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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (May 5, 1989)
Spilyay Tymoo Warm Springs, Oregon May 5, 1989 PACK 7 Alar only harmful in heavy doses On February 26, the CBS newi program "60 Minutes" featured a program alleging that Alar, a plant growth regulator used on applet, causes cancer. A report issued by the Natural Resources Defense Council (N R DC) asserts that child ren, in particular, face a "massive public health problem" from pesti cide residues in food. Alar has been under fire for about three years due to an EPA publicity release that stated Alar on apples caused over 800 cases of cancer per year. However, when the data used in that test was reviewed it was found that the con trol group of mice in the study was actually a control from a study done on other chemicals a few years earlier. The entire study was found to be invalid and was thrown out. Unfortunately, Alar and the entire apple industry has been under attack ever since. It was this data that the NRDC used to justify their reports. A second study was submitted and accepted by the EPA that shows that Alar did not cause any significant tumors in any of the tests. Unfortunately, Alar breaks down to a product known as UDMH. At high concentrations (80 parts per million) this is a very toxic chemical. However, prelimi nary results at 50 parts per million have failed to show any cancer risk. Typical levels of UDMH found in processed apples are 10 to 30 parts per billion, far below the levels found to be harmful in the above cited study. Whether or not children are especially at risk due to higher rates of food consumption per body weight as the NRDC alleges has not yet been proven scientifically. A study is currently being con ducted which addresses this issue. However, the test is not due lor release until October. 1990. In the past, any additional risk to child ren has not been considered a prob lem due to the large margin of safety built into the chemical residue levels that the EPA allows. As to whether the "60 Minutes" report shows a public health risk due to Alar or is simply media hype will be left to your own judgment. However, Dr. John A. Moore, act ing Deputy Administrator, US EPA. says the following: "The prac tice of using data rejected by scicn- Information on this page provided by the by tho Warm Springs Office of the Oregon State University Extension Service Phone: 553-1161, ext. 238 or 239 tide peer review, coupled with food consumption data of unproven validity to calculate 'risk estimates', is misleading." This article was submitcd by Lynn E. Long, Wasco County Extension Agent. Horticulture. 1 he article was bused on information supplied by Dr. James M. Witt. OSU Extension Chemistry and -r- 1 I i 4-r Toxicology, and Dr. Carolyn Raab. TggfJS CQD SQl OWH UtTlltS OSU Extension Nutrition. Alsocitcd was an article by Dr. John A. Moore, "Preliminary Assessment of 'Intolerable Risk: Pesticides in Our Childrcns' Food' A report by the Natural Resources Defense Council." Setting limits means having some guidelines about our own behav ior. Usually a parent helps a teen set these limits, but not always. Sometimes you have to do it yourself. Children's values learned from parents Stains be gone!! What food stains contain fats and oils? Lots, including catsup, mayonnaise, chocolate, ice cream and foods with eggs, such as pud dings. AH these can cause difficult-to-remove stains that need two or three major steps to remove stains from washable fabrics. Fresh stains are easier to remove than ones that have dried and har dened. You may need only the first step to remove fresh stains. If the first step does not completely remove the stain, go on to the addi tional steps. The first step is to remove the fats or oils by sponging the stain with dry cleaning sovent. Dry clean ing solvent may be found with the clothing care supplies in grocery and drug stores. To sponge a stain, prepare a pad of absorbent white paper towels, then place the stain face down on the towels. Dampen a piece of white cotton toweling with the dry cleaning solvent and apply it to the back of the stain, working from the center outward. Change the pad of absorbent paper towels as they become stained. Be sure the area Landscaping offers beauty, warmth Poets celebrate the loveliness of trees but seldom mention their worth as an investment. A new publication from the OSU Exten sion Service fills the gap. Consider this: Trees reduce noise and air pollution. They add to the resale value of a house by making it more attrative. When planted in the right spot they cool a home in summer and warm it in winter. This, in turn, saves heating and cooling costs. The OSU Extension energy pro gram is making the publication available without charge to Ore gonians who would like to learn more about how they can cut fuel costs by planting trees and shrubs around their homes. Single copies are available from the Warm Springs Extension Office. Just ask for EC 1261 "Land scaping to Cut Fuel Costs." where you are working is well ven tilated so you don't breathe the fumes. Next, use an eyedropper to flush the stained area with dry cleaning solvent. Remember to keep chang ing the absorbent paper towels as they become stained. Repeat spong ing and flushing as long as any stain is transferring to the absor bent pad. The next major step is to remove the non-fat and -oil parts of the stains. Before continuing with stain removal, let the fabric dry com pletely so the dry cleaning solvent evaporates. After the fabric appears dry, dampen with cool water. Then apply a few drops of liquid hand dish washing detergent and a few drops of ammonia. Use mechanical action such as rubbing the back of the stain with the edge of a stainless steel spoon, tamping with a flat brush or flexing the fabric between your thumbs and forefingers. Blot the stain with absorbent material. Rinse with water. Be sure to remove all ammonia. Repeat application of dishwashing detergent and ammonia followed by rinsing as long as any stain is being removed. If there is still some stain pres ent, soak the item in a solution of one quart water and one tables poon enzyme product for 30 min-' utes. Rinse thoroughly with water. Parents are the primary models of values for their children. From the day the infant comes home from the hospital, that baby begins to absorb the values the parent verbally or nonverbally promotes as being important in their family. Even for preschool children, par ental behavior and attitude forms the most important base upon which the child's current and future values are learned. As the child grows, interaction with grandparents, child care pro viders and family friends also shapes the child's values. It is a good idea for parents to choose a child care provider carefully, taking time to learn how the provider values such issues as discipline and play. Once children enter school, teachers and new friends join the circle of people who model values for children. Over time parental influence over the values of their children is balanced by the friends their teenage children choose to spend time with. By adulthood, each child will have developed his or her own unique set of values built from those of their parents, friends and other important people as well as the individual events the child has experienced. With all the different people and environments children experience, it is no wonder that parents sometimes wonder where their child learned a particu lar behavior, belief or attitude! Families have a unique set of values. Each parent has learned their own set of values based on their cultural background, indi vidual characteristics and ex periences. Over time, each parent will find that his or her set of values changes with their experiences. Just as the parent is learning and adjust ing their values on an ongoing basis, so the family value system changes over time and with new events. A new sibling, a new home, a parent changing jobs all these events have an influence on the family value system. Practicing family values is as normal as breathing and just as easy. Building family values that are heatlhy and useful for children is an exciting task. In order to build such a value system, parents must spend time thinking and evaluating their own values. What are the most important values in your fam ily? Do you value family time spent playing games, making dinner together, planting a garden or do you value time reading together, shopping for food, or driving to the park to swing? Each parent shapes and controls the values within their family value system. What family values do you want your children to learn? Knowing what we value allows us to determine if those are the values we want our children tc learn. Also by knowing our value system we learn more about our selvesour past, our current goals and our future dreams. What a rich heritage to pass on to our children! Getting to know our value sys tem is a good experience. It does not take much time to learn about our value system. What are the ten or more beliefs, things or ideas you cannot live without? Which ten or more ideas or events do you wish were a part of your life now? What new goal would you like to pursue? Do your values work together or do you feel the conflict of two or more values such as family and work. If so, a sick child can cause a parent to debate whether to stay home or arrange for child care. Circumstances such as an impor tant meeting or project or even having no more sick days can cause us to decide that we must go to work. A better understanding of what we value allows us to determine if we are living up to those values or if changes must be made. The process of knowing our values and then evaluating how skilled we are at living our values is part of the modeling of healthy values for our family. We model our value system to our family on a daily basis. Learn by watching those around you. Ihink of peers who seem to have strong families. What time do thev have to be home ut night? What chores urc they respon sible for? What are (heir study and social habits?"You can learn about limits just by watching others who seem well-adjusted and respons ible." Make your own rules and enjoy them. Suppose you hac a test at the end ol the week. Study ing a little each night and getting the sleep you need makes you feel that you're trying the best you can. and that you arc in control. "After the test, give yourself a reward, like a new cassette, a movie, or some thing that makes you happy. Share your needs and your doubts. Talking about your prob lems takes away some of the hurt and confusion. You find out more about w hat limits are right for you and you feel less alone. Networking is a wonderful solution. That means finding oth ers to help you out. One friend might study with you for a test. Your sister might split the grocery shopping. Asking others for help and giving ol yourscll in return, can turn loneliness into a sense of well-being and comfort in the world. Others do care, if you let them. Lawn care important Spring and summer renew the annual battle against plant diseases that despoil the appearance of care fully maintained home lawns. Lawn turf diseases that cause problems in northwest lawns include leaf spot, fairy ring, rust and var ious blights. Fungicides are available for treatment of these problems but cultural practices generally will pre vent serious outbreaks of these dis- Helpful hints Make clothing safe Never store spotted table linens for a second use without launder ing. Many stains will come out in the wash especially when good laundering techniques are used. Some stains are more complex than others and require some kind of special treatment. Treat them as soon as possible because once a stain sets, it is more difficult and perhaps impossible to remove. Also, linens that have been washed and ironed should not be stored if still damp. Shaking a toaster to remove crumbs may damage the heating element. The correct way is to release the crumb tray for cleaning. Limit salt intake Excess sodium in the diet is believed to contribute to high blood pressure (hypertension) and stroke in some people. Limit the use of table salt (which is 40 percent sodium) and salty foods to cut down on sodium intake. The "safe and adequate" intake of sodium is between 1,100 and 3,300 milligrams per day. When you shop, reduce sodium intake by cutting down on: 1. Foods prepared in brine, such as pickles, olives and sauerkraut. 2. Salty or smoked meat, such as bologna, corned beef, frankfurters, ham, luncheon meats, salt pork, sausage, bacon. 3. Snack items such as potato chips, pretzels, salted popcorn, salted nuts and crackers. 4. Bouillon cubes; seasoned salts; soy, Worcestershire and barbeque sauces; catsup and prepared mus tard; canned and instant soups. 5. Cheeses, especially processed types. At home, reduce sodium by: 1. Planning meals that contain less sodium. Consider the total amount of sodium in a day's meals. If you eat a high-sodium food, choose low-sodium foods to go with it. 2. Remember that unprocessed food usually contain less sodium than processed foods. When you start from scratch, you're in charge of the amount of salt you add. Often salt may be omitted or reduced by half. 3. Start with moderate change, your taste buds adapt slowly but they do adapt! 4. Learn to use spices, herbs, lemon juice and vinegar for flavor. 5. Taste food before you salt it. Some people even hide the salt shaker! Wipe out the crumbs and any food accumulations with a sudsy sponge or cloth. Rinse with a damp sponge and wipe dry. Always be sure the toaster is disconnected before cleaning. Wipe the outside surfaces with a damp sponge or cloth. Pol ish with a dry cloth. When washing any garments or home fashions that employ the self-gripping fasteners, be sure to close the tapes before laundering. This prevents the polyester hooks and nylon loops from snagging other fabrics and from picking up lint during laundering. Clean shower stalls regularly so that the job is manageable. One cause of small particles of food or detergent being left on items after washing in a dishwasher is overcrowding. Water is not reaching all surfaces, so be sure that the water action is not being blocked because of improper load ing. Nutmeg, mace come from same tree The nutmeg tree produces two spices, nutmeg and mace. The spi ces come from the fruit which looks somewhat like an apricot. Nutmeg is the seed of the fruit and mace is an orange-red, lacy cover ing of the seed. Nutmeg has a stronger flavor but both have a warm, sweet spicy flavor which is similar. Both are used in cakes and cookies and both are good on chicken and vegetables, such as spinach, carrots and sweet pota toes. The nutmeg tree grows both in the Caribbean area and in the East Indies. During spring and summer the number of children bicyclists and joggers sharing streets and high ways with vehicles increases, and so do the chances that vehicle pedestrian accidents will occur. For maximum safety on streets at dusk and after dark, pedestrians and cyclists may want to consider wearing reflective clothing that motorists can see. Most drivers involved in accidents with pedes trians after dark fail to see victims in time to avoid a collision. Pedestrians walking along a road in dark clothing at night are often not seen until they are about 55 feet away. At that distance, a driver has less than a second of reaction time. In white clothing, however, pedes trians can be seen as lar away as 180 feet, and in reflective-trimmed clothing, as far away as 500 feet. The most visible garments in the dark are made of white or silver fabric and trimmed with, or made of, retro-reflective materials. The trim should move as the body does the arms and legs of joggers, the knees and ankles of cyclists. Reflective trims can be purchased at most sewing centers and easily added to jackets, jeans or running shoes. We all know about facing traffic when we walk along streets, or cross ing at intersections, but proper clo thing gives one more precaution and added assurance of being seen. eases. These practices include mow ing the grass regularly, clipping it to the proper height and fertilizing the lawn when needed. Cut most home lawns to a height of 1 .5 to 2.5 inches and mow often enough that grass clippings don't exceed one-half inch of length. If the grass is so tall that the clippings are longer than half an inch, remove them from the lawn. A minimum fertilizer program for lawns includes one application in June, one in September and pos sibly another in December. Apply ing a fertilizer such as an 18-6-12 combination at the rate of 6 to 10 pounds per 1 ,000 square feet should provide adequate lawn nutrition. Recipe for fish Fish Kabobs Preparation time: 15 minutes. Cooking time: 10 minutes. Yield: six kabobs. Nutrient value per kabob: 186 calories; 14.8 gm. pro tein; 4.9 gm. fat; 19.7 gm carbohy drates; 1 .4 gm. fiber; 50 mg. choles terol; 516 iu vitamin A; 55 mg. vitamin C. 1 pound frozen cod fillets or other thick fillets, thawed 10 minutes Va cup reduced calorie French dressing 1 medium green pepper, cut into 1 8 pieces A fresh pineapple, cut into 18 pieces 6 cherry tomatoes 6 large fresh mushrooms 12 wooden skewers Cut fish into 1 8 equal chunks. In a glass bowl, gently toss fish with French dressing, marinate five min utes. Holding two skewers parallel, threat three green pepper, three pineapple, three fish chunks, one tomato and one mushroom in an alternating pattern onto both skewers. (This facilitates turning.) Place kabobs on broiler rack; brush French dressing over fruit and vege tables. Broil six inches from heat for three to five minutes. Turn, broil another three to five minutes longer. The fish is done when it flakes easily with a fork. Leave bulb, leaves intact The colorful blooms of spring flowering bulbs such as daffodils, tulips, hyacinths and crocus may be missed next spring if the plants aren't treated properly. In most cases this means leaving the foliage on the flower plants rather than cutting it off. The leaves provide the bulb with food needed to keep the plant healthy. Cut off leaves only after they have ripened and are no longer actively manufacturing food for the plant. When the foliage is cut from tul ips, either separately or along with the flowers, the plant won't pro duce any blooms in the next grow ing season. Other spring bulbs will respond in the same way to having their leaves pruned, leaving you with foliage but no blooms. Tulips will benefit if their seed capsules are picked off then they finish flowering. This will cause the plant to devote its energy to storing food for next year's flowers rather than to ripening seed. Flower stems can be left standing. Water the plants until the leaves begin to yellow. Videotape exlairis school financing OSU, Warm Springs Extension and Tom Kalama present: 4-H Rabbit and Bunny Club Learn the proper care of baby bunnies! A project for fun and profit$$$ Those six years of age and older are encouraged to attend. Call 553-1161, ext. 238 to enroll Storing clothes means cleaning first storing your winter clothes means more than moving them out of the closet. They must be cleaned thoroughly. Even garments that look clean should be laundered or drycleaned. Garments may hold oily dirt that is not visible. If you store them without cleaning, heat and time will cause a yellow discoloration that will be impossible to remove. A one-hour videotape explain ing school financing is available from the Warm Springs office of the OSU Extension Service. The tape, made during a recent statewide video teleconference, features an explanation of Ballot Measure 1, which would modify public school funding. Oregonians will vote on the measure, referred by the 1989 legislature, on May 16. Because the topic is so timely, the Extension Service is making the tape available for loan to inter ested groups or individuals. Arrangements to borrow the tape may be made by calling the Exten sion office at 553-1 161, ext. 238. Appearing on the tape are Richard Munn, director of Oregon Department of Revenue; James Scherzinger, director. Oregon Legislative Revenue Office; and Bruce Weber, OSU Extensior economist. In addition to the tape, two new publications dealing with school finance are also available through Extension's public affairs educa tion program. "Oregon School Funding: Assessing the Options," EC 1329, outlines current funding, examines alternatives and looks at other tax sources for schools that could replace property taxes. The publi cation costs 75 cents. "Updating Oregon School Tax Bases," EC 1330, explores the impact of ballot measure 1. Single copies are available without charge. Limited quantities are available. Attention! Mislabeled oil is deadly A potentially deadly substance, eucalyptus oil, has been mistakenly labeled as syrup of ipecac by HUMCO Laboratory. As little as one teaspoon of eucalyptus oil could kill a child. If swallow ed, a poison center or physician must be called. Eucalyptus oil can also cause burns, nausea, vomiting, convulsions and coma. Syrup of ipecac is the recom mended agent to induce vomiting in some cases of poisoning. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission recommends that every household have a one-ounce bottle of syrup of ipecac. However, it should be administered only after calling a poison control center or a physician.
