THE CAPITAL JOURNAL, Salem, Oregon
Friday, February 19, 1954
Capital iLJournal
An Independent Newspaper Established 1888
BERNARD MAINWARlNG, Editor and Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday ot 280 North
Church St. Phone 2-2406.
Fill Ltd Hlri Strut t tht AiMrliUi Preii int) Tht, Unl rrtM.
Trtt AMOCitted Preu li exciuilvflf entitled to tht iwt for publlcitloo ol
ftll ntwt dupttrhw crtdiud to It or ottie') credited in this ptT o4
io bcv publUhed therein.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:
r CuiUn Monthlr. tl.JS: i Woothi. ' 0i Om Ttir. I1S.04. Ir Mill b
Otmoo: Uonlhli. IM: fill Monthi. It M: Oil Tr. lt.00. tj Mil OuUkU Otmm:
MonlhlF. II : ail Uontlu I". SO: On Vir. IH.M.
THE PELTON DAM ISSUE
' The U. S. Ninth Court of Appeals at 'San Francisco has
invalidated a federal power commission order by a vote of
2 to 1 which would have permitted Portland General Elec
tric company to build the Pelton hydroelectric dam proj
ect on the Deschutes river in Central Oregon. The appeal
had been filed by the state of Oregon and the state fish
and game commissions.
Oregon and the commissions had objected that the dam
would prevent the ascent of salmon and steelhead trout to
spawning grounds above two dam sites which had been
contemplated in the project.. They said the dams would
seriously curtail the fish population and impair the state's
fish hatchery on the Metolius river above the sites. It
was also claimed that the power company had failed to
obtain permits from the Oregon hydroelectric commission
and had not complied with the Oregon law as to fish in the
Deschutes.
The court held that although the dam was to be built
on federal land, Oregon has the right "to regulate its own
waters in its own chosen way." It held that "Oregon has
complete sovereignty over the waters of the Deschutes
river. This was established by congressional passage of
the desert lands act of 1877." It continued: ,
'Undoubtedly the commission has a legal right to give its approval
to the project as a whole and we do not doubt that it has the right
to grant its permissive license to the construction ot a proposed dam.
"But, the commission has issued no mere permissive license. It has
Issued a license purporting to grant the complete legal right to the con
struction and operation of the whole project. In this, we think, it has
exceeded its legal jurisdiction in that the ownership of the power dam
site does not empower the U. S. government to use the waters of the
Deschutes river cither at the site of the power dam or elsewhere,
contrary to Oregon law It is our opinion that the commission has
trenched upon the sovereignty of the state of Oregon,"
The history of this effort to supply the people of Cen
tral Oregon with power from the Deschutes is too well
known to need repetition. It was universally approved by
the people of the region as a solution to the exising power
shortage and the exhaustive investigation made by the
FPC showed that this portion of the Deschutes never has
been and probably never will be a salmon spawning stream
because of its swiftness in the rocky canyon and never
had a salmon run. In addition the PGE had agreed to
establish costly hatcheries for salmon and trout, and to
landscape the lake formed as a recreation resort.
The opposition was inspired by the political influence
of commercial fishermen who never fish the stream, to
gether with the public power advocates who oppose all
private power development. Probably if the government
had planned to build this comparatively smnll project,
there would have been no opposition. There never has
been to the gigantic projects built by Uncle Sam, which
effectively cut off the ascent or descent of fish at the high
dams.
It is to be hoped that the PGR will appeal the appelate
court's decision to the supreme court and get a final ruling
fettling federal and state rights on our streams. Power
development in the northwest should not be an exclusive
government monopoly controlled by Washington political
bureaucrats at taxpayers' expense. The issue is too vital
for regional development not to be definitely settled and
the federal and state rights issue clearly defined G. P.
FAR EASTERN PEACE CONFERENCE
One thing at least came out of the Berlin conference, a
decision to hold another conference. The sequel is to be
open at Geneva, Switzerland, April 26 on Far Fast prob
lems, including Korea and Indo-China.
Red China is to be invited, as she would have to be.
For Hod China is the chief stumbling block to a .settlement
in both places. The agreement is said to be a personal
triumph for France's Foreign Minister Hidault, who de
nerved one for he stood foursquare with Dulles and Kden
at Berlin, presenting a united front that must have sur
prised and dumfounded Molotov.
For the Geneva conference gives France an opportunity
to end the shooting in Indo-China. which she has been
eagerly looking for for a considerable time. If the l.'.S.
could sign a truce in Korea that stopped the slaughter
ven if it left the issues unsolved, why should not France
make a similar deal? And now France, along with her
western allies, standing firmly united for a change, will
have a chance to try.
Perhaps the prospect is no better than P.erlin offered.
Put Berlin has not been a failure, for this conference
showed clearly who was holding bark a settlement for
Germany and Austria. TV Geneva conference should at
the worst do the same for the Far Fast. And the P.erlin
conference was worth while if only to show the futility of
Winston Churchill's hope that Russian attitudes had
changed.
COMPANY IN OUR MISERY
Newspaper editors should be the last to criticize errors
in other publications, so we shall go particularly easy with
the authors of the new Oregon Blue Book, who seem to
be afflicted with more of 'em than any official publication
in many a year.
The name of a deceased supreme court justice appears
under the picture of his successor, along with the picture
of a deceased circuit judge. Congressman Harris F.lls
Worth will lie interested in learning that he is listed as a
limine rat. Anil a former deputy warden at the peniten
tiary, out since April, is listed as currcnt'.v in office.
The excuse of the new spapers. when they are caught
with a crop of bad ones, is that their job is 'performed in
haste, as it certainly is. This alibi won't do with the Blue
J?ook, whose authors ought to scan their material more
carefully next time.
Meanwhile they did get out a beautiful book which is
a credit to the state.
IMLAH CASE TO BE APPEALED
Many persons throughout Oregon and especially here
In Salem will feci a sense of relief that the Donald Dwaine
Imlah murder case has been appealed without the consent
of the doomed boy and will be heard by the Supreme
Court. This means that the execution will not take place
next Tuesday.
There Is no question whatever of guilt, and no mitigat
ing circumstances in connection with the murder itself
have appeared. But the boy is obviously the product of
a tragic environment, clearly entitle,! ;,i (1ny consideration
the highest court may see fit to give. There is a certain
reluctance to execute boys, no matter what they have
done, and this one was only 18 when he was sentenced.
A Supreme Court review before execution in a capital
oae is never out of order.
r -
f f i. ' '
WASHINGTON MERRY
Jefferson's Writings Banned
From Overseas Libraries
By DREW
WASHINGTON The U.S. Infor-
mation service, believe it or not,
has banned the collected writings
of Thomas Jefferson from over
seas libraries.
Officials are a little red-faced
over the ban and wish they hadn't
gone quite so far in appeasing
Senator McCarthy. Nevertheless,
the book has already been taken
off the shelves of some overseas
libraries. Some, on tlte other
hand, have not removed it.
Iteason for the removal was that
Jefferson's writings were com
piled by Sheldon Foner, who was
on a slate department list of those
who had taken shelter under the
fifth Amendment when quizzed
by a congressional committee. It
has been state department policy
ever since McCarthy raised such
a storm Inst winter to remove
books by congressional witnesses
wiio invoke the fifth Amendment.
and since foner was one of these.
his compilation of Jeffcrsonian
writfcigs got the ax in some librar
ies. Other overseas librarians
with more courage regarding Mc-
Carthyism decided that what Jef
ferson wrote was more important
than who compiled his writings
and kept the book regardless of
the directive from Washington.
Cubinet Lady Guest
After the White House radio
correspondents dinner the other
evening, Commentator Fulton
Lewis threw a gala party at the
Shorbam Hotel attended by vari
ous celebrities, most of them men.
Invited, however, was the one
lady of tht cabinet Mrs. Ovela
Culp Hobby, secretary of health.
education and welfare. Mrs.
Hobby is a lady with a fine back
ground of public service, having
been head of the WAC during the
war. also publisher of the Hous
ton Post. Despite tbe years, how
ever. Mrs. Hobby is a lady of
great charm, and on this particu
lar evening she looked positively
ravishing.
Appearing at the threshhold of
the Fulton Lewis party, she gazed
at the crush of male guests and
hesitated.
"I'm afraid I've come to the
wrong place," she murmured.
"Not at Jl, nut at all.' assured
Mr. Lewis in his most expansive
mood. "These nien need some
one like you to lone up the party.
Come right in."
The one lady member of the
cabinet still hesitated.
nut utter lurtlier assurance
from commentator Lewis, she fi- i
nally entered, t.iok off her wrap
anil prepared to meet with guests.
"Now. let mi see. dear," said
host lewis, "What did you say
mir name was?"
A Mrs. Hobby told him, Ful
ton literally fell on his knees.
To slip up on a male mrmher
C the c.ihinrt Is not usually
done in Washington, but to slip
up mi the only lady member,
said Mr. Lewis with conviction
is unforgivable.
Competitive llond llnsinrss
Its been obscured by news of
butter. Brickr and Berlin, but
the Securities and Exchange
Commission, charged with polic
ing Wall Street, appears on the
verge of junking a regulation that
has saved American cousumers
and investors millions.
It is rule U-50 which requires
investment bankers to compete
against rach other in bidding for
thr bonds of publie utilities.
Prior to 1I41, big investment i
houses iliwdcd up the utility
bond business among themselves.
Many boards if directors of in
vestment houses had tie ins with
utility boards nf directors, so a
bond Issue was floated by d-
MOLOTOV
- GO - ROUND
PEARSON
vance secret agreement rather
than by competitive bidding. This
meant that the price to the util
ities was high. In fact, during
the five years from 1369-1941,
the utilities paid an average af
$20 in commissions, discouts,
etc., for every thousand dollars
they borrowed.
After 1941 when Hule U-50
went into effect, however, the
utilities paid an average of $6.58
for every thousand dollars they
borrowed.
This saving also meant reduced
rates for consumers, since elec
tricity, gas, rail rates and other
public-service rates are based on
over-all costs. And the cost of
floating bond issues is invcri
ably passed on to the consumer
public.
However, the vigorous opposi
tion nf Robert ji. Young, thtn of
the Chcsapeak and Ohio Rail
road, together vith Cyrus Eaton,
the Cleveland banker, helped
change the noncompetitive flota
tion of utility stocks and bonds.
and Rule U-50 wa: apodtcd.
Mellon Lawyer '
Today, however, I quiet drive
is under wcy to kill competitive
bidding. Spearheading the drive
is the new republic She chair
man, Ralph II. Demmler, former
law partner of Sen. Dave Heed
of Pittsburgh, personal attorney
for the late Andrew Mellon.
Demmler formerly represented
the Mellon Securities Corpora
tion and helped arrange one of
the biggest banking mergers of
recent years that between Mel
(Continued on Page 3)
OPEN FORUM
Salem's Clubs Should
Have a Meeting Place
Dear Editor:
To the garden flubs council
meeting held last Monday eve
ning at the Y were invited all
the other educational, art clubs,
such as painting, ceramics, weav
ing, etc.
We found them just as eager
to have an educational art cen
ter as the garden clubs, where
we could hold our monthly meet
ings and store our libraries and
necessary equipment. When we
saw their sincere interest and
willingness to aid In acquiring
such a center the council voted
to accept them as members of the , t
council. j This state of mind is certain-
I wish it were possible to im- ly unworthy of our hold and
press the general public with the ingenious Oregon people,
importance to the general wcl-i The most amazing talk was
fare of our community S.ilem 1 the attack on several of our
and its countrysideof these ed-1 state legislators on the rrmark
uratinnal clubs. If it had not been i able theory that thry arc anti
lor the interest and advocacy of labor, even though this state
the tax bv the garden clubs, Sa- mcnl is ridiculous. His remedy
lem would not now have a two ' novel ss it is dangerous,
mill Lit for the imnrnvrment of Th" ' n Mo to many of
our parks.
Thousands of Salem homes are
now nicely landscaped because
friendly garden club member,
neichhor encouracrd them to do
it and told them how. I doubt if
there Is another city in Oregon
with a greater percentage of
nicely kept up yards. Only this
winter a small community store
keeper told me how he had
worked up a good plant sale busi
ness by beautifying his own yard
and getting his neighbors inter
ested in doing the same.
Hi re is hoping tbe park board
anil eitv council fully realize the
great value these educational
clubs are to the city. If the city i
would go all out to build home i
for these clubs thr park board
would only have to make known
College Teacher
Tenure Problem
Grants Pass Courier
The columnist, Leonard Lyons,
recently raised an interesting
question: "Should teacher tenure
protect the position of a college
instructor who insists on impart
ing to his students las facts pro
positions that are generally
known not to be true?
The columnist quoted a tele
vision statement of Norman
Ramsey, Harvard physicist, that
an instructor "has a right to be
wrong" as long as others at the
institution of learning are teach
ing the opposite theory.
Ramsey was defending the re
tention of Dr. Wendell furry oh
Harvard' staff after the instruc
tor had taken refuge behind the
Fitth amendment in refusing to
answer a Congressional commit
ttee's question about subversive
activities.
Ramsey was asked if he believ
ed a tenure instructor should he
retained even though he sought
to teach his students that the
world is flat. ,
Ramsey had this glib reply:
"Once there was only one man
who taught that the world was
round: suppose he had been
fired?"
All of which, of course, is beg
ging the question. A teacher may
speculate about unknown facts,
of course, as long as he makes it
clear that he is engaging in pure
speculation.
When, however, a fact has been
established, a teacher who still in
sists on teaching the opposite
should be fired tenure or no ten
ure. Schools are not maintained, nor
do parents send their children to
them, to be made dupes.
their needs to the clubs to get
them to grow tens of thousands
nf plants to help beautify the
parks.
X. M. rETTYCREW,
102B S. 12th St.
Prophets of Doom at
Salem Gathering Hit
To the Editor:
Many Oregon voters got apene
trating insight into current poli
tics at a meeting held in Salem
last week when the speaker, or
prophet of doom, spoke of long
lines of red ink in business, long
lines of unemployed in labor and
appalling human miserv and
i seemed to be onlv biding his
ime till the crash comes.
our c-iiizens mai recarniess ol
these legislators' contribution to
good, sound and honrst govern
ment and no matter how well
they have discharged their re
sponsibilities they should he
eliminated.
.Most of us. who know the
character of our people, have a
special reason to be optimistic.
We live in the greatest state in
the Union with the best educated
electorate and a group of state
officials today who work in the
public interest and not a favor
ed few. As long as we have our
rare typo of press that we have
-it has been said thev will
warn us to which wav the cat
will jump nd the public will
nlwsys t-'-r c re ' tHn rit.
HENRY HOVC!',
liuut , daicui, ore.
Subsidizing of.
Over-Production
By RAYMOND MOLEY
Over and over in the past few
years internationalists in . the
State Department, in happy col
laboration with like-minded of
ficials in foreign governments
and in the United Nations, have
forwarded a movement to create
international commodity agree
ments. Such agreements, re
duced to their bare essentials,
mean controls thrust into our
domestice economy and immense
outlays by our government for
the building up of what are
called "buffer stocks' 'of raw
materials. Om. need only exam
ine such documents as Havana
Charter, the so-called "Green
Book" of the Mutual Security
Agency, the record of the In
ternationjl Materials Conference,
and more recent Palcy Report to
see the pattern of economic in
ternationalism. The $600,000,000 wheat Agree
ment, now condemned by the
Randall Commission, is an ex
ample of the perfected work of
such a project.
The story of an attempt to en
gineer a similar rubber agree
ment is tn example of an effort
that so far has failed.
For three years there have
been conferences at an inter
national -evel concerning the
creation of an international rub
ber cartel a . buffer stock
scheme designed to raise the
price of crude rubber.
Representatives of the great
producing and consuming coun
tries in this case the British,
United States, and Netherlands
governments set up an Interna
tional Rubber Study Group to dis
cuss rubber problems and to
keep the world rubber situation
under continuous review. An
nual meetings were held.
In May, 1953, the management
committee gathered in Copen
hagen for the purpose of "se
curing accord on the outstand
ing points in the draft buffer
stock agreement." Most recent
ly, the committee met in Lon
don, in October, and its find
ings and a draft agreement were
forwarded to member govern
ments.
The buffer stock idea would
be self-defeating. Trends in In
donesia and Malaya already have
demonstrated how even antici
pation by these countries of U.
S. Participation in such a plan
increases production. There is
little doubt that such a plan,
by raising the price of crude
rubber, would further stimulate
both crude rubber and synthetic
rubber production. This would
require addition of ever-growing
surpluses to the buffer stock
until the United States would
be groaning under a monumen
tal burden. The cost to the
American taxpayers might dwarf
even the International Wheat
Agreement.
In May, 1953, the Rubber Study
Group thought that natural rub
ber would ?nt-" !954 under the
weight of a surplus of nearly
200,000 tons, "resent estimates
are more encouraging, however.
World production fell off slightly
while consumption rose and
American strategic purchases
continued.
Fort-inMely, a President's
commission has finally put a
stamp of disapproval on this
plan. The Randall Report states
that extensive resort to commod
ity agreements will not solve the
problem of price instability and
that SEch agreements introduce
restraints that impair "the clas-
i
'
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Mary Pickford, at 60, Desires
To Make One More Movie
By HAL
NEW YORK (AP) "Sure, the
Irish drank goafs milk," said
Marv Pickford. "That's how I
have my vitality because my an
ccstors drank goat's milk."
At 60. "America's Sweetheart"
of yesterday still retains the sim
ple charm that once made her
the movie favorite of millions.
"I'm the busiest-woman in Bev-
ery Hills or any other hill, she
said, smiling, as we sat in the liv
ing room of her hotel suite.
"I have a big house to look af
ter, and my husband, Buddy Ro
gers, and my business interests
Salem 63 Years Ago
By BEN MAXWELL
. February 19, 1891
Oregon Pacific railroad had
a 90 foot scow, 324 feet wide,
under construction' at Corvallis
that had been designed as a float
ing warehonse for Salem. A roof-,
ed structure 70 feet in length
had been considered as a suit
able deck house.
Mother Goose hats Something
entirely new for the ladies
were now available at Calverts.
A damage suit for $21,000 aris
ing out of injuries and losses suf
fered in the Lake Labish train
wreck, had been filed against
the railroad company.
A band of gypsies had camped
in Polk county near West Salem.
Their presence there had inspir
ed the Capital Journal to com
ment: They are more cunning
than wise and should he com
pelled to stay on the other side
of the river."
Odell typewriter with 78 char
acters had a price of $20 and a
Capital Journal advertisement de
clared it produced a sharp, clean
and legible manuscript
Hellenbrand's Eating Parlor
and Candy Manufactory, 295
Commercial .street, advertised
this bill of fare for 63 years ago:
Coffee, tea, chocolate and cake,
10c; mush and milk, 10c; plate of
soup, 10c; beefsteak and eggs,
25c; 'cnison and eggs, 25c; saus
age and eggs, 25c; ham and eggs,
25c; fresh oysters, any style, 25c;
porterhouse steak and eggs, 50s.
THREE ROUSING CHEERS
New York Daily News
Three rousing cheers and a
British tiger, cry we, for Charlie
Chaplin's decision never to re
visit the United States and for his
wife's Onna's dropping of her
American citizenship to become a
British subject. In Onna's case,
Britain's loss is our gain; and
as for Commie-kissing Charlie,
we can't remember a parting that
was a sweater sorrow than this.
ticity of economic adjustment
and the freedom of individual
initiative, . which are fundamen
tal to economic progress."
The British weekly "Econom
ist" commcntc ' shortly after the
report's publication that "This
year the natural rubber, indus
try must work its own passage,
since the Ram all Commission's
objections to commodity agree
ments have killed any lingering
hopes of stabilizing the price by
an international buffer stock
scheme."
BORN OF EXPERIENCE
BORN OF TRADITION
RICH IN SERVICE
all unhurried, and with
deepest understanding
Funeral Service Since 1878
Wn J-1J9 Church at ferry
ULIM. OftEGON
BOYLE
and the children, Ronnie nd
Roxie.
"Roxie will soon be 12, but
she's already four Inches taller
than I am. She's horse crazy. But
I'd rather look forward to her be
ing horse crazy than boy crazy."
Mary also is active in half a
dozen philanthropic and charitable
enterprises. She recently complet
ed her memoirs for McCalPs mag
azine, and said she would like
after 20 years away from tht
screen to return in one last film.
"It would be the story of my
mother's life," she said, "and end
on that day in 1909 when 1 walked
into the old Biograph Studio and
got my first movie job."
Mary rose from $40 to $10,000 a
week in a few years, and piled up
millions later producing her own
films. This girl with the haunting
face of a golden angel also had a
cashbox mind.
"But I dislike business heart
ily," she said. "A lot of career
women may not agree with me,
but I don't think business is a
woman's world."
Her long Cinderella story has
had many bittersweet hours. Mary
said she had enjoyed so many
happy moments in her life she
didn't know which to name first.
"But there is no doubt about
my most miserable moment," she
said, it was the moment my
mother passed on in 1928."
Here is Mary Pickford looking
back at her life a reverie aloud:
"The greatest picture ever
made? My choice would be 'Gone
With the Wind.' Of my own pic
tures, I still like 'Tess of the Storm
Country' best. I made it twice
in 1914 and 1922.
"The greatest geniuses of the
motion picture have been Charlie
Chaplin and Walt Disney. After
them: D. W. Griffith and Irving
Thalberg. Irving had a bad heart.
Ho walked with death at his back.
He knew he had not time to waste
on trivial things, or things half
done. He died young.
"I made 50-odd feature pictures.
. . . We do look ridiculous in them
today . . . And sometimes I feel
like destroying my old films . . .
Those awful clothes we used to
wear . . .
"They can't compare with the
pictures now, of course . . . But
silent pictures did speak 3 univer
sal language ... I thirk we go
in for too many sound effects now.
. . . The great ones avoid super
fluous gestures and superfluous
found ... But the great ones are
all too few . . .
"They say the pioneers cut down
the forests and made the roads
and take the chances . . . And
then the gamblers come along and
make the money . . .
"Chance plays so important a
part in an actor's life ... He needs
that lucky break in life more than
a writer does, or a producer, or a
director . . .
"You know, in all of us arc two
people . . . I've always been un
predictable, even to myself . . .
Nothing really pleases me that I
do . . . My real fear is to be left
alone in the world . . . Most of my
people have passed on . . . Most
elderly people are passed by . . ,
That frightens me . . .
"But when the Lord loves you,
He gives you an insight ... an un
derstanding." And Mary, whose golden curls
arc only a memory, looked up with
her sweetheart smile nf long ago.
r
vidCo.