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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 18, 1956)
it n l 1 Vaee" 6 Section 2 THE CAPITAL JOURNAL Salem, Oregon, Tuesday, December 18, 1956 Christmas Tree Farm Uses Approved Forest Methods Varied Types Of Trees Grown By BF.N MAXWELL Capital Journal Writer Drew Michaels, route 1, box 30, Salem; is a Polk County forestry nurseryman growing 38,000 Christ mas trees on 1R acres in accord ance with approved forestry meth ods. He calls his enterprise King wood Christmas Tree Farm. While engaged in forest fire patrol during depression times Michaels was impressed with the beauty of young fir trees in the Black Rock locality and perceived the desirability of these grown as Christmas trees under nursery conditions. In 1949 he started such i tree nursery in a small way at his residence in the Polk County hilll above West Salem. 18 Acre Traet Now the Michaels nursery con sist! of 18 acres producing var ious species of coniferous trees for the Christmas trade. A five acre tract now being harvested con sists of concolor, grand and noble fir up to eight feet in height. Most of these trees are 10 years old from seed but were obtained by Michaels as two year seedlings for lining out purposes. He also has Christmas trees in the popu lar Douglas fir, which is really not a true fir at all. Good speci mens of true firs command a higher price than comparable trees of Douglas fir. Coniferous trees at Kingwood Christmas Tree Farm are grown first and foremost as Christmas trees. They are cultivated, pruned, fertilized and in early stages of growth, irrigated.. Trees Transplanted At a proper stage of develop ment they are transplanted to the tree sales yard on a tract along the old Doak s ferry road a short distance south of Chapman corner. Here they are given such care as needed to form choice trees and also fire protection. This year Michaels has but a limited num ber of trees in popular sizes. Early purchasers of Christmas frees, Michaels finds, prefer taller speciments. Later buyers go lor shorter trees that are less costly. Concolor, grand and noble irs are preferred by many customer) who admire their distinct color or foliage. Field selected trees for future cutting are labeled with the purchaser's name and the variety of the tree. When the tree is cut it is again given a tag of identifi cation. This assures the purchaser ot a proper title to his tree event he may he stopped by police wno aesire assurance that the tree was not obtained by trespassing. Trees Cut In Blocks Michaels does not believe that cutting a Christmas tree to the lowest whorl of branches and al lowng it to grow again into an other commercial Christmas tree is economically justifiable. He pre fers to cut his trees in a block and replant that block. In such a field block trees are set at dis tances proper for good growth and I shaping. Commercial tree farmers in Western Oregon expect to rut I', million Christmas trees nn their 31 Irarls during the holiday sea son. Most of these will he shipped ! in iaiuornia nut other growers such as Michaels are now con cerned with supplying a local demand. Cutting Waste Saves Money lucre is no better wav tor farmers to cut the cost of live stock production than by reducing waste in the use of lewis, suggests Ren A. Newell, Marlon county ex tension ajjrnt. He points out that grain and other concentrates make up well oer half the cost of laltening rat tle and sheep and about a fourth of the cost of producing milk. Feed also accounts lor more than two thirds of the total cost of produc ing hogs and over half the cost of producing eggs. Some excessive costs can hp cut by care in the handling o( feed In make sure that it is not wasted by spilling Irom bins and hoppers. Sheep Producer i 1" ill 1)1 111 ll 1 IUlM.5 "Smiths were not 5peclacular in, The -p 20 entries averaged $27.86 any part of their aherp manage- j per ewe while average for the but ment but they were good in all ' torn 20 was $20.46. phases of it," commented Chaun- income came 85 per cent from cy Hubbard, chairman of Ihe Ore-, lambs reared and 15 per cent from gon Sheep Production contest, in 1 wool sales. The top flockmasters presenting Ihe 196 champion grew ufi pounds of iamb per ewe award to Walter h Cecil Smith of while the bottom half flocks aver Aurora. Smiths also had the chain aged 87'! pounds. The ewes aver sion flock in the last year's con- aged jmt under 8'i pounds of test. wool. For thr last eight years Smiths; have bmlt up their flock by keep-! ing replacement rwp lambs "from brought results for higher produc ing high producing and heavy mg flocks. Mot flockmasters fed miLkini ewes regardless of their breeding ewes some hay and grain j breeding. They keep caremi rec- erds on every ewe in the flock More Twin i Needed "We need more twin lambs, Smith noted in his flock report for the conteM. He marketed 121 ; per cent lambs from the JW ewes! on the farm. This is a lillle above , the 115 per cent average made by 1 the 40 florks entered from a!! over . Oregon. Smiths had the highest srns in-1 eome prr ewe ever recorded in the J Dark Gets F-7 f.f . 5 1 Drew Mlchaeli, proprietor of Klngwood Chrlilnui Tree Farm above Went Salem, ivlccli choice specimen ot cunculur ftr at a Christina tree fur hti granddaughter, Darla, axe three, Mrt. Mlchaeli approve! the irlrctlun. Shown In the buck ground are acrci of concolor, noble and grand varieties of fir Chrlitmai trees available at the Michael's tree farm. Values of Farm Land Reach Record High Kise Comes in Spile of Less Income Farm land values, Including ,0Si in Oregon, have gone up in most parts ot the nalion in spite of lower farm incomes in recent ' value f far,,, land in Oregon reached the highest point on roc-j ..-.i .. A ........ .n u.-c k'l. vcra llorrcll. extension agricul-; tural economist at Oregon Slate college. Fain, lands in the stale nverasid a 2 ner cent rise between July 1955 and July I9.V8. ' Nationally, farm land values : have averaged a 3 per cent jump during the same period. Only six slates, most ol them in drouth pilosis on industrial decentraliza nrens, did not .show increases. 1 Hon and urban living. What's behind the rise In the value of farm land? Mrs. llorrcll says people who have analyzed the situation feel the rising land alues arc a result of a strong demand from farmers themsel.-es for more land, the ex pansion of irrigation, and the feel ing of many people that (arm land may be a sale long-term Invest ment. The demand for part-time and that rats, birds and other pesls are not being support ed along with the livestock. Winners Good ! ih P 111 .camera and to take better '. 1)1 iTltflKI"! lilt Mil ! (.ond .Man.ti;rim-nt C.ooH man.cn.r in and feeding" ' rZ ' prior to and after limbing. 1m- i proed pastures were widely used : anri application of fertilizer on permanent grs.srs seemed on the increase. It was pointed out that sheep sol RO per cent of their diet from roushaes. This compares to (em per cpnt tor callle and only 1 perl cent in bos rations. Sulphur is used in so many Kiilry blanks lor nct year's products it It estimated that jfh ronlest are available at the county I family in the t'niled Stain uses agents office They mint be re-' a Nursery Christmas Tree farms and houses out in the conn- DHIA tests taken recently. Aver trv and urban and industrial ex- ages are down since October, re- DHnsion are also seen as lactors supporting me Jiigncr .arm iana . i prices. The expansion of urban and In dustrial developments out onto good farm land has started mov ing at a rale that alarms many agricultural leaders, Mrs. llorrcll reports. The soil and water con servation ndvisorv enmmiltee of it i' a , . r .it, .-a ' me 11. o. iii iai i iiiL-ni vi . mmui c has decided lo ask the IISDA to 1 lake steps to help check this rnnid rnmiM-iiinn of com) atfrirtll- tural land to non larm uses. The committee estimates that ; about 17 million aces of good till- aim' laud nave uccn taken uvci lur industrial and urban housing use in the past 15 years. Anil they puint out that this rale is being stepped up by the present em- Photo Project For 4-II Told Marion County boys and girls between the ages of 9 and 21 who like photography will be interested in the new revised 4-H photography project. Cat Monroe, State 4-H Extension Age. '. at Oregon State College, an nounces the newly revised photo graphy project as having two di- isions Shutter Bugs and Cam era Hounds. Shutter Bugs learn huw to operate and care for a Pictures. Camera Hounds are the more advanced picture-takers who I develop and print their own pic tures. 4-H'en in Marion County at Woodburn, Hubbard and Monitor were enrolled in the photography project during the 195556 club year. Five or more members and an adult leader are required to form a cluh. Additional informa tion on how to become a 4-11 mem ber and the photography project may be obtained by contacting the IVtrrs Named to Post Don Peters, l!nion Hills bent- grass and rescue grower, was re- ' , . . .... . ' , . .,. Peters will replace Verny Sooll R.Ie ' Sllblimll'' P' Plent about 800 pounds of sulphuric acid ; Penitentiary Herd Tops in DIM Testing The Oregon stale Penitentiary herd of dairy cows has the high est milk average on Marion County dairy farms and herds on porta the county extension agent. TU The penitentiary herd with 145 cows average with 1,078 pounds of milk per cow and 39.1 pound fat average. The herd is milked three times a day. Von Flue Bros., Sil verton had 54 cow average 1.057 pounds of milk and 38.64 pounds of fat to be second. lames Phillips, Silverton, topped Hip nvernve fat roll with 3ft Jer- -o- - seys making 45.5 pounds of fat and 762 pounds of milk each. James j Dauglierty, Woodburn, was second, " ' , JftE . ;'t and ,95 pounds of milk each, William ogt. Salem, was hird at v Gervais, fourth at 40 8 pounds. W. 11. Brandt was filth with 35 Guernsevs at n 40.4 average per cow and Buford & Orville Brown, Woodburn. with 59 Guernseys making an even 40 pound average. High cows for milk in each breed include Rncette Bros.. Au rora, owner of the top milker a Holstein that gave 2.720 pounds of mill" in November. Barnes Bros., Ayrshire. Mnrlian, gave 1.908 pounds of milk. Top Guernsey was Birdie at Buford and Orville Browns gave 1,790 pounds of milk and I. F. Buyseries Jersey, Joyce, was top Jersey with 1.820 pounds. C. J. Jorgenson and Sons, Jeffer son, own the top milking Short horn, Snowflake, that gave 1,380 pounds of milk. CHRISTMAS SHOOT DALLAS I Special I Annual ! Christmas turkey shoot of Mar I mion lodue. Knishts of Pvthias. will be Thursday night, Dec. 20 at the Pythian hall The public is invited to the shoot beginning at 7:90 p.m. TALLMAVS CHRISTMAS PIANO SALE All Pianos Reduced In Price! New Spinels $389 np All Makei, Stvlri, largest Stock la N. W.! E Z Terms PyU. Bella Feb. Open F.verjr Evening TALLMAN PIANO STORE 395 S. tith. Near ft. P. Depot Isotope Use Proves Aid in Plant Studies Use of radioactive isotopes Is "right in the middle of agricul ture" just as it is in all indus tries. Research will determine the new patterns to come but isotopes are accepted tools and are here to stay. These views were ex pressed by P. R. Stout, University of California scientist, while Corvallis recently for the annual meeting of the Oregon Horticul tural society. University of California did much of the early experimental work with these materials because they were able to get supplies from the cyclotron at Berkeley. One of their notable experiments was that of tracing radioactive zinc in two full bearing apricot trees. The trees were carefully fenced and barricaded to prevent anyone being injured by active material. For five years all fruit and leaves were carefully picked up and destroyed. Isotope observation has made It very easy for scientists to get Ideas about movement of nutrients in plants. It can be put on leaves or on roots and observed going both up and down. Stout said it has been deter mined that plants take up zinc put on a leaf and distribute it to new leaves. The amount moved out from the point of application is much smaller than that which remains near the leaf. Experiments with sauash Dlants demonstrated that some nutrients pass through a stem 16 feet long within 3 minutes of application. The rapidity of absorption depends on the kind of ions in the material. Stout explained. Some nutrients are ionized in the roots and stay there as long as six hours. It takes two weeks for phosphorus to move from root tips. Tick Control Aid to Lambs The Marion County Extension agent reports that at the recent Marion County Sheep Improve ment association meeting in Salem sheep tick control ahead at lamb ing time will help the lamb crop gel off to a good start. It was noted that some difficulty is noted in locating sources of Dieldrin dust. A check by association officers find the R. M. Fitzmaurice and Son, 171 Front Street in Salem have the supplies and a duster. Pacific Wool Growers, 734 N. W. 14th Avenue in Portland stock the Control of Costly Cattle Grub Possible With New Chemical A new organic phosphate chemi cal one that is only slightly toxic to warm-blooded animals may be the answer to controlling cattle grubs that cost the live stock industry millions of dollars each year. Tests in Oregon for the past two winters have shed optimism on the half-century battle to control the pest that reduces the value of meat and hides and "worries' animals into weight losses. Not Available Commercially Gaines Eddy, U.S. department of agriculture entomologist at Cor vallis, reports control of 92 to 100 per cent of all grubs after animals received oral dosages of the chem ical. The material, now known as ET-57, is not available commer cially. The costly cycle of the cattle grub begins with the appearance of heel flies during the first warm days of spring when they lay their eggs on the hair of animals. Cattle run frantically to escape these insects that cannot bite or sting. Eggs of heel flies hatch and the larvae burrow into the skin, then migrate for about eight months through various body or gans and muscular tissue. They finally reach the skin surface of the animal's back source of some of the best shoe leather where they puncture holes, drop to the ground, mature into heel flies, and repeat the costly cycle. Since spraying of heel flies has not been too practical, especially 1 VJJjj Co.ch fort plu lu from PortUnd H HIT I. WAUOH, II , .,,.--... II TVi.r.i-sr Ponrvrr Arm. U ifXMM Portland 3O0 P.M. DoTy II 07 8.W. Wuhmcton St . Portland , Ore. " .11 ; CAHTAl JL717S O II Adams Praised ForWorkWith Walnut Stock Mose Adams, veteran Salem nut grower who brought out the Man- regian walnut, received a fine compliment during the 42nd an nual meeting of the Oregon & Washington Nut Growers Society at McMinnvilie last ween. "This society might well erect a memorial to Adams, wno with his keen sense of observation, is more responsible than anyone else for our having Manregian root stock which is giving outstanding 'refills in our research trials fir superior nursery in Oregon, said Oucntin Zielinski, Oregon State college horticulturist, in a walnut rootstock report. Substitute Sought Zielinski's problem has been to obtain a substitute for caiiiornia Black walnut which has long been used as rootstock for Franquette and Mayette grafting but which is particularly susceptible to the deadly black-line disease. Manregian made much the most vigorous growth of eight root- stock varieties tested. After 3 years in ordinary nursery rows Manregian measured 48 incnes in height: Kirk was 42 inches, and Carpathian, SB inches. Other var ieties were difficult to graft or were killed by our winter tempera tures. Both Manregian and Car pathian had excellent winter-hardiness, Zielinski stated. Adams said that he was given two very small seedlings about 35 years ago by C. E. Schuster of Oregon State college experiment station. They were soid to have been of Manchurian stock from the U .S. D. A. nursery at Bclts ville, Md. He gave one to Skyline Orchards in the Liberty district and kept one himself. "I paid a man 25 cents per week to keep that tree watered through a sieved bottom bucket I had sunken near the plant for the first year, after that it grew by itself," Adams recalled. Rlnssnmed Early II hlnssomed early, had an early nut harvest and didn't drop it's leaves until after the nuts were down," he continued. Nuts from the tree gave 55 percent shelling test in trials by both the state department of agriculture and Oregon state college. Adams first called the tree Man churian but for reasons he docs not know U.S.D.A. authorities re quested the name be changed to Manregian. me SKyune urcnaru seedling seems to have left no imprint on this region's nut in dustry. material In lots of two to fifty pounds. Speaking on tick control, bod Goulding, Oregon State College entomologist said a IVi per cent dieldrin dust was the material to use. Hand operated dusters, power dusters or even shaking on from a salt sack in small flocks will likely be satisfactory. Sheep should be dry confined in groups n a small pen and 14 to two ounces applied to each ani mal. with range animals, Eddy and other USDA scientists around the country have long been trying to stop the cycle in the grub stage. The new material looks like the answer. Chemical Residue Nil The small, oral dosages needed to get almost complete grub con trol show that long-lasting residues are not likely to occur in the meat of treated animals. Chemical resi due in animal fat was almost nil 14 days after treatment, and further studies will be made to determine time limit between treatment and slaughter. Prelim inary studies by Oregon State col lege food technology department taste panels also show that flavor of meat was not changed. Scientists are also investigating other ways to treat animals with the material spraying with a liquid preparation, injections un der the skin, and various oral methods. Eddy has spraying tests now underway in cooperation with sev eral Oregon farmers. If it proves as effective as the oral treatment, 25 to 50 animals could be sprayed in one lot, speeding up the opera tion and lowering labor costs. Preliminary trials show a "bon us effect" from the treatment that also gets rid of cattle lice a n d j spring moisture was primarily re killed biting flies for two or three sponsible for low Canadian fescue days. Spray tests in Oregon will j yields. Since Canada is the biggest also try to determine the b e s t competitor for Oregon fescue time to treat animals during the I seeds, a small or large crop there grub cycle for most effective con-1 reflects directly on prices to local trol Caution Suggested In Pruning Walnuts Damaged in Freeze Damage Shows Tree's Power Of Recuperation Don't operate too cniick.lv on walnut trees tlnmaccd bv cold weather even though their limbs seem frost bitten enough to require amputation. Holding back the saw and scalpel gives trees a chance to use the wonderful recuperative power given them bv nature according to observations made after the 1919, 1935, 1950 and 1955 freezes. These recommendations were made at the recent Oregon- Washington Nut Growers Society meeting by panel members discussing "What can be done with winter damaged walnut trees. The suggestions were to apply to 19o5 winter damage and possible injury from the cold weather we have just gone through. Let Leaves Grow 'Let trees grow as many leaves as possible to help the root system compensate for food manufactur ing area lost by fro?en limb area. In many cases speediest recovery from the 1950 freeze was on trees which were not pruned at all," said panel member Palmer Tor vend, Washington county agent. Torvend suggested no pruning on older trees for two or three years following freeze damage. Some owners take out dead limbs the third year but many leave the dead limbs to be removed by wind storms and silver thaws, thus sav ing the expense of pruning. Ex cessive labor outlay is not jus tified in most walnut orchards, he explained. Young trees should be cut and re-grafted. Trees in one orchard surveyed by the panel put out long limbs after the 1950 freeze but had no crop that fall. The next year some trees died but in others the limb areas spread and they re covered. "Reasonable crops were gathered for the following three years. A very good crop was gathered in 1955. The same or chard was damaged by the cold snap of Nov. 1955 but the 1956 crop was quite good. Grower Tells Experience Harvey Farr of Hillsboro ex plained that his orchard suffered severely in 1935 and the following year many of the trees broke at the trunk and toppled over. He loosely bound together the root sprouts which subsequently came up and tne next year cut off all but the choicest. As the stump died he took it out with a power saw and "in 4 years I had a nice young tree." None of these young trees were damaged by the 1955 freeze, he stated. His thinking is that it is more economical to use the old root system to grow a young tree than to pull it out and wait for a fresh tree to develop. The sprouts which come from be low the graft line (black walnut) are grafted with Franquettes or Mayettes. C. O. Rawlings, extension hor ticullurist, Oregon State college, who is secretary of the Nut Grow ers society, has written a pam phlet entitled "Procedures for Frozen Walnut Trees" which is available to anyone interested. It contains specific suggestions for different types of injuries and degrees of injuries. Local Growers Officers in Fescue Group At the recent Northwest Chew ings and Creeping Red Fescue as sociation meeting in Eugene sev eral local growers were elected to office. Several reports were also given. Local growers elected include Roy King, Union Hills, vice-president: S. E. Starr, Dallas, direc tor. Hold-over directors from Mar ion county are Tom DeArmnnd, Hubbard and Fred Hottinger, Stay ton. It was reported by Stanley Wes ton, seed grower from Peace River, Canada, that poor fall and growers. Experience in Past Federal Land Bank Declares New Dividend SPOKANE (Special) Farmer and rancher members of north west national farm loan associa tions will share in a $349,407 divi dend declared by the Federal Land Bank of Spokane to its stock holders of record November 30, 1956. Fred A. Knutsen, bank presi dent, said this dividend, represent ing five per cent on $6,988,140 of capital stock, will be paid to 63 national farm loan associations, which own all of the stock. The associations, in turn, will pass on most of the dividend to their stock holder - members who are the bank's borrowers. Idaho associations will receive $106,703.50 for the total divi dend; Montana, $80,215; Oregon, $76,646.75, and Washington, $85, 841.75. Knutsen said this year's divi dend brings to more than $3,000,000 the total paid in dividends since 1944. The land bank system is co operative," Mr. Knutsen ex plained, and savings we can ef fect over and above our operating expenses and needed reserves arc shared with our borrowers through their national farm loan associa tions. These local farmer and rancher-owned associations make and service the bank's loans. Dairy Breeder Group Grows In 10 Years Marion County Dairy Breeders association celebrated the comple tion of its tenth full year of oper ation at the annual meeting re cently. Vernon Hepler. Canby, president reported business volume had increased fifteen times from six hundred cows to 9,281 this year. rhe one technician association has grown to a five-man business. In the Oregon Dairy Breeders as sociation there are now twenty county units compared to four in 1947. Conception rates came up from 55 in 1947 to 69 per cent in 1956. Early leaders in starting an arti ficial breeding program here were the late George Kruse. Mt. Angel and Ed Eastman of Canby. Dr. A. W. Simmons and Elton Watts. Silverton and C. J. Berning, Mt. Angel, all aided in developing the breeding program locally. Manager Bill Williams, Silver ton, said the twenty Oregon as sociations has gained 2.117 cows in 1956 and the Marion county unit, serving Clackamas county cum Jfc- j THURSDAY - DEC. 20 P FASHION MODELING L $ OREGON ROOM, STREET KOOR IV 0 12:15.1:30 P.M. H " I 1 USDA Issues Final Figures On '56 Crops WASHINGTON Ifl The Agrl culture Department, in its final report of the year, Monday esti mated the 1956 wheat crop at 997, 207,000 bushels and the corn crop at 3,451,292.000 bushels. The wheat figure is 21,690,000 bushels more than last mouth's forecast of 975,517,000 bushels. It . compares with last year's newly revised estimate of 934,731,000 bushels and the ten-year (1945 54) average of 1,148,289,000 bush els. The winter wheat crop was put at 734.995,000 bushels compared with 732,946,000 indicated a month ago, last year's revised estimate of 704,793,000 and the 10-year aver age of 873,690,000. The spring wheat crop was esti mated at 262,212,000 bushels com pared with 253,571,000 indicated a month ago, last year's revised estimate of 229,938.000 and the 10 ycar average of 274,599,000. Spring wheat other than durum was put at 222,605,000 bushels compared with 214,457,000 last month, last year's revised esti mate of 210,358,000 and the 10 year average of 243,636,000. The final 1956 estimate, last month's forecast, last year's re vised estimate and the 10-year average, respectively, for other crops included: Oats 1,152.652.000 bushels final; 1,154,595,000 last month: 1.503.074.. 000 last year's revised estimate and 1.327,496,000 for the 10-yrar verage. Barley 372,495,000 bushels; 370, 254,000; 401,225,000 and 278,166, 000. All hay 108,708,000 tons; 110,383,- 000; 12,737,000 and 103,648.000. Dry peas 4,652.000 bags; 4.885, 000 ; 2,525,000 and 3.868.000. Potatoes 243,238,000 bags of 100 pounds; 244,150,000 ; 227,046,000 and 226,300,000. Sugar beets 13,032,000 tons: 12, 962.000; 12,228,000 and 11,167,000. Hops 38,393,000 pounds: 36,961,- 000 ; 36,874,000 and 53,154.000. Apples (commercial; 97,077,000 buslels; 96,145,000; 106,357,000 and 105,920.000. Peaches 68.973.000 bushels: 68. 285.000 ; 51,852,000 and 66,989,000. Pears 31,910,000 bushels; 32,307, 000 ; 29,622.000 am' 30,230.000. Grapes 2.914.0O0 tons; 2.994,000; 2,341,000 and 2,906,000. Cherries 170,000 tons; 171,000; 263.000 and 212,000. Apricots 191,000 tons; 192,000; 281.000 and 215.000. Cranberries 975,000 barrels; 958, 000; 1,026,000 and 903,000. jjGuernseyBody Selects Newell Ben Newell, Marion County Ex tension Agent, was elected secre tary f the Guernsey Breeders as sociation annual meeting in Tilla mook recently. Other officers are Hans Leuth old, Tillamook and grass man of the year for the Northwest; Solon Spencer, Greshman, vice president and Herb Howell, Astoria, treas urer. A resolution asking Governor Elect Holmes to retain James F. Short as director of the State De partment of Agriculture passed unanimously. too. accounted for 1,300 cows of that gain. eonteM. Theirs was Ml per ewe. 'turned by Jan. i. a year 3
