Pago 2 November 21, 1986 WAKM SI'HI.NKS. OHKKO.N 97761 Sl'lLYAY TYMOO j
Boileau Now it's prevention, not intervention Tribal Court relates
activities of past year
It was in 1973 that Arlcne Boileau
started her career with the tribal
Youth Services program. Now. after
more than a decade of working
with reservation youth and families,
Arlcne has switched shops. She is
now workingasan Extension Agent
Intern with the Warm Springs OSU
Extension office.
Most recently, Arlene was acting
clinical director in Youth Services.
And while in that position, Arlcne
was responsible for the monitoring
of all counseling cases, monthly
reports and the monitoring of all
shelter and foster homes. Arlcne
also carried a caseload of 35 clients
as well as regular counseling ses
sions and was education coordina
tor for the entire Youth Services
department.
The move, for Arlene, was not
easy. Butthedesiretocontinueher
education and to do more for the
reservation was strong. "I had to
do something different. I wanted to
do more. There are things that can
be done before children and fami
lies reach tribal court and counse
lors." Prevention, rather than inter
vention, is the name of the game
for Arlcne in her new job.
The training program, under
which Arlene is working, was deve
loped over the last year with the
intent that a tribal member eventu
ally gain a bachelor's degree and
become a local OSU Extension
Agent. Due to budget constraints,
the training program was delayed
until this fall.
A re-evaluation of program em
phasis was performed in 1 985 when
program assistant Jacob Frank,
1 -A-.i J
SpUrv lymmm pho4 if irhr4
Arlene Boileau, Extension Agent Intern, recently attended a "BABES"
workshop at which she was introduced to Buttons and Bows. These hand
puppets and others will enable A rlene and others to work with parents,
teachers and children.
Sr. transferred to the Range and
Agriculture office. It was deter
mined that the need was no longer
as great in agriculture as it was in
family living. To assist with that
need, Arlene is working alongside
Extension Agent Mollie Marsh
in the areas of family finance, nutri
tion, fitness, wellness, housing,
parenting and childcare. Arlene
not only will be able to further her
education, but she will be able to
draw on her past experiences and
knowledge to become a valuable
asset to Extension programs as
well.
The most rewarding aspect of
Arlene's previous job was "seeing
children smile again sometimes
that takes a long time," she said.
Arlcne added that people often
tend to make the same mistakes
over and over again. To get out of
that rut takes time. Youth Services
employees must continually "re
nurture, re-mother and re-develop"
clients.
Arlcne likened Youth Services
to planting seeds in an orchard. "It
takes time to see results.. .people
have to make peace with the past;
resolve the problems. This all takes
time to work through. "She advises
people to "stay positive.. .it can be
done."
Getting used to the idea that she
is no longer at Youth Services may
be difficult for Arlene as well as her
clicntsand former co-workers. "It's
going to depend on how consis
tently the move" is perceived, she
said. Much of her time, so far, has
been spent breaking the ties and
clarifying the scope of Youth Ser
vices to the new Clinical Director
Christian Yee. The immediate task
at hand is to inform thecommunity
that Arlcne has, in fact, moved to
Extension where community edu
cation will be emphasized.
Arlene has attended a Home Eco
nomics and Extension Planning
workshop in Hermiston and a Mas
ter Parenting workshop in Port
land. She will incorporate know
ledge gained at these and other
workshops into local programs such
as parent and teacher groups and
the Warm Springs Head Start and
Day Care programs. She will be
instrumental in forming workable
skills in Warm Springs families,
emphasizing positive prevention.
Recent act seeks to
improve air quality
Teacher presents volcano slides
Madras Jr. High teacher Kyle
Jones will be sharing with the pub
lic a slide presentation ot his Mount
St. Helens adventure. The presen
tation, will be in the Buff Elemen
tary gym November 20, 1986 at
7:00 p.m.
The following were dealt with
during the last year between Sep
tember 30. 1985-86.
1. The Rules of Court were
updated. The rules of Court are the
procedures to be followed in all
proceedings before the Warm
Springs Tribal Court. They were
adopted under the authority of the
Warm Springs Tribal Code, Chap
ter 200, Section 007 in 1983 and
had not been comprehensively
updated since then until now.
2. Enforcement of Civil Judge
ments. A procedure was added into
the rules of Court which spells out
what is to occur when the Court is
asked to assist in the enforcement
of civil judgements. The relevant
Code sections which apply are
200.515. 200.520, 200.522 (10, (3).
and 200.530 (I). Previously there
were no clear procedures and it was
difficult to enforce civil judgements.
3. No Bail Bond Procedures.
This was adopted back on April 30,
1985 when Contempt in the pres
ence of Court was interpreted to
include non-compliance with a Court
Order. The procedure is within the
Rules of Court and specifically
outlines procedures to be used.
This has greatly reduced the pre
vious problems the system had
without written procedures to follow.
4. Conservator Guardianship. On
April 10, 1986, Chapter 362 referred
to as Conservator and Guardians
was adopted by the Tribal Council.
The intent of this chapter is to have
a procedure within the Tribe to
appoint guardians and or conser
vators for minors and incompetent
adults pursuant to the Tribal Consti
tution. 5. Livestock Trespass Procedure,
the procedures were discussed in
September and just recently adopted
November 3, 1986. Section 17 of
the Rules of Court was developed
for Chapter 345 of the Tribal Code.
They are intended to clarify and
compliment the provisions of the
Code as they are more specific of
procedures to be used by the sys
tem in order to be effective in carry
ing out Chapter 345. Previously it
was unclear as to specific responsi
bilities as it was not reduced to
writing as a Rule of Court.
6. The "P" Account for Estate
funds of Minors. This special account
is to safeguard a minor's funds
inherited from an estate until age
eighteen so that they themselves
may benefit from their inheritance.
7. The Non-Indian Civil Traffic,
Chapter 310.110 and 310.210.
Although the Tribal Code provides
for the Warm Springs Tribal Court
to assume jurisdiction over non
Indians on traffic infractions, the
Tribe did not enforce this part of
the Code until August, 1985. The
intent of enforcement was for greater
safety for the Warm Springs com
munity. The Court system did not
actually feel the enforcement until
January, 1986 as we saw more traf
fic cases coming into Court from
January, 1986 on.
8. Enforcement of Traffic Code
pertaining to suspension of Driv
ing Privileges. The Tribal Court
began utilizing it's authority to
suspend driving privileges based
upon the Warm Springs Tribal
Code Chapter 2 10.260 and 3 1 0.565.
The Warm Springs Tribal Court
regularly suspends privileges to drive
on the Reservation if defendant
who is arrested for DUII refuses to
Continued on page 8
In an effort to improve air qual
ity in Oregon legislation has been
enacted requiring certification of
woodstoves to meet emission stan
dards. Approved in 1983 by Governor
Vic Atiyeh the law went into effect
July 1, 1986. Woodstoves offered
for sale must be tested by an inde
pendent testing laboratory accord
ing to certain criteria and procedures.
An amendment to House Bill
2235, relating to air pollution and
filed at the request of the Depart
ment of Environmental Quality,
was submitted for public benefit."
In the interest of the public health
and welfare it is declared to be the
public policy of the state to con
trol, reduce and prevent air pollu
tion caused by woodstove emis
sions. The Legislative Assembly
declares it to be the public policy of
the state to reduce woodstove emis
sions by encouraging the Depart
ment of Environmental Quality to
continue efforts to educate the pub
lic about the effects of woodstoves
emissions and the desirability of
achieving better woodstove emis
sion performance and heating effi
ciency." The law permits the establish
ment of a committee to aid and
advise the Department of Envir
onmental Quality in the adoption
of emission performance standards
and testing criteria.
Although stoves do not have to
be catalyst equipped the stove must
meet the standards of particulate
emission. A permanent label is
applied to those stoves that pass
the test.
Temperature inversions cause smog clouds
1 ' ' lis
i ''"")) I j I t ; ')
Mi"" ' JiiJ
t . r ' i - wiiJi
i. c' ! c'"'"s - i. m r 1
1 -i " i ji j
I ' ' ' , ' jsM
I Y x - V---W 1 """" " 1 - j ' rf M j
- . a - "'' ' '
I . nil- I r " V . ', V . . i w i
botfvav Jvmoo photo by Shewctvk
New woodstoves must meet standard emission requirements.
SpMyay Tymm
Spilyay Tvmoo Staff
MANAGING EDITOR Sid Miller
ASSISTANT EDITOR Donna Behrend
PHOTO SPECIALISTWRITER Marsha Shewczyk
REPORTERPHOTOGRAPHER Pat Leno-Baker
TYPESETTERCIRCULATION Priscilla Squiemphen
FOUNDED IN MARCH OF 1976
Spilyay Tymoo is published bi-weekly by the Confederated
Tribes of Warm Springs. Offices are located in the Old
Administration Building at 2126 Warm Springs Street. Any
written materials to Spilyay Tymoo should be addressed to:
Spilyay Tymoo, P.O. BOX 870, Warm Springs, Oregon 97761
Phone: 553-1644 or 553-1161, ext. 274, 285 or 321. The
darkroom can be reached at 553-1161, ext. 286
Subscription rate: Within the U.S. $6.00 per year
Outside U.S. $12.00 per year
It's going to be a glorious day.
The mountain can be clearly seen.
The sky is blue. The sun is shining.
It's a good day for a trip to the city.
As altitude drops it's obvious the
valley won't be quite as sunny and
bright. A cloud seems to hover
over the area.
A similar cloud can be seen in.
the canyon where the city of Warm
Springs sets. It appears on cold
days and just seems to, stay in the
air.
Over cities of various sizes a
weather situation called a thermal
inversion sometimes occurs during
the cooler months of the year. A
layer of warm air traps a layer of
cool air beneath it producing a
smog condition. Pollutants from
industry or merely from wood stoves
are unable to disperse into the
upper atmosphere.
Pollution has plagued many com
munities since the dawn of the
industrial revolution. Smoke con
trol laws were adopted in the cities
of Chicago and Cincinnati as early
as 1 88 1 . Yet history doesn't show
pollution controls being enforced
during these times.
In the 1930's and 40's smoke was
so thick in some cities on cold days
that it was as dark at noon as it was
at midnight. Out cries from the
people resulted in smoke pollution .
legislation with partial enforcement
and improvement in the cities'
atmospheres.
Controls were put on the type of
coal burned, use of special devices
of control emission particles in the
air and improving combustion prac
tices. Replacement of steam by die
sel locomotives and the introduc
tion of gas heat also reduced the
problem.
However, the problem with pol
lution in the air continues as new
industry is developed. The auto
mobile has introduced another source
of pollution beyond that created by
burning of fuels. The action of sun
light on certain gases causes smog.
Pollution is costly in numerous
ways. Nationally, pollution annu
ally costs $100 million for painting
steel structures, $800 million in
laundering soiled fabrics, $240 mil
lion in car washes, $500 million in
damage to agricultural crops, $40
50 million in delayed air travel. It's
difficult to assess all the costs.
And it is difficult to assess the
effect of pollution on human health,
costs can range from medical fees
and lost work time to reduction in
productivity. In polluted cities there
is found to be an increase in illnesses
and death rate especially among
the elderly. Respiratory and heart
conditions are increased.
In 1952 the "killer smog" in
Europe is believed to be responsi
ble for 4,000 deaths. In 1948 in
Donora, Pennsylvania, an indus
trial town, half of the 14,000 popu
lation became ill. Twenty people
died in a five day smog. Many of
those who survived suffered per
manent health impairment. Weather
conditions in this town prevented
the dispersal of pollutants.
It has been found that long expo
sure to low level pollution contrib
utes to higher incidences of chronic
respirator' ailments such as empha
sema, bronchitis, lung cancer and
heart disease mortality.
Childhood disorders have also
been associated with pollution inclu
ding asthma, allergies and acute
respiratory infectidns. The affect
of pollution on prenatal develop
ment has just begun to be studied.
In some cases weather itself is
affected by pollutants. Less sun
light is allowed to enter an area and
precipitation increases.
Five types of pollutants are often
found in the air of areas where
development is extensive and in
some areas where only a small
amount of industry is present. Car
bon monoxide is created from inter
nal combustion engines and air
craft. Particulate matter is found in
soot and smoke and also includes
lead particles from lead gasoline.
Sulfur oxides come from electric
generating plants and the burning
of coal. Gaseious hydrocarbons
result from unburned and waste
fuel. Nitrogen oxides are caused by
burning fuel at high temperatures
such as in the internal combustion
engine.
In 1955 Congress authorized
research into the pollution prob
lem. The National Air Sampling
Network was established and mea
sured particulate levels in most
large polluted cities. The Continu
ous Air Monitoring Program was.
initiated in 1962 to measure gaseous
pollution.
The Clean Air Act was passed in
1963. Through this act grants were
made available to local and state
agencies to assist in developing,
establishing and improving control
programs and to establish federal
activities to abate interstate air pol
lution problems.
At the inception of the act a task
force was directed to research motor
vehicle and sulfur dioxide pollu
tion and establish criteria to evalu
ate the effects of air pollution on
health and property. Amendments
were added later including one to
establish automobile standards.
State and local gover nments fol
lowed suit in providing programs
to deal with pollution. The major
problem has been and continues to
be the difficulty in finding funds to
enforce these programs.
',
' ' " " ' ' " " FA
"'' ' '
i . - ' - , ' ' 1
: ' ' :''", 'r .'! 1
r , . - ,... . . ,..' .
' , '. ' . - v- I ' 1
?"'? '. - ' , ,
vV: " "r: '"'..'.!' ; i
i' ; 1 -; . ' ' , . , 1
' , ' K l .' " 1
v t ' ' " I
S. - Jr ' ' 4 ' ,t . I
. - - , " i" ' i t . . W " .4
lPr.:J&K FT
. Xnllvmv Tvmoo ohoio bv ShfWCtvk
Smoke from local industry and residential woodstoves contribute to hazy
winter days.
: : . , , a
' -.''. . ; '
rrnMi .....
: v ... Pi ; -. ':-: .. jLi W-
. 'fi " -M': " 4 f ' "''' 'Tfa .
; . ,
x
i - -
Warm Springs, as seen during temperature inversion, has minor smog problems compared to cities when
industry is prevalent
1
I