Pact 4
THE CAPITAL JOURNAL, Satan. Ortfra
Saturday, November 21. 1953
Capital AJournal
An Indtpendent Newspaper Estclishcd 1888
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor and Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus ..
Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che
meketo St., Salem. Phones: Business, Newsroom, Wont
Ads. 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409
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C.I.O. MAKES LABOR
The annual meeting of
exceeds in importance that
industrial group, and this
: closed at Cleveland was no exception.
Walter Reuther,,who had a tough battle over the
presidency a year ago, was renamed by acclamation. No
sign of opposition appeared. Reuther is firmly in the
. saddle, probably has the leadership of America's second
largest labor group as iong as he wants it.
The C.I.O. appears to believe the national economy is
headed downward and it came up with several plans for
throwing all the loss of this
a guaranteed annual wage, and (2) a year's full pay by
i employers, to workers who have been layed off. This of
course in addition to the usual pay increases and "fringe
benefits."
Employers who may be tempted to laugh at these pro
posals had better not, for they are no laughing matter.
The guaranteed annual wage will be vigorously pushed
''in the auto, steel and other C.I.O. organized industries
as contracts expire. For employment uncertainty is one
of the chief hazards of the workers. No matter how
. high their hourly rates they cannot be sure of continu
ous employment.'
On the other hand, if the employer must guarantee to
employ them whether he can sell the products or not he
' faces bankruptcy the first time there is major business
setback, so he will vigorously resist a commitment he
will feel sure will eventually ruin him.
The C.I.O. will argue that given assured employment
there will be no business setbacks, and there is a point to
this, if the guaranteed annual wage were adopted for all
workers at the same time. But this is impossible.
C.I.O. and industry are actually both seeking the same
thing, elimination of the downswing in the business cycle.
If either finds it, both and evetyone else will benefit, but
we doubt that it will ever be found by picking out a "fall
guy" and forcing him to underwrite the losses. He'll
soon run out of money and then there'll be the very devil
to pay, with bankrupt industries unable even to pay cm-
ployed workers, let alone unemployed ones. Moscow
might pick up the pieces.
We fear the business cycle will be around quite a while
in spite of anything, CJ.O., N.A.M the government,
or anyone else can do about it. We distinctly recall that
It was abolished back in 1928-29, but not for very long.
MOST OF THE MISSING DEAD
The Pentagon has just announced that the U.S. tattle
death toll in the Korean war will pass 80,000 when next
January the books are closed on American casualties.
The death figures stood at 25.604 and the missing at
7,953 after the truce and completion of POW exchanges.
This week the army confirmed 400 more deaths among
those listed as missing and announced that in January it
will consider the 4000 listed as missing for over a year as
"presumed dead." Those remaining missing, unless
found, will be declared dead by the army a year after
their disappearance.
. The air force, with 671 listed missing, will declare 170
presumed dead next month. The marine corps, with
493 missing and the navy with 78 missing, has no plans
to declare any of them dead in the near future.
The U.S. casualty total in Korea, 142,277 killed, wound
ed or missing, remains the same. It is a preliminary
figure, however, and is being checked and rechecked
as new information gets to the Pentagon. Most of the
missing must eventually be presumed dead.
The Missing Persons Act requires the declaration of
presumptive death. This law expires next January 21,
but an extension will be asked of congress so survivors of
the missing and probably dead may receive the benefits
to which they are entitled.
The army has set forth information needed for the
families and beneficiaries of men who have been or will
be declared dead. The regulations, which also apply to
such survivors of all servicemen, include:
1. When a turvivor Is notified thst serviceman has died si
the result of combat, the beneficiary will be furnished an
application form for the payment of a gratuity. Thla gratuity
la equal to six morttha pay at the raie prevailing when the
man was declared dead.
2. Survivora are entitled to whatever portion of a missing
man's pay that accumulates while he Is missing and which
has not been previously allocated, such aa for allotment! or
savings bonds.
Immediately after a serviceman is declared dead, the
Veterans Administration will be notified. The VA will
then help survivors collect whatever government life in
surance is due them. G. P.
LAST OBSTACLE REMOVED
Completion of the deal between the government and
the Harvey interests giving them a virtually free hand
to experiment with the processing of alumina from clay
at the long idle plant here ought to mean early payrolls
for Salem.
The Harveys have "hung fire" all this time due to oppo
sition to clauses in the contract forcing them to con
tinue experimentation over a period of years, where a
relatively short period might show these to be unjusti
fied. They have won their point and there is no reason
now why they should not proceed.
Who's the Dryest?
Eugene Register-Guard
It now eeema fairly certain
that the "llquor-by-the-glass"
issue must come to a vote in
Benton county In November,
1954, as provided by law.
Our interest In this situa
tion is more or Iras "academ
ic" (no pun Intended). From
the beginning It has looked to
us as if the "drys" in Cor
vallls might be trying to avoid
n election, so, when we were
In Corvallla the other day we
looked up the voting records
en liquor issues In Corvalia
ever the last IS years. Here
they are:
Liquor Measures Voted en In
Camilla
November 4. 1852 "Li
quor by the Individual Glass."
Yes 3077 No 3130
June 9, 1P4 (Advisory
Election) "Shall A State
Operated Liquor Store Be
Established In Corvallls?"
Yes 742 No 13(17
November 7, 1950 "Mak-
lng Sal el Protnotlvely Ad
POLICY
major labor union unusually
of the largest business or
year s C.I.O. gathering just
onto employers, through (1)
vertised Alcoholic Liquor Un
lawful." Yes 1159 No 3338
November 2, 1948 "Ore
gon Liquor Dispensing Act"
Yea 2337 No 3330
November 7, 1944 Burke's
Bill "Only State Selling
Liquor Over 14100 Alcohol."
Yes 1844 No 1003
November 5. 1940 'To
Further Rrgulate Sale It Use
of Alcoholic Liquor."
Yes 1432 No 1333
It will be seen that at the
last general election, the Cor
vallis vote on the state-wide
"saloon" amendment was
mighty close a margin of
only S3 votes for the "drys."
The vote In Lane county
was: Yes, 28,623; No, 26.810.
a margin of only 13 votes. In
Eugene the vote was: Yea.
8-771; No. 8.729 a margin
of 42. In Springfield the vote
was: Yea, 3.361; No. 2,129 a
margin of 232 "wets .
It occurred to us readers
might be Interested In com
paraUve statistics on "how
dry w are."
WASHINGTON MERRY
Vinson Held White Innocent
Till Proved to Be Guilty
By DREW
Washington Some readers
have suggested that I put the
late chief Justice of the United
States In the position of being
pro-communist or a Red when
I reported earlier this week
that Fred Vinson, when secre
tary of the treasury, transfer
red Harry D. White to the in
ternational monetary fund and
advised President Truman to
keep him in that Job, under
surveillance.
Since Fred Vinson is dead
and cannot defend himself
and since the last thing I wish
to do Is reflect on a great man
and a very dear friend, I
should like to aet forth further
the views of the late chief Jus
tice on communism. I had
occasion to discuss this gen
eral subject with him on a
camping trip in the Adiron-
dacks not long before he died.
It Is a fact that In the sum
mer of 1945, shortly after he
became secretary of the treas
ury, I warned Vinson that
Harry White was not a good
man to have in the treasury. I
did this because I thought it
was a service to Vinson and
to the country, but I told Vin
son that I could not fully sub
stantiate the evidence against
White.
It is a fact that Fred Vin
son recommended the trans
fer of White from the treas
ury to the monetary fund. Mr.
Truman obviously knew little
about personnel matters in
side the treasury; furthermore
had great confidence in Vin
son, and the last thing he
would do would be to tell him
how to run the treasury. Vin
son had been a leader of con
gress, a Judge on the U.S.
court of appeals; economic
stabilizer; defense mobilizer;
and head of the RFC. After
30 years In government, he
knew far more about govern
ment administration than
Truman, and the brand new
president leaned heavily on
him.
Careless Harry Vaughan
Furthermore, the president
was Justified in leaning on
him.
On the other hand, the pres
ident was not Justified in
leaning on MsJ. Gen. Harry
Vaughan, a genial dilettante
who exercised terrible Judg
ment in picking such friends
ss John Maragon and got Tru
man into all sorts of trouble.
Despite repeated exposes In
this column showing up
Vaughan for what he was, Mr.
Truman continued to trust
him with handling highly sen
sitive FBI reports. It was
Vaughan who either failed to
deliver or else failed to em
phasize the importance of the
first two November, and De
cember, 194S, FBI reports on
White.
Fred Vinson, however, con
sidered an "old reliable'' in
government, took the position
that White had a right to face
the FBI Informant who charg
ed him with being part of a
spy ring. Hoover in turn re
fused to reveal the Informant,
causing Vinson to recommend
that White was Innocent until
proved guilty.
This may seem old fashion
ed in view of current public
opinion. But at that time
HERE HE COMES
- GO - ROUND
PEARSON
public opinion was different,
Ike and SUHn
At that time, the public had
seen General Eisenhower re
ceive from Stalin the highest
decoration given by the Soviet.
They had seen pictures of Eis
enhower and Marshal Zhukov
sitting together in Berlin night
clubs. They knew that Eisen
hower had stood at Lenin's
tomb with Stalin In paying
Joint tribute to Soviet troops.
And they read Ike's statement
about a partnership between
the two nations.
This was about the time Vin
son was recommending that
Harry White be transferred to
the monetary fund a period
only six months after the end
of the war with Japan. It was
also about the time General
Eisenhower was writing in his
book: "Overshadowing all
goals for us Americans was the
contribution we locally might
make toward establishing a
working partnership between
the United States and Russia."
So perhaps in this atmos
phere it's understandable that
Fred Vinson, then secretary of
the treasury, might well con
clude that the suspected Harry
White could merely have been;
overzealous in promoting the
Russian-American partnership
Eisenhower talked about, and
wanted more time to watch
White and review the facts.
At any rate, I do not hesi
tate to review these facts in
defense of one who is now dead
and cannot defend himself.
WHITE AT WORK
Two other events are inter
esting in reviewing the Vinson-
While situation. One took place
at Bretton Woods, N.H., in the
summer of 1944 when White
and Henry Morganthau nego
tiated the international mone
tary agreement. It was to ad
(C'ontinurd on Para S, Column 1)
THE FIRESIDE PULPIT
Too Much Taking Husbands,
Wives for Granted by Other
By REV. GEORGE H.SWIFT
Rteler. at. Pfttu'l
A good deal of unhappiness
In modern family life is gen
erated by one or the other or
both husband and wife taking
too much lor fronted The !
with-holding of any evidence
of genuine appreciation end
thankfulness can create very
dull and drab situations about
a home. He is Indeed a thought-
les, and ungrateful husband
aho a, not h.nw h,.
who does not thank his wife
for anything, on the assump.
Hon that "surely she ought to
know she is appreciated" with- "V. i , T. . .
out having to mention It from' f" h,v,n 'r
time to time. .thanksgiving set forth, all too
i What can be said about thethclr physical appetites, which
husband a thoushUessness can u , secondary reason for cele
I also be said abou ;all too many orating the day, however im
: wives. I am toKJ that husbands pon,,,, that mly ,
crave a little attention aa weU!bk to a,,,. n.vtaf n0 de,ir,
as wives do Both apparently t0 u,, wife whom he h
Hike to be told how good they how ctn , nlublnd d
n. Anyway the home would flr, t0 ,, Qod wh ,
I be a happier place for thelot ini
whole family it each of its
members would give audible
expression to that inner feeling
of genuine love and apprecia
tion. Expressing thankfulness not
only warms the heart, lightens j
Salem 64 Years Ago
By BEN MAXWELL
November 21, 1819
Employment office, 292
Commercial street, had an ad
vertisement in the Capital
Journal of 64 years sgo want
ing men to do light clearing
near town for 12 a day.
Vol. 1, No. 1 of Stay ton Sun,
published by T. H. McGill had
arrived at the Capital Journal
office.
Thomas Holman had receiv
ed additional machinery for his
new electrical plant which gave
Salem assurance of being a
better lighted town.
Professor Garrison, who had
conducted a writing school- in
Salem'a public schools for the
past month, awarded Winnie
Rigdon in Miss D'Arcy's room
a copy of Longfellow's poems
as recognition for making the
greatest improvement in pen
manship in the entire school.
Oswald West, In Mra. Grubb's
room, had been named best
writer in the whole school and
had received a copy of Shakes
peare's works.
Squire Farrar had advertised
the electric car company will
soon be Constructing their road
up Chemeketa street. Mean
while buy your groceries at
Squire Farrars'.
Rail minded enthusiasts at
Newport were projecting a line
from that place to Salem via
Kings Valley.
Professor H. Diamond had
a music hall to rent to clubs
and also gave lessons on the
violin, guitar, banjo and man
dolin. Ellis & Whitney were pro
prietors of the Favorite Livery
stable at Trade and Commer
cial streets.
Thomas Burrows, the grocer
at 226 Commercial street, had
received a new line of the lat
est style of hanging lamps (ker
osene). Bpucopu cnurca
the burden, and gives the wife
(or husband) the courage and
inspiration to go on. But it also
i""5'""1 ,he'ife of ,he Per"
,0n . ho- m lh" av. P"
inJ!?u' - . ...
" T""'1 . d,y;
Ior """ ,nn"
iv uvu, many peupie negieci
" ' ". nwr rv-
,l1Hg,VT.f J"'the
"m old ,tor ' t have
to take part In a corporate serv-
to aay I am thankful, God
".:"'". I' 00 "l"" "
knows anyway." So instead of
Anyway, expressing thanks
to God, to a wife, to a husband,
to a friend, reacts on the
thanks -giver himself and
makes him s better person. It
makes for better homes,
makes for nobler lives.
"I
White Case Politics
By RAYMOND MOLEY
Those who can keep their
psssions under control in such
a controversy as thst which is
sasociated with the name of
the lata Harry Dexter White
can learn a great deal about
the principles of politics.
One of the primary rule of
politics is to accuse your ad
versary of playing politics.
That is as elementary as the
custom in the manly -art of
base-running of "inadvertant
ly" knocking the ball out of
the fielder a hand.
And so Democratic . Chair
man Mitchell brings grave
charges of politics in answer
to the Republican atttack on
Mr. Truman.
There is a bit of subtle
humor in this, because sfter
what we have seen of the po
litical acumen of some mem
bers of the Administration, it
passes comprehension thst
they know enough about po
litics to practice It at all.
We are witnessing a game
of politics played by both
parties. It is in the public In
terest thst this matter be
made a political issue. For
only by the political process,
which Is free government at
work, can the public ever
get the truth and thus have
the means of making a clear
Judgment.
This is the only realistic
and healthful point of view
with which a citizen can ap
proach this matter. And de
lusion that the quality of gov
ernment can be ascertained In
any other way Is merely to
blink at the facts of human
nature and at the Anglo-Saxon
tradition of Jurisprudence.
That tradition la to have
two prejudiced, . partial, In
terested advocates argue the
case before a Jury of so-called
peers. They are peers In the
nobility of Ignorance.
Politics in a free nation ap
plies the same principle on a
larger scale and with more
confusion, snd with no bailiff
to keep order.
In the first place, the Re
publicans in office have learn
ed. Just as they learned in the
middle of the campaign in
1952. that millions of people
In this country are Interested
in two matters of great Im
portance communism and
corruption. Somehow, the les
sons of the 1952 campaign
seemed to be lost for some
months on the President ahd
his Cabinet and his Palace
Guard. They dawdled along,
enjoying their shiny new of
fices, their perquisites, and
their vacations.
Suddenly, and this preceded
the recent election by several
weeks, really practical poli
ticians like Chairman Hall,
who knew the grass roots, got
over to the Attorney-General
and others that the new ad
ministration was slipping in
popularity. Rude Jokes were
current, like the crack attri
buted to a Presidential sub
ordinate: "Why should they be
mad at us? We haven't done
anything."
They were further remind
ed by the wise, battle-bitten
veterans that their goddess.
Economy Oeconomy it used
to be spelled is a pale virgin
but sharp-eyed. She sees too
well in all directions those
who get the Jobs ss well as
those who get fired. She is not
endeared to those who lurk
about the clubhouses. But Jus
tice Is a lusty Amazon. She
sees not at all. She Is blind
folded. But she swings a
massive sword.
And so the minister of Jus
tice, Brownell, made the first
of what will be many thrusts
at the party out of power.
1 1 ati ' V"" "J
Serving Salem ond Vicinity
os Funeral Directors
for 25 Years
Convenient location, S. Commer
cial street: bus line: direct route
to cemeteries no cross traffic.
New modern building seating
up to 300. Services within your
means.
605 S. Commercial St.
himmxmmnmmimtnmrmi w m ,h. -.h, j. .,
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
This Fellow's Biggest
Asset's a Hole in Ground
By HAL
New York Lester B.
Dill's biggest asset is a hole in
the ground.
"I guess you'd be safe In say
ing I am the most successful
private cave operator in Amer
lea," admitted Lester, who is
the Phineas T. Barnum of un
derground showmanship.
As a barefoot farm boy Les
ter used to love to explore
the giant Meramac caverns, 55
miles southwest of St. Louis,
where legend held thst outlaw
Jesse James and his gang hid
and buried their loot.
In 1933 Dill achieved his
boyhood dream and bought the
cave, which he says is exceed
ed in size only by Kentucky's
Mammoth Cave and New Mex
ico's Carlsbad Caverns. It is 26
miles of psssageways, an un
derground river, and accord
ing to Dill "is celebrating its
hundred millionth birthday
this year." Nobody baked it a
cake. The cave cost $30,000,
and Lester, who saw the busi
ness possibilities in It that Jesse
James overlooked, now would
not sell It for a million dol
lars. "We've had 1,600,000 visi
tors since 1933," he said. "But
FEW SEE WELFARE ROLLS
Pendleton East Oregonian
As generally predicted when
the measure was passed by the
1950 Oregon legislature, few
people are availing themselves
of the opportunity to look at
public welfare rolls. According
to an AP story, no one has
asked to see the records in
Clatsop or Umatilla counties,
and we suspect the same report
could be had from other coun
ties.
The purpose of the law is to
get "moochers" off the welfare
rolls. We shall be Interested in
learning whether there has
been any headway made in
tnat direction.
OPPORTUNITY
OVERLOOKED
Pendleton East Oregonian
Tommy Manville's ninth
Wife is sulntf for divnrr and
asks $30,000 for her attorney.
If some lawyer had opened an
office a few years ago to
handle only the business of
Manville'a wives he'd be a
very rich man.
Of course, there have been
mistakes on both sides. Brown
ell was not altogether precise
in his language. Velde was
clearly off side, not so much
in summoning august person
age but because he was run
ning in opposition to the Jert
ner committee. The seasoned
political opinion among Re
publicans is that Jenner is
smarter and more effective.
But a series of political ex
changes has been set off which
will, in the long run, be very
valuable to every right-thinking
American citizen. He must
be reminded from time to
time that enemiea of his re
public can get into subordinate
Jobs and that careless work st
the top permits them to stay
and to accomplish their
malignant purposes. And he
must be reminded that the
two-party system is the best
means he can have of fighting
such evils unless he wants to
adopt some other form of gov
ernment. There will be great
noise, but there will be some
light. And for that he can be I
thankful.
fuss T. OlIW
M
Virgil T. Golden
FUNERAL SERVICE
BOYLI
the cave business Isn't as rosy
as some people think it is. You
csn't stand still in the cave
business. You have to keep up
with the times.
People don't want to go into
s cave Just to look st the dark
ness. They want to see some
thing. You have to dramatize
the cave put in music and
daylight lighting."
Lester puts on a show thst
winds up with a record of Kate
Smith singing "God- Bless
America" and a projection of
the U. S. flag proudly waving
against a rock wall 500 feet
underground.
He has found that most peo
ple will believe anything but
the truth once they get in a
cave. Take those blind fish
in his caverns. They are only
two or three inches long. Les
ter went to a lot of trouble
catching 50 of them and put
ting them in a pool.
Everybody thought they
were fakes," he said. "So I Just
tossed me a 30-pound catfish a
in that pool. Now, as far as I
know, that catfish could see ss
well as sn eagle, and I didn't
even claim it was near-sighted.
But everybody looked at it
and said, 'See that big blind
fish.' And they were happy.
Couldn't sell 'em at all on
the little fish that were really
blind."
Same way with his guides.
Lester hss a hillbilly guide
who tells the tourists tall tales
about the cave, and a eollege
trained guide who tells the
facts.
"Most of 'emVrefer the hill
billy guide," Lester said. "Peo
ple Just don't have any faith
in a college graduate in a
cave."
Lester once jestingly an
nounced he was prepared to
modernize his cave and shel
ter one million people in the
event of atomic attack. Im
mediately he was besieged by
mail requests for room reser
vations. "As a matter of fact a well
locted cave is the safest plsce
in the world during earth.
quakes, fires, floods, or
storms," he said. "You never
heard of anybody being struck
by lightning In a cave, did
you? Lighting Just won't go
into a cave."
Dill says there are 418 com
mercial caves in 39 states, but
most operators don't make
much profit because they let
their caves get out of date.
That's why a lot of them are
up for sale.
'Most folks, though, dream
about owning an island, and I
can't see why," said Lester.
I feel hemmed in on an Island."
The first thing-Lester did on
his arrival in Manhattan was
to visit the subway and he
promptly got lost. He has a
very low opinion of the sub
way.
If it weren't for the ride. I
doubt if anybody would pay
their way in to see it," he ob
served.
The subway charges 15 cents.
and the customers come out
scowling. L e st e r charges
grownups $1.50 to walk
through his subway, and they
emerge humming "God Bless
America."
"The only difference is In
showmanship," said Lesfer,
modestly.
Co.
Phone 4-2257
oiw a. pun