II
Pat 4
Capital AJournal
An Independent Newspoper Established 1838
BERNARD MAINWARING, Editor and Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che
meketa St., Salem. Phones: Business, Newsroom, Wont
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409.
M ImmI Wtre Santas t (ka aaaartstse mas u4 (to CaHel Tim.
Tto a rtstsa Press It aaclaalrsl anuusd U u m far auaucaltoa f
S aa alwaUhaa crsdnatl ta at at atbarwlaa araellaa ta Ibla aala aad
alia am auaiuaas than.
CRISIS IN MOROCCO
The French have installed Moulay Mohammed Ben
Arafa, 64-year-old Berber from the hill counrty aa Sultan
of Morocco, and dethroned his anti-French cousin, former
Sultan Sidl Mohammed Ben Youssef and sent him into
exile on Corsica. The new sultan has apparently been
accepted by religious leaders, for he was welcomed by
them and expected rioting has' not yet developed among
followers of the rival chiefs.
The loudest protest against
ist minded sultan, spiritual leader and nominal ruler for
25 years came from the Arab-Asian bloc in the United
Nations. Xenophobia, hatred of foreigners, has lately
characterized the Arab world from Iran to Morocco and
Is the cause of most of the unrest in both Asia and Africa.
The civil strife that has caused French difficulties are
inherent in the unsatisfactory relationship between the
protectorate and Paris. Though the French are not
to blame in the present difficulty, it was neither unex
pected nor unnatural The Berber leaders refused to con
sider the deposed nationalist sultan as the religious head
of the state. French intervention prevented a plebiscite
on his removal as temporal head and factional violence
followed.
Both racial and political factors were at work. The
people for centuries have been composed of the Berbers,
the warlike, original inhabitants, and the Arabs and
Moors. The French pacified the two races, but latent an
tagonisms remain, complicated by the political problem
of nationalism and independence.
The Istiglal party headed the effort for independence
and the old sultan went along with them. Another fac
tion headed by El Glaue is pro-French, though not offi
cially backed by France, whose mission is a civilizing one.
But France has eTideatfy bungled the job by going too
slowly both in Indochina and Morocco in granting a
greater degree of independence for which he Arab world
is aflame, but not for democracy. G. P.
ADLAI STEVENSON'S RETURN
While Dwight Eisenhower has been literally and figura
tively sweating in Washington, his 1952 presidential
rival, Adlai Stevenson, has been enjoying a trip around
the world, occasionally sweating literally for he went
through equatorial countries, but never figuratively.
Now Adlai has returned to
ably better informed man, for his splendid mind is capable
of soaking in and evaluating what he saw to a degree few
others would. It is fortunate he could take the time for
such an extended tour of inspection and unfortunate our
leaders who hold office cannot take the time to do so.
Adlai will have much to say in speeches and magazine
articles and his first utterances may not set the pattern
of those to come. However, it is significant that his first
comments were completely nonpolitical and sympathetic
with what the Eisenhower administration is trying to do.
And he seemed to be more optimistic about how the cold
war is going than many of us who have stayed at home.
Unfortunately Adlai cannot continue to take this view
and be the leader of the Democratic party. If he takes a
broad, unpartisan position and stays with it he will lose
party standing and others with louder voices and fewer
inhibitions will replace him in the jockeying for position
for the 1956 presidential race, which is already on.
So we'll soon learn whether Adlai is to be a statesman
or a politician. It seems impossible for one in his position
to be both, and it's a great pity, for we need statesmen
out of office almost as much as we reed them in.
Whatever the role he chooses to play, we predict that
Adlai Stevenson will be felt, for he has the mind and char
acter for a major place in national affairs. And he might
violate the traditional rules and make it pay off. He did
in 1952, when he said he would "shoot himself" if nom
inated and was nominated anyway. We suppose some
thing as unorthodox could happen again, hut it would be
like lightning striking twice in the same place.
OUR NAMESAKE'S TROUBLES
Old Salem, Mass., the original of all the newer Salems
throughout the various states, is in difficulties, according
to a -story we note in the New York Times.
The old town, now outstripped by its younger Oregon
namesake in population, and we suspect in many other
respects, is faced with the loss of one of its principal
industries, the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Co., a 114-year-old
textile mill employing 800 persons.
The mill is now operating at a loss and will shut down
for good when its present supply of cotton is exhausted,
unless there is sufficient new business to put the insti
tution above the break-even point. Business leaders and
officials of the C. I. 0. Textile Union are working to
gether in an effort to keep the mill open.
This crisis in the life of a city in which Salem, Oregon,
will always feel an affectionate interest spotlights a situa
tion which is becoming general throughout New England,
industry pulling out because the south offers more favor
able labor and tax conditions, and more efficient opera
tions in the new mills which are built there to replace
obsolete New England mills.
VICTORY FOR LAW AND ORDER
Officials at the Monroe, Wash., state reformatory, a
Junior penitentiary, seem to have taken a leaf out of the
Oregon book in dealing with an uprising and to have
been equally successful.
They herded the men Into the prison yard, gave their
cells a thorough search and then put them back into their
cells, with no date set for the resumption of normal con
vict privileges. However, they were less fortunate than
their Oregon colleagues, for one man was killed and three
injured at Monroe.
The important point is that the officers "put down the
rebellion" and the prisoners came off second best at every
point. Thus the basis for future order is established.
Convicts will be no more likely
er-minded dictators if they
Multnomah Captures
A.A.U. Swim Event
The Dalits. Ore. VPi The
Multnomah Athletic club of
Portland compiled 44S point
Sunday to capture the Oregon
Open AAU swimming and div
ing championships.
Other scores Included: Aero
the exiling of the national
the homeland, a consider
to start trouble than pow
are pretty sure to be beaten,
Club of Portland, 278 points;
Salem YMCA, SI; Idaho Swim
Club of Weiser, 46; The Dalles,
37; Seattle YMCA, 23; Colum
bia Athletic Club, Portland,
23; Northwest YMCA, Port
land, 21; ML Vernon, Wash.,
TMtA, zu; uiympia. Wash,
20; Washington Athletic Club,
Seattle, 19; Spokane, 18; SL
Helens, Ore.. 10; Ritivllle,
Wash., 8; LaGrande, Ore- 8;
Tri-City, T. .
W tfk r ,
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Congressional Medal for
Sgt. Miyamura Pondered
By RELMAN MORIM
For Hal Boyle
New York VP) There was a
story in the papers the other
day that set me thinking about
i that painfully familiar word,
"minorities.
An American sergeant, freed
in Korea, was awarded the
Congressional Medal of Honor.
This is America's highest mili
tary decoration, and as you
might expect, the citation reads:
"His indomitable heroism and
consummate devotion to duty
reflect the utmost glory on him
self and uphold the highest tra
ditions of the military service."
'i'ne sergeant's name Is Hiro-
jhl Miyamura.
Nobody will ever know how
many Buys named Smith, Jones,
Brown, McLeod and O'Rourke
are alive today because he
stayed behind, alone, blasting
with a machinegun.
Nor can we estimate how
much this country owes the
442nd Regimental Combat
Team although the Army
tried by hanging more combat
medals, per man, on that out
fit than any other In the last
Press Intimidation
Washington Post
We urge our readers to note
elsewhere in this issue the
comment of members of a spe
cial committee of the Ameri
can Society of Newspaper Ed
itors on Senator McCarthy's
treatment of James A. Wechs-
ler. Mr. Wechsler, the editor
of the New York Post, was
summoned twice before the
McCarthy subcommittee, and
under the pretext of question
ing about books he had writ
ten, was subjected to intensive
Interrogation about editorials
In his newspaper critical of
Senator McCarthy. The ques
tion, of course, is not wheth
er Mr. Wechsler actually was
intimidated, but whether he
was answerable to an arm of
the government for his edi
torial comments.
If the first amendment were
Invoked only after lntimda
ton had been demonstrated,
then obvously it would not be
much protection. As Telford
Taylor has observed, the first
amendment exists "for the
protection of the faint-hearted
as well as the stout-heart
ed." A good deal more lm
portant than the particular
issues in this case is that the
attempt at intimidation is rec-
ognized for what it is. The
newspapers are the custodians
of the right of the public to
uncemored reporting and un
inhibited comment devoid of
pressure from government.
Unless the newspapers recog
nise the threat to their own
freedom, they can scarcely
expect succesfully to defend
freedom for others.
SHE NEEDED TO HI RRT
Toronto, OnL OJ Police
chased a truck at 80-milean-hour
speeds until It crashed
into a ditch. Mrs. Peter Dryiw
crawled unhurt from the
wreckage. She said she had
been hurrying to the hospital
to have a baby. Police put her
and her husband Into their pa
trol car and headed again for
the hospital. But the stork de
livered the baby before they
arrived.
THE CATTtAL 'jOVBSJ' brtvm
GOING AND COMING
war. It was composed exclus
ively of American-born Japan
ese.
That's the good side of the
picture. But there is 'another.
How many potential Medal
of Honor winners, how many
artists ana scientists, how many
plain good citizens, have been
lost to America because the
concept of minorities still per
sists? What does it cost us.
every .day, to set people apart
by reason of race or color?
Here is the case: . ,
During the last war, this
writer was a prisoner of the
Japanese for about a year.
There was an investigation on
charges of espionage.
The interpreter was a bright
young fellow who spoke per
fect English. One day, he took a
ferocious risk. He told me he
was an American, born in Cali
fornia. Two of his brothers
were then serving in the Amer
ican Army. He had been im
pressed into the Japanese
Army.
If you ever get home," he
said, "I wish you'd deliver a
message to my family. Tell
them I'd like to be with my
brothers in the Army."
And how did he happen to
be in the wrong uniform?
"You como from California,"
he said. "You remember how it
was."
I knew what he meant.
There were the days of the
"Yellow Peril," the Japanese
"picture brides," and aU the
weird nonsense about how "the
Japs" were all spies and plan
ning to take over the Los An
geles city hall any minute now.
What was worse, they used to
work In their truck gardens on
Saturdays and Sundays. How
can you compete with a sinister
Oriental who works on' Sun
day? It was strictly unfair,
dirty pool.
The fact that the Japanese
were practically model citizens
mattered not at all. A Japan
ese name seldom, if ever, ap
peared in the crime news. Dur
ing the depression, none was
on relief rolls. They always
were among the first to meet
their quotas in the Commun
ity Chest and Red Cross drives.
Their homes and stores, and the
very streets in "Little Tokyo"
were spotlessly clean.
That didn't help much In
those days. You see, the con
figuration of their eyes was
different from ours.
Tinally. I eouldrft take U
any more," he sajd. "Especially
in high school, I felt as though
I didn't belong. I thought,
'okay, if I'm not an American,
there's no . use trying to be
one.
So he left this country, went
to Japan, got a job. When the
war came, the Japanese army
grabbed him. He was especial
ly useful because of his lan-
guage and there was nothing
he could do about it
"I'm sorry now," he said. "I
guess I was pretty dumb."
Who knows? He might have
been another Sergeant Miya
mura. He might have been one
of those in the 442nd RCT. He
might have contributed any
number of Invaluable services
to the country that bore him,
How many people are Com
munists, spies, traitors, fester
tng enemies because "I felt as
though I didn't baloof ?"
California Politics
By RAYMOND MOLEY
Santa Barbara, Calif. Cali
fornia's great growth ia popu
lation and wealth is a twice
told tale. Its growing import
ance in the national political
arena also is becoming known.
But it must be added that there
is growing maturity and con
servatism which will be news
to those who remember the
vagaries of the past. The "pro
duction for use" and "ham and
eggs" movements are only lur
id memories. The Townsend
movement, I understand, is now
located in Cleveland, Ohio.
Despite an overwhelming
democratic registration the
state has been going republican
since IfiSft WhilA Onvprnnr
Earl Warren's republicanism is
the subject of much republican
criticism he has won repeated
victories. In 1950, Richard Nix
on won the senatorship by a
large majority and William
Knowland won renomination
and electioon in 1952 by the
most tremendous majority ever
cast for a candidate in the state.
Eisenhower carried the state by
a substantial 800,000.
The representation of the
state in the house of represent
atives now tied at thirty for
second place with Pennsylvan
ia is mostly republican. The
figures are eighteen republicans
and eleven democrats with one
republican vacancy.
In the light of the rapid
growth of the state it is inter
esting to note the relative youth
of these California members of
the house. Half of them are
under 45 years. Most of the
younger ones are like Vice
President Nixon, veterans of
the second World War. Eleven
are serving their first term.
The importance of the state
in Washingtotn is underlined by
Nixon's vice presidency and
Knowland's position as major
ity leader in the senate.
Despite this pleasant picture
republicanism in the state faces
a very serious crisis. The gov
ernorship, the senatorial seat
held by Thomas H. Kuchel,
Warren's appointee to the Nix
on seat, and all the congression
al seats must be contested next
year. Kuchel is not well known
and against a strong democrat
would have a hard fight to win.
Several of the republican house
members were elected by slim
margins and without Eisenhow
er on the ticket will have hard
going.
The key to the situation Is
the future of Governor Earl
Warren. It Is not known at the
moment whether he will seek
a fourth term. But whether he
does or not it is the intention
of Lieutenant Governor Good
win Knight to seek the gover
norship in the primary.
Knight's record as a vote-get.
ter is amazing. He is a tireless
campaigner and is in deadly
earnest in his ambition to be
governor. He also will have the
support ol powerful repuDii-
cans who are convinced that
Warren is too far to the lefL
How a contest in the primaries
between the two would result
is not the question that con
cerns people interested in the
success of the republican party
in November. The point Is that
a Warren-Knight fight would
endanger the Kuchel cause and
those of all the republican
house members who hold office
by slim majorities.
. Hence, there is ardent hop
ing that soma way will be found
to get Warren out of the race
for governor. The most conven
ient means would be to have the
president give him a federal
position suitable to his emin
otpa and hia tinrlmihted nnnn-
llarity. Most frequently men-
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Armed Forces Joint Buying
Only Partially Realized
ly DREW
' Washington Ever since the
army and navy allegedly were
unified, efficiency experts nave
been trying to eliminate the
greatest waste in government
duplicate buying by the armed
services. The three services
waste millions bidding against
each other for common use
items and this was one of the
things unification was supposed
to abolish.
Yet, after four years of talk
and tons of paper work, agree
ment has been reached on the
standardized purchase of only
five items toilet paper, two
types of soap, and two types of
paper towels. This leaves 298,.
993 common-use items regard
ing which the armed services
still bid against each other,
One bottleneck has been Rus
sell Forbes, No. 2 man of the
general services administration
which buys for most govern'
ment agencies. Ironically- it
was Forbes who drafted the un
ified purchasing plan in the
first place but now seems to
be unable to carry out his own
plan. Forbes was finally given
nothing else to do except ar
range for the general services
administration to take over the
purchasing, stocking, and dls.
tributing of every-day items
used by the armed services.
Yet except for toilet paper,
soap, and paper towels, he has
accomplished little sgore than
hold meetings and write letters.
As a result of Forbes' slow-
motion campaign, the three
services are still competing
with each other on the open
market for such common-use
articles as pencils, paper, fur-
niture, light bulbs, carpets, and
Venetian blinds.
ONE MILLION PENCILS
For example, the three serv
ices spend more than $73 mil
lion on stationery and paper
alone. Expeits claim at least
$25 million would be saved if
the general services administra
tion did the buying for all
three. For until the supply sys
tems are unified, the ' army,
navy, and air force will con
tinue to indulge in the costly
luxury of overbuying.
For instance, the army has
full year's supply of paper
towels on hand, while the navy
has millions of pencils stored
away. Yet if the air force needs
towels or pencils, it will go out
and buy more of its own in
stead of drawing from the al
ready overstocked army and
navy warehouses.
Technically, GSA has already
taken over much of the pur
chasing for the air force. How
ever, this still hasn't been com
bined with the army and navy,
so little saving has resulted.
Meanwhile, Forbes holds
area of understanding" meet
ings every' week and writes
letters at the rate of three a
week. Most of his letters are
exchanged with the Pentagon's
Admiral M. L. Ring and are ad
dressed "Dear Mort." ,
This column has seen this re
vealing correspondence and it
doesn't inspire confidence in
GSA efficiency. "Dear Mort,"
says Forbes in one letter which
gives some indication of his
dillydallying, "We discussed the
subject generally at an area of
understanding meeting. But I
believe we reached no conclu
sion as to whether action should
be Instituted. . . ."
IN THE DARK
In a rare show of candor.
Forbes complained in another
letter than he didn t really un
derstand what was happening
at the "area of understanding"
meetings.
In this current phase (of
the meetings)," he wrote, "I
find myself very much In the
dark about what we actually
decided."
At another point, Forbes' in
action apparently got under the
skin of the Pentagon brass and
caused Admiral Charles W.
Fox, then chief of naval sup
ply, to write a critical memor
andum. This caused Forbes to
complain to Admiral Ring in
a letter dated Aug. 8. 1952.
"In this-memorandum. Ad
miral Fox paints me as a poli
tician, a delayer . . ." wrote
Forbes indignantly. "In doing
so. Admiral Fox has stretched
the truth far beyond Its elastic
limits. As you so well know, I
am neither a politician nor a
delayer."
Following this outburst.
Forbes wrote more letters and
held more meetings, but as far
as the final results are con
cerned, they apply only to soap,
paper towels, and toilet paper.
NOT GOOD FOR
GENERAL MOTORS
The entire production policy
of the defense department may
be revamped as a result of a
fire at Lavonia. Mich.
The fire occurred in the giant
Gcrfpral Motors plant which
produces hydromatic transmis
sion drives for such GM cars
as Oldsmobile, Pontiae, Cadll
lac: .also such non-GM cars as
Nash, Kaiser, Lincoln. Unfor
tunately, GM had concentrated
tioned Is a seat on the United
States Supreme Court. But
there is no vacancy and all
members seem to be in excel
lent health. One republican.
who above all cherishes peace
in the party, after glancing
over the list of the black robed
members of the court remark
ed. "I wish that someone would
resign or something."
PEARSON
all its hydromatic production
in this one planL ana- as a re
sult few GM cars can be equip
ped with hydromatio until
about the first of the year.
Oldsmobile and Cadillac will
have to use Buick's dynaflow
while Pontiae will use Chev
rolet power drive at a cost of
a good many million dollars
extra to GM.
While Charley Wilson is no
longer concerned with General
Motors profits, defense depart
ment officials are concerned
with the lesson being drawn
from the Lavonia fire. For the
"single source" operation con
ducted by GM at Lavonia is
exactly what Secretary of De
fense Charley Wilson has been
preaching at the Pentagon.
Contending that what's good
for General Motors is good for
the United States, Wilson not
only has been preaching it, but
he has put in force a new pol
icy of concentrating production
only in the bigger, more emc
lent factories.
In many cases, this means
General Motors.
NOT GOOD FOB V. S.
While this will probably save
the taxpayer money, many mil
itary men feel that it also jeo
pardizes the safety of the na
tion. For one factory in time
of war can be put out of com
mission with a single A-bomb,
just as General Motors hydro
matics were knocked out of
production at Lavonia.
Under the policies of Secre
tary of State Acheson and Sec
retary of State Lovett, produc
tion was spread out among var
ious factories, many of them
small. ' This was not only to
prevent crippled production in
the event of A-bomb raids, but
also for the purpose of educat
ing Industry for possible war
production.
It is this policy of diversifi
cation which Secretary Wilson
has now reversed with his "sin
gle source" policy.
So far army-air force men
have not spoken out publlcy
against single-source produc
tion. However, General Omar
Bradley's farewell report which
vigorously opposed Wilson's
single source plan, happened
to coincide with the Lavonia
fire. As a result, military men
are less timid about expressing
their opinions.
(conmiht ini)
POOR ANALOGY
, Bend Bulletin ,
Urging a sales tax to pro
vide more money for schools,
Clarence D. Hines, Eugene city
superintendent, told an Oregon
Education association group in
Portland the other day that
income tax and property tax
will be Insufficient. "School
support cannot stand on a two-
legged stool," he is quoted as
saying. "The most logical
third leg in my opinion is a
sales tax."
The figure, we think, is
weak. After all, one does not
stand on a milking stool.
WILL DO HIM NO GOOD
Hollywood (UJ9 The Amer
ican Broadcasting Company re
ported an 85-pound television
camera stolen from its Holly-
wooa iv studios. Engineer
Marvin Headrick said the cam
era cost $8,000. But in order to
operate the camera $80,000
worth of additional equipment
is necessary.
f2
WHAT
-PV3lV DO "Jl imS
YOU
WANNA
KNOW,
JOE?
w
What's the Army Reserve got to off t met
Tv- --y 1 1 - '-'-imnniHj
4 for IS ixyt a yr at camp whfl In a nit,
It that all?
Van in a vhal lot mora. Th Mtkfactioa of fulfilltaf
your oblitatioB to your country, a ehaiKt to volnntair
to u Army achoola at full pay. opportunities for
Swomotioa and rood traininf . . . tnd tnaUy. a lifotim
ntiraramt knm at th ( of (0 bud aa your pay
nta at retirement tim.
How big is then retirement Income?
'' your lanfth of arrlea. gratta and pa rate
a rttuiujMA tnna. It can b S90 00 or mora a flxmtK
How muh rime do I have to spend to .voth
a retirement income?
Spand only 1ft daya at t camp plua 40 hours aa
additional Raarra aetiviliaa avary yaar.
YOUR COUNTRY NEEDS YOU!
S. Artery IffMnr Uftfl) iMlntctw to M i
m vHH miU U. .
f ym (MM Afwy
U. 5. Army Reserve Armory
1H Airport Road
aiem,
Monday. August 24, 195J
Salem 33 Years Ago
y IEN MAXWELL
August tl, lit
George W. Hug, auperinten.
dent of McMinnviUe schools,
had been elected superinten
dent of Salem schools to suc
ceed John W. Todd.
An order issued by Earl
Race, municipal Judge, had
named bond fees as follows;
mufflers and lights, $5; cutting
corners, $10 and more; speed
ing, $20 and more.
Prune growers in the Shaw
locality were preparing to har
vest one of the best prune
crops that had ever been
grown here.
Plans had been made to turn
Mt. Olympus, home of pagan
gods in antiquity, into a pleas
ure resort.
Max Gehlar, district attor
ney for Marion county, had
handed his resignation to Gov
ernor Olcott. James G. Helt-
zel had been appointed to
serve the remainder of the
term.
Prohibition enforcement au
thorities in Washington had
allowed that home made cider
may contain more than one
half of one per cent alcohol if
it la not intoxicating in facL
Fire had consumed the large
farm house of C. J. Bartruff
at the end of paving on Sll
verton road.
Vick Brothers had acquired
American Automobile com
pany, distributors of Oakland
cars in Salem.
J. C. Penney store had all
wool polo coating 38 inches
wide for $7.90 a yard. Bu
sick had a price of 35 cents
a ' pound for bulk coffee and
crackers for 18 cents.
William Gahlsdorf s car had
been heavily damaged in .a
State street collision. '
Fransition Congress
New York Dally News
The first session of the 83rd
Congress adjourned at 12:39
yesterday morning, with Sen
ator Wayne Morse (Ind.-Ore.)
twittering as usual till most
of the sufferers walked out on
him. Most commentator ap
parently feel that the session
accomplished little In its seven
months.
We can't see it that way We
think Congress accomplished a
number of worthwhile things.
when you consider that it was
operating in the transition
period between the old Roosevelt-Truman
era and the new
Eisenhower regime.
The trend toward socialism
was virtually halted. For ex
ample, the government-owned
synthetic rubber, plants are on
their way toward sa'ie to pri-,
vate enterprise. For another
example, the wild spending of
the Fair Dealers was material
ly cut down. And in its last
days, this session of Congress
emphatically refused to raise
the legal limit on the national
debt.
Well, let's go on from this
promising start. There is a
tremendous load of work wait
ing for the bovs in January.
MIRACLE PLANT
Kamloops, B. C. W) A
tomato plant over 40 feet long
has produced over 600 toma
toes in Cecil Le Podvin's green
house here. He credits a home
made heating system which
warms the soil for the mass
production.
Any lfftf SmiM. It
RMrv U
3
uregoa