f SPILYAYTYMOO WAKM SWIMS, OKKftON 97761 August 1. 1986 1'ape 5 j
Calcium needs detailed in chart, articles
According to recent government
studies, many young people do not
get enough calcium. In fact, females
over 1 1 years of age were reported
as one group at greatest risk of
calcium deficiency. Prolonged
calcium deficiency may lead to
osteoporosis (fragile, brittle bones)
in later years. This disease has
reached epidemic proportions in
the United States, especially among
women. Over IS million Americans
have some degree of it and as a
result, there are an estimated 1.3
million fractures each year. Once a
person develops osteoporosis, it is
not reversible.
Consuming the RDA for calcium
everyday dunngchildhood and the
teen years promotes strong bones
the the best deterrent for osteo
porosis. Moderate weight-bearing
eiercises such as walking, light
Jogging, bicycling, dancing and
skating and the avoidance of cigar
ette smoking are also helpful In
preventing this disease.
Be safe
At any moment, there are about
1,800 lightning storms occurring
on earth.
This is how ligthning occurs: In a
thunderstorm, air turbulence causes
a negative charge to build up in the
underside of thunderclouds, while
positive charges build up on the
earth below. Streamers of positive
charges constantly flow up from
theearth from tops of trees, the edges
of eaves on houses, from poles,
even from people as they walk
through a large open space. Event
ually, the thundercloud sends down
toward the earth a nearly invisible,
negatively charged jagged streamer.
As it approaches the ground, at
least one positively charged streamer
shoots up to meet it. When the two
streamers join, thus creating an
ionized air channel between cloud
and earth, a binding positive stroke
of lightning flashes upward, from
the earth to the cloud. In four
tenths of a second, several negative
strokes will rise up from the earth
to create a bolt of lightning of as
much as 30 million volts (compared
to household current of 1 10 to 220
volts). The heat that such a bolt
creates can run as high as 30,000 to
50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. This
causes an explosion of superheated
air in the ionized channel, and thus
a crack of thunder.
A direct hit by a lightning bolt is
usually fatal. A sideflash a bolt of
lightning splashing off a tree or
other object can be fatal. Con
ducted current a bolt of lightning
Don't hesitate to harvest your
garden while its growing
Don't hesitate to harvest trom
the home garden. A properly
harvested garden can be a high
yielding garden.
Regular picking encourages fruit
ing vegetable plants such as cucum
bers, squash, bushbeans, peppers,
broccoli and eggplants to even greater
production.
Even a few fruits left to mature
on a cucumber plant will stop new
fruit from setting.
Once a zucchini starts going to
seed, the plant is triggered into a
different growing stage and wont
develop any more squash.
List the following qualities to
look for when harvesting vegetables.
Bushbeans. Pick them when at
least three inches long. Pods should
be just starting to bulge.
Squash. Summer squash ready
for picking are medium-sized with
, rinds that are easily dented with a
fingernail. Winter squashes are ready
for harvesting when their rinds are
firm enough that they can't easily
Determine catties' hay needs
There is no better time than the
present to be thinking of the hay
needs of your cattle for the up
coming winter. Hay is available
right now, the werather is good and
you probably have the time to go
get it.
This brings us to an important
question, however. What is needed
for your situation? When feeding
cattle in the winter months each
animal will need about one-and-one-half
tons of hay. The past
winter was an exception due to the
early snowfall that remained
through February causing the needs
to outweigh the supply in Central
Oregon. There is really no way that
any of us can determine when these
situations may occur so one should
plan to have at least one-and-one-half
tons available per cow.
The next question to be answered
is what kind of hay should be
bought? This depends on what is
available and the nutritional needs
of the cattle. Mature brood cows
can get by during the fall and early
winter on rather poor to fair quality
roughage while first-calf heifers
need good quality forage to provide
for their own growing needs
as well as the calf they are carrying.
The Calcium Choice: Dairy Foods
Dairy foods are the best and
most abundant source of calcium
in our food supply. Many products
contain lactose and vitamin D which
enhance calcium usage by the body.
1600 mg
1200 mg
800 mg
540 mg
360 mg
INFANTS
UP TO
6M0S.
INFANTS
6M0S.
TO 1 YR
RECOMMENDED DIETARY
ALLOWANCE (R.D.A.) IN mg
during lightning
sending its electrical charge through
the telephone wire or the piumDing
can be fatal, or just stunning. Step
voltage the charge radiation sent
out into the ground around a struck
tree is often fatal to cattle or
horses, but usually only jolts a
person.
Not much will protect a house
" except a properly installed light
ning rod. If you are in a house, be
sure to stay away from the tele
phone, plumbing, the fireplace.
Debts are
Recent statistics indicate that,
on the average, household debt is
increasing and household savings are
decreasing. What is your family's
debt and savings pattern?
Are your spending patterns
helping avoid serious financial
problems? Find out by taking time
to determine the percentage of your
take-home pay used to pay con
sumer debts and the percentage left
for savings.
The first step in this analysis is to
determine your monthly take-home
pay. This is monthly income less
, state and federal income taxes and
social security taxes. If your income
varies from month to month, use
average monthly income.
Then, add up the amount of
money used each month to repay
consumer debt. Consumer debt does
not include mortgage payments; it
be dented with a fingernail.
Tomatoes. Size is not a good
indication of maturity. Look for
proper color. Tomatoes can be
picked at any degree of ripeness
but they taste best if ripened on the
vine.
Cucumbers. Pick before they turn
yellow. Large ones are good eaten
fresh.
Broccoli. Stalks ready for picking
should be firm but tender. Buds at
the top of the stalk should be
compact and not showing the color
that would indicate the plant is
flowering. Cut the large central
head just before it separates into
several heads. After that, cut the
side shoots that develop into small
heads.
Eggplants. Those that are shiny
are ready.
Peppers. They usually mature
late. The green varieties should
have a shiny color and be firm. Red
varieties should have a uniform red
color before harvesting.
As calving time nears, cows need to
be getting better feed than they
were during the early season. And
of course, they need even more
after calving to provide adequate
milk supply.
Generally one-third of the hay
should be of a good quality alfalfa
or alfalfa-grass mix with the other
two-thirds being grass straw or
grain hay. Several other combina
tions may be possible using such
things as mint slugs, weedy hay and
feeder quality alfalfa if the nutri
tional levels are balanced.
Ruminant animals such as cattle
are much easier to provide for in
terms of nutrition since they can
utilize several different forms and
kinds of feed. This isnt saying one
should not be concerned with pro
viding adequate feed but rather
that mature cattle can be fed some
poor quality feed if some other
good form is also available.
Providing 10 to 12 pounds of
alfalfa or other good hay and as
much grass straw or other poorer
hay will usually suffice for the
brood cow. Remember that growing
heifers will need to be separated if
possible and fed for their greater
needs.
The wide variety of products, avail
able in lowfat, skim and whole
milk, make it easy for children and
teens to meet their RDA for cal
cium the delicious and natural way.
Two excellent recipe booklets
are available free of charge through
CALCIUM NEEDS'
CHILDREN
1-10 YRS
TEENS
1MB YRS
ADULTS
19 YRS
PREGNANT
OR
LACTATING
WOMEN
UNDER
19 YRS
open doors and windows during a
thunderstorm.
Outside, stay away from lone
trees, unprotected shelters, open
fields, open boats, and wire fences.
Anything that sticks up from the
landscape can be the lightning rod
from which a positive streamer
rises to greet the negative streamer.
In a grove of trees, stay out from
under the taller trees. Get off your
bike, horse, golf cart, or tractor.
Don't swim. Look for a ravine or
up, savings
does include most of your other
debts such as credit cards, automo
bile loans and installment loans.
The amount of money needed to
repay consumer debts divided by
the take-home pay and then multi
plied by 100 equals the percent of
take-home pay used for consumer
debt repayment.
A rule of thumb is that monthly
consumer credit payments should
not exceed 20 percent of your
monthly take-home pay. Using 10
or 15 percent of your income for
consumer debt is usually okay.
However, if your income is very
low or your mortgage debt is very
high, 10 to 15 percent may be too
much for you.
If your credit payments are 15 to
20 percent of your take-home pay,
you may not have serious financial
trouble, but you should not acquire
Gypsy moth publication available now
"The Gypsy Moth in Oregon" is
the subject of a publication recently
released by theOregon State Uni
versity Extension Service.
Gypsy moths have been attempt
ing to make a permanent home for
themselves in Oregon since 1979.
This poses a very real threat to the
state because the gypsy moth is an
extremely destructive pest of all
kinds of ornamental and com
mercially valuable trees.
The publication gives an overview
of the threat and how it could be
dealt with. The publication is not
intended as a gypsy moth identifica
Be sure to
Jefferson County Fair
August
9 a.m. to 9
El A tests to be
The Warm Springs Extension
Office has been requested to set up
an EI A testing clinic. The tentative
schedule is planned to include a
short update and description session
followed by a time for collecting
blood samples from horses.
Anyone wishing to have their
stock horses tested should contact
the Extension Office at 553-1161,
extension 238. Please provide the
number of horses that you will
want tested. If there are enough,
Position available
The Warm Springs Extension Office has an Extension
Intern position available through Oregon State
University. This is a training program for a triDai
member to eventually become an Extension Agent.
The position is in the program areas of Home
Economics (Family Living)
The position announcement and applications are
Available at the Warm Springs Extension Office in the
Old Administration Building. Or call 553-1161,
extension 238 for further information.
the Extension Service. "High Cal
cium Recipes for Growing Teens"
and "High Calcium Recipes for
Childrcn."Call 553-1 161, extension
238 to receive a copy.
PREGNANT
OR
LACTATING
WOMEN
19 YRS
POST
WOMEN
ELDERLY
60 YRS
storms!
i
nthcr Inw-lvinc sdoL a small tree.
or the underside of a cliff. If you
are caught in the open, kneel down,
bend low and touch the ground
onlv with vour knees and feet.
If someone near you is struck,
sssarSsts
appears to be dead. Although you
may think a person has no chance
of surviving a bolt of lightning,
people do survive an indirect hit
sometimes even a direct hit.
are down
additional debt until you pay off
some of the existing debts.
To determine the percentage of
take-home pay saved, add up
monthly savings. If savings are
irregular, use an average monthly
amount.
Savings divided by take-home
pay and then multiplied by 100
equals the percent of monthly take
home pay saved. This should be
five to 10 percent. If you are saving
less than this, look at your expenses
and see if expenses can be reduced
tq increase savings. !
'For further help in analyzing
your family financial situation, we
recommend two OSU Extension
publications. They are: "Financial
Planning: How to Prepare a Net
worth Statement," and "Financial
Planning: How to Prepare an In
comeExpense Statement".
tion control guideline for the indivi
dual homeowner.
"The Gypsy Moth in Oregon"
EM 8315, was prepared by OSU
Extension specialists in entomology,
forestry and agricultural economics.
Copies are available at no charge
and may be obtained at county
offices of the OSU Extension Ser
vice. Copies may also be obtained
from the Bulletin Mailing Office,
Industrial Building, OSU, Corvallis,
Oregon 97331. No postage and
handling fee is charged on single
copy mail orders.
attend the
7 -10
p.m. daily
administered
we will be able to set up a time for
Dr. Heidi Smith to come and take
blood samples. Most likely we will
use the corral area at the Industrial
Site so be prepared to bring your
stock horse or horses there.
If there are more than six animals
signed up, then Heidi can reduce
the rate she has to charge by almost
half (the cost will be somewhere
around $10 per horse.) However,
at this cost, each individual will be
required to pay at the time of
testing.
and 4-HYouth.
Clay Penhollow
Mollie
Fruit salad
Dressing
'A cup plain lowfat yogurt
2 teaspoons brown sugar
!4 teaspoon curry powder
teaspoon ground cinnamon
Salad
2 naval oranges
1 grapefruit
2 tablespoon chopped walnuts
V cup raisins
I. In a small bowl, stir yogurt
until creamv.
.
Plan areas
There are three areas to think
about in house planning: a work
area; a living area; and a sleeping,
or privacy, area.
WORKING AREAS: The work
area is mainly the kitchen, laundry
and or utility areas. If these are
adjacent, then there is one specific
work area avoid a direct view
into the work area or areas from
the guest entrance or living area.
Each part of a work area should be
planned for efficiency.
LIVING AREAS: The living area
may be one specific area in the
house, identified as the living room,
dining area and guest entrance.
There may be two or more areas on
the same level, such as a living
room, family room and study or
library. There may be living areas
on more than one level. The infor
mal living areas should be deter
mined by the family's needs and
resources. ' '
SLEEPING AREAS: Grouping
the bedrooms in one area of the
house will separate them from the
living and working areas. Some
plans will permit the separation of
the master bedroom and bath from
the other bedrooms and baths. If
the sleeping area is on the second
The 16-paee booklet describes
the history of the gypsy moth in the
United States, and explains why it
is so destructive and difficult to
control.
Also covered in the publication
are the potential costs and benefits
of eradication and suppression of
Try to keep
1. Keep a record for one day of
the positive things you say to chil
dren when:
It is time for bed.
You want them to do a good job.
You want them to turn off TV.
You want them to change a
behavior.
2. Keep a record of the number
of times you say: "no," "don't," or
"quit" during a day. Think of ways
you could change your instructions
to children.
Wow's the
Gardeners can give spring flower
ing bulbs, such as daffodils, tulips,
crocus, and hyacinth, either replant
the bulbs immediately or store them
until late September then replant
them when the weather is cooler.
Digging and dividing these
flowers gives them room to grow
properly and prevents plant di
seases, should they occur, from
spreading rapidly from plant to
plant.
When removing the plants from
the soil, dig around the edge of the
plant-clump and lift it carefully
from the ground. Rather than wash
ing the bulbs in water, simply knock
the dirt off them.
Diseased, soft or rotten bulbs
should be discarded.
Bulbs that are to be stored should
be dried for a dav or so. Thev can
BUILDS LEADERS
4H
' - ii
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
GXTGNSION
SERVICE
The Oregon State University Extension Service
otters educational programs, activities and
materials without regard to race, color,' sex,
age, religion, national origin or disability.
Driscoll
Joan David
recipe given
2. Add sugar and spices to yogurt,
mixing well. Set aside.
3. Mix raisins and walnuts.
4. Peel oranges and grapefruit
and slice sections into bite-sized
pieces. Add to walnuts and raisins.
5. Add yogurt mixture to fruit
and mix lightly.
The above recipe serves 4 and
cost $.28 per serving.
Nutritional information (per
serving): calcium 95.5 mg.; fat
3.2 g.; cholesterol 1.75 mg.; so
dium 21.85 mg. and calories 129.
I s
in homes
floor, provide a half-bath and temp
orary sleeping space on the main
floor for care of the sick.
ROOM RELATIONSHIPS: The
relationship of one room to another
influences the way space will func
tion. The dining area or areas should
be adjacent to the food preparation
area. Bathroom bedroom rela
tionships should provide for maxi
mum privacy, especially from the
living area. One bathroom should
be accessible without going through
another room. Privacy of both
sight and sound are important when
locating the bathroom.
For further information call
Mollie at 553-1161, ext. 238 at the
Warm Springs Extension Office.
Quick fixes
Plastic pajama feet on toddlers'
pajamas often wear out first. Re-,
place them by cutting new feet '
from a flannel-backed plastic table
cloth. Sew in place with flannel
inside for extra warmth.
Pest free garbage A few moth
balls in the bottom of your garbage
can keep insects and animals out.
Replace moth balls every two. to
three months.
the gypsy moth in Oregon, and the
possible results of taking no action
to control this pest.
Lastly, various control measures
that can be used individually and in
combination for gypsy moth control
are examined.
life positive
3. You are interested in teaching
behaviors you value such as respon
sibility, honesty, cooperation and
sharing. How do you practice what
you preach?
4. How do you show family
members you love them? Keep a
list for a day. Have older children
keep a list and compare it with
yours at the end of a day.
5. When you have had a struggle
with a family member, ask yourself
what difference this incident is likely
to make five years from now.
time to dig
be spread on a wire tray that will
allow air to circulate around the
bulbs freely. Be careful not to crowd
them together on the tray.
Store the bulbs in a dark, dry
area like a cellar or in the back of a
garage. Where possible, storage
area temperatures should not exceed
65 degrees.
If the bulbs are to be replanted
immediately, plant them in clusters
with individual bulbs of four to five
inches apart. Well-drained, sandy
soil with maximum exposure to
sunlight is best.
Work the soil to a depth of 12
inches. Plant tulips six inches deep
crocus, two inches; daffodils, seven
inches; grape hyacinths, three inch
es; hyacinths, four inches; and irises,
three inches.
A commercial fertilizer, such as
a 5-10-5 combination, should be
worked into the soil around the
bulbs. Use one handful per cluster
of three to five bulbs, or two pounds
for each five by 10 foot plot of
planted area.
Bone meal is also a good fertilizer
for bulbs. Use two tablespoons of
bone meal per bulb. Work the
fertizlier into the soil beneath where
the bulb will be planted. Then soak
the planted area to settle the bulbs.