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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 23, 1988)
Spilyay Tymoo Warm Springs, Oregon September 23, 1988 PAGE 5 Consider child care services carefully As a parent who uses child care services, you may not think of yourself as a consumer. But, indeed, that's exactly what you are. Considering that your child may be in child care as much as eight or more hours a day, your child care choice is your most important con sumer decision. When you buy a car or washing machine, you shop around, com pare quality and prices, ask the dealer questions, and talk to other people using the product. Once you've made your purchase, you continue to evaluate the product as your use it. Is it of the quality you expected? Is it meeting your needs? When selecting child care or eva luating the child care you're already using, follow the same steps. That is, act like a consumer. Gather all the information you can before hand. Do comparative shopping. And continue to evaluate the child care after you've enrolled your child. Changing child care is confusing and disruptive to a child. So try to avoid starting in one child care set ting, then finding it unsatisfactory and moving on to another one. Make a wise choice at the start. That's not to say you should never change child care. But there should be a good reason for doing so. Certainly if the quality of care doesn't measure up to what you expected, or if you notice stand ards slipping, you should definitely find new child care. Also, you muy have to change child care to meet your child's changing needs as he or she grows. The Caregiver The quality of any child care really comes buck to the person providing it. If he or she is a warm, caring, competent person who has appropriate train ing and enjoys children, chances are that everything else will fall into place safety, nutrition, dis cipline, activities and so on. Attitudes Note the caregiv er's general attitudes toward child ren. Every caregiver has an overall policy be it written or informal on handling discipline and setting limits with children. Is the caregiv er's approach one that views child ren as noisy creatures who need to be kept in line? Or are children seen as people with individual needs, feelings and personalities of their own? Activities The activities should attend to the whole child, including the child's social, emo tional, physical and intellectual development. Variety is important. There should be time for both indoor and outdoor activities, structured "- tivitics as well as free play, and vigorous physical exercise as well as quiet time and rest. Visit the facility during different parts of the day. Compare the atmosphere in the morning, when everyone is fresh, to say, late in the afternoon, when children may be fussy and the adult's patience may be wearing thin. Also, try to stop by at a transition time such as when chldren are going outside to play or sitting down for a meal to see how these are handled. Physical Environment The child care environment should be safe, clean and attractive. It may look a little chaotic and cluttered after all, this is a place for child renbut it shouldn't be dirty. Shiny new furniture and all the latest new toys aren't necessarily signs of quality care, cither. Used toys and books and secondhand bean bag chairs are just fine if there's an atmosphere of love, car ing and stimulation. Pay attention to your initial feel ings and intuitions. Do you sense that the caregiver genuinely cares about children? Is the caregiver open to talking about policies and answering your questions? Or does he or she seem impatient or defen sive? Do the children look and sound as though they're comfortable and happily occupied? Docs this look like an appealing, homey place? Imagine being your child and consider one final question: Docs this feel like the kind of place that you would enjoy spending your day? Quality child care for your child depends on both you and the care giver. Share information with the caregiver about your child's needs, interests, problems, personality anything that will help the care giver provide the best care for your child. If the caregiver has concerns about your child, listen without being defensive and be willig to talk it over. Remember, you and the care giver are not competing for your child's affeciton. No one can replace you. But the caregiver is an impor tant person in your child's life. Both you and the caregiver want the same thing: To do all you can to help your chid grow to be a happy, caring, whole human being. Information on this page provided by the by the Warm Springs Office of the Oregon State University Extension Service Phone: 553-1161, ext. 238 or 239 Recipes show varied uses for vegetables and salmon Coverall bases when remarrying Remarried couples face special financial situations. Old methods of handling money may be inap propriate. The divorce rate for second marriages is higher than for first marriages; 54 of women and 6 1 of men in their 30s will divorce a second time. Some of the problems remarried famlies face are: Limited discussion about fi nances prior to remarriage. Men feeling torn between fi nancial demands of two families. Women afraid of imposing financial burdens of their children on their new husband and men reluctant to assume financial re sponsibility for their new wife's children. Some men putting off revising wills, life insurance and property titles. Both men and women reluc tant to disclose all their assets. Women hesitating to reveal their financial status and wanting to rathole money because they fear another divorce. Preserving fish entails several steps Smoking has long been used as a mean of temporarily preserving fish. The steps in the smoking process are necessary not only for safe preservation, but also to produce good flavor and aroma. Carp, suck ers, buffalo catfish, salmon, trout and chubs may be successfully smoked. A safe, high quality pro duct can be produced using the fol lowing brining and Smoking procedures. Certain steps in' the brining and smoking process require careful attention. BRINING Use correct amount of salt in the brine. Use enough brine for a given amount offish. Temperature during brining must be no higher than 40 Use similar size and kinds of fish in the brine. Discuss phone bills College students frequently pur chase telephone service. Although convenient, telephone bills are a common source of disagreement among roommates unless there is a clear understanding about pay ments. Avoid disagreements by decid ing in advance how costs will be split among roommates. Who will pay the deposit, installation and equipment charges? If more than one name is listed in the telephone directory, there is additional cost. Decide how monthly costs will be divided, when they will be paid and by whom. Usually each room mate is responsible for their own long distance calls. It helps if each person keeps a record showing the date and number called. Remember, regardless of the arrangements among roommates, the telephone company will look for payment from the person who contracts them. You could end up paying for your roommates' calls. Communication and under standing among roommates early might prevent misunderstandings. Take care of sewing machine Taking the time to care for your sewing machine will assure you that it will always be "ready to stitch." Probably the most important thing you can do is to keep it clean and oiled. When you finish sewing for the day, take a minute or two to clean the bobbin area. Lint col lects, which contributes to stitch ing problems. When cleaning your sewing machine, use a lint brush (comes with the machine), a pipe cleaner or an air canister. Never blow into a sewing machine since your breath is also humid. After cleaning the bobbin area, then add a drop of oil. Most manufacturers recommend cleaning and oiling after every ten hours of sewing some say after three or four hours. After oiling then stitch a few rows of fabric scrap to run the oil through the sewing machine system. A few minutes of "care" will result in a machine always "ready to stitch!" 'SMOKING There should be uniform heat treatment of all fish in the smoking chamber. The fish flesh should be main tained at 180F for total smoking period. STEPS FOR SAFE ,SMQKIN.G: . runt salt fo one pallon of It v o water for 12 hours in refrigerator, OR 4 cups salt to one gallon cold water for 15 minutes. Remove fish from brine and rinse. Place short stem of a meat ther mometer in thickest portion of flesh or largest fish. Put fish in smoker when temperature is 1 00 F. You will need a second thermome ter to measure this. During smoking, air temperature should rise to 225 F. Fish flesh should reach I80F and be kept there 30 minutes. Smoked fish must be stored in refrigerator within one month. Use only hard woods for making smoke. Maple, oak,- alder, hickory, birch and fruit woods are all good for smoking. Do not use fir, spruce, pine or cedar. STORING Store smoked fish in a porous material such as cloth or paper towels. This will retard mold growth on fish. The cloth or paper towels will absorb any moisture that may result from "sweating", a process where moisture moves from the fish to the inside of the bag, causing a wet spot where mold can grow. This is especially severe if warm, plastic-wrapped fish is placed in the refrigerator up to two weeks. For extended storage, tightly wrap and freeze smoked fish. Financial uncertainty for the custodial parent who must rely on their former spouse for child sup port payments. Now spouses in noncustodial families fear their salary may be used to justify an increase in child support payments. Unclear financial responsibili ties regarding medical, education and other needs beyond child sup port payments. Some suggestions for remarried couples are: Communicate about mutual values and goals. Understand past decision making and spending styles and agree on current styles. Decide how to handle current financial responsibilities including existing debts, spousal support pay ments, child support payments, support of elderly parents. Agree to pool or seperate fi nances. Develop and use a family spending plan. Settle legal questions like cus tody of children, guardianship, property ownership, wills and estate planning. Chinese Chicken Potato Salad 4 medium potatoes (about I V pounds) 1 !4 cups cooked chicken meat, cut into strips 1 6-oz. package frozen peas, cooked 2 cups fresh bean sprouts (or I 16 oz. can of bean sprouts, drained) 1 cup thinly sliced celery 4 mushrooms, sliced V cup salad oil 3 Tablespoons white wine vinegar I Tablespoon soy sauce xh teaspoon salt I teaspoon ginger I Tablespoon chopped coriander (optional) 1 pimento, cut into strips Salad greens Cook potatoes until tender. Peel and cut into long, thin sticks. Arrange potatoes, chicken and other vegetables in a lettuce-lined salad bowl or wok. Make dressing by blending oil, vinegar, soy sauce, salt, ginger and coriander. Drizzle over salad. Chill. Garnish with coriander and strips of pimento. Makes 6 servings, 250 calories per serving. Broccoli Salad 1 bunch broccoli, cut in small pieces 1 small onion, chopped Vi cup raisins '$ cut sunflower seeds 2 Tablespoons imitation bacon bits Salmon Souffle Va cup yogurt 'A cup reduced-calorie mayonnaise 2 Tablespoon white wine vinegar or gourmet rice wine vinegar Toss all ingredients together and chill several hours or overnight. Serves 8 to 10. Potato Soup 3 medium potatoes (about one pound) 2 I0 oz. cans chicken broth 2 green onions, sliced I large cucumber, unpcclcd and diced I teaspoon garlic salt I cup plain yogurt Dash of pepper Peel and dice potatoes. Place in a saucepan with chicken broth and onions. Bring to a boil; then simmer, covered, until potatoes aree tender (about 10 minutes). Add cucumber, cook three minutes more. Pour half the soup into a blender con tainer. On a low speed, whirl until smooth. Pour into large bowl. Whirl remaining soup with seasoning and yogurt. Add to first half, stirring to blend. Chill and serve in mugs or tall glasses garnished with a green onion or cucumber stick. (Makes seven, one-cup servings; 90 calories per servings.) Variations: Omit the diced cu cumber and substitute one of the following: Two cups sliced aspara gus; I1: cups chopped broccoli; two cups spinich leaves or two cups grated zucchini. 3 Tablespoon melted butter 3 Tablespoons flour 1 xh cups milk 3 well-beaten egg yolks Vi teaspoon salt 1 one-pound can salmon (flaked) 3 stiffly beaten egg whites !4 teaspoon nutmeg Dash of pepper Preheat oven to 325 F. Make white sauce of butter, flour and milk. Slowly add small amount of sauce to egg yolks, add remain ing sauce. Add salt, nutmeg, pepper and salmon. Fold in whites. Bake in buttered casserole or individual baking dishes in slow oven for 45 minutes. Garnish with lemon. Makes four to six servings. Support Mom's decision to return to school Is there a mom in the back-to-school group at your house this year? More women, many of them mothers of preschool andd school age children, are returning to school. This calls for adjustments by all family members so Mom doesn't have to carry the burden of all the work at home as well as the added tasks of home work. Family members should support her in her new venture. They should realize that the decision to return to school took courage. Shell be working hard as a wife, mother and student. Women return to school for many reasons. Many return to prepare for paying jobs. Others return seek ing personal fulfillment and per sonal identity. Moms spend a lot of time doing for others, keeping the home life stable, giving themselves unselfishly so that the other mem bers of the family can undertake their endeavors. If there is a back-to-school mom in your house this year, be as sup portive as possible. When tasks are divided up, offer your help willingly. When she has a rough day, try to be patient. When you ask for a last minute favor and she refuses be cause of studying for a big exam, try to be reasonable. When the clothes aren't clean, instead of ask ing her when she will wash, pitch in and do it yourself! When dinner is late, offer to fix hot dogs and soup. There are numerous ways to be a supportive family when Mom goes back to school. Sometimes it won't be easy for you and you'll wish she had never undertaken the task. At these times try to remember all the times she has unselfishly helped you. Remember, she will be a better wife and mother for the experience because she will be a happier and more fulfilled person. Use common sense when wash day comes around When doing the family laundry, base the selection of wash water temperature on several factors including type of fabrics, degree of soiling and whether the load con tains colored or white clothes. For some very heavily soiled clo thing and for whites, a hot wash temperature may be necessary. For other types of clothing, such as synthetic fabrics and brightly col ored clothing, a warm or cold wash is best. The rinse temperature is not so difficult to select. Research has found that a cold rinse is generally acceptable for all types of garments. In addition, regularly using a cold rinse results in substantial energy savings on hot water use. In one research study, switching from a warm to a cold rinse resulted in a savings of over 10 percent of energy costs for the family laundry. Treatment and prevention of "cancer eye" detailed Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma, commonly called "can cer eye", is one of the more serious problems faced by ranchers today. Although the disease occurs in sev eral breeds and some cross-bred animals, Herefords are most com monly afflicted. The cause of the disease is unknown. Genetic pre disposition of the Hereford breed together with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light in the sunny climates of the West appear to be contributory factors, however. Various forms of thereapy have been developed to treat cancer eye including traditional surgery, cry osurgery (freezing the tumor), hyperthermia (heating the tumor), radiation and immunotherapy. The effectiveness of each of these treat ments depends on the location of the tumor and whether it has invaded the underlying structure. Normally, tumors in the eyelid spread more quickly than those on the eyeball itself. Tumors on the eyeball tend to grow out from the surface rather than go in. Traditional surgery does not al ways cure the disease. Normally, a 40 to 50 percent recurrence can be expected. Additionally, cancer may have spread to the draining lymph nodes of the lesion (under the ear and jaw) before surgery and will continue to grow. A visible lump below the base of the ear usually indicates an invasion of the lymph system. Animals with this condi tion will be condemned at slaugh ter. Thus, a one-eyed cow pres ented at slaughter is always suspect for cancer. Hyperthermia and cryosurgery can be more useful than traditional surgery if treatment occurs before the tumor has invaded underlying structures. These methods can usu ally save the eye. If extensive inva sion has occurred, traditional sur gery should be the treatment of choice. Radiation has not proven to be practical in the treeatment of cancer eye and immunotherapy is still in the experimental stage. Two considerations abut cancer eye treatment: No method is 100 percent sure, and all treatment should be considered temporary procedure. For example, treat a cow with a small calf at side to allow her to raise the calf and then sell both in the fall. Heifers should not be kept because the tendency to have cancer has relatively high her itability, and so they can pass it on to their offspring and future gener ations. Experience indicates that once a cow has cancer eye, she will probably get it again, although it usually will occur somewhere else or in the other eye. Many producers are dismayed to find animals afflicated with can cer eye which were clean a few months previously. This unpleasant experience can be avoided to a large degree by learning to recog nize early eye tumors, wjhich are not yet cancerous, and treating them before they turn malignant. In other words, producers can prac tice preventive medicine in the case of cancer eye. Most people have no trouble recognizing cancer eye, yet few recognize benign or precursor le sions 70 percent of which can become malignant which are highly treatable. Precursor lesions on the eyeball are know n as plaques or papillomas. They are easily rec ognized as w hite or pink grow ths at the edge of the colored part of the eye. On the eyeball itself, almost all tumors are on the line where white ; joins black. Few tumors originate on other parts of the eye. Lesions in the center of the pupil are usually the result of pinkeye or physical damage and are usually not precan cerous. The third eyelid is the most com mon site for malignent tumors on eyelids. On the lower eyelid, these small tumors are often crusted over with scab-like material which re sembles the dried eye matter which is always present. If the growth appears to be attached to the eye lash, it is probably merely dried eye matter. If the growth appears to be attached directly to the lid and removal of the scab reveals a small growth and perhaps a bit of bleed ing, then it is probably a precursor lesion and is highly treatable. Re member, these precursor lesions have not yet invaded the deeper structures. Since they are more surface-oriented, they are highly susceptible to treatment. t , Multiple tumor br precufsof lesions (three or more) have been show n to indicate that a particular cow i$ prone to have cancer. The tendency to develop cancer eye is a highly heritable trait. This was first reported in 1949 by Dr. John Knox of New Mexico and has been shown by various workers since that time. This heritability level is thought to be about .30. which is about the same as for weaning weight. Thus, selection against cancer eye can be a relatively effective tool. Do not save heifers from cows with cancer eye. particularly if the problem developed when the cow was young. Eliminate bulls with this trait. Brown pigment around the eyes has been shown to decrease the incidence of cancer in eyelids. The brown around the eyes is a some what heritable trait that can be selected for. Preventive medicine is important. Early recognition and treatment of benign eye tumors can drastically reduce the incidence of cancer eye in any herd. Close observation and treatment of precancerous lesion, used in conjunction with god cul ling practices, can lower the inci dence of cancer. I