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Capital AJournal
An Independent Newspaper Established 1888
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor and Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che
meketa St., Salem. Phones: Business, Newsroom, Wont
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409.
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CHINESE REDS AND
The Chinese have their
remarkable aptitude for assimilating Americana to fit
their purpose. Witness their designation of Amercan
prsoners of war whon they have successfully Indoctrin
ated with communist propaganda as political "progres
sives, a name that will stick.
Fanmunjom dispatches state the Reds claim that 400
of the American FOW still
freedom and return borne because they have chosen com
Biunist rule. 'Many of them
prisoners as informers who
rades to secure better food
lation on their release or
hence have cast their lot with
There have been three "progressive" political parties
In the United States in national elections. The first
adopting the title was the political party led by Theodore
Roosevelt in 1912, with the
The second was led by Robert
who ran as the candidate of
Political Action. The third was led by the visionary
Henry Wallace in 1943 m candidate of the "Progressive
Party," which had the active support of communists and
has since been repudiated by
. All three of these reform
principles, and as socialism is
munism, the Chinese bit the
term their FOW adherents as
The F. D. Roosevelt administration called itself "lib
eral" as well as progressive but was in fact a socialist
labor party and the '"Americans for Democratic Action"
follow the same pattern and also may deserve the label
"progressive" in the Chinese sense. At any rate Chinese
are shrewd enough to know a "progressive", when they
capture him. G. P.
INDIAN TREATY WITH TEETH
The casual manner in which American white men dis
regarded their treaties with the Indians is one of the least
creditable chapters iu our history. Whatever we wanted
we took, until recent years, after we had virtually evry
thing and could afford to be generous.
Typical of the recent and far better atttiude is a de
cision of the Idaho supreme court the other day, holding
that Nez Perce Indians can hunt game the year around
' in the Nez Perce National forest in complete disregard
of Idaho's game laws.
Basis of the decision is an agreement between repre
sentatives of the U.S. government and the tribe in 1855,
In which the Indians were told that they would have the
right to hunt on open and unclaimed lands "forever."
Exemption of one class of citizens from laws of general
application violates a fundamental American principle,
but if it has to be violated we can imagine no better cir
cumstance than this, which affirms the binding character
of a treaty entered into good faith by the tribe when it
owned the whole region and when the claims of the white
man were none too strong. Now the relative position of
the two parties is reversed but the obligation remains
binding.
If there is another moral it is the wisdom of putting a
time limit on treaties. "Forever" is quite & long time,
and lots of conditions change.
WHERE POLITICS IS REALLY ROUGH
American politicians talk glibly of getting their throats
cut or getting scalped, but they don't mean it literally. In
our panty waist politics the worst that ever happens is
the loss of a plush job, and sometimes'only a loss of rank
when the wrong fellows get elected.
But in some of those robust eastern lands such as Iran,
throat cutting is to be taken at face value. Three hun
dred persons lost their lives in a roughhouse incident to
the latest change of administration, while others had to
be helped from the scene of the festivities.
Now old Mossadegh, the strong man of yesterday, is
unceremoniously yanked from what is described as a
"plush officers club" to an unplush jail, there to await
the pleasure of his successors in the f leshpots of power.
' The shah talks of throwing the book at the old man,
meaning the death penalty. The offense will be "treason"
which in that country means zigging when one should
have zagged.
From this safe distance we hope the shah relents and
lets old Mossy weep out his days in peace. Though as a
matter of precaution we'd assign a few guards to watch
him do it. For Mossy is probably no more willing to be
turned out to pasture than was Napoleon after the battle
of Leipsic. The itch for power is as incurable a disease
as cancer and sometimes as fatal.
FIRST LYNCHING FOR 1953
Lynching has been dying
year there was none in the entire United States.
But there evidently was one the other day in North
Carolina, to mar the 1953 record. A 80-ycar-old negro is
said to have been put to death in a particularly revolting
manner, tied by a rope or wire and dragged behind a
speeding automobile. His bruised body was found beside
the road.
There Is only one decent course for North Carolina
officers and we think they will pursue it, which is to
make every effort to identify and then to prosecute the
killers for murder. A conviction and execution for such
an offense would go far to prevent its repetition else
where in the south.
REST ROOM TROUBLES IN MALHEUR
Some wise man has written "happy is that people whose
annals are brief."
This thought is prompted by a controversy that has
the good people of Malheur county choosing up sides. At
issue is the location of the new rest rooms (out houses to
you old timers) at the county fair grounds in Ontario.
Objectors contend that they will ocupy one of the most
conspicuous spots in the (rounds and that they shouldn't,
though their importance is net minimized.
From this presumably safe distance we view the contro
versy with a fine, judicial impartiality and venture only
to say that a county in which such a matter can grip the
attention of tho body politic must be in pretty good order,
with no very serious ailments.
'PROGRESSIVES'
limitations but they have
in stockades may not accept
are dubbed by their fellow
spied and betrayed their com
and treatment and fear retal
have swallowed communism,
their Red captors.
Bull Moose as their emblem,
M. LaFollette of Wisconsin,
the League for Progressive
Sir. allacc.
parties advocated socialistic
bat the first stage of com
nail on the head when they
"progressives."
out in recent years. Last
TO NIP JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
WHEN &Ut IS
GOOD, CIVE
HlrA A PAT
OH THE BACK-
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Captain Back From Korea
Dissatisfied With Truce
By RELMAN MORIN
For Hal Boyle
New York W Capt. Bern
Price, of the U. S. Marines,
walked into the office the oth
er day, fresh from Korea.
Naturally, I asked, "What do
you guys think of the armis
tice?" "Not much," said Bern.
"They're not satisfied to have
it end this way."
Ho went on to say that the
war could have been carried to
a complete military decision
in our favor.
Coming from a Marine, of
course any other report would
have been a surprise. But there
is more to it than the insignia
on nis cap. price had the un
usual experience of serving in
Korea twice, in two totally dif
ferent roles.
On, his first hitch, he was a
correspondent He came over
early in that hot summer of
1950, covered the retreat and
then the siege on the line laid
down by Gen. Walker. After
the North Koreans collapsed,
and the war disintegrated into
a pursuit and mop-up, Bern
came home.
He had been in the Marines
in the Second World War, how
ever. So, a year or so ago, Un
cle Sam called him and Dres-
ently he was on his way back
out to the old stamping ground,
this time in uniform.
In short, he has seen the war
from more diflcrcnt angles
than most of .us ever could.
rtnn. h. I", " ... n"vw
tn,: iVSSi -T.aS5
What we should have
then destroy their armies in
Korea."
The Chinese have boasted of
their depth-defenses, presuma
bly a system of bunkers, tren
ches and emplacements going
back four or five miles, solid
ly. "We didn't think much of the
depth defenses," he said. "Ev
ery time we punched through
the outer crust, they would re
act quickly and pretty well.
But it didn't look to us as
though they had the means of
DENNJS the MENACE
one oio rr. Dotfr ce
thecaWaL' jfjTjfiNAL.' SafcaC fticon
'
moving troops and material
around quickly enough to seal
off a real breakthrough.'
' This coincides pretty well
with the opinion of Gen. James
A. Van Fleet. When he came
back, some months ago, he told
this reporter, "The Chinese are
nothing once you get 'em mov
ing backward."
"Then why didn't we open a
real offensive?" I asked Bern.
I don't know," he said,
"Nobody could make sense out
of it. We would take one of
their positions, and then pull
oacK on order.
He said the Marine officers
reasoned that they were losing
more men in the stationary war
that finally developed than
would have been lost in an
all-out push. "Which officers?"
I asked. "The big brass?"
"All of thent," he said, "Any
second lieutenant would tell
you we should have been push
ing Instead of sitting there."
So If you drive up to the
Yalu River again, then what?
It would still be necessary to
keep the whole Army more or
less intact, guarding the long
border, even though the fight
ing had stopped.
Bern conceded that. But he
said, "You're going to have to
keep most of the Army ready
anyway. And If we're going to
stop, the river is the spot, not
where we are.
"In the first place, the prob
lem of unifying Korea would
be solved automatically. In the
second, it would be a lot better
to bargain with the Chinese on
their own border than down at
the 38th parallel"
These ideas are not confin
ed to the Marine Corps. A good
many regular Army officers
feel the lame way.
History, alone, will show
whether signing the armistice
at this time was the right
course to take.
By Ketcham
so sof-conscious!
IN THE BUD
y1 -i.r !
-WHEN HE'S dAfe
SAME THING,
ONLY LOWER DOWN,
AND HARDER f
Salem 11 Years Ago
I By BEN MAXWELL
August 26, 1942
Three Nazi panzer divisions
were reported closing In
Stalingrad.
Head of the U. S. army ordi
nance mission had said Brit
ish and Americans were pro
ducing a secret weapon which
would prove a great surprise
to the Germans.
' Fire that had destroyed the
second flax shed at the peni
tentiary in a week's time at
the loss of 900 tons of flax
had an incendiary origin.
Hop growers at Independ
ence had appealed for 15,000
pickers.
Governor Charles Sprague
had asked state police to
"crack down" on speeders vio
lating the 40 mile an hour war
limit.
A Spokane girl had married
her soldier friend in Australia
by cablegram.
Four men had started work
on an experimental basis as
clerks In state liquor store at
Portland.
Depressing news of the dan
gerous position of Stalingrad
had also depressed the Ameri
can stock market.
Oregon's quota for new,
first grade tires had been
sharply cut for September.
Only 529 new tires had been
allowed.
For the first three months
of 1942 Oregon motorists had
used 12,828,229 less gallons of
gasoline than for a correspond
ing period in 1941.
More than 55,000 naval re
serve commissions had been
issued to civilians since pas
sage of the selective service
act September 16, 1940.
Frugal living and purchase
of war bonds had been advised
by James J. Hunter, president
of the Bank of California, to
ease readjustment following
the war.
A nursery school for the
benefit of working mothers
had started in Stayton school
under supervision of Isobel
McGilchrlst, Salem.
Lawmakers vs. TV
La Grande Observer
Television, which cana give
a ringside seat at tne making
of history, doesn't seem to be
winning its way into the hearts
of our lawmakers in Wash
ington. Or at least, not Into
the hearts of the committee
chairmen who decide wheth
er TV shall be allowed.
With certain well-publicized
exceptions, the chairmen ap
pear to have a definite dis
taste for TV coverage of their
hearings.
Some believe sincerely that
the cameras have no place in
the committee room. They
feel they distract and disturb
witnesses, that they dominate
the scene with their equip
ment and thus tend to create
a circus atmosphere not suit
able to sane legislative' pro
ceedings. One lawmaker says TV Is
firmly set as a "teacher of liv
ing history." Apparently the
powers on Capitol Hill would
Just as soon have the public
get its history in leu dramatic
but also less disillusioning
WASHINGTON MERRYrGO-ROUND
Rayburn Talks to Dewey About Cabinet
Washington Governor
De'wey had 'a significant talk
with democratic leader Sam
Rayburn .he other day which
Indicated that the No. 1 man in
securing Eisenhower's nomlan
Hon in Chicago a ysar ago is
now pretty much on the Eisen-
hewer sidelines. Dewey had
come to Washington to push
his legislation for cleaning up
the New Jersey-New York wat
erfront, and dropped in to see
ex-Speaker Rayburn in order
to secure democratic support.
Ravburn told hm he thor
oughly agreed With the legis
lation and would push it
which he did.
But after discussing water
front problems, Dewey asked
the democratic leader how he
thought things were going in
Washington and particularly
who In the cabinet was doing
a good job.
"Well, this fellow Wilson Is
no help," Rayburn replied, re
ferring to the secretary of de
fense., "and neither is Sinclair
Weeks, or this fellow Benson,
or John Foster Dulles.
"However, Ike's got a good
man in Humphrey and joe
Dodge," continued Rayburn,
referring to the secretary of
the treasury and the director of
the budget.
"How's Brownell doing?"
Dewey asked, referring to the
attorney general, who was
Dewey' campaign manager in
1S48.
"All right," replied Rayburn.
He knows what the score It.
Federal Dictation
Albany Democrat-Herald
The Oregon State System of
Higher Education was quite
right in declining to allow the
federal government to dictate
the teaching personnel of a
correspondence program to be
given for the U. S. Armed
Forces Institute. A- provision
of the arrangement reads that
the contractor (the govern
mcnt) will not employ or re-
tain for the performance of
services under this contract
such persons as are disap
proved by the government."
While 28 higher education
al institutions have accepted
the contract as it stands, Ore
gon's refusal to accept It coin
cides with the action of 12
other organizations the uni
versities of California, Geor
gia, Kansas, Illinois, Michigan,
Minnesota, Nebraska, New
Mexico, North Carolina, Wyo
ming, Western Kentucky, and
Louisiana State.
Officials of the Oregon
state system hold it seems to
us
correctly that they can-
not accede to the clause that
would take away the right of
the state to determine the
qualifications of its own in
structors.
Probably the government In
tent is to bar any teachers
suspected of subversive ten
dencies. Few if any would be
affected, but the principle of
home rule for the institutions
Is involved.
We get a hint out of this
incident as to the sort of thing
that would develop - If the
movement to have the federal
government contribute sub
stantially to the support of
higher educational institutions
should succeed. The tendency
for the man paying the fid
dler (or piper) to insist on
calling the tune would in time
become irresistible.
THEY SMELT SMELT
Los Altos, Calif. UB The
town of Los Altos smelled of
smelt today.
Smelt were found yesterday
In the town's police car, in the
night deposit chute at the
First National Bank, and in
the mail drops at several bus
iness establishments.
Patrolman Burnell Dillard
tracked down the prankster, a
14-year-old boy, and made him
dispose of the rest of his catch.
FIRE IN FIRE HOUSE
Glendale, Calif. U.B Two
-engine companies, a noox
and ladder truck, salvage
truck, four police cars and two
motorcycles were dispatched to
put out the fire which broke
out In a fire hydrant's wooden
housing.
ALASKA BUYS ICE
Ottawa UJ9 The Bureau of
Statistics reported today that
Canada exported $144 worth
of ice last June to Alaska.
Back to School
with
ARROW
WHITE STAG
LORD JEFF
INTERWOVEN
WEMBLEY
WOOLRICH
SWANK
at
ALEX JONES
121 N. High St.
By DREW PEARSON
But most of the people around
Eisenhower don't understand
DOliUCS."
"And noli tics." observed
nnwr. "is one of (the most
skilled sciences there are.
Ravburn concurred; then
made some friendly observa
tions about the fact that Eisen
hower needed some good poli
tical advice from republicans
who are skilled at politics, such
as Dewey,
"There's nothing," observed
the governor of New York, "so
unappreciated as unsolicited
advice."
DROUGHT LOANS
When Undersecretary cf Ag
riculture True D. Morse told
President Eisenhower and
southwest farmers in Denver
the other day that drought
loan applications "had been
less than expected," he referred
to a puzzling farm phenom
enon. ,
Though congress appropria
ted $150 million for the
drought emergency, only
trickle of loan applications has
been received from parched
southwest farmers. Agriculture
department officials in Wash
ington are at a loss to under
stand why.
Final result's do not reach
Washington with much speed
but as of August 7, only 308
loan applications had been re
ceived 161 from Texas; 52
from. Missouri; 27 from Okla
noma; 21 from Kansas; 20 from
New Mexico; 16 from Arkan
sas, and 11 from Colorado.
Out of these, a total of 32
leans has been granted,
amounting to only $697,360.
Agriculture officials theor
ize that the $150 million au
thorization for loans must have
stabilized conditions. In other
words, the banks must have
gained new confidence from
the government's action and
are now granting loans to farm
ers direct. It loans are avail
able through private channels,
the government will not do bus
iness with the cattlemen.
WASHINGTON WHIRL
Senator McCarthy is so upset
over the senate report on his
weird financial transactions
that he personally stormed into
the Woodward and Lothrop
bookstore and tried to argue
them out of selling any copies
of the report When Senator
Jenner of Indiana took over
the senate rules committee he
promptly stopped the printing
of any further government
printing office copies of the
McCarthy report. However,
.Beacon Press of Boston has put
out a special edition which is
selling like hot cakes. . . . A
dozen government agencies
are shopping for efficiency ex
perts to help them trim down
to fit their budsets. The de
fense department alone has set
aside one million dollars for
private management surveys.
. The government has sent
out an appeal to scientists to
invent a radar telephone, so
seamen can talk to the ships
they pick up on radar in a fog.
. Secretary of Commerce
Weeks' can't get the Justice
department to approve his new
business service agency. He
wants to set up advisory coun
cils to furnish businessmen
with Information on business,
manufacturing and agriculture.
However, the justice depart
ment is still afraid it may vio
late the anti-trust laws. . . .
The truce caught the army
with such a store of battle ra
tions on hand that it' been
feeding the surplus K-rations
to G.I.s in this country. (Giving
them a taste of what the boys
at the front had to eat.) . . .
CIO President, Walter Reuther
had told top democrats that
they'll get no CIO support or
money If any deal Is made with
the Dixlecrats. . . . Dwight
Palmer, head of General Cable,
may be the next chairman of
the democratic national com
mittee a liberal big-businessman,
j
Wednesday, Anfuat 2, 195X
GREEK BEARS GIFT
Greek Ambassador Poll
looxeo a luue surued whJ
be received a cauer the oth,
day. The caller was William i
Hells, Jr., of New Orleans, J
of the Greek imimgrant wh
owned one oi tne top rsci
stables In the U. S.
Bill Helis, Sr., had obtain,
concessions from the Gretl
government before the war t
develop oil in Greece. The wj
upset these operations, and thi
Germans ana Italians confia
cated all this machinery. Bu
after the war, under his con
tract with the Greek govern
men i, neu wa required tii
arm to suuiciem aeptn nrinJ
to September 30, 1953, In ordej
to xeep nis concessions,
But Helis, sr.. Is now duit
but Bill Helis, Jr., dropped inj
to tne (jreeit emoassy to tell
Ambassador Folitis that he
would go through with the nec.
essary arming oeiore Septem
ber.
cui- wnsi pieasanuy tur.
pnsea tne amDassaaor was Hel
is's further report that hi
would turn over all royalties
from oil and all profits from
tne venture to a Greek founds,
tlon for the promotion o
health, education, and closer
cultural ties between - the
Greek and American people.
Thus the son of a Greek im.
migrant who has succeeded in
the U. S. embarks on an en.
lightened policy clmed to pro
mote democracy oeiween thi
United States and Greece.
(Coprrliht lwp
OPEN FORUM
Adlai's Return Recalls
Noted Campaign Error
To the Editor: Adlai Steven.
son's global tour, just ended,
recalls his momentous miscal.
dilation in the election. Stev.
enson, not Eisenhower, was th
first to receive, duting the pres
idential campaign, the sugges.
tioon to visit Korea. Stevenson
said (Life, March 2, '53) "In
early August I decided, if elect
ed, to make a quick trip to Ja
pan, Korea and India. ... We
kept the plan secret, fearful it
might be construed as a politi
cal gesture. This may have been
mistake."
Democratic H. Q. castigated
the original Eisenhower an
nouncement of the Korean trip
as "unworthy" and "demagog,
uery" (Truman, Dec. 12, '52).
But later Stevenson mused
(wistfully) that his reluctance
to disclose then, himself, a pro
jected early visit to Korea was
mistake, lamenting his un
rtunate strategy, and dis
counting his fears and scruples.
Election - wise Jim Farley
said the "Korean visit really
swung the election . . . was
the knockout punch of the cam
paign." Numerous commenta
tors agreed. Stevenson, himself
(Madras, May 8, '53) selected
this Korean affair as the fore
most reason for Eisenhower's
victory.
It may now be disclosed and
confirmed that Gov. Stevenson
did, in fact, get "in early Au
gust" the suggestion to visit
Korea. It was airmailed to him
personally, In detail, on August
1952, and duly acknowledged
for the governor, by Stephen
Mitchell, democratic chairman.
It seems generally accepted
Emmet Hughes, a Life editor,
supplied (much later) Gen.
Eisenhower with the idea of
that decisive visit to Korea. It
is interesting to speculate how
much world events might have
since differed had not Steven
son made this mistake.
M. V. McKEON,
643 Union St.
WHEN'LL WE LEARN?
(Frank Jenkins In Medford
Mail-Tribune)
When will the people (In
cluding us Americans) learn
that good government comes
to the people only through the
enlightened efforts ' of the
people themselves? Good gov
ernment never has come to
any people by accident. Good
government never will come
to any people oy accident.
ways.