herald changes for Oregon bee
keepers and agriculturalists, ac
cording to Mike Burgctt. an ento
mologist with OSU's Extension
Service.
Africanized bees, known for
their easily provoked defensive
swarming behavior, are the same
species but different strain, or bio
type, of Oregon's common Euro
pean honeybee. Africanied bees
were introduced into Brazil from
Africa in 1957 by a researcher who
wanted to improve honeybee pro
Juction in the tropics.
The bees escaped their hives and
have been spreading by inbreeding
with their more docile cousins.
Africanized bees now range from
northern Mexico to Argentina.
"We anticipate that they will cross
the U.S. border into Texas this
spring or summer," said Burgett.
"Starting this year, there will be
thousands of colonies coming into
this country on their own."
Under ideal tropical conditions,
Monewashcd jeans are manufac
tured by tumbling the jeans in
heavy steel washers with volcanic
rock (lava), enzymes, softeners,
and sometimes bleach. The rock
actually wears away the surface of
the dyed yarns in the denim so the
fabric feels softer and has a softer
blue color as the bleached or un
dyed yarns show through. You
may notice that stonewashed arti
cles show signs of wear sooner than
non-stonewashed garments as the
process causes some strength loss.
Acid-washed jeans (or white
frosted) get their highlighted and
wrinkled-looking white-on-black
or blue appearance by washing the
jeans with volcanic rock that have
been soaked in hydrochloric acid.
This harsh and fast surface treat
ment attacks the dye on the surface
of the fibers leaving them with a
white of frosted appearance. This
process may reduce strength and
durability by as much as 25-50.
When garments are sewn before
the acid-rock finishing, the seams
may be weakened so they break
open easily.
It is impossible to duplicate
these commercial processes at
home as the washer would be
affected. Nor do we recommend
applying full-strength liquid chlo
rine bleach. This can cause cotton
fabrics to turn yellow, develop
holes, or weaken so much that they
split and fall apart.
However, there are products
available (such as Rit's Fast Fade)
that speed up the natural fading of
cotton jeans. As long as these pro
ducts are made for use specifically
in "in-home" washers and the
directions are carefully followed,
the washer should not be affected.
(such as margarine tubs and, cot
tage cheese cartons) are useful for
storage of foods in the freezer or
refrigerator, they may not be safe
to use at temperatures reached dur
ing microwave cooking says
Carolyn Raab, Extension Foods
and Nutrition Specialist.
Components of some plastics
such as additives which increase
flexibility) can migrate into the
food during heating. Levels are
highest when there is direct contact
between the plastic and the food,
especiallly when fat content is high.
There is no known danger from
ingestion of these chemicals in
trace amounts. To keep the risk
low, keep these pointers in mind:
Use commercially available
cookware designed for use in the
microwave. Although standards
are needed for "microwaveable"
plastic containers, they still are
probably a better choice than those
intended solely for refrigerated
food storage.
Read instructions for use on
packages of "microwaveable" plas
tic wrap. The components of plas
tic wraps differ. Some wraps with
stand higher temperatures without
melting. Wraps often caution
against direct contact with foods
being heated especially those
containing fat.
Use glass instead of plastic for
microwave cooking. Glass bowls
covered with fitted lids (or a plate)
are another choice for microwave
cookery.
Africanied honeybees can move
north about 300 miles per year,
said Burgett. Once they enter the
United they arc likely to spread like
"greased lightning", he added.
"In the United States, any bee
disease or genetic trait, including
Africanied genes, can enter one
state and be anywhere else in six
months because we buy queens and
transport hives from all over the
country."
Thousands of Oregon beehives,
for instance, arc transported to
California for almond grove polli
nation each spring.
Though they are the same spe
cies, Africanied honeybees arc as
different from European honey
bees as Attila the llun is from
Mother Theresa.
"If you were to take a colony of
Africanied bees and a colony of
European bees and dropped a one
pound weight on the top of each
hive, in the European colony, 10 to
20 bees would come out and inves
tigate," he said. "In the Africanized
hive, 200 to 2,000 bees would come
out."
Africanized honeybees also are
more prolific than European
honeybees, putting their energy
into swarming and reproducing,
not into storing honey like their
European cousins, Burgett said.
"They can reproduce themselves
up to 12 times per year, whereas
European bees reproduce them
selves once, maybe twice per year."
Though the motion picture in
dustry may have portrayed Afri
canized honeybees as being more
poisonous than European honey
bees, the venom is of equal
strength, he explained. Each bee
dies after it stings, but many more
of he Africanized variety are apt to
sting at one time.
Burgett witnessed the fiery tem
perament of Africanized honey
bees first hand. This winter, he tra
veledto Belize, a Central American
country, to evaluate the status of
the bee industry in the wake of
Africanized bee infestation.
The picture was not rosy, he
said.
"What's happened in South and
Central America is that these bees
Water is wonderful
Here's what 8 glasses a day can do
for you. . .
Regulate proper body tempera
ture through perspiration.
Maintain proper volume and
pressure of blood.
Aid digestion and carry nut
rients to the cells.
Flush out bodily waste and
impurities.
Relieve constipation.
Reduce fluid retention. (If that
sounds contradictory to you, here's
what happens: The body perceives
inadequate water supply as a treat,
so it starts retaining every drop;
once the body get's enough water,
it will release stored levels.)
Prevent kidney stones.
Aid kidneys and liver in
metabolizing stored body fat (im
ortant weight loss factor).
Maintain proper muscle tone
by improving contraction and pre
venting dehydration.
Moisturize your skin from the
inside, preventing dryness.
Mobilize alcohol to prevent de
hydration (8 ounces of water per
Children need money experience
Giving your child opportunities
to learn about money management
won't necessarily guarantee the
youngster a future as an accoun
tant, but valuable lessons learned
early will build competence in
money management later.
Through observation and expe
rience children begin learning
about money at an early age. What
they learn now will influence how
they use money as an adult. Even
children not yet old enough to go
to school are old enough to learn.
Most preschoolers don't under
stand the difference between pen
nies, nickels, dimes, quarters, or
dollars. Until age four they tend to
call all coins "pennies." Preschool
ers may think five pennies are
worth more than a dime because a
penny is larger in size than a dime.
Don't think children aren't
learning because they don't know
the value of coins. By age three,
children pick up attitudes about
money while shopping with their
parents.
Even before age three children
learn from television advertise
ments. Television tells them what
cereals and toys they "need" and
which jeans they should wear. At
Information Provided By:
OSU Warm Springs Extension
1134 Palute Street
PO Box 430
Warm Springs, OR 97761
(503) 553-32383239
soon arrive
come through and mkost people
say, 'To hell with it. I'm not going
to work with an animal that cats
me alive every time I come out
here.'and thev quit. "he said, In the
first two years of the bees' presence
in Belize, about 50 percent of the
beekeepers have quit.
"When we were out looking at
hives in Belize, we each had about
2.000 to 5.000 bees trying to sting
us at a time," said Burgctt. "If I
were a beekeeper and that same
kind of bee came here, I'd quit."
The big unknown, said Burgett.
is how the Africanied honeybee
will fare in northern areas like
Oregon. Some bee experts say the
cold winters in the United States
will severely limit Africanied bees.
Others predict the bee will be able
to survive wherever grapes can
survive.
"My protessional opinion is that
a pure Africanied bee won't make
it here. Our climate is just too dif
ferent for a tropical species," said
Burgctt. However, some of the
Africanized genes will most likely
become incorporated into
Oregon's honeybee population, he
speculated, which probably will
change bee behavior.
Beehives will have to be treated
with care, he said. Africanized
beehives are more easily excitable.
They have to be kept further apart
and transported more gently.
"If you work the colonies too
much, they will leave," he said.
"We are lucky here in the northern
states because they are going to hit
Texas first. We will learn a lot from
Texas."
In Oregon, bees, wax and honey
farmgate sales total about $3 mil
lion per year, according to Burgctt.
Pollination generates another $300
million in farmgate crop sales.
Oregon has 60,000 registered hives
and about three times as many wild
hives.
The OSU Extension Service is
working to produce educational
material to help beekeepers and
agricultural commodity groups
prepare for Africanized bees.
ounce ot pure alcohol is needed).'
Signs that your body wants more
water: thirst. . . excess perspiration
. . . constipation. . . dark yellow
urine. . . edema (fluid retention). . .
fatigue.
4-H Week set
4-H Summer Week "The New
Decade" will be June 18-22,
1 990 at the Oregon State Univer
sity Campus, Corvallis, Oregon.
Your $125.00 registration fee
includes:
Meals & lodging
Great classes
Pizza party
Western BBQ & square dance
Talent show
Evening dance
Official T-shirt
Check with your Extension office
for the county registration dead
line & cancellation policies.
this age children are ready to learn
where money comes from, that
money is limited, and that they
can't have everything. Parents take
advantage of the following routine
family experiences to teach child
ren the use and abuse of money.
Work experiences introduce
three- or four-year-old children to
the idea that money is earned by
work. Tell your children where you
work and what you do there.
Some egg sense
Buy the next larg
er size if the differ
When the price ence between the
of a dozen eggs two prices is less
It: than:
65C-72C 9C
73$-80C 10C
81C-88C 110
89C-96C 12C
97-$1.04 13C
$1.05-$1.12 14C
$1.13-$1.20 15$
One last note: shell color tells you
nothing about the nutritive val
or quality of the egg. It onh inu.
cates the breea of the laying hen.