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THE CAPITAL JOURNAL, Salem. OrefM
Friday, An rust 28, 1953
Capital AJournal
An Independent Newspoper Established 1888
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor and Publisher
' GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444-Che--
meketa St., Salem. Phones: Business, Newsroom, Want
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409.
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TMT. Ill W. aW MUi VUIUO OngOOl M0CUU7, $1J tu hauu 17-M; OM
Ttaf, $11.00.
FOOD PRICES AND THE FARMER
The federal government has published some statistics
explaining why food bills keep going up yet the farmers'
share keeps getting less. The statistics show that in
1946 the farmers' share of the food dollar was 52 cents.
It has dropped to 44 cents now. Others share of the food
dollar was 48 cents in 1946. It is now 56 cents.
The housewife has paid more and more for the same
amount of groceries, yet the farmers' share has steadily
become smaller in spite of subsidies in the form of parity
prices. Today food that cost $767 in 1946 costs $1017.
And the farmer gets only $49 of that increase. So the
farmer is not gouging the public. It is the trend of the
times as high wages and the high cost of everything
keeps grocery bills from dropping.
An analysis of the situation presented in a recent
Issue of the U.S. News and World Report lists the follow
ing summary of the situation:
"The trouble if that costs all alone the line, from the farm
to the grocer's shelves, are Increasing. Wages are higher.
This it true in stockyards, grain elevators, mills, packing
plants at every step in the movement of farm produce to the
consumer. The hourly wages paid to employes of food-marketing
firms average 6 per cent higher now than a year ago.
"Transportation-is costing more. Trucking rates are higher.
Railway freight .rates have been Increased repeatedly. The
government figures show that, figuring farm commodities as
a whole, it costs about 58 per cent more to ship produce to
market by rail now than it did in 1946.
"Rents paid by food processors and distributors have gone
up. Materials and equipment used in processing and handling
such things as machinery and packaging materials cost
more. All these Increased high costs help to hold prices of
food high." .
To this must be added the increased cost of farm pro
duction, wages are higher, farm machinery and equip
ment and everything he buys costs more, interest rates
are up on borrowed money. Yet his share of most of
what he sells has fallen. More and more of the food
dollar is going for the cost of processing and handling
farm products and less proportion to the farmer, who is
caught in the vicious assembly line of inflation. So don't
blame the farmer, pinched in the squeeze. G. P.
YOU'RE LUCKY
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POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Full Moon Often Enemy Of People in the City
LIVING COSTS AT PEAK
That rugged old party, the cost of living, made some
Headlines this week. And unwelcome ones. She set an
alltime high. - .
So inflation's loose again? No, it isn't. Living costs
advanced two fifths of a per cent in the last month re
ported. They had reached a previous peak in November,
then declined during the winter and started up again in
the spring. But slowly. The present alltime high is only
aDoui one per cent a Dove a year ago.
Principal reason for the increase is that rent is now
free from control virtually everywhere and is rising. Held
tightly down in most urban communities while other
things were doubling, an adjustment in favor of the land
lords was obviously overdue and is no cause for alarm,
though unwelcome to those who must pay. The heavy
building of the' postwar period will prevent a housing
carcity that would put unfair pressure on renters.
Actually the cost of living index is cause for gratifica
tion. That it held within a one per cent range when con
trols were removed and during a good sized war shows
the American economy is pretty sound. That it is show
ing no disposition to fall apart with the end of the Korean
fighting is also a wholesome sign.
Present stability at a high level "of employment and
income should build confidence in the policies of the Eisen
hower administration, which seeks to halt inflation with
out bringing on a deflation. This appears well on the
way to fulfillment.
THE ENTRENCHED BUREAUCRACY
You may have noticed a move the other day by Interior
Secretary Douglas McKay to abolish the jobs of certan
important aides in his office and wondered what it meant
What we assume it meant was, that these positions
were still held by holdovers from the Truman adminis
tration, whose ideas and attitudes were those of the for
mer and not the present administration, but who because
of civil service restrictions could not be replaced in the
natural, normal way.
This should spotlight attention on a peculiar situation
in Washington. The very top administrative jobs are in
the hands of Eisenhower appointees, but they number
only a few score of men and women, with their immedi
ate aides a few hundred at most, trying to run a huge
federal bureaucracy, most of whose members were placed
in their jobs by the Roosevelt and Truman administra
tions. In some cases assistant secretaries are still new deal
fair dealers and in most cases those in key spots under
them are still working for the previous administration.
Civil service protects them in nearly all cases, and the
Republicans do not have the votes in congress to remove
this protection. .
So the new administration is not yet in full control of
the administrative branch of the government and isn't
going to be ior a considerable time, despite occasional
successful forays against Individual officials who are
stumbling blocks to the new leaders and their policies.
INDIA LOSES FIGHT FOR SEAT
As forecast in this column Thursday, India and her
friends in the U.N. lost their fight for a seat at the
peace conference, the U.S. prevailing in an effort to keep
juaia out 01 ine negotiations.
But India secured a majority of those voting, 27 to 21
with 11 abstaining. India was defeated only because
a two-thirds majority was required. We also defeated
Russia, which can attend only if the Communist belliger
ents, North Korea and China designate her, and then as
meir ally, not In the role of a disloyal U.N. mmeber.
Justice is done. India, which refused to fisrht for th
U.N. and whose sympathies were with the enemy, did not
deserve to sit as a U.N. member to make the peace. Rus
aia thoroughly deserved the rebuff she got.
But we fear the Ion if ranee effects of this fisrht and
its result will be felt for a long time and that they will
hurt. The U.N. is further weakened as an Instrument
for peace and security.
Woodland, N.Y.. v The
full moon is often man's en
emy in the city.
It stirs in him an old dis
quiet, an ancient tumult of the
blood, and ' whispers in his
heart:
"What are you doing here,
Lity inna? How can you
breathe In all this steaming
concrete? Have you forgotten
the feel of the wind on a hill?"
This silent message sends a
surge of restlessness 'through
the sad, grownup children of
the city. The meekest wives
start quarrels with their hui
bands. The mildest men look
around for a cop to pick a
fight, with. And lovers weep
without reason and wonder
how long love lasts.
Ask many a veteran police
sergeant or bartender what
the full moon does to people.
ana you u get tne answer:
It makes them crazy. I
wish they'd all leave town."
And that's not a bad idea. If
everybody left town during a
full moon and went out to the
countryside, all mankind
would be happier.
For In the country a full
moon Is both man's nurse and
spiritual adviser. It takes him
back home to nature, the lost
mother he ran away from long
ago ana Has been homesick in
his soul for ever since. It
gives him shining peace, a
mystic ecstasy, a sense of be
ing where he belongs, a quiet
gratitude lor the deep privi
lege of breath..
So It is with me. And isn't
it with you?
The other evening, at the
end of a vacation, I sat alone
on a cabin porch in the Cat
skill Mountains and watched
the dark come down.
The sun had sunk In red
confusion, a bonfire fed full
by the dry wood of all the
world's regrets, and a great
full moon rose up like a big
blob of yellow butter to soothe
the hurts and burns of the day.
As it ripened to silvei. I
could see the face of the man
in tne moon clearly. Ever
sice boyhood he has worn for
me the same expression
eyebrows lifted, mouth open
in changeless surprise. Always
I had wondered why. And
suddenly I understood. Why
the man in the moon is a
moralist, eternally astonished
at all the stupid things he sees
on earth.
Then the invisible choir ef
night began Its hymn to the
moon. A cool breeze thrum
med a green guitar the pine
tree oy tne porch. Did you
ever notice how even on the
stillest day evergreens always
make a murmurous music?
That is why they are planted
in cemeteries so those who
sleep in these silent cities will
never lack a lullaby.
A thousand peeper frogs be
gan their shrill chorus.
Somewhere an owl, that
feathered Inquisitor, asked a
terrible question, "Who?
Who? Who?"
Then the bug gossip in the
dark arose.
The night had a million
voices, and it was as if I had
an ear for every sound from
a field mouse's footfall to
every sleepy bird chirp. The
moon flooded me with a warm
feeling of kinship for all the
hidden life around men.
brotherhood of darkness and
moonlight
I felt mytelf a part of them
and yet apart from them, too,
By HAL BOYLE
as you do when you look down
from the Empire State build
ing at the- human ants in the
streets. They were the actors
in a hundred exciting dramas,
and I the only audience.
But in the vaudeville show
we call living nobody can
stay out of the act long. I
heard a familiar buzzing, slap
ped at and missed the mosqui
to on my forehead, felt the
lump he left.
"That's life for you," I said
aloud to the surprised man in
the moon. "The innocent by
stander always gets stung."
Then a voice I always obey
well, almost always cal
led sleepily from inside the
cabin:
"Are you going to stay up
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Evacuation Plans Being
Prepared for Major Cities
all night out there talking to
yourself? Don't you know
that's a sign of age? My feet
are cold."
So to bed. T closed my eyes
and turned off the moon, and
awoke to find a bright- sun
lighting the road back to the
city and the daily battle for
the paycheck. Sure do miss
that country moon.
DOG SHOOTS HUNTERS
Barnstaple, England UB
Two hunters were recovering
today from shotgun wounds.
A dog shot them
, Authorities said the dog
stepped on the double barrel
ed weapon, discharging it and
wounding Col. Louis Murphy I night
and Ralph Slocombe.
Gimme' Crowd Dislikes
New Federal Power Policy
Grants Pass Courier
The government-ownership
people in this country built
up by Franklin D. Roosevelt
and nurtured by Harry S.
Truman are tearing their
hair because Dwight Eisen
hower is trying to make good
on his campaign promise to
halt the ' trend towards so
cialism.
In this part of the country.
the main yelp is over the pres
ent Administrations refusal
to sand-bag private power de
velopment proposed by the
Idaho Power company.
The. government-ownership
crowd rants about "a govern
ment give-away program" for
natural resources.
"Water belongs to all the
people," the outfit chants.
Attempting to appeal to the
cupidity of the people of the
Northwest, they declare that
Eastern "Big Interests" don't
want Industrial development
of the Northwest.
During all thia sound, and
fury, it would be well to
boil the argument down to a
few essential facts. v
New Deal Interior secre
taries, Ickcs and Chapman.
fought hard to bring about a
massive Federal power devel
opment on the Snake. To fur
ther that aim. Chapman
fought the application of the
Idaho Power company for
Federal authorization to build
a series of power dams on that
river.
The big-government erowd
sought to confuse the issue by
quibbling about the residence
of various IPC stockholders.
an argument which should
have no bearing upon the
question of whether the pro
posed development should be
taxpayer or privately fi
nanced.
It should be kept In mind
that, through the long New
Deal years, except for one
two-year period, the Demo
crats had control of both
houses of Congress and Con
gress consistently refused to
finance the Hell's Canyon
Federal project
As a result year after year
passed with no power development
It ie reasonable to believe
that . If the Democratic con
gresses would not authorize
the government project an
antl-socialiit Republican Con
gress win not do so either.
In fact, there ie powerful
Washington Now that
Russia has the terrible H
bomb, civil defense authorities
are rushing plans to evacuate
every major city in the Unit
ed States at the first warning
of an air attack. For the
stark truth is that Soviet
bombers, streaking low over
our radar at night cannot be
stopped.
While it's been decided to
evacuate major cities, a lot of
other problems remain un
solved and undecided. One of
the biggest problems is how to
get Use advance warning in
time to organize a mass evacu
ation. Even no abort notice,
however, civil defense experts
still think the best solution is
to alert the population to flee
out of town as fast as possible,
Bomb shelters can be ouilt
to withstand the force of an
atomic blast, but the scorch
ing, searing devastation of a
hydrogen explosion can reduce
a city the size of New York to
charcoal in one blow. As a
result, civil defense authorities
have decided it Is no use to
build shelters, more practical
to concentrate on mass-evacuation
plans. '
In fact, civil defense has al
ready tangled with the mili
tary behind the scenes over
what to do with the people,
once they are evacuated. Civil
defense planners prefer to let
each individual work out his
own problem, and drift back
into town at his leisure after
the danger is over. t
Military leaders want to or
ganize the construction and
factory workers, however so
they can be whisked back into
town at once to rebuild the
blitzed factories or to resume
production without delay if
the town is spared.
SURPRISE RAIDS ARE
EASY
Meanwhile, it is our air raid
warning net that has civil de
fense officials worried. The
air force has built an invisible
wall of radar across the Ca
nadian border and down both
coasts. Each major city ' is
also ringed with radar and
antiaircraft guns. Only gaps
are along our southern iron
tier, which . is relatively safe
from Russian long - range
bombers.
However, it's revealing no
secret that Soviet bombers,
flying low at night, could
escape detection until right on
top of the radar acreen. Only
then would our radar-guided
fighters start seeking
By DREW PEARSON
bi-partisan support in Con
gress for elimination of huge
"new government projects
while the attempt is being
made to straighten out the
nation's financial mess.
Hence, it is pure hog-wash
to appeal to the people of
the Northwest for support for
the government project as a
means of obtaining additional
power at an early date.
The cold fact is that Idaho
Power company will develop!
the Snake power potential or I
no one will for years to come. I
Now, we come to the lesser '
question of relative worth of
the two methods of Snake
power development as indi
cated by testimony ef engin
eer. What do we find?
Simply that there are plen- i
ty of competent engineers tes- j
tlfying directly contrary to
each other. Each winds up
with a personal opinion as to
which type of power develop
ment would be the most ideal.
They, of course, cannot be
concerned with the larger
choice of Idaho Power com
pany power or none at all.
Keeping the Issue alive is
good politics for those Admin
istration opponent! who are
more Interested in establish
ing a Socialist government In
America than anything else.
Others, convinced that any
Democratic Administr a 1 1 o n
would grant their pressure
groups more favors, go along
without any real personal in
terest in the particular con
troversy. The Eisenhower Adminis
tration has spelled out Its
power policy by declaring
that tax monies will be used
to develop power only in those
esses where private enterprise
cannot or will not provide
needed power. Even then,
government funds will not be
expended for new projects un
til more pressing financial
needs are met
Such a policy, of course,
does not follow the famous
New Deal alogan of "spend
and spend and elect and
elect"
The result of the 1948 gen
eral election disclosed that
the harassed taxpayer de
cided he wanted that policy
ended.
' Naturally, the "gimme"
erowd doesn't like it j
them out and attacking them
one at a time. While this grim
game of hide-and-seek was
going on, the majority of the
bombers would be certain to
get through to" New York,
Pittsburgh, Chicago, Detroit,
Washington particularly if
they crashed the radar wall at
scattered points.
Of course, air force scien
tists are working feverishly in
secret Boston laboratories to
find a foolproof air raid warn
ing system. They have in
vented one device, which
should give the United States
several boura advance notice
of any suspicious flights over
one route enemy bombers
might take to' the United
States provided the new
device works. However, scl'
enlists fear that electronics
equipment can be depended
upon only half the time in cer
tain climates.
NO ATTACK SOON
As for the likelihood of a
Soviet H-bomb attack, our ex
perts are convinced the Rus
sians have not yet consolidat
ed the H-bomb ingredients
into an actual bomb, though
this is just a matter of time.
Our own scientists have built
a bomb, which is so Isrge it
can barely be squeezed Into
the bomb-bay of our biggest
planes. However, it will be
difficult to drop the bomb
without destroying the plane
that carries it.
Russia'a long-range bomber,
the TU-4, can be modified to
carry an H-bomb in rime.
Meanwhile, the Russians could
convert submarines into make
shift H-bombs that could be
exploded along our coast,
spreading radioactive spray
that would kill all life for
miles inland.
The Navy has posted picket
ships, equipped with sensitive
sonar devices, along the coast
to listen for marauding sub
marines. However, ' even the
Navy acknowledges that this
sonar barrier is not foolproof,
Until a better warning net
is invented, the Air, Force ar
gues that the best defense
against a Russian H-attack is
the power to retaliate. Only
the Air Force has the means
to deliver A-bombs and H
bombs to the Russian heart
land. Just as Russian' planes
can penetrate our defenses,
Air Force planes can get
through the Russian defenses
by saturation raids name
ly, hitting Russia from several
sides at once.
Yet it was the Air Force,
our first line of defense, that
took the entire $5 billion de
fense cut '
i Note The' Russian H
bomb explosion has jarred
Secretary of Defense Wilson
and Deputy Secretary Kyes
into thinking they may have
made a mistake cutting the
Air Force so drastically.
NO PENTAGON AWOLS
Top brass around the Pen.
tagon are having trouble these
days getting the afternoon off.
With such efficiency experts
as Charlie Wilson and his as
sistant, Roger Kyes, in the
driver's seat, even high rank'
ing officers have to watch
their working hours.
Last week at a luncheon of
the seventh annual convention
of the Air Force association,
Toastmaster Jimmy Doolittle
rose after Roger M. Kyes had
given the main address and
exceptional service awards
had been presented to three
top aircraft designers and
builders: Donald Douglas,
James Kindelberger, Freder-
Salem 25 Years Aqa
By BEN MAXWELL
August II, 1(21
County Judge Selgmund
County Roadmaster Culver and'
Deputy County Roadmaster
Hedda Swart had returns
from a trip through the Cu.
cadea over the proposed route
for a road from Detroit to the
old military trail from Casca.
dla to Sisters.
Five Salem boys ranni.
from 12 to 14 had been treed
for an hour by an angry bull.
Bids had been opened for th
proposed $23,000 addition to
Salem postoffice.
Mr. and Mrs. Winfield Ta.
lor Rlgdon, 299 N. Winter
street, had celebrated thri.
30th wedding anniversary.
Recent annihilation of fish In
North Mill Creek by escape of
dye stuff from the Thomas Kay
Woolen mill into the stream
had become a serious problem
for city authorities.
For the first time in historr
prunes had been shipped into
Salem for canning. Local can.
neries had purchased 2000 tons
in the Milton-Freewater and
Walla Walla districts.
Citizens of Elk City, Nash
ville and Yaquina had filed a
protest with the public service
commission against Southern
Pacific's threat to remove pas
senger service from Albany to
Yaquina.
During July. 1928. 32 Deriom
in Oregon had been killed in
traffic accidents.
Salem police had launched a
drive against cars with defec
tive lights and motorists who
failed to give unobstructed
right-of-way to emergency vehicles.
Deadline for Dads
Corvallla Gazette-Times
After last Tuesday, father-.
hood will not be accepted as
ground for deferment from the
draft. Proof of fatherhood had
to be filed before this deadline
to be considered for a depend
ency deferment Under the law,
fatherhood dates from concep
tion rather than birth.
This new ruling was made
necessary when students, who
had been deferred to finish
their college education, mar
ried and had children, which
made them' draft-proof. De
pendency deferments had risen
12,000 to 14,000 a month. Now,
man Knows In advance that
marriage and a family will not
keep him out of the draft. The
first casualty is expected to be
Cupid,-- who has lost a potent
arrow from his quiver.
APPROPRIATE NAME
Honolulu (U.B The first
president of the newly organ
ized Hawaii Weed Conference
took office today. His nane
is Alan D. Thistle.
ick Rentschler.
In conclusion," said Doo
little, "I have been asked to
announce that there is a bus
waiting at the Sixteenth street
entrance to take officers back
to the Pentagon."
iCopytlihl 1H
IT'S THE
k a
OFTTIMES ITS THI
UTTU THINGS THAT AM
MOST IMPORTANT...
A NO WE HEED THE
SMALLEST DCTAl M
YOUR SERVO.
Furural Service Sine 1878
Wtene 3-9139 Church at ferrj
SAIEM, OREGON