Page f
THE CAPITAL JOURNAL, Salem, Oregon
Tuesday, January 19, 1954
Capital AJournal
An Independent Newspaper Established ) 888
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor ond Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday ot 280 North
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ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY AT LAST?
The present session of congress may see enactment of
legislation for U.S. participation in the long deferred St.
Lawrence seaway, which President Eisenhower favors, as
has each president for 30 years and each Republican candi
date for president during the new deal era.
It is planned to widen and deepen the St. Lawrence along
Us entire 1185 miles from Lake Ontario to the Atlantic
ocean to a minimum depth of 27 feet which would enable
three-fourths of America's merchant ships to use it. The
river is an international boundary for only 114 of these
miles. Our participation in the project would be confined
to this stretch.
If our congress ratifies and votes the funds we will help
deepen the channel in the 114 miles and build three locks
and guard gates. Our share is estimated at $88,000,000
against Canada's share of 175,00O,OO0.
The project is brought into sharp focus right now be
cause Canada has served notice that she plans to go ahead
anyway, regardless of U.S. attitude. Then why not let
Canada build it? National pride for one thing, lhe U.b.
does not like to be a piker. And there's a tangible reason.
The project is expected to be a money maker. Tolls will
bo levied on ships using the seaway, and three-fourths of
these will be American.
Why should the seaway be built? In order to reduce
ehipping costs between the Mississippi valley and Europe.
Ocean freights are much cheaper than land freights. If
ocean ships can come into the Great Lakes ports to load,
transport costs to and from foreign ports will be substan
tially reduced, with a large saving to all midwest producers
lor export, consumers oi importeu gooas win ocnent, xoo.
There is a further argument for the project. It is- a de
fense measure. The ocean route between the U.S. and
Europe will be reduced 1000 amies for St. Lawrence route
shipping. This would reduce submarine losses in the
event of another world war, and it would reduce the bur
den on our railroads between the midwest and our east
coast.
But here is one of the chief sources of objection. The
railroads don't want their "burdens" reduced in peacetime.
They stand to lose heavily in traffic if the seaway is built,
and so will the coal mine owners and miners who supply
the railroads with their coal. East U.S. coast ports stand
to lose heavily in traffic if this is rerouted via tre bt. Law
rence, so they too, are fighting the project.
A further objection is that the St. Lawrence is frozen
four months out of the year and that the biggest ships
cannot use the seaway without a heavy additional invest
ment not contemplated now. But the Great Lakes are nho
frozen in winter, yet carry millions of tons of freight. The
Soo canal carries more tonnage than any other canal in the
world.
It seems to us the prospective benefits to the country
amply justify the seaway project and that congress ough.t
to authorize it at this session, in the event of another
war, which cannot be left out of our calculations, it would
be immensely valuable.
FINAL AUTHORITY
Pmm : -emm.
K I We'll HAVE TO TAKE j
J JS I 's up with the ft
J7 mfi I 0NE who DECIDED I
T j
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Air Force Is Going .to Get
A Closer Up Peep at Mars
THE HIGH PRICE OF COFFEE
Mrs. Leonor Kretzcr Sullivan, democratic congress
woman from Missouri, has given both the Eisenhower ad
ministration and congress something to think about by de
manding an investigation of the sudden hike in the price
of coffee, which she properly attributed to profiteering
and speculation.
She declared that rising coffee prices have caused the
price of a cup of coffee to jump to 15 cents in St. Louis
and other cities, and the price of a pound to climb in a
brief period to $1.10 and higher.
Mrs. Sullivan styling herself a typical "harassed house
wife," described as an attractive brunette, said the high
prices of coffee are making coffee a luxury beyond thee
reach of the man in the street or the woman in the kitchen
and "that is almost un-American."
She told congress to forget a minute about the Big Four,
atoms, deficits and budget "but for goodness sake do some
thing about the 15-cent cup of coffee." She continued:
"If this Rouging were occurring in copper or manganese. I'm sure
the government would be showing sonic interest and some concern and
undoubtedly be getting helpful results. Hut as far as 1 can sec. it is
looking wjth resignation or unconcern on the holdup of (he American
consumer and housewife on skyrocketing coffee prices."
The indignant conpresswoman read a letter she had
written to Secretary of State Dulles, who deals with coun
tries in South and Central America which supply coffee,
which reads :
"Has your department made any effort to reach acreement with
the coffee-supplying nations to assure an adequate supply of the re
duced coffee production for our needs? Have vou initiated any con
versations toward assuring this supply at fair prices'
"In other words, Mr. Secretary, vthat is our government doing, and
also, what can it do under present authority, to arrange with the
c-iffee produnng nations for fairer marketing'of coffee in the I'nited
States?
"I know every American housewife would be interested in your an
iwers. ' ,
Mrs. Sullivan added that this is the kind of issue the 40
million American families "wish you would get busy on
right away."
In the "good old days" when Wall Street speculators had
their heyday, "corners" in toffee, wheat and other staples
were frequent nnd made millionaires of a day but we
thought that the era of moguls had passed, but evidently
not.
Who says that wc don't need women in congress? (I. P.
WASHINGTON It isn't being
advertised, but the air force will
send high-flying observation
planes and guided missiles into
the upper atmosphere for a closer
look at the planet Mars in June
when Mars will approach nearer
to the earth than at any time in
the last 13 years.
Flying-saucer enthusiasts claim
that the elusive saucers have al
ways been spotted in greater
numbers when Mars is close to
lhe earth. The air force is skep
tical about this, since no evidence
has been uncovered linking flying
saucers with other planets.
However, astronomers have
noticed straight lines across the
face of Mars, leading down from
the Polar caps. These could be
canals, dug by intelligent beings
to carry irrigation water from
the melting glaciers to warmer
regions, they admit.
In any case, the air force will
cooperate with scientists by send
ing up observation planes and
guided missiles for a closer look,
while Mars is near the earth this
spring. The missiles will be
equipped with special instruments
trained on Mars, and will be shot
inlo the stratosphere. In addi
tion, a scientific expedoition will
journey to Bloomfontcin, South
Africa, which will be the closest
point on earth from which to
observe our neighbor planet.
Meanwhile, the air force has
ompiled a special report, as yet
unpublished, summing up its
findings on flying saucers. This
acknowledges that 20 per cent
of the flying-saucer reports "can
not be definitely associated with
familiar things.
The difficulty in evaluating
these unexplained reports,' ac
cording to the air force document,
"is based largely upon the in
sufficiency of accurate basic data
such as size, shape, composition,
and flight
objects . .
The maionty of reports of
aerial phenomena have come
from civilians." continued the
document. "About 8 per cent
come Irom civil airlines puois,
By DREW PEARSON
Ike vs. FEPC
Negro leaders came away from
a White House meeting the other
day disappointed in the presi
dent's stand on fair employment,
but convinced of one thing
there is no intolerance in Ike.
"Segregation and discrimina
tion because of race or color has
no place in a free country," Ike
declared firmly. "I will do all in
my power as president to get
rid of it."
However, the president refused
to go along with his visitors, rep
resenting the national associa
tion for the advancement of
colored people, on dealing with
unfair employment practices
They contended that the only
way to combat race discrimina
tion in employment is to have a
law on the books, such as the fair
employment practices act, pro
tecting workers against intolerant
employers.
"That's where we disagree.
though I will go along with you
that there are biased employers
in this country," replied Eisen
hower. "While I don't approve
of these people, neither do I ap
prove of using any sort of com
pulsion on anyone regarding em
ployment in a place of business.
I also have doubts about the
jurisdiction of a federal KEPC
commission in the various states
under our constitution."
The president dcmonstraled
that he is making a real effort
to keep abreast of racial intoler
ance in government projects.
When NAACP director Walter
White told him that slum clear
ance in some areas meant that
Negroes were moved out but
couldn't move hack after new
housing was provided, Ike seemed
to know about ia.
"I know there has been some
discrimination in that matter, and
I have talked it over with hou-
characteristics ot thejing officials," he agreed earnest
ly. "I think anything iikc mat is
intolerable. I can assure you
that something will be done about
it. Under no circumstances
should federal assistance be given
to anything to promote scgrega-
Noted Speaker
Coming to Salem
Corvallls Gazette-Times
As this is written the snows cover
the ground and roads are slippery.
However, if thir.gs look better by
Wedneday and you are interested
in international politics, a trip to
Salem would be worth your while.
The Corvallls Institute on the Far
East is co-sponsoring, along with a
similar group in Salem, a talk by
Mrs. Oswald B. Lord. Mrs. Lord is
at the present time the United
States Representative on the United
Nations Commission on Human
Rights.
Mrs. Lord was named a member
of the United States Committee for
UNICEF in 1947 and until the pres
ent lime she has served as Chair
man of this Committee. During this
period she acted as a consultant to
the Assistant Secretary of State for
United Nations Affairs on matters
relevant to the Fund. In 1948, Mrs.
Lord was sent by the U.N. on a
iour of Western and Eastern Eu
rope to study the work that was be
ing done by the various countries
she visited in the field of child
welfare, including the feeding pro
grams administered by U.NICEF
and the health programs conducted
with the cooperation of the WHO.
She also visited Lalin America, to
discuss the administration of UNI
CEF programs with eovcrnment of.
! ficials and to survey their local
child welfare programs.
The subject of her talk in Salem,
which Is to be held in Willamette
University's Waller Hall at A p.m.,
will be the Covenant of Human
rights.
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Oldest Senator Has Trouble
Finding Tennis Opponents
THE TWO-HEADED BABY
When it was announced five weeks ago that a two
headed baby had been born at Indianapolis most new spaper
readers who gave the mailer any thought at all probably
assumed that it would die within a matter of days nnd
could soon be forgotten.
However, this did not happen. The infant, normal be
low the waist, but with two heads and four arms, has been
taken home by its parents. There is no indication that
its chances of survival aren't just as good as nny normal
infant of five weeks age, and these are excellent.
Wouldn't death have been a blessing to all concerned?
To the parents, to the child itself, which can never have a
normal me, out is doomed to be a lreak, possibly a side
fhow attraction some time?
The voice of reason says yes. but another voice says
this, too, is an immortal soul with the same right to life
as any other. It would be interesting if one could know
the feelings of the parents, but perhaps they too, are con
fused and bewildered by a situation that would develop
but once in many millions of times.
while approximately 25 per cent i gation."
iarc reported by military person- However, the president seemed
nel. Reports have been received surprised to learn tnat seureqa
also from highly qualified sci-;tiii was still practiced in intcr
entists." state travel despite a supreme
The air force adds that it "has court decision outlawing it. In
received many reports of unusual ! formed that a colored air force
images of radarscopes." but ' lieutenant recently was jailed in
points out that "it is fairly well Florida because he would not
establsihed that some of these! give up his scat on an Alabama-
images are ground objects re
flected from a layer of warm
air above the earth.
"No orders have been issued
by the air defense command to
its fighter units to fire on un
identified aerial phenomena,"
states the flyins-saucer report
"The air defense command Is
charged with air defense of the
United Slates, and its mission is
to attack anything airhorne which
is known or appears to be hos
tile. This should not be inter
preted to mean that our pilots
will fire haphazardly on anything
that flies."
In an attempt to photograph a
a flying saucer, the air force
will set up diffraction-grating
cameras at various air towers and
also use "a continuously operating
Schmidt telescope equipped with
a camera. This telescope has a
wide aperture lens and is capa
ble of covering a cone of 150
degrees or nearly the whole sky
from horizon to horion. This
equipment will make it possible
to get on series of photographic
plates i complete record of what
happens in the sky at night."
bound bus. Ike became incensed.
"That's hard to believe." he re
acted. "That was a case of in
terstate travel where the federal
government has jurisdiction. I'll
see to it that a complete Investi
gation is made of that case."
FRKNCII HRINK TWELVE
CAI.LONS ALCOHOL A VEAH
PARIS. France U Tl-The Na
tional Economic Council was
shocked today by a doc'or's charae
that the average Frenchman drinks
nearly 12 gallons of pure alcohol
a year.
Dr. Ktienne May suggested that
more cold water be made avail
able and that no liquor be sold
to minors before 10 in the morning.
Salem 37 Years Ago
By BEN MAXWELL
January 19, 1317
Russians declared thev had
I taken 42.000 German prisoners
during the war.
j A gigantic merger of Pacific
Coast steamship interests, includ
i ing Pacific Steamship and Alaska
. Steamship companies, had stirred
i shipping and financial interests
; in San Francisco.
Portland Reavers were to get
, their spring training in Honolulu.
I Judge W. W. Mci'rcdic had an
nounced. Salem markets had a price of
32 cents a dogen for cqgs on a
cash basis, 35 cents in trade.
Ward K. Richardson had sauer
kraut for sale, made of solid
white rabhage and of fine flavor,
for 35 cents a gallon delivered.
Miss Alma Ashley, second as
sistant S;ilcm public librarian,
had been assigned to Salem high
school library until the new
school librarian arrived here.
Willamette river had dropped
to 2 7 feet above low water due to
brk of January r.iins.
Old Willamete vallrv loll road
leading from Lebanon across the
Cascades had been reported im-
pissahle for auto travel.
Veterans of the Mexican cx
peditinn in lflfi had met to per
fect a local organization.
NO FAITH IN" SIGNS
I'lTTSiURGH, IT-Police I t
Paul Dutfy, who ncer has put
much faith in sipns, saw one on
a house yesterday reading'
"Notice. No numbers writing in
this house. Order of the owner."
He walked inside and arrested
Dorothy Harris busy selling num
bers slips.
rOOR Gl ESSEItS
I TOKYO IT - A department
store here otierod a prize (A the
customer who could guess the cor
rect time it would take for an
elephant to climb three flights of
stairs.
The estimates rar.ged from 30
minutes up.
A borrowed circus elephant
made it in one minute and seven
i seconds.
By HAL
WASHINGTON Wl - Anybody for
tennis?
Well, Theodore Francis Green of
Rhode Island is. At 86, Green, the
oldest U.S. senator, says tennis is
still his best sport and he prefers
to play singles.
''But it is hard to find a good
opponent," he complained mildly.
"I got out on the court only once
last year."
The senator hates to miss his
tennis because, that leaves him
only one other athletic exercise
swimming.' "I have given up high diving and
wrestling, which was my second
favorite sport," he said, "and I
just never seem to find the time
to go mountain climbing any more.
"I'm interested in too many
things that's my trouble. I like
to wander in so many alleys of
life. I feel I ought to read this,
or do that. I'm curious about
everything. I don't know whether
it's a good habit or a bad one."
Green, a gray-mustaohed little
man with the spirit of a thrifty
cricket, is in many ways the most
unusual member of the senate.
Descendant of a three-centuries-old
New England Yankee family, he
is a new deal democrat, a bache
lor, and one of the five wealthiest
senators. Yet he walks 2'i miles
to his office every morning, and
usually takes a bus or trolley car
home.
Few men in congress can match
his active social life "I rarely
dine alone" and few have travel
ed abroad more widely on official
missions. A younger congressman
who made one trip with him said:
"He wears us out. He's up
early and late and always as
fresh as a daisy."
Green, who recently returned
from visiting 13 South American
countries, likes to eat native
dishes wherever he goes.
"I love to meet people and
get to know them," he said, "and
the best way to get people to
accept you as one of them is to
follow their customs."
The senator, who began his
career here in his 70th year,
rarely makes speeches, but is
meticulously busy in committee
BOYLE
activities, where the real work
of Congress is done.
"The senate is his life," said
Sen. Lyndon Johnson of Texas,
Democratic leader. "He is one
of the wisest men here, and wc
all learn from him. He is very
gentle in his manner, but very
firm of principle. When it is
time for a position to be taken,
you won't find Sen. Green head
ing for the door. And you never
have any trouble locating him
if a close vote is coming up.
"He is younger than many a
man of 60."
Green feels that one way to
retain a youthful outlook is to
have both an indoor hobby and
an outdoor hobby.
"My present indoor hobby
my latest and last love is Chi
nese paintings," he said. "But I
have collected things all my life,
from stamps and shells and sea
weeds to etchings and books on
Rhode Island history."
Interesting items in his past
collections: A piece of the At-
lanlie eahle 9 bottle of Water
from the river Jordan, and a
glove he wore as a boy when he
shook hands with President
Rutherford B. Hayes.
"Unfortunately. I shook hands
with Hayes with my right hand
hit! fnnnH Liter I had saved the
left hand glove," he said. "It
seemed quite a tragedy to me
when I first discovered my mis
takebut 1 nave gotten over it.
President Hayes died in 1893.
Sen Green, who nnec taught
Roman law at Brown University,
has a long view of history and
is optimistic aDout tnc liuure.
"There is a threat to tne worm
In (ho ennfliet between liberal
and reactionary forces," he said,
"but I think the noerai lorccs
'will prevail.
"Things may not be as effi
cient in some ways under a de
mocracy as under another form
of government, but the people
Cheap, Even a!4c
R.-iker Democrat-Herald
Judging by the nature of the con
gressional applause and niter com
ment, there appears to be a cer
tain coolness toward President
Eisenhower's recommendation that
ordinary letter postage be raised
from three, to four cents. Yet
there appears to be no reason why
letters should be carried at in
creasingly less cost to the writer.
Considering the changes in the
vninp or monev and orices gener
ally, a letter carried for two cents
in 1900 should now require five to
seven cents at the same rate. Fur
thermore, Uie writer now gels far
better and faster service, with de
livery usually right at his door.
The huge and unprecedented def
icit in the postal budget contributes
to the difficulty of baalncing the
general Federal budget. It need
not do this, at least not to the ex
tent of half a billion dollars. Letter
postage could be raised to four
cents with the public still getting
more for their money than in tlia
past.
MALE DIGNITY PRESERVED
WINCHESTER, Mass., (fP)
Boys in a third-grade painting
class at Mystic Public School ob
jected to wearing smocks because
"We don't want to look like sis
sies." Their teachers encouraged
the boys to wear "one of Daddy'
old shirts."
pre happier. And that's the test
The world is progressing. It is
a wonderful thing merely to be
alive in it and to have a chance
to help make it better."
The senator takes with wry
wry aplomb his reputation of
still being one of the capital's
most eligible bachelors.
"Is it because of my sweet
disposition," he asked with a
crooked grin, "or because I could
pay a wifes hills?"
DOCTORS
aeJi.m" I KlNLJ W
: FOR CHIlbBlNj , right
fun sninnii
State of Oregon
Used Auto Sale
Selling to HIGHEST Sealed
Bidders. Public and Deal
ers invited to inspect autos
and secure bid forms daily at
HANK'S PARKING LOT,
145 S. Church St., Salem,
Ore. Bids will be opened at
2 p.m., Jan. 21, 1954, by
Dept. of Finance and Ad
ministration, Km. 317, State
Capitol Bldg., Salem, Ore.
Bids may be submitted for
one or more autos.
I A
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