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warm Springs News
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VOL. 12 NO. 12
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Three students at Te- Wah-Nee School in Simnasho study lessons in their
Makah fishing camp to be reconstructed
A 3,000-year-old Makah Indian
fishing camp on the Olympic Penin
sula's Hoko River will be recon
structed this summer by a Washing
ton State University archaeology
team and members of the Makah
Indian Tribe.
Dales Croes, a WSU anthropol
ogy professor who has directed
excavations at the site for the past
ten years, says work will get under
way June 8 and will continue for
about three months.
One of the oldest and most pro
ductive sites of early Northwest
Coastal Indian culture, the Hoko
excavations began in 1977 and have
uncovered some 6,400 artifacts, includ
ing the oldest wood-carved art object
ever found in North America.
Discoveries date back 3,000 years,
said Croes, the formative period of
the Northest Coastal Indian cul
ture. It marks the point when natives
began storing food for the winter
Infant mortality rate drops
The infant mortality rate among
Native Americans fell to 1 0.2 infant
deaths per 1,000 live births in the
most recent reporting period, repre
senting a lower rate than that of the
U.S. population as a whole during
the same period. Assistant Secre
tary for Health Robert E. Win
dom, M.D., announced today.
The newly reported rate is for
the three-year period 1982-84. Three
year reporting periods are used
because of the relatively small num
ber of births and infant deaths
WEATHER
MAY HI LOW
20 67 37
21 72 41
22 77 44
23 76 45
24 71 52
25 67 62
26 64 37
27 68 56
2S 71 55
29 79 42
30 68 54
JUNE
1 75 39
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Teepee becomes classroom
which allowed them to come together
in larger social units and begin
developing cultural patterns.
The Hoko site, about a mile
upstream from where the river flows
into the Strait of Juan De Fuca,
was used by the Makah ancestors
as a temporary fishing camp, a
place where they could process and
dry fish taken from the ocean.
The village replica will be erected
in a meadow across the river from
the original excavation site, said
Croes. The team will construct
shelters of cedar bark and bul
rushes and racks for drying hali
but. Members will reproduce and
use wooden fishing hooks and stone
tools for fileting the fish.
The Makah tribe has agreed to
provide 70 pounds of halibut and
cod each week to re-enact the ancient
drying rites and two canoes which
will be used both for fishing and
transporting visitors to the site, he
occurring in a single year among
American Indians and Alaska
Natives.
"The Indian Health Service can
take pride in its success in lowering
infant mortality among Native
Americans," Dr. Windom said, "Al
though much remains to be done in
other medical areas to improve the
health of Indians and Alaska Natives,
this exmaple should give heart to
IHS and to those IHS serves."
The 1 982-84 rate for Native Ame
ricans is nine percent below the
1983 rate for the population as a
whole, 11.2 deaths per thousand
births.
Contractor unearths artifacts
A contractor using a backhoe to
dig a trench for an irrigation sys
tem in a forest nursery uncovered
approximately a dozen chipped ob
sidian stones. The archaeological
find is significant, according tribal
archaeologist Dan Mattson.
On Monday. June 2 contractors
discovered the stones and informed
the forestry department who, the
next day. contacted archaeologist
Mattson. Mattson traveled to the
site and discovered an additional
chipped stone.
All of the obsidian stones found
;pniiyay nynmcnxiD
WARM SPRINGS, OREGON 97761
teepee classroom.
explained. Some of the tribal elders
will live at the encampment and
contribute their knowledge about
Makah practices and customs.
"Our intent is to make this as
authentic as possible a kind of
time-machine for people interested
in visiting the area," Croes com
mented. He also sees the experi
ment as a rehearsal for a more
elaborate encampment reconstruc
tion designated as a state centen
nial archaeology project for 1 988-89.
"We're making the site more
accessible to the public this year in
order to try out a few ideas. Daily
tours will be conducted from II
a.m. to 2 p.m. and arrangements
for group tours can be made," said
Croes.
A very entertaining and educa
tional swing through the Olympic
Peninsula would begin with a stop
at the Hoko site, 15 miles east of
Neah Bay, the Makah Interpretive
The comparable 1983 rate for all
U.S. races other than white was
1 6.8 per 1 .000 births and for blacks
it was 19.2.
The death rate for Indian and
Alaska Native infants was 62.7 in
1954-56, when IHS became part of
the Public Health Service. The
decline in the infant mortality rate
during the 28-year period is 84
percent.
About one million Native Amer
icans in 32 states are eligible for
IHS services. Directed by Everett
R. Rhoades, M.D., IHS is part of
the Health Resources and Services
Administration, David N. Sund
wall. M.D.. administrator.
could have been part ol one man's
cache, says Mattson. Further inves
tigation will take place to deter
mine the reason for the stones
being found in that location. Dat
ing and source of the stones will
also be made.
The stones were chipped down
to a rough form but were not tools
in themselves, explains Mattson.
There also is the possibility that
this could be a burial site.
Pontrsrtor will continue devel
opment of an irrigation system fol-
lowing a plan suggested by Mat-
tson.
e News
i-mw-i i MW I ucssgMMMillgBaJ.
Museum at Neah Bay and a hike
out to the coast to the former
Ozette Archaeological Project at
Cape Alava, he said.
Tours can be arranged by writ
ing to Croes at the Hoko River
Archaeology Project, Star Route
2, Box 19G,Sekiu, Washington 98381.
Rattlesnake
A class will be given on "Rat
tlesnakes" Monday, June 8 at 7:00
p.m. at the Warm Springs Fire and
Safety department. The public is
invited to attend.
The class will be presented by
Vern Barley, manager of St. Cha
rles Medical Center Air Life of
Oregon Inc., of Bend, Barley for
merly worked for the Bend Fire
Department as and EMT 3 and
firefighter. He has also worked a
river guide and is an expert in out
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Local fishermen continue the i.mturies
10 has changed little during the yean,
So the day this photo was taken.
Tribe, rafters reach
river use compromise
A compromise has been reached
by the Warm Springs tribe and the
Northwest Rafters Association aimed
at protection of the Deschutes River.
Each had recently submitted what
seemed to be completely opposing
bills but after many meetings and
much discussion, were able to for
mulate one bill from the two. Tri
bal representative Rudy Clements
states, "The bills were so polarized,
but after we sat down and went
through them we arrived at a consen
sus." Northwest Rafters Association
president Mike Sallee feels just as
good about the compromise, "It's
one of the biggest accomplishments.
It's the first time we have been able
to sit down together. It was a lone.
hard process we've gone through
but the bottom line is we're all
working together."
Initially the Tribe sponsored
Senate Bill 945 after a study of
environmental and social impacts
on the river found the river to be
impacted environmentally and nu
merous areas to be overcrowded.
The introduced bill proposed the
establishment of the Deschutes River
Management Area and required
(he Oregon rams "and Recreation ";
Division to develop a management
plan for the area. The bill stipu
lated limited entry on parts of the
river bordering the reservation.
House Bill 3019. sponsored by
the Association, called for cooper
ation by user groups, local land
owners, city, county, state and fed
eral agencies. It designated the esta
blishment of a commission and a
management plan to preserve the
Deschutes River ecological system.
It also called for unlimited entry
and the development of facilities
"to meet resource needs."
The Association bill "was totally
unacceptable to us,"explains tribal
attorney Jim Noteboom. But now,
he continues, the bill "is in a form
class to be
door survival skills. According to
Jerry Huff, Fire and Safety Chief,
Barley is an expert in the field of
Buckaroo breakfast planned
Buckaroo Breakfasts will be held
Saturday, June 27 and Sunday,
June 28, the weekend of Pi-Ume-Sha,
at the Agency Longhouse
from 6 to 10:30 a.m. So don't make
any plans to slave over a hot stove
FISHING AT SHERARS
- old tradition of dip-netting at S heron Falls. The nigged beauty of the
making for sometimes dangerous conditions. Fisfung was particularly
V
U.S. Pottage
Bulk Rata Parmlt No. 2
Warm Springs, OR 97761
Correction Requested
m m . 00 0 . 000
JUNE 5, 1987
acceptable to the I nbe."
With Representative Wayne Faw
bush acting as mediator, the two
sides were able to come together to
begin negotiations and eventually
to rewrite a bill satisfactory to both
parties.
Revised bill 30I9-B states, "the
recreation area shall be adminis
tered to allow continuous compat
ible uses." A nine-member com
mittee, appointed by the governor,
will have two years to write a man
agement plan. State Parks and
Recreation Division will oversee
the plan.
The Deschutes River Scenic Water
way Recreation Area Management
Committee will be composed of a
representative from the Deschutes
River non-commercial interest,
sports fishermen interest, land
owners, permitted outfitters, area
land-based users such as campers
and hikers, the Tribes, elected city
or county official from Wasco, Jef
ferson and Sherman Counties and
a representative from the public at
large. The Committee will use
resource agencies to develop a manage
ment plan in cooperation with manage
ment agencies.
; I ne 'reviser Dirrdo-ev not pi e
clude use limitations and "sets up a
system for a comprehensive man
agement plan," says Noteboom.
Some things have been lost from
both original bills in the revision
but, as Sallee states, "when you
negotiate you always lose some
thing." But even then, says Sallee.
'with the cooperation we've had
among all the users it's a very good
bill."
The formulation of a revised bill
and the ability of all Deschutes
Rivers users to compromise has
"really been a break through for us"
emphasizes Noteboom. "We have
developed a mechanism to work
together for the betterment of the
River."
held June 8
rattlesnakes and their bites. "Bar
ley's presentation is well worth the
time."
fixing breakfast for your family
and guests. Just plan to gather eve
ryone up and head for the Long
house to enjoy a leisure meal. See
you there.