Capital AJournal AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER ESTABLISHED IN III! Bernard Mainwaring (1897-1957) Editor and Publisher 1953-1957 E. A. Brown, Publisher Glenn Cushman, Managing Editor George Putnam.Editor Emeritus Published every evening (except Sunday by the Capital Journal Co., Ml. Jennie 1. Mainwaring pull Leased Wire Service of The Aitociated Preti end The United Preti. The Associated Preu li exclusively entitled to the uie for publication of all newl ditpatchei credited to II or otherwiie credited In this paper end alio newt published therein. SUBSCRIPTION RATES ' ty Carrier! Monthly, $I.M Six Months, $7.10; One Year, $15.00. By Mail In Oregon! Monthly, SI. 00; Six Mentha, $5.00; One rear $9.00. By Mall Outride Oragom Monthly, $1.25; Six Months, $7.50 One Year, $15.00 'World's Powder Keg The New York Times of April 2 includes l special six-page seclirtn containing the re mits of a just completed survey of the coun ties of Hie Middle East made by a score of its correspondents with background articles by its staff. This region because of its vital oil supplies, containing two thirds of the world's oil reserves and the conflicts raging . over Soviet penetration and Arab nationalist resurgence and the bitter Arab-Israeli con flict is the number one threat to world peace with its explosive mixtures and xenophobia. The Middle East, vast and complex, a stra tegic crossroads linking three continents, backward in civilization and unstable in gov ernments, is keeping the world jittery as its dictators rise and fall. The era of stability under British and French colonialism is be ing replaced by a near anarchy under the rule of dictators like Nasser in Egypt with his canal seizure and super power complex. The Times' articles show all this and much more to those who have not studied recent developments, but they offer no solution. Both the United Stales and Britain are try ing .their best to curb the Communist pene tration in an unstable situation mace to order for Russian aggression, which moans enslave ment for the Arabs, which many of the Arabs realize and oppose. The effprts of both the United States and Britain and, the United Nations is to bar Soviet Russia encroachment without war, with long term approach to the problem. Co operation of both Egypt and Israeli is sought and the establishment of a Suez Canal policy that will insure freedom of passage for all countries is a prime objective. At the same time, by proclaiming the Eis enhower doctrine of military and economic defense of the Middle . East, the United States is seeking to give a new dimension to its long-term approach to the problems of the area. . At the Bermuda conference President Eis enhower and Prime Minister Macmillan agreed on the rejection of, any Suez settle ment that docs not conform "fully" with the six principles approved by the United Nations Security Council, for "full and just" accord of the interests of the users of the Suez Canal. They include "insulation" of the canal from the politics of any nation. The scries of Near East crises Is ncaring a showdown, with peace in the balance. G. P. Here's a challenge to some efficiency ex pert. A schedule could be set up so the young wives would stagger their babies, and not have a whole slew coming on at the same time. In an industry employing lots of girls they could be divided into groups. One group could have babies in January, another in February, and so on right through the year. More trained girlpower obviously means more and bigger business colleges. Stag gered babies would give employment to lots of nurses in the homes. Or it would stan dardize baby-sitting, and pretty soon the baby sitters could organize a union. This would be no financial hardship on the young work ing parents, for in this age of sick leave, paid vacations, and unemployment compensation it wouldn't be right to penalize the girls by a dock in pay for time off to have babies. It looks like a happy solution all around. Hoiv Senators Slash Budget The sincerity of United Slates senators, elected on promises of economy and clamor ous; for cuts in the President's $72 billion budget, was given a test last week when the Senate got its first chance to cut the budget by flunking completely on the sacred federal spending outlet the perennial "pork barrel" rivers and harbors bill. The bill contained over 100 public work projects, including at least one for every stato in the Union, except Rhode Island and Ne vada. The bill was. vetoed last year by the President because of the many projects in cluded that had not been approved by re quired federal agencies. The weekly maga zine Time gives an interesting account of how congressional history repeats itself on econ omy proposals which must always be at the expense of the other fellow. Time says under the caption, "The Cut that Fattens": As he has (or eight long years, Illinois' Paul Douglas rose tn takr a cut at the hill. Ho proposed an amendment authorizing Iho President tn pos!- Eone the "least esscntinl" one-fourth ol the pork arrel protects. "Kvery time 1 rise tn criticize Itio rivers and harbors hill, n perfect swnrm of hor nets descends upon me, and the questions hu.z." Quicker than a hornet could buzz. Douglas' fel low liberal Democrats, including Minnesota's Hu bert Humphrey and Oregon's Itichnrd Nouticrqcr, deserted him. . "Let me be blunt about lite matter, and' say that 1 am ttol sure which qunrler the President would postpone," Humphrey said plain tively. He rend off a list of Minnesnln projects, then added: "They arc a part of a quarter tlinl 1 do not wan! the President In touch." With equal candor, Newberger admitted: "On this hill I hap pen to be 'stuck' . . . Cod Almighty put a great deal of water in Oregon"! Ohio Democrat Frank I.ausche rose to hack Douglas, but betorc day's end I.ausche, too, crum bled. The pork barrel bill on rivers and harbors when the senate bocan debate called for ex penditures of $1,522,000,000. "After nine hours of baloney and banter" the bill as passed called for $1,541,000,000 a hike of $10,. 000,000 a typical instance of Senate econ omy, for which of course all these senators will blame Ike. Thai's the way the Senate balances the budget. G. P. More Girlpou cr Needed An old nursery rhyme comes tn mind. "What are little girls good for?" or something like that. The question lias never been answered until now. What they are good for is to grow up and go to work, according to an article in Time. Industrial employment used to he spoken of in terms of manpower. Now it is girl power. More girlpower needed is the cry from the industrialists and the big business centers. Mainly they want the girls for secre taries, file clerks and various office jobs. The shortage runs high into the thousands. Several causes for tho scarcity arc men tioned. One is that during depression years, for economic reasons, not enough baby girls were born, who would now be just the right age to fill secretaryships. No doubt the same drop occurred in the birth rate of boys, but they aren't Important enough anymore to mention. It Is the age of girlpower. There Is another reason. Tho girls are said to be getting married earlier than for merly, at an average age of about 20, and, Inevitably, they have to get time off to have babies, which disrupts industry. Why the Secrecy? What, actually, are flying saucers? A look through the encyclopedias, or the dictionary, or the World Almanac for infor: nation about them is in vain. Government reports about flying saucers, and it is said such reports exist, arc padlocked. Why? The books and tho bureaucrats yield up plenty of information about the flying mouse, the flying squirrel, the flying squid, and vari ous other tilings that fly as well as swim, crawl or creep. But not a word about the flying saucer. All that is known about it is what is printed in the newspapers, so shroud ed in mystery that no one knows whether it is a hoax, an illusion, a mote lodged in the observer's eyebrows, or a fearful weapon from Mars or Moscow. ' , There is a branch of study known as psy chical research, dealing with phenomena that include purported messages from the spirit realm. It is given the dignity of scientific inquiry. Books have been written about it pro and con. Why isn't information made available about a matter of more direct con cern, namely flying saucers? If some foreign or interplanetary vehicle is cruising the strat osphere, whose objective is cither good will or conquest, folks ought to know about it so they can get set for the day when it may de cide to land. For some time now the subject has been dormant. But it is revived by Donald E. Kcyhoc, a retired Marine Corps major, who is director of the National Investigations Com mittee of Aerial Phenomena. Ho accuses the United Stales Air Force of hushing up all the information that has been gathered about flying saucers. United States Senator Richard Russell of Georgia is among those claiming to have seen flying saucers. He isn't talking. Major Kcyhoc says the senator has been gagged. As for the saucers, (his publication, which is always happy to give its readers any worthy information, is skeptical very. But it's well to be open minded. And Major Kcyhoc is right in his demand. . 1 1UU RAY TUCKER Moisc Still Silent On Teamster Boss WASHINGTON "Is Prcsidcnl Fenliowcr becoming thin-skinned and irritate?" asks Mrs. II. J., of Tulsa, Okla. "I refer, of course lo his refusal to invito Senator McCarthy to an official reception at the While House, and to his angry answer lo the reporter who asked if he was going to use heli- copters to fly to bis golf course." Answer: Every President I have known personally or journalistically Taft, Wilson, Harding. Cnnlidgc, Hoover, Roosevelt, Truman, Eisen howerhas been exlremelv sensitive on certain subjects. The only possible exception was Coolidgc, who permitted ray tuckkh nothing to interfere with his sleep or his digestion. How About Morse? "Has Senator Wayne Morse shown any in terest in the current investigation of Dave Beck's operations in his state of Oregon?" inquires C. U. B of Williamspnrt, Pa. "I un derstand that Morse was the recipient of the Teamster Union's political and financial sup port when he was re elecicd last year." Answer: Senator Morse, the great liberal and protector of the workingman. has not peeped on the question of Heck's alleged "theft" of union members' money, his mis management of his union and his defiance of the United Stales Senate. Heck Was Strong; for Morse As C.R.B. notes. Beck went down (he line for Morse. The teamsters spent thousands of dollars on Morse literature, they rang doorbells for him, and they insisted on union members supporting him. Without their sup port, Morse might have been defeated. Morse has no defense because of the fact that he is not a member of the Meridian Committee. For no man in House or Senate bulls into so many legislative and national and foreign problems as Morse. The Congres sional Record is cluttered every day, and at a cost of $80 a page, with his interjections and interpolations on every subject from the police department of Washington to the grass grown in the Gobi Desert. But on Beck and alleged labor corruption in his own state, the great liberal and re former is as silent as the Teamster Union's boss. JAMES MARLOW Dulles Can Change Tune Overnight WASHINGTON IjB - The best way for a newsman to be sure he knows what Secretary of State Dulles means to say is to get it in writing. Dulles stenographers take down every word he says at a news conference, type it, and give him a copy. He then edits and changes his words to suit himself. Thus n e w s mcn who heard him say one Ihing sometimes read, in the 'A transcript of his remarks, that he said something else. This hap pened again at vesterday's con ference. He told news- ja.mki MAiu.owmcn Dag Ham- marskjoid, United Nations secre tary general, had made substantial progress in his talks with Egyptian President Nasser. Changes Wording For some reason Dulles had sec ond thoughts and decided to soft pedal the progress angle. In the transcript he changed substantial progress to "some progress." litis practice brought him into stiff argument with newsmen last fall when, at his Oct. 2, 1036, news conference, he was asked about a reported split between the Unit ed States and its British and French allies. He said "there is some differ ence." This language put the dif ference in the present tense, giv ing it the appearance of something sliii going on. But ho edited to put the differ ence in the past tense by knock ing out the verb "is" and saying there has - been some differ ence. Fundamental Difference He also spoke of some differ ences on "fundamental things" but in the transcript changed this to have him saying "our approach is hot always identical." At his next conference, Oct. 16, newsmen objected to this editing job, asked him to let the trans cript quote him on the language he had actually used. He said: No ... I must re serve the right in case I make a blunder inadvertently which docs damage to international relations to correct those blunders. , . " Correct Keforc Publishing Reporters who get exclusive in terviews with Dulles such as two reporters from Time and Life magazines have had in the past lit months might have less wor ry nbout corrections later if they had Dulles read and correct their copy before they publish it. n January ltou, Life magazine carried a piece on Dulles by i ime s Washington bureau chief, James Shcplcy. It was based on a personal , interview with Dulles and caused a storm in the capital. Shcntev ouoted Dulles as sav ing, "The ability to gct to the verge of war without getting into the war is the necessary art.' This statement, now famous, became known among Dulles' critics as the "art of brinkmanship." Did Dulles really say what Shoplcy said he did? Dulles was asked at a news conference. He didn't deny it, exactly. He said the quotation was "substantially" accurate but I would never my- scll have expressed myself in quite that way for publication." Hadn't Reviewed Article Dulles also explained he had not reviewed this highly laudatory ar ticle by bheplcy. Now another Time man lis diplomatic reporter, John Robin son I, lack) Heal has written a whole biography on Dulles, also highly lnudnlory. Although the hook was not pub lished until today, other reporlers got advance copies ol it and at yesterday's new conference asked Dulles about two Heal statements which raised eyebrows' in Wash ington, particularly in Congress. Ileal, who had personal inter views with Dulles, said the secre tary's withdrawal last year of aid for Nasser's Aswan dam was intended to expose Russia which had talked of aid to Egypt and was now trco to make good as a phony. Stntcsnicnts Thrown Out Beal also said President Eisen hower had sent Nationalist China's President Chiang Kai-shek a "se cret, personal letter . . . satisfy ing him that the United States would help defend" the islands of (Juemoy and Mntsu off tho Hod I bina coast. Dulles threw down both state ments. He said his withdrawal of aid for Egypt was not an attempt to force a Middle Fast showdown wilb Russia, and he said this country had made no flat commit ments to defend Qucnioy and Mntsu. Charity Begins Where? DR. WILLIAM BRADY ji,:: w HEAR Vtou DON'T TOO HMtt WHEN OUR. FOREIGN FRIEND HAVE TROUBLE PAVING-, 1 u.j. ivs-s i tvr y rrr i v fe, was just VWilm i- V DAVID LAWRENCE Boost for Economy: Senate Has Okayed Bill Setting Up Congressional Budget Group Someone Must Draw Line in How Not to Catch the Cri DR. BRADY WASHINGTON By a virtually unanimous vote, the senate has just passed a bill which, if tho House of representatives approves, may do more to harmonize the views of the executive and legis lative branches f of the govern ment ,in th ei making of the federal budcet than anything gS, JjC 'i wnicn nas Dccn ' . ciirtnnctnrl h n . T fore. For the bill would create a joint committee of 14 members seven from Lawrence each house who would have an adequate staff to study and eval uate all the items in the budget. It would save the time of every body involved, because it would IS m mean one set of hearings. It would furnish the viewpoint of all groups, including those which want to see economy practiced. The same kind of bill has passed the senate on different occasions in recent years only to be defeated in the House of Representatives, many of whose members tradition ally feel that, since all the money bills must originate in the House, they must be given attention ex clusively by its committees. Cites Reasons for Bill Senator John L. McClellan of Arkansas, who is chairman of the Senate committee on government operations, has sponsored the new bill. In his report he gives many persuasive reasons for. the adop tion of the measure. He particu larly takes cognizance of the ac tion of the House on March 12 last in adopting a resolution re- REV. GEORGE SWIFT After Crucifixion, Cross Became a Symbol of Faith Tomorrow, according lo the" Christian calendar, is called Pas sion Sunday, from the Latin word meaning "to suffer." So tomorrow wo will see pictured in our minds, Calvary, a hill with three crosses on it. On these crosses, for three hours hang three men. One of them was the thief who is supposed to have died impenitent. One was the thief named Dismas who was received that same day into Paradise. The third is, of course, Our Lord Him self. Symbol of Faith To the primitive Christian wnrld the Crucifixtion was considered to bo so tremendously important that the cross almost at once became the symbol of tile Christian faith. It was the sign by which nnc Chris tian knew another. When church buildings were built, the cross tow ered high above them. The cross adorned every Altar. It marked the Christian grave. It later adorn ed the covers of our Prayer Books and Bibles. Christians still use the sign of the cross in various places in their services of worship; on entering our churches; before receiving Communion; we make the sign of the cross on the foreheads of all persons who receive Baptism. Cross, Church Bound Crosses mark conveyances of mercy, hospital ships and umbu- lanccs. ,ao the cross, and our church, our worship, and our faith are all somehow inseparably bound together. It is interesting to note that while the great Socrates died a much publicized death, his followers did not make a symbol of the instru ment of his death, a cup of hem lock. For from the cup of hemlock came forth only death. From the cross of Christ came forth the Re surrection. We do not worship Christ, how ever, because He died on a cross, but we reverence the cross be cause Christ died on it. We re member the Crucifixtion because the One crucified rose from the dead, and because He said, "Be cause 1 live, ye shall live also." BEiV MAXWELL History in the Making Amendment Due Kllgrnr Keglsler.Guard We raised our editorial voice in protest when Rep. Herman Chind gren of Clackamas County intro duced a bill lo "control" rifle ranges by effectively eliminating them. .Many other voices joined our chorus. Now, we read, Mr. Chindgren is taking a second look at this bill. He says he will "draslically amend" it. That's fine. We think such a hill, properly worded, could contribute tn the common safety. The amendments, however, should work tn set up a bill which will have its emphasis on positive safe ty and the encouragement of safe shooting practices. A negatively worded bill will result simply in even more unregulated "plinking" in areas where such practices are dangerous. April 6, 1930 A new milk ordinance for Sa lem's city charter had been drafted by J. E. Rlinkhorn, city milk in spector and Wil liam Trinrile, city attorney; adding C and D grades of r a w milk and B and C grades of pas teurized milk. Mrs. T. M. Hunt of Inde pendence had discovered i n household b e- ben maxwell longings a jar of choke cherries canned by her grandmother 100 years ago. They were well pre served and of bright color. (Not likely canned in lfUO. The process of hermetically sealing cooked food for future usage w-as discovered about 1800 by Nicholas Appert. a Frenchman who sought improved provisioning for the navy. Glass containers were first used. A patent was obtained in 1825' for the tin case. Home canning did not attain wide popularity until well alter the Civil War. Ruth Howe. Salem high school senior, had hceo awarded the prize winning cup for best individual act ing shown in the state high school drama tournament held at Eugene. Salem's Chamber of Commerce was preparing for the coming tour ist season with a first run of 6000 new state highway maps pointing out Salem with a big, red arrow. Don Upjohn Capital Journal's Sips for Supper, had written that many local motorists misconstrue the meaning of the while lines marked on the city's streets. In stead of regarding the lines as something tn run their car be tween they figure their car should be parked so that the white line comes directly under it. A first known shipment of flow ers from Salem by airplane had been sent by D. W. Eyre, presi dent of the United States National Rank: to his aunt in Illinois. The flowers were daffodils from the garden of Mrs. Nell Pearmine. The shipment weighed a little over three pounds and the transporta tion charge was M.95. GETS INSIDE KNOWLEDGE OKLAHOMA CITY HV-J. Wiley Richardson accepted co-chairman ship of the special gift division of the St. Anthony Hospital expansion fund, and he got some first hand : facts. I Richardson broke a knee and ' had In be hospitalized for a long ! period in traction. He had a spo- cial phone installed and used his 1 time, soliciting over the phone. questing the President to indicate the places and the amounts in his budget where he thinks substan tial reductions may best be made. This, he says, is a c ear indica tion that the congress does not have adequate information upon which to act in carrying out its constitutional responsibilities for maintaining adequate controls over government expenditures." Ground Swell for Economy Mr. McClellan reminded the Senate that members of congress "have learned from contacts with the people back home that there is a tremendous ground swell 'of public sentiment for economy in government, and demands for ac tion in eliminating unnecessary expenditures in the operations of the government." But, under tne existing pro cedures, with different appropria tion committees and small staffs, it is not possible to do more than listen to witnesses from the ex ecutive branch who are morally bound to support the budget as submitted. Members of congress have to depend on what they can pick up from the outside as to what items might really be cut. For Sake of Economy Taking a leaf out of the splen did record of the joint committee of internal revenue taxation, Mr. McClellan and the 71 co-sponsors of the new bill believe a great service can be rendered by the joint committee type of operation in ine Held of governmental econ omy. Just now, of course, with the congress in control 'of the Demo crats and the executive branch in control of the Republicans. mere is a natural antagonism belween the two branches. But the division of the government on this basis is not usual and the reform will be as useful, if not more so. when both congress and the presidency arc in the hands of the same party. Special Fields to Cover The new committee would, to be sure, be made up always of seven members of the Senate Ap propriations Committee, which now numbers 23, and seven from the House Committee on Appropri ations, which now numbers 50 members. But in such a large membership of the appropriations committees today, there are vari ous subcommittees appointed and it is virtually impossible for the entire committee to know as much about the items as the other sub committees which have special fields to cover. ' The theory back of the joint committee idea is that a large staff of experts, who serve con tinuously from one session through the next and so on. will build up a knowledge of the budget opera tions that will be invaluable tn congress. Detailed Analysis Impossible Detailed analysis of the budget by congressional committees is not possible under the present system, and only a superficial ex amination is given to what is rec ommended by the executive. Con versely, the budget bureau has to accent programs created out of previous legislation by congress and has no means of passing judg ment on whether existing laws should be repealed. The budget bureau in those instances merelv estimates the cost of operation and assumes a continuance of the laws. A joint committee could look constantly Into the question of whether the laws that require appropriations from year to year m'"h! be modified, if not repealed. The move lust made hv the Senate is in the direction nf efft- i ciency and could be the hais nf ! some real economizing. Will the House pass the new hill or insist Ion the same haphazard wavs that jhave prevailed in the past' The j American peonle will he deenly i interested in what happens to this i bill in the house of representatives. Somewhere, one must draw the line between reasonable precau tions against catching the cri (common respir-u n-mm atory infection )ir :v' or reckless ex posure to what- iSP' i ever uie i iiiaj jy prove to oe. It would be Utopian to ex pect every one jjs with the cri to wear a suitable mask (such as . that described in a previous piece) whenever within spray range of other persons. If some such precaution were cus tomary for every alleged "cold," the cractice would prevent an in calculable amount ol uiness, ior the respiratory infections make most ol the everyday worn ol aoc tors. Some Simple Good Sense On the other hand it is simply good sense to dodge or evade in fection when one can do so with out offending anybody or being con sidered eccentric. By "unnecessary or reckless ex posure to whatever the cri may prove to be" I mean, not just ignorance or carelessness about cough or sneeze spray, but more particularly disregard of polite conversation spray. From the advice medical and health authorities give the public about this, one might infer that safety lies in avoiding the uncov ered or unmasked cough or sneeze. Rendering A Disservice This is not true, as physicians and health authorities should know by now. Doctors and nurses wear masks in the operating room to guard against conversation spray infection. When physicians and health authorities caution people about uncovered coughswand sneezes," yet adhere to the tradi tional policy of "dignified silence" regarding conversation spray, they are rendering a disservice. The effective range of conversa tion spray is not over five feet. In quiet conversation, it is only two or three feet. Remember, it is not just the visible or palpable mnictnrp rlronlets in conversation spray that may contain the germ r a Facniralnru infxMmn but the invisibly and impalpably fine droplets as well. Via Conversation Spray Anyway I say the usual way such respiratory infections as measles, scanei level, Liin-ivt-iipuA, shihu. pox, diphtheria, epidemic meningi tis, infantile paralysis, mumps, wnuopiog tuufsii. oiil jwic uiiudi, tonsilitis, laryngitis, hrnnchitis nnnlimnnia COrVZO influenza Of tuberculosis spreads is via convcr. sation spray, inis is wnai i oe licve. And I conduct myself ac- nnrrlimrlv ovtn at risk nf nffanrl. in; the ignoramus who doesn't know wnai auruism means. GOOD HURT TOO Honorable union men will be hurt by the senate investigations about racketeering. They should have thought of that before. Sherman County Journal REAL ANGLER NORTH BAY, Ont. WV-It's not everybody who can catch a fish as long as himself. Tommy Haight, 5, pulled a 33-inch lake trout from Trout Lake near here, hauling tht 13-pound catch through an ice hole. LARGER BANANAS We note that banana producers hope to make the fruit larger in order to get more business. Have they considered growing smaller ones? Sherman County Journal J CHRISTIAN 1 I SCIENCE J HEALS KSLM KL0R 10:15 A.M. Channel 12 Sunday 4:30 P.M. Willamette University 1957-1958 Distinguished Artist Series PRESENTS Marian Anderson c..,.i.. Leonard Warren ,,,.. Kovach & Rabovsky ,,., Seymour Lipkin Pi,niI( : Reserved Seats on Sale Now STEVENS AND SON, JEWELERS StaiTfSS INSUMNCf Before vou buy i car. chew these rncfc MrnfiiiR VWW VUllrlUfJ FINANCING 1 INSURANCE 1 PURCHASE PRICE J. Earl Cook My Bank Plan may sav you money three ways! Se me before you buy your next ear . . , new r tteed. Find oat how you may possibly u M much u $160 ... on financing coeU ... on insur ance . . . and on I be purchase) price of the eav iUeU", by becomirjf cash buyer. 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