Spilyay Tymoo
Warm Springs, Oregon
November 18, 1988 PAGF7
Winter months may be the "sick season" for you
November through March is the
sickness season in many households,
no family with children escapes ths
plague of winter. Children's colds,
flu or minor illnesses can cause
major concerns, but more in be
havior than in health.
With good medical care and calm
acceptance, parents and children
will survive temporary sickness.
But colds and flu create more prob
lems for children than just aches
and pains.
First, illness causes a break in a
child's well-established routine.
They miss school and physical
activity and are usually isolated
from other children. The limited
activity and discomfort of sick
children bring changes in attitudes
and behavior. Since they feel out of
control of themselves they demand
more attention and tend to fret and
cry easily. Loss of control also
makes them restless and difficult to
satisfy.
Another common reaction of
sick children is regresions, says
Marcclla Straatman, Oregon State
Univerisity Human Development
Specialist. The most self-sufficient
youngster may react to the sickness
by thumb sucking, bed wetting and
whimpering to be fed. Sadness or
depression is another reaction. A
child expresses depression through
irritability, boredom, or a constant
need for stimulation.
Although it is difficult not to
disapprove of the child's behavior,
it's important to supply personal
warmth, understanding and accep
tance, Strattman points out. Just
keep in mind that as the illness
gradually decreases, the child will
return to normal behavior.
Being sick is scary for children so
an important part of their care is
your own calmness. Taking temper
atures, giving medicine or toileting
has to be handled calmly to minim
ize a child's anxiety. Agree with
them that some things required of a
sick person are not pleasant, but it
will soon be over. Chatting about
what is going on with their body;
why they vomit; how they got sick
are all reassuring and helps them
realize they will soon be back to
normal. They also like to talk about
how other kids they know felt
about their sickness experience:
what they got to cat and drink, or
to play with.
think back to the care you had
as a sick child and some special
things will be remembered, Straat
man says. "I remember eggnog,"
says one mother. "How 1 loved it.
We only got it when we were sick."
Now her sick children enjoy eggnog
as a "sick time" specialty.
Like all of us, children enjoy
being indulged when they are sick.
Finding a quicty spot near family
activities relieves the feeling of iso
lation. While recuperating, a bed
on the couch in the living room
allows children to watch favorite
television shows, play games with a
sibling, and be part of everyday
family activity. Toys, play mater
icals and books keep children occu
pied. However, sick chldren do not
concentrate as long as usual so
avoid toys or activities requiring a
lot of concentration. Toys require
a lot of space or having small pieces
are troublesome in bed. A large
tray placed on the bed is useful for
coloring or writing. Children over
six will play with construction sets,
card games or simple handicrafts.
Parents are naturally anxious
when a child is ill and restricted to
bed, Straatman says. Life goes on
and parents need to be firm and
patient. It's difficult to see a child
ill. You may react by being over
protective. Children are quick to
sense they are in an advantageous
position, but that does not mean
discipline stops.
Taking care of a sick child can be
physically and emotionally exhaust
ing. Your outside activities tem
porarily cease and you may resent
a child's demands. To avoid frus
tration, make a concentrated effort
to have someone take a turn at car
ing for your patient while you have
time for yourself. You'll be a better
caretaker and the ill child will be
refreshed by a different person to
interact with from time to time.
Information on this page provided by the
by the Warm Springs Office
of the Oregon State University
Extension Service
Phone: 553-1161, ext. 238 or 239
TURKEY: Various types, preparation methods offered
Turkey and wild rice are Ameri
can classics for the holidays. Even
though you may plan a small gath
ering, you can enjoy the best of the
season's food traditions.
Easy celebrations begin with fresh,
boneless turkey cuts instead of a
whole bird. Each boneless turkey
store cut fresh turkey breast roast,
turkey breast tenderloin and tur
key breast slices is high quality
meat that cooks quickly. For your
festivities, match the verstile tur
key slices with orange marmalade
and fresh cranberries for Orange
Cranberry Preserves over Turkey
Slices.
This elegant meal is complete
with a side serving of seasoned wild
rice, fresh green beans and hot bis
cuits. The whole menu can be pre
pared in about an hour: the time it
takes to steam the rice, whisk
together the tangy sauce and brown
the turkey slices. It's holiday fare
without all the fuss.
Fresh Cranberry Sauce
2(12 oz.) packages fresh or dry
packed cranberries, rinsed and
sorted
5 cups sugar
Va cup water
'A cup lemon juice
2 teaspoons cinnamon
13 teaspoon ginger
1. In large kettle, combine all
ingredients except cranberries. Mix
well and bring to boil.
2. Add cranberries, return to a
boil
3. Reduce heat; boil gently un
covered 35-40 minutes. Stir fre
quently. 4. Spoon into sterilizd jars to
within '5-inch of top.
5. Tightly place lid and band on
each jar. Process in boiling water
bath for 10 minutes.
Beef buying seminar set for Dec: 10
Excell Corporation is the major
processor of beef in this country.
Several years ago, they implemented
a different system for buying live
cattle. With help from Texas Tech
University they developed a system
of grading live cattle for what they
would look like on the rail. Using
this, Excell would pay a premium
for certain types of cattle and dock
other types. Initially this met with a
resistance by some sectors of the
selling more beef in the northwest
than ever, and Iowa Beef Packer
(IBF) recently announed that they
will begin buying cattle on type.
Even if you don't sell directly to
Excell or IPB, you will likely be
affected by their buying tendancies.
On December 10, at the Jeffer
son County Fairgrounds, the OSU
Extension Service and the tri
County Cattlemen will be present
ing a workshop "Selecting Cattle
cattle- industry. Some thought it ' on Type" beginning at 8 a.m. Dr.
was only a passing interest but Bob Long, from TTU and Dr. Dell
Excell perservered. Excell is now Allen from Excell will present an
indepth discussion of their program.
There will be live cattle on hand
from which they will select. This
program may be our only chance
to get the specifics on the Excell
buying system.
The cost for the one-day seminar
is $ 1 5 is you pre-register by N o vem
ber 30, otherwise the registration
cost is $23.
If interested, register at the Range
and Ag office or the Warm Springs
Extension office prior to November
30 for free tuition. Registration fee
after November 30 will need to be
paid by the individual.
Orange Cranberry Preserve
over Turkey Slices
Wild Rice
4 slices bacon, cut into fA inch
pieces
2 carrots, thinly sliced
2 celery stalks, sliced
XA cup chopped onion
2 cups water
'A tsp. thyme leaves
yA tsp. salt
A tsp. pepper
I cup long grain wild rice
1 cup chopped fresh parsley
In two-quart saucepan, cook
bacon, carrots, celery and onions
over medium high heat, stirring
occasionally, until bacon is
browned. Add water, thyme, salt
and pepper. Continue cooking until
water comes to a boil. Add rice and
parsley. Cover; reduce heat to low.
Cook until water is absorbed and
rice is tender, about 35 to 40 minutes.
Preserves
2 tbsp. butter or margarine
10 oz. jar orange marmalade
VA cup fresh whole cranberries
1 3 cup firmly packed brown sugar
'A tsp. ground ginger
In two-quart saucepan, combine
all preserve ingredients. Cook over
medium heat, stirring occasionally,
until cranberries begin to pop and
sauce is thickened (5-6 minutes).
Turkey
2 tbsp. butter or margarine
I pkg. (About one pound) turkey
store fresh turkey slices
A tsp. salt
'A tsp. pepper
In 10" skillet, melt two table
spoons butter or margarine over
medium high heat. Add turkey sli
ces; sprinkle with salt and pepper.
Cook until turkey is no longer
pink, about two minutes on each
side. Serve turkey slices with wild
rice. Spoon sauce over turkey sli
ces. Yield: 4 servings.
Aromatic Stuffed Turkey Breast
'A cup finely chopped onion
A cup finely chopped carrots
2 cloves garlic, minced
I Tbsp. vegetable oil
1 pkg. (10-ounce) frozen chopped
spinach, thawed and drained
A pound minced ham
I large egg, lightly beaten
'A tsp. each crushed fennel seed and
thyme
4-H builds youth positively
Riparian areas need management
Over the last couple of years,
there has been considerable discus
sion over the value and proper
management and use of riparian
areas.
What are riparian areas? Ripar
ian areas are those areas adjacent
to streams where wet soils predom
inate. Riparian areas are easily
identified because vegetation in
these areas is quite abundant and
green nearly year-round. Generally,
plant species that are water-loving
(or water tolerant) are most abun
dant. These include willows, alders,
cottonwood, grasses, sedges, rushes
and a whole host of shrub species.
The roots of these plants, particu
larly of the large, woody vegeta
tion, help hold the riparian area
together.
In eastern Oregon, riparian areas
are divided into three distinct zones.
The most obvious zone is the aqua
tic zone. This includes the free
flowing stream. Located immed
iately upslope from the stream is
the riparian zone. Within the ripar
ian zone reside many plants that
protect the stream bank and pro
vide shade to maintain cool water
temperatures. Further upslope
from the streeam lies the upland
zone. Although the vegetation in
the upland zone is not as lush as in
the riparian zone, the upland areas
still influence the stream by provid
ing some shade and serving as a
source for woody deris input. This
debris (rotten logs) creates pools
(habitat) important for fish rearing
and is an energy source for other
aquatic organisms which the young
fish prey upon.
Why riparian areas are important
Riparian areas are extremely
important to the health of our
watersheds. Like arteries and veins
in the human body that deliver
oxygenated blood to our muscles
and transport bodily waste out,
riparian areas, too, take on like
wise similar functions within our
watershed. For example, riparian
areas help to regulate waterflows
by reducing the intensity of flood
waters and, at the same time, help
maintain constant waterflows dur
ing the dry summer months.
Vegetation within the riparian
areas screen out suspended sedi
ment during high flows, thus main
taining water quality. When this
suspended material falls out along
the stream, the stream bank con
tinues to build up and. in so doing,
helps provide a major storage area
for additional water. The "reser
voir" of water is then later released
Degraded Riparian Area
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to maintain stream flow even dur
ing the dry summer months.
Riparian areas are also home to
fish and many other water-dependent
species. Upland birds and big
game such as deer and elk use
riparian areas for travel corridors,
for feeding and for thermal cover
during the summer. During the
dryer months, the riparian areas
are heavily used by big game because
of the abundance of green vegeta
tion and cooler temperatures.
The riparian areas are important
to society as well. They are exten
sively used for cattle grazing. These
areas are an important source of
feed and water for livestock. Of
course, riparian areas deliver the
water to towns and cities below.
Riparian areas are also important
recreation areas, particular for fish
ing and camping.
Conflicts within the riparian areas
It's in our own self-interest to
manage riparian areas wisely. Deg
radation from improper logging,
over-grazing and excessive recrea
tional use can lead to a decline in
health of riparian zones. Severe
degradation reduces grass, shrub
and hardwood cover so that they
no longer screen out suspended
sediment or hold the soil with their
roots. With the lack of streamside
vegetation, water velocity increases,
adding to the stream's erosive force
during high flows. Steep cutbanks
and gullies within the stream chan-
CHANNEL WITH '
INTERMITTENT FLOW
nel result. Over time, the stream
channel widens and becomes very
shallow. In addition, with the lack
of water storage adjacent to the
stream, the stream may no longer
flow year-round. With little stream
side vegetation, water temperatures
can rise to the point where fish may
no longer be able to tolerate in
stream conditions. This degrada
tion process undoubtedly reduces
the carrying capacity of the entire
watershed.
Summary
Current riparian management
seems to be in the area of restoring
severely impacted streams.
Although this is needed in many
areas, we need to also recognize
that the stream and riparian zone is
but a small part of the watershed.
We need to focus our attention on
the upland areas as well, as the
management of these areas can
have great impact on the stream
and riparian zone below.
Careful monitoring of our man
agement practices in and around
riparian zones will ensure their
health. By periodically inspecting
or checking the "pulse" of our
streams and riparian areas, we can
make a determination as to the
overall health of the"patient" the
watershed. A proper diagnosis can
go a long way towards prescribing
treatments that will maintain a
productive system for the future.
4-H is an informal, practical,
learning-by-doing educational pro
gram. It helps youth establish real
life goals and become competent,
productive citizens. 4-H gives young
people an opportunity to take an
active part in learning about and
solving problems that face them
and their communities. Often the
knowledge and skills they develop
through 4-H work opens the door
to a lifetime of personal growth.
Today's 4-H program is for all
youth rural and urban from all
racial, cultural, economic and social
backgrounds. It reaches girls and
boys in a variety of ways: as mem
bers of organized 4-H clubs; as par
ticipants in special interest groups;
as enrollees in short-term projects.
It reaches them through television,
camping and other educational
methods; and in programs planned
to meet spcific needs of youth and
the communities where they live.
4-H involves young people every
wherein big cities and little towns,
in the country and in the suburbs,
on Indian reservations, and in the
Instead of graham
crackers, try
Orange Wheat Crackers
These tasty wheat crackers have
about half the calories and one
third the sodium of graham crack
ers, their off-the-shelf counterpart.
Serve Orange-Wheat Crackers with
low-calorie fruit spread.
1 cup all-purpose flour
1 cup whole wheat or rye flour
Va cup packed brown sugar
2 tsps. baking powder
1 tsp. finely shredded orange peel
18 tsp. salt
Vi cup margarine or butter
23 cup orange juice
In a medium mixing bowl, stir
together flours, sugar, baking
powder, orange peel and salt. Using
a pastry blender, cut in margarine
or butter till mixutre resembles
coarse crumbs. Stir in juice, one
tablespoon at a time until mixutre
is moistened. Form into a ball. On
a well-floured surface roll dough,
half at a time, to 116-inch thick
ness. Use a floured 2'5-inch fluted
round cookie cutter to cut crackers.
Prick each several times with fork.
Place on an ungreased baking sheet.
Bake in a 350F oven 12 to 15 min
utes or until golden. Makes 72
crackers.
Nutrition information per crack
er: 36 calories, 0 gram protein, 5
grams carbohydrates. 2 grams fat.
0 mg. cholesterol and 36 mg sodium.
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands and Guam. Activi
ties are typically conducted in the
homes of members or their leaders,
in school, or in other community
buildings. 4-H is found wherever
professional Extension personnel and
volunteer leaders are available to
conduct the program.
Youth organizations in more than
80 countries around the world have
adapted the 4-H idea. Opportuni
ties for individual, club, commun
ity, state, national and international
projects and activities are available
through 4-H.
Va tsp. each salt and pepper
I whole fresh turkey breast (5-7
pounds) ready for stuffing
To prepare stuffing, cook onion,
carrots and garlic in oil in skillet
over low heal about seven minutes
or until softened. Stir in spinach,
cook and stir three to five minutes
longer until moisture is evaporated.
Remove from heat. Add ham to
spinach mixture, stir in egg. Add
fennel, thyme, salt and pepper.
Blend well and set aside to cool.
Cover stuffing with plastic wrap
and refrigerate overnight.
When ready to cook, lay flat
tened turkey breast on cutting board
with inside meat facing up. Spread
an even layer of stuffing over meat.
Roll meat around stuffing and tie
in several places with string to
secure shape. Cover turkey roll
with reserved skin. Place in lightly
oiled ovenproof dish and drizzle
top with oil. Bake uncovered in
350F oven about I hour. 15 min
utes until inside meat juices run
clear. Discard protective skin. Cut
one-inch thick slices to serve. For
buffet service, arrange slices on
clatter. Cover with plastic wrap
until serving time. Make eight to 10
servings.
Select beef
feed carefully
As livestock are brought in from
the range it is important that the
nutritional requirements, which
include the needed energy to main
tain body heat and for growth, be
met.
Since the requirements are dif
ferent for each class of livestock it
is important to develop a ration for
each specific class. If livestock are
grazing on range utilizing dry grass,
or aftermath from wheat or other
crops, there should be some type of
supplementation. With the rise in
feed prices, for both grain and hay,
and the outlook for continued price
increases, it is important to supply
feed that is the least costly but pro
vides the nutritional requirements.
A good example is feeding grass
straw.
Try your word skills on this
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Hidden in this puzzle are the names of 18 toys and games that have
starred on TV shows in the past or will do so this year. The names go
(up. down, across and diagonally. How many can you find?
Flannel sheets make ideal gifts
If you and your family haven't
discovered flannel sheets yet, this
may be the year. Consider flannel
GuideLibrary available
Since 1983. the cow-calf man
agement Guide and cattlemen's Li
brary has been available through
our office. Approximately 20 have
been sold. This has ben a good ref
erence for the producer. The Guide
and Library is coordinated w ith seven
western states. Are you getting the
updates? This reference is designed
to provide continual updates as
new information is developed. Since
it was written, several sections have
been updated and others are
planned. If you are not getting the
updates, let me know. Ill see that
your name is added to the list. For
individuals interested in purchas
ing the Guide Libarary. the cost is
$35. per copy.
Cn The OSU Extension Stiff
K wUbes ewyone
J $ safe $nd enjoyable
Tfonksthini Holiday!
sheets for cozy, colorful family
Christmas gifts. They have a soft,
thick, fuzzy testure that feels warm
for winter use. Flannel blends con
taining more polyester than cotton
will wear longer. However, sheets
of 100 percent cotton will be less
likely than the polyesterctton
blends to pill. Look for these 100
percent cotton sheets through mail
order sources or stores and com
pare prices. But be prepared, no
matter what the blend, flannel will
probably cost more than regular
woven fabrics. Prolong the life of
flannel sheet by reversing (top to
bottom and inside out) sheets each
time vou put them on the bed.