Pag 4
THE CAPITAL JOURNAL, Salem, Oreroa
Tuesday, December 1, 1958
Capital AJournal
An Independent Newipopar Ettoblithad 1 888
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor and Publisher
GuCRGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday ot 444 Che
meketa St., Solera Phones: Business, Newsroom, Want
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409
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ICKES KEPT A DIARY
Great men leave a great many things behind them to
remind us, as Longfellow once observed. They leave migh
ty deeds of valor, sometimes colossal blunders to burden
those who come after them.- And sometimes, Cod bless
'em, they leave frank, uninhibited diaries to show us what
they really thought of the passing scene and the chief
actors in it.
Dour old Harold Ickes, who blasted the Republicans
publicly Willkie was the "barefoot boy of Wall street,"
Dewey the diaper candidate (Tom was young then)
was equally caustic about his fellow fair dealers. Only
he put those thoughts down In his diary, part of which
has now been published with the consent of his young
second wife, now his widow. From what has already come
out it should be a best seller, and maybe a Republican
campaign handbook. .
' Ickes reveals for the first time that he nursed presi
dential ambitions. He would like to have run against
Roosevelt in 1936 when Landon actually did, and thought
he had enough ammunition to beat him. He d like to have
been the Democratic candidate in 1940, evidently not ex
pectin? the third term candidacy.
Ickes was not too great an admirer of his chief, for he
wrote: "It is pretty tough when members of his own
(Roosevelt's) official family feel that his word cannot be
relied on.
Of Eleanor Roosevelt, he quoted her husband aa say
ing: "My missus, unlike most women, hasn't any sense
about money at all," He quotes Mrs. Roosevelt as saying
she had to assume all the unpleasant family duties be
cause her husband was too tenderhearted to tell anyone
anything unpleasant.
i Of James Farley: "He carries no conviction because
people know he hasn t any settled views on any subject
and no background against which to set up any views if
ne am nave uiem.
Of Frances Perkins, the labor secretary: "She talks in
perfect torrent, almost without pausing to take breath."
Of Henry Morgenthau: "Childish," vaccilating," stu
pid." Of Harry Hopkins: His W. P. A. was full of "bumbl
Ings and grafting." The taxpayers' millions were "poured
down the Hopkins rathole."
Of General Douglas Mac Arthur: "The type of man who
thinks that when he gets to heaven. God will step down
from the great white throne and bow him into his vacated
Beat."
Extremely readable stuff, what the old man really
thought, and like as not uncomfortably close to the truth
In a great many cases. Ickes was one of the most remark
able men ever to sit in any cabinet, and his fame will lose
nothing from this revelation of his innermost thoughts.
Some of the diary is still unpublished, out of respect
to the feelings of living persons. So evidently there is
more to come when the public has digested this big bite.
WATER FLUORIDATION BENEFICIAL
' The Oregon Stat Board of Health has just made public
a report on the fluoridation of public water supplies
showing that it has reduced from 25 to 81 percent the
number of decayed permanent teeth in children in certain
areas in which it is utilized.
The report was based on studies conducted over more
than eight years in Grand Rapids, Michigan, by the Na
tional Institution of Dental Research. It states:
: Results at the end of eight years show an 80.7 percent
reduction in number of decayed permanent teeth among
6-year-olds; 70.8 percent decrease among 6-year-olds; 62
percent drop among 7-year-olds and 49.2 percent among
8-year-olds. There waa a 26 percent decrease among 16-year-olds.
,
Dr. Harold M. Erickson, state health officer, reported:
"We originally thought drinking fluordlated wUr would
have very little protective effect among ptraoua whose per
manent teeth were ilretdy formed. Thl showing among the
16-year-old Michigan children proves fluoridation is of real
benefit even after childhood's early yean."
The teeth of Grand Rapids children were examined
prior to the start of that eity's fluoridation program in
1945 and have been examined yearly since then by the
same team of specialists from the National Institute of
Dental Research.
Dr. Erickson states that reports show that one out
of every ten Americans is now benefiting from fluori
dated public water supply and counting all sources, such
as natural fluoridation of the water used, that one Ameri
can out of four drinks water containing some fluorides.
He discloses that:
A of November 15, 838 eommunitlei In this country, con
taining 13,914,227 persons, have fluorides added to their water
supply. Another 36S communities, of 14,749,994 persons, have
approved fluoridation.
Eight Oregon communities, of 81.564 persons, add fluorides
to ineir water supplies. mese include Astoria. Uearhart, Flor
ence. Corvallii, Philomath, Pendleton, Forest Grove and Salem
neignis. uincr areas in uregon are also receiving fluorides
through naturally supplied water sources. The city councils
of Bend, Coquille, Eugene. Klamath Falls, Mill City and Rose
burg have approved fluoridation, though it is yet to be done.
Despit the record of beneficial results from fluorida
tion of public water, there is an almost fanatical preju
diced opposition among certain elements based on the
ground that fluorides have been utilized as a rat poison,
but the infinitesimal quantity used in water supply has
proven a tooth saver for children. Many other poisons
are the bases of medicines if properly utilized. The same
aort of opposition greeted vaccination for smallpox and
other innoculations as disease and plague preventatives.
SUDAN QUITS BRITISH EMPIRE
The disintegration of the Roman empire covered a
period of at least two centuries, but the modern British
mpire shrinks almost day by day, while you watch the
map of the world turn from the traditional red hue of
Britain to other colors.
Latest to leave the empire is the Anglo-Egyptian
Sudan, British ruled since Kitchener crushed the revolt
of the dervishes, which voted this week for affiliation
with Egypt and against separate status under British
Influence.
The British, who probably did not greatly care what
this poverty-ridden area did, conducted no vigorous cam
paign, while the Egyptians went allout with a mighty
torrent of propaganda that had its effect on the naive
natives.
' The orld will hope the Egyptians do a whole lot better
Job in the Sudan than they have ever done in Egypt, but
it will be a hope without much prospect for realization.
Countries without mass education or understanding ot
democracy have virtually no prospect for making it work.
Even in advanced countries like our own one scratches
his bead and wonders occasionally.
WELL, LE'S SEE
DECEMBER U
( DECEMBER V Hi
DID I PUT j'
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Ike Must Learn Political
Tactics Resemble Military
By DREW
Washington Those who
have watched President El
senhower during almost a
year in office conclude that
the No. 1 lesson he still has to
learn is that political tactics
are exactly the same as mili
tary tactics.
If he had realized this, his
friends say, he would not
have been so surprised and
hurt when Senator McCarthy
trained his guns on Ike as
well as on Truman during his
nation - wide broadcast last
week. For in politics as in
war, you have to pick the mo
ment for an offensive when
your potential enemy is weak
to take the offensive. Once
you let him gather strength,
you must expend more am
munition, risk more loss of
men to win the same objective.
This is what no less a per
son than Tom Dewey told Ike
about a year ago. For Eisen
hower's real decision regard
ing McCarthy came not after
he got into the White House,
but while he was campaign
ing In Indiana.
Dewey hurried to Washing-
ten a year ago last October to
warn the republican candi
date that he had to take s
stand on McCartHy, and he
had better do it the coming
week in Milwaukee right
In McCarthy's own bailiwick.
IKE'S BEST FRIEND
A week or two before. Ei
senhower had been euchred
into making a speech in In
dianapolis where he shook
hands and posed for the news-
reels with Senator Jenner of
Indiana, the same right-wing
republican who had called
Ike's chief benefactor in the
army. George Marshall, "a
front for traitors" and "a liv
ing lie."
Everyone knew that in his
heart Eisenhower didn't rel
ish speaking on the same plat
form with the rabble-rousing
senator from Indiana. Repub
licans like Senators Duff of
Pennsylvania and Ives of New
York also knew that Jenner
would cut Ike's throat politi
cally once re-elected.
However, the new and
green republican candidate
even allowed the man who
denounced his best friend to
hold up his hand. like the
winner at a priie fight, while
the newsreels clicked away
all for the benrfit of 13111
Jenner.
It was after this that
Dewey hurried to Washing
ton, persuaded Ike that he had
to take a stand regarding the
rabble-rousing wing of the
GOP, and the best time to do
it was In Milwaukee. If Ike
either denounced McCarthy
ism in his own state or did
not permit McCarthy to ap
pear on the same platform,
Dewey argued, the rest of the
party would take the cue that
the new republican leader
would not tolerate McCarthy-ism.
Eisenhower agreed.
PRESSURE FROM
Sl'MMERFIELD
But when Ike's advisers
learned of this. Chairman Ar
thur Summerfield. now post
master general, hit the ceil
ing. Calling Senators Fergu-
PEARSON
son of Michigan and Hicken-
looper of Iowa with Tom
Coleman of Wisconsin, they
hired a special plane, caught
up with the candidate's train
in Ohio, argued, pleaded and
cajoled until they convinced
him he shouldn't snub Mc
Carthy In Milwaukee.
But to salve his conscience,
Eisenhower wrote into the
Milwaukee speech two para
graphs praising his old friend
General Marshall, the man
against whom McCarthy had
delivered 60,000 words of in
vective from the safety of the
senate floor.
However, Arthur Summer
field, hesring of the para
graph of praise for Marshall,
notified McCarthy and later
smuggled McCarthy up the
service elevator of the Pere
Marquette hotel in Peoria.
111., for s secret conference
with Elsenhower.
There . McCarthy begged
that Ike delete t,he paragraphs
praising Marshall. To have
Eisenhower slap him in the
face with this tribute to a
man he had denounced, Mc
Carthy argued, would deal
him a body blow 'right in his
own state.. In the end, the
new candidate yielded.
The paragraphs praising
the man who promoted
Dwlght Eisenhower from the
rank of lieutenant colonel to
lieutenant general in one
year, after Douglas MacAr
thur had sent him home from
the Philippines, were omitted.
After that, the so-called
"Neanderthal" wing of the re
publican party knew they
could handle the candidate.
After that, men like liberal
republican Senator Duff of
Pennsylvania, the republican
who first urged Ike to run,
began to take a much farther
back seat.
STASSEN GETS SLAPPED
Some Dewey republicans,
however, figured that after
election Eisenhower would
see the issues clearly and
take a firmer stand. That was
why Harold Stassen, a mem
ber of the Eisenhower cabi
net, took a vigorous stand
against McCarthy when the
latter announced a deal with
Greek shippers. It was the Job
of the federal government,
Stassen announced bluntly
and correctly, to deal with
communist trade by Greek
shippers.
At this point, however, Mc
Carthy's old friend Vice
President Nixon stepped for
ward. He persuaded Eisen
hower that he had to get along
with McCarthy, that McCar
thy was a power In the party
and by this time he was.
For the rules of military tac
tic had not been applied to
politics and McCarthy's
strength was growing. So
Stassen was told to eat his
own words. He did so, hum
bly, after a conference with
McCarthy.
Later when the president
delivered his inspiring Dart
mouth speech against book
burning, he himself was put
in a position of eating his own
words. For the voice of Amer
ica, about to broadcast the
Dartmouth speech abroad,
was suddenly stopped.
McCarthy Intervened at the
White House, following which
orders were sent by the White
House to the state department
that the inspiring Dartmouth
speech in defense of free
thought and free literature
was not to be broadcast. Fur
thermore, the president is
sued a statement that the
uarunoutn speech meant no
reflection on the senator from
Wisconsin.
By this time every republl
can leader took the cue. Ike
was behind McCarthy. By
this time, also, McCarthy's
strength was gaining more
momentum.
It was no great surprise,
therefore, when Attorney
Genersl Brownell announced
publicly that he was dropping
the long and carefully docu
mented senate elections com
mittee charges against Mc
Carthy.
But it did cause great sur
prisecertainly at the White
House when the man who
had been strengthened and
built up by Ike turned on
him, over every major net
work, and proceeded to scold
his administration almost as if
he were Harry Truman.
Salem 43 Years Ago
By BEN MAXWELL
December 1, 1910
Governor-elect Oswald West
had tendered to Governor
Frank Benson his resignation
railroad commissioner for
the State of Oregon.
Minnie Picket, age 13 years
and four months and weighing
but 14 pounds, had died at
Meritt, British Columbia. She
had been considered as the
smallest person in the civilized
world for her age.
Stockton had $2 outing
flannel nightgowns for $1.79,
60c nightgowns for 49c.
Reports were at hand say
ing that Countess Tolstoi,
grieving over the death of
Count Leo Tolstoi, was near
death.
Capital Journal's X Ray and
Smiles had this comment:
"Washington women must give
their age when registering to
vote. It is predicted that the
registration will be light."
Mayor Simon of Portland
had been called before the
grand Jury in connection with
their investigation ot moral
conditions in the city.
Steamer Independence had
a dally schedule, Sunday ex
cepted, between Salem and
Independence.
Sunny-Monday laundry soap
had no rosin content said a
Capital Journal advertisement.
It would wash woolens and
flannels without shrinking
colored goods without fading.
Southern Pacific had a
Christmas holiday excursion to
Mexico City. Round trip fare
from Portland was J104.
ONE GOOD Tl'RN . . .
Albany Democrat-Herald
The Oregon Journal should
be assured of the backing ot
the Oregonian in its big high
way-safety rs-r-psign. Look
how the Journal has moved in
and co-operated in its contem
porary roto dollar distribution!
What Harold Ickes
Never Found Out
By RAYMOND MOLEY
It is probable that historians
sad lovers of literary curiosi
ties will ponder for a gener
ation over - the remarkable
number of matters, great and
small, that the late Harold
Ickes confided to his "Secret
Diary," the first massive vol
ume of which has Just been
published.
A remarkable feature of this
section of the diary, which
covers the first thousand days
of the Roosevelt administra
tion. Is the meager attention
that it gives to what wss sup
posed to be the major Ickes
Job, secretary of the interior.
There is room for sniping at
practically every member of
the cabinet and most of the
other people close to the pres
ident. Nothing Is too small to
notice, even the vagaries of
Ickes' well-stuffed eustachian
tubes. But the major subject
is his Publie Works Adminis
tration and his long and los
ing battle with Harry Hopkins.
Believe it or not, Roosevelt,
when he took the oath of of
fice, was a believer in econom
ical government. He stead! ast-
ly refused to approve through
out his 1932 campaign the sug.
gestions by Alfred E. Smith,
W. R. Hearst, and many others
that there be a IS billion pub
lic works program. He said
many times In my hearing
that such a suggestion wss sil
ly because there were not
enough worthy projects to
spend any such amount upon.
So far as I could make out, he
had never heard of John May
nard Keynes or of "eompenss
tory spending."
After the inauguration it
took many hassles, in which
Tugwell, Senator La Follette,
and many others participated.
to get an appropriation of $3.3
billion. This figure wss pulled
out of the air end, so fsr ss I
knew at the time, it represent
ed a compromise between the
Smith-Hearst $5 billion and
Roosevelt's conviction that
there were no more then $1
billion in worthy and feasible
projects. Then, to see that the
spending should go slowly; the
president gave the direction of
this money to the suspicious
and then genuinely thrifty
care of Ickes. It was doled out
at a snail's pace.
Meanwhile, Harry Hopkins
had appeared on the scene,
with responsibility for a meas
urably small relief program
(FF.RA). For a while Ickes and
Hopkins seemed, according '."
the Diary, to get on perfectly.
Ickes was busy doling out
money, not necessarily to cre
ate employment, but through
financing municipal plants, to
make war on his old enemies,
the power companies.
But when 1934 moved
toward its end, a cloud arose
in the Ickes sky. Hopkins, who
loved to spend money for
spending s sake, had begun to
show how votes might be made
to grow with the sowing of
dollars. The smashing congres
sional victory ol that ten
awakened the political in
stincts of the President to the
ease with which Hopkins'
reckless spending of lots of
ready money would activiste
machines in the great nortn-
ern cities.
At this epochal moment
there came to the president's
eager and experimental atten
tion the economic doctrine of
Keynesian spending. There
were plenty of Keynesian sd
dicks sround Msrriner Ec-
cles, Tugwell and others.
Wonderful," F.D.R. must
have thought, "I can wield an
instrument of political spoils
without equsl in history and
at the same time have an ex
cuse for It all nicely packaged
respectable economic the
ory, we were on me way to
the reign of Hopkins and I'tax,
spend and elect," and Ickes
was on the way to the dog
house.
Ickes never realized what
had happened. He denounced
Hopkins In the diary. He com
plained to his friends. He ar
gued hours on end with the
president But all in vain.
The president never in
formed Ickes of what really
was his motive. Over and
over he would lay upon the
tortured Ickes the unction of
flattery. But his heart be
longed to Hopkins the spender.
SLAl'GHTER ON HIGHWAYS
Oregon Journal
The Journal eels that the
public wants to DO SOME
THING about the annual
slaughter of 38,000 Americans
and injury of another 1,300,
000. We believe that when the
people have all the facts about
this needless slaughter worse
than all the wars In the na
tion's history, they WILL do
something something drastic,
something effective.
Other states and- communi
ties have banded together and
by concerted, cooperative ac
tion have reduced shameful
highway slaughter.
Portland and Oregon can do
as well or better.
Join the great crusade fsr
highway safety.
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Few Crowded So Much Zest
Into Living as Has Churchill
By HAL BOYLI
New York OF) All who
want to live into their 80th
year should take a few tips
from Winston Churchill.
He is the best known artist
of living in our time. Why? It
can be put Into one word
ffuito.
"All babies look like me,"
he quipped once. And he has
retained the qualities that
mark all hlthy children
imagination, curiousity, enthu
siasm, and the desire to keep
oa growing up.
Churchill was born witn s
silver spoon in bis mouth, saw
it change to brass, snd by nis
own efforts turned it into gold.
The h.iman race msy num
ber many in its long history
who outlived him, but none
who crowded so msny hours
with so much pure zest, none
who had a greater appetite for
living. American football
brags about its 60-minute play
er, but in the tremendous bat
tlefield of life, Churchill has
seen nearly 60 years of contin
uous action and at 79 is still
going at a gallop.
How has he been able to do
it? His own words and a study
of his career give the answer.
He has been able to take ev
erything in stride.
Most men sre afraid of
death, defeat and responsibil
ity. Churchill has never been
afraid to be greatly right or
of being greatly wrong. He has
never run from death or hesi
tated to outface fear. He has
undertaken mighty responsi
bilities, not as irksome duties,
but at welcome adventures.
"Power, for the sake of
lording it over fellow crea
tures or sdding to personal
pomp, is rightly Judged' base,"
he wrote. "But power in a
national crisis, when a man
believes he knows whst orders
should be given, is a bles
sing." Churchill has never lost
faith in himself, in victory or
defeat. He never took his goal
too lightly or himself too seri
ously. He has never lost his
sense of humor.
"If Hitler Invaded hell," he j
said once, "I would make at
least a favorable reference to j
the devil in the House of
Commons."
Churchill would have been
completely at home in any
age from the dawn of the
caveman to the dawn of the
next century, which he is
currently trying to design.
Perhaps the nearest men
America has produced like
him were Benjamin Franklin
and Thomas Jefferson, al
though neither went at quite
his pace.
"This world is a fen. said
Churchill, and although his
last big hope is to turn it into i
a peaceful garden, he loved
the wars slong the way almost
as much as the roses.
He is sn sctor, a painter, an
orator, a statesman, philoso
pher, warrior and literary
genius. He wrote fine history,
and he made fine history
with both his words snd his
deeds.
His restless mind plumbed
all pleasures of body and
spirit, questioned all creeds,
yet was unashamed to pray
for succor to a God whose
ways he couldn't understand.
"The idea that nothing is
true except what we compre
beld Is silly," he said, in sum
ming up his youthful religious
doubt.
Churchill has played and
worked with equal fervor all
his life, and yet is a stout de- ,
fender of the afternoon nap.
"The rest and spell of sleep
in the middle of the day re
fresh the human frame far
more than a long night," he
wrote. "We were not made by
nature to work, or even to
play, from S o'clock In the
morning until midnight We
throw a strain upon our sys
tem which is unfair and Ha -provident
For every purpose
of business or pleasure, men
tal or physical, we ought to
break our days and our
marches Into two." r
So if you wsnt to live a
rich lull life like Churchill's
all you have to do is savor
both the sour and sweet of '
this world, don't be afraid,
enjoy your work as much as
your play and get that after
noon nap.
Nothing else to it. Except
sbility. ,
Justified Rebuke
The Astorisn-Budget
Gov. Patterson has given thee
state milk control board a well-
deserved rebuke in suggesting
it reconsider, si a puouc hear
ing, its recent secretly arrived
at order to raise Portland milk
prices.
No excuse can be found for
the secrecy under which the
board did its price-raising Job,
snd apparently there is little if
any excuse for the price-raising
itself.
Portlanders were Justifiably
indignant and the noise of their -
complaints came to the ears of
Gov. Patterson, who took the
correct action in suggesting a
public hearing.
This arbitrary snd unjusti
fied move by the milk control
board may build up a great deal
of public support for the efforts
of foes of the milk control set
to bring about its abolishment
The action was of a nature to
create considerable public sus
picion not only ot the board,
but of the law under which it
operates.
If the Isw does not require
public bearings before a price
raise, It should. '
FREE!
$E00 in
v Cash!
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Two Coupons
Allowed on the
S52.J5 Players
SEE AD ON
OPPOSITE PAGE
Downstairs Oregon Bldg.
and
In The Music Center
Capitol Shopping Center
FARM
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