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About Spilyay tymoo. (Warm Springs, Or.) 1976-current | View Entire Issue (July 1, 1988)
SpilyayTymoo Warm Springs, Oregon juiy !,i988 Page 5 How to preserve deliciously with less sugar Many food preservers are asking about low sugar recipes. It isn't always possible to decrease the amount of sugar in a favorite recipe. A specific amount of sugar is sometimes essential for the typi cal characteristics of some preserved foods. In frozen and canned fruits, sugar contributes to the flavor. If desired, the sugar can be decreased or left out altogether. This won't change the keeping quality. However, the fruit won't hold its shape as well. Tips given for cooked, frozen jams and jellies life an1 krne ma lm ornuith of mirrnnro.ir Oregon fruits and berries make excellent jams and jellies. The dif ference is that jam is made from crushed fruit while jelly is made from extracted juice. The right balance of fruit, pec tin, sugar and acid is essential for jelling. Because of this, it's impor tant to follow a tested recipe. If the fruit is high in natural pec tin, such as tart apples, plums or blackberries, jam and jelly can be made without added pectin. How ever, most people prefer to use a commercial pectin product. Follow the manufacturer's direc tions exactly. Any changes may result in a thin consistency. Although it's possible to remake jams, the results aren't always satis factory. To cut sugar, it is necessary to use a special low methoxyl pectin are now available in the canning section of supermarkets. When sugar is reduced, jams and jellies do not keep as well. Preser vatives are added to some low methoxyl pectin products to inhibit Take time to Now that your 1987 tax returns are filed, take time to review them. You will find that certain portions of the tax information are impor tant to your family financial plan ning. Determine your marginal income tax rate. The marginal tax rate is the rate of which the last dollars of income were taxed. Knowing your marginal tax rate enables you to estimate the conse quences of increased income or deductions; to determine the after tax yield of investments; and to compare the yields of taxable and non-taxable investments. Determine your federal margi nal tax rate using your federal tax able income and the federal tax rate schedule for your filing status. Determine your Oregon marginal tax rate using your Oregon taxable income and the Oregon tax rate chart for your filing status. A review of your tax return can help you decide if you should change the amount of tax withheld from your paychecks in 1 988. To decrease the amount being withheld, you increase withholding allowances. To increase the amount being with held, you decrease withholding allo wances. Using information from your 1987 tax return and your estimates of 1988 income and deductions, 9"lIteLfJrMw?rk0Ut8 I. Wear good walking shoes with slightly raised heel, adequate flexibility and ankle support, and lots of cushioning to absorb shock. 2. Set a goal of walking 30 min utes every other day. Beginners may want to start with 15-minute Dieting while Dining out presents special chal lenges, so here are special hints on how to stick to your plan in a restaurant: Read the menu carefully. Feel free to ask how items are prepared and then choose the appropriate dishes for your diet. Start your meal with a green salad. This will help to fill you up, and it is nutritious and low in calories. Select broiled, roasted, baked, poached or steamed foods served without butter or calorie-laden sauces. Avoid fried foods. For sand wiches, try plain sliced meats such Teens calcium needs and how to meet them Questions teen commonly ask: Q. Havent I outgrown my need for calcium? A. Not at all! Calcium needs are greater during preadolescence and puberty (II to 18 years) than in either childhood or adulthood. About 45 percent of the adult's bone mass is formed during this growth spurt. Q. How does calcium affect my bones? A. Throughout adolescence, mine rals such as calcium are needed for optimum bone growth and devel opment This may affect bone length, and ultimately may determine adult height. In pickles, sugar blances the fla vor of the vinegar. Although the sugar could be left out of the recipe, the pickles would probably be too sour. The amount of vinegar shouldn't be decreased if less sugar is used. A certain acidity is essen tial for safe pickling. In jams and jellies, sugar helps in gel formation and acts as a preser vative. If sugar is decreased in recipes that rely on pectin for thick ening, the product may have the consistency of syrup. Proper pre- growth of microorganisms. As an extra safeguard, low or no sugar jams and jellies should be processed for five minutes in a boiling water bath. Otherwise, they should be kept refrigerated. Uncooked jams have become popular in recent years because they keep more of the bright color and fresh flavor of raw fruit. Although uncooked jam recipes appear to have more sugar than cooked products, the final sugar concentration is the same in both. As water evaporates during cook ing, the jam becomes more concen trated. For best results with uncooked jams, follow the directions in pec tin packages. Be sure to measure ingredients carefully allow the jam to thicken at room temperature before freezing it. After thawing, uncooked jam should be stored in the refrigerator to prevent molding. For further information on mak ing jams and jellies, contact the Warm Springs Extension office. review your complete the W-4 form available from your emploiyer. Hanging with holding does not affect the total amount of taxes you will owe. It allows you to determine the amount the withholding needed to equal the amount of the tax you will owe. Read your 1987 tax returns and determine what income and expense records you will need when you file your 1988 returns. Set up a system Snake bite care tips given If you are bitten by a rattlesnake, pack the bite in ice being careful not to put the ice directly on the skin, apply pressure above bite but no tourniquet and get to medical help as soon as possible. The Poi son Control Center, 1-800-452-7165 in Portland says to immobilize the part affected and transport the vic tim to a medical facilty. Here are some recommendations made by Poison Control. A constricting band can be placed above the bite, (between the bite and the heart) if the person feels comfortable doing this. No tourniquet. There must be blood flow to the affected area and a pulse there. Cleanse wound with walks. The key is to do it regularly 3. Walk nonstop at a brisk and steady pace. It's not necessary, how ever, to walk at your maximum speed. Ideally, you should walk fast enough to elevate vour heart rate and maintain it within its dining out as chicken, turkey, roast beef and other lean meat. Request that high calories gra vies, sauces, butter and salad dress ing be served "on the side" so you can use them sparingly. Control portion sizes. Try to eat the same size portion that you usu ally eat at home. Select your beverage carefully. Try low-fat milk, fruit juice, plain coffee or tea, diet soft drinks or club soda with a twist of lemon or lime. If you wish to have a dessert, fresh fruit is the best choice. If a regular dessert is irresistible, share it with someone. Here's how to meet the calcium R.D.A. for teens: 1200 mg. 4 cups skim milk, 1208 mg. 3 cups skim milk and 1 cup low fat plain yogurt, 1321 mg. 4 cups lowfat milk (1 percent), 1200 mg. I cup lowfat milk (2 percent), I cup lowfat yogurt and 3 ounces cheddar cheese, 1254 mg. 3 cups lowfat milk (I percent), and I cup lowfat plain yogurt, 'A cup lowfat cottage cheese and 2 ounces swiss cheese, 1336 mg. 3 cups whole milk and I cup low fat plain yogurt, 1288 mg. AH of the above meet the recom mended four servings a day from the daily group. portions of fruit, pectin, acid and sugar are needed to make these products thicken. A special pectin is now available for making low sugar jams and jel lies. Different brands of this low methoxyl pectin are now available in the canning section of super markets. Although jams and jellies made from this pectin look tradi tional, their keeping quality is changed. Low sugar jams and jel lies should be kept refrigerated to slow down growth of microorga nisms, for room temperature stor age, jars should be processed for five minutes in boiling water bath. Some food preservers are substi tuting honey for sugar. This actu Counselor training Are you interested in being a counselor at the 4-H Challenge Camp August 2 through 5? Train ing will be offered July 22, 23 and 24 at the high Lakes Campground for students who have completed 9th. 10th. 1 1th and 12th grades. If selected you will counsel 7th and 8th graders at Challenge Camp. Transportation to the training will be provided and the bus will leave from the Old Administartion Building at 6 p.m. Friday, July 22. The bus will return the afternoon of July 24. You will need to bring a sleeping bag and piillow; a swim suit and towel; personal articles such as a toothbrush, comb, etc.; notebook, pencil; sturdy shoes and another pair in which to cross the creek; a small day-pack; two, one-quart containers in which to carry water on a day hike and, snacks. tax records for keeping track of 1 988 tax records. After reviewing the tax returns, store copies of your 1987 returns and all supporting receipts, can celled checks and other records. Keep records proving income or deductions for at least three years. Retain some records such as property records, as long as you own the property. For additional information on the importance of records, order I RS publication 552. water. Victim should be reassured and made to rest, i.e. if the leg is affected, have person lie down in transport with leg in natural posi tion, leg level with heart (no bent knee, etc.) Under no conditions should injury be placed directly on ice. Incision may be made if person feels able to do so, however, it has no value whatsoever if done more than a half hour after bite. Incision should not be crisscross, but should be no longer than five millimeters and no deeper than four millime ters. Suction can be applied with the mouth. This is to be done only as a last resort when you are hours away from a medical facility. training range. 4. Keep your arms moving. Swing your arms as you walk substan tially increases your energy output at any speed; you'll burn more calories and give your upper body a workout as well. 5. Gradually increase the dis tance, speed and number of days you walk. Try race walking or alternating running and walking. Walk up hills and over rough ter rain to further enhance your workout. Start dental No matter what the age, gooo dental health is nothing to kid about. Until your children are old enough to take on the responsibil- lty themselves, its up to you to make their dental future as health ful as it can be. The following are answers to questions often asked about young teeth: Why should I worry about baby teeth that are just going to fall out anyway? Baby teeth lost unnatu rally to cavities or injury can lead to big problems later. The space left behind often affects the way permanent teeth grow in, causing trouble with chewing, speech and or appearance. If a baby tooth is lost prema turely, talk to your dentist about the possibility of using a space maintainer to hold the space open for the permament tooth. How do I know if a loose tooth is primary or permanent? Permanent teeth start erupting about age six behind the last baby (primary) teeth. Permanent teeth do not come loose unless they've been injured, so ask your child about injuries. And keep tract of which teeth have come out and which have grown in. ally doesn't decrease the sugar content of preserved foods. Sugar is a major ingredient in honey. Honey may be substituted for sugar in canned or frozen fruits. Hccausc it is sweeter and stringer in flavor, it's advisable to use less honey than the amount of sugar specified. In jelly recipes without added pectin, honey can replace up to two cups of sugar. With added pectin, two cups of honey can replace up to two cups of sugar in most recipes. (In recipes that yield small batches of 5-6 glasses, substitute no more than one cup of sugar with honey.) Light, mid-flavored honey is the best kind to use. Orientation for the counselor training will be held Monday, July 18 at the 4-H Center beginning at 5:15 p.m. Your attendance is re i i i i Name , i i ! Address i i i Home Phone Cost:$40 Make check payable to OSU Extension Service. Preparation a must for a painless presentation "What? Me, get up there and do a presentation for our club? You gotta be kidding!" You've proba bly heard this before you may . even have said the same thing your self! Many people think they can't speak in front of a group, but it's a valuable skill to develop, and it's I not as painful as one might think. A presentation is one way for 3 4-H members to share what they've : ( learned, At the same time, they'll , develop self-confidence and acquire a skill that will help them through- , out life. All the knowledge in the world won't mean a thing unless : you can share it with others. Here are some tips on 4-H presentations- , think about doing one at the fair as an interesting beyond-the-project" . activity. 1. Choose a topic. Select some thing exciting and interesting to you. Usually, you'll do best to choose a subject from your own experiences. Will you use your presen-. tation to inform?. To create action? ' It's purposes may help you decide on the type of presentation. 2. Decide type of presentation. . Demonstration, illustrated talk, or : speech? A demonstration will show and tell your audience how to do , something. You will actually do ; Prune those Lilac shrubs that aren't bloom ing as heavily as they once did may need some pruning to renew their vigor. Through the spring or early summer when lilacs bloom, they are doing more than just creating beautiful flowers. They also are producing their new annual growth and next year's blossom buds. This growth pattern means there is no time of year that a lilac can be pruned without removing some ilo- care early How can I get my kids to floss? First of all, set a good example for your children by flossing daily your- self. Kids who get into the flossing habit are more likely to do it through- out. So start them early. Make an all-out effort. In addi tion to helping them master the flossing technique, hang remember-to-floss signs in their rooms and how-to-floss posters in the bathroom; monitor their progress and give token rewards. As incen tives; maintain their interest by giv ing lots of praise and attention. Should sealants be applied to baby teeth as well as permanent teeth? Generally, sealants-plastic coatings that protect teeth enamel are applied to the chewing surfaces of children's permanent back teeth to seal off bacteria. Applying sealants is a simple procedure and should be considered for baby teeth, too in children who have a high tooth decay rate. Is it possible for children to grow up cavity-free? Absolutely. Thanks to advanced technology and good home dental care, one in three children in this country today has grown up with out cavities. The (EXTEMSIOM) AGRICULTURE4-H Clay Penhollow HOME EC4-H Mollie Marsh FAMILY LIFE4-H Arlene Boileau Trainee Debbie Scott 2126 Warm Springs Street 553-1161, extension 238 to be offered quired if you are interested in the training. Complete the accompanying reg istration form and return to the 4-H Challenge Camp Counselor Training Grade : Completed Parents' Work Phone and will usually have a finished product to show them. An illustrated talk uses vehicle (slides, pictures, charts, models) to explain what's said. Visuals help hold attention. A speech is "just telling." It requires careful planning and effec tive delivery with gestures, voice variety, and proper English. 3nResearch your topic. Get all the. information you can from the library, 4-H project materials, and How to select A proper balance of heat and air movement is necessary to dry fruits and vegetables successfully. When a food dehydrator is used, the element maintains the heat to draw moisture out of the food and the fan circulates the air to carry the moisture away. Dehydrators can be made at home using plans developed by Oregon State University. Sometimes, money can be saved by making your own. However, if your time or skills are limited, you may prefer to buy a dehydrator. It's wise to do some comparative shopping first. We suggest consid- tired lilacs wer buds. To get around this, prune the shrub so that only non-flower wood is removed. Flower blooms are produced from large buds on the ends of vigorous new growth. Prune out the lateral and spindly growth that rarely produce blooms. Both types of growth are usually best removed in the winter, but can be cut out any time of year. Annual pruning, though not essen tial, will keep the lilac bush in good health. Renovation of old bushes is usu ally also best done in the winter, but can be safely done in the late spring after bloom. To renovate lilac shrub, remove some of the old wood in the shrub near ground level. Be careful to prune no more than a fifth of the shoots that have already bloomed. This severe pruning of some branches while leaving most intact gives the shrub a solid framework on which new growth can quickly become established, keeping the shrub young. Renovation pruning is needed only every few years. To promote a healthy crop of lilac blooms next year, clip the blossom heads off the plant after bloom this year. Refrigerator reminders given Wasted food is wasted money! Be sure to refrigerate perishables as soon as you return from the store. Also, check packages for storage instructions such as "Refrigerate after opening." This notation is often found on bottles and jars of products as mayonnaise or salad dressing. Proper refrigeration will insure the quality of such products. People fliML OFFICE MANAGEMENT Eraina Palmer Warm Springs Extension Utlice by July 1 1. Cost for the training is $40. Make check payable to OSU Extension Service. resource people. Be sure it's accu rate, up-to-date, and complete. 4. Plan and prepare. Think about the points you want to make, or the techniques you want to show. What's their logical order? Plan what youll say and do make an outline and memorize it, but don't memorize exactly what you will say. Decide what equipment or visuals youll need. Make sure your visuals are attractive and complete. a dehydrator enng the following teatures when looking at dehydrators: Compacity is the compacity ade quate for the amount of food you plan to dry? Construction is there double wall construction with insulation to reduce heat loss? Is the drier sturdy? Is the heating element en closed? Can it be moved easily? Will it fit your storage space? Temperature control is there a thermostat to adjust the tempera ture? Air circulation is there a fan or blower to distribute warm air evenly? Trays are the trays sturdy? Do they slide easily? Will they be easy to clean? For information about drying foods at home, contact the Warm Springs Extension office. Make the most of job opportunity Your research and preparation have finally paid off and you've been offered a job. You should first make it your business to learn the company rules, so you can know what is expected of you. Make every effort to main tain good attendance and arrive promptly at your office each day. Plan your workday so that jobs will be done most efficiently and quickly, finish tasks completely, and be sure to follow directions. Above all, never feel reluctant to ask ques tions. Employers prefer that employ ees ask when they are uncertain rather than proceed incorrectly. Questions also indicate that the employees are interested in doing a good job and learning about the company. You can be a model employee in every other respect, but if you dont exhibit confidence in your abilities and desire to cooperate with other employees, supervisors may not view you as potential leadership material. Use airtight containers or mois-ture-vaporproof wrap (aluminum foil, plastic bags, or plastic wrap) to protect foods which have been opened. Refrigerator temperatures should be maintained at 34 F to 40 F ( I C to 4 C). Cold air must circulate freely, so foods should not be crowded.