TCI CAPITAL J0T3NAL, gtlM, Ortgni
Capital AJournal
An lndpndtnt NtwspapttwEttobilfhcd 1888 .
, BERNARD MAINWAftING, Editor and Publisher
. GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus '
PUbllihd tvwy afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che
rnekota St., Salem Phonet: Business, Newsroom, Wont
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor. 2-2409.
bS KaaaS Wtra Santas 1 tha ImiliM rnaa wi taa Pata Hank
Tha ImmiM ftw to aaalaaralf aatiuad ta tha ua lor anbUtauaa at
aB mm tmlAa trtdlMd It II etharwaM endllat s Ikla aajor and
SUISCRIPTION RATISi
p" it'. nH
GRAZING LAND GRAB BILLS
Stripped of their verbiage, the livestock ffraitaf bills
pending in congress on which open hearings are now being
held are simply attempts on the part of certain live
stock interests to grab the sw minion acres or puwic
domain and establish s tax-free monopoly of grazing
rights and eliminate competition for their use. They want
vested rights on public lands and elimination of restric
tions which prevent their destruction by over grating,
' The "Unified Land Tenancy" bills Introduced in both
houses. H. 4023 and S. 1491, are simply land grab acts,
and their eventual effect will be to give to present graz
ing permits perpetual rights and close forest and moun
tainous areas to hunters and fishermen, and enable a few
large ranch owners to gain control of these public lands
for their own use within ft few years.
, Conversion of Brazing permits into known legal rights
which permit holders could sell or lease and to turn over
to courts administrative authority that the forest depart
ment now holds will undo the conservation program 01
nfmt veara. The smaller ranchers will be nut out of busi
ness if the power to control forests is shifted to big
"stockmen for personal profits. As the Salt Lake Tribune
puts it:
"Creatine tax-free property right In pssturage on land
owned by all the people is contrary to baiic American prin
ciples . . . More important than all other uses (of the national
forests), ox course, is water production ana any anion mat
weakens safecuarat or watereneas is ox enormous concern
to all In the watt.
' "ThiH Mils would eomnletehr reverse lie tried and true
It J I I . 1 . .... . .1 4M ,L- mmtmt
food of the greatest number . . . Instead of strengthening
the livestock industry it mignt turn the clock back to the
cattle baron era. It would eliminate present restrictions on
the number of cattle or sheep that a single permittee can
graze on forest preserves encouraging concentration of permits
In a relatively few operators and giving them an added finan
cial advantage ever their neighbors.1' . -
As the Denver Post says, there are In addition to the
2350 grazing permits In Colorado forests, 12,500 permit
tees in 10 other states. It continues:
' "The disgruntled stockmen want the privileges they have
enjoyed under forest service rules and regulations turned Into
definite legal rights. They want to be allowed to sell those
legal rights whenever they sell their ranches, regardleia of
whether the new owner already has another grazing permit
for maximum use of the same forest by a single permittee.
"They wsnt to be able to sell their new rights, like any other
property right, without any reduction In the number of live
stock covered by the permit, . .-. ,
"As long as grazing on the national forests is a privilege,
not a right, the forest service has the final authority to grant
permits, cancel permits, increase permits, reduce permits or
transfer permits. But if grazing privileges suddenly became
grazing rights stockmen could go into court and sue the forest
service whenever they felt their rights were being infringed."
These grazing bills are vicious special interest meas
ures, so bad as to be indefensible and should be defeated
promptly for national well being. G. P.
BEHIND TH TIMES?
- We note that the Grand National Assembly of Turkey
has Just ratified a tripartite alliance of friendship with
Turkey's former enemies, Greece and Yugoslavia, by
unanimous vote. - . '
The treaty had been previously approved by the two
Balkan countries and will now go into effect, continuing
a broad gauge policy these long embittered powers have
followed in recent years, which has helped buttress the
western world against Communist aggression.
Turkish policy has been singularly cooperative ever
since the days of Kemmal Attaturk, its famous ruler
In the period between the two world wars. He faced
ancient Turkey west Instead of east, made peace with
Turkey's old enemies and kept it, even with Soviet Rus
sia so long as the Soviet would let him.
But what Intrigued us most about the Turkish parlia
mentary vote on the treaty was that it was unanimous,
a thing that couldn't possibly have happened in America.
Britain or France. Turkey must be way behind the times
in one phase of democratic government, namely politi
cal demagoguery. Not a single Turkish solon evidently
saw the publicity opportunity to win attention as a pro-
xessionai aginer or viewer with aiarmer.
WE ADD THE MOLEY COLUMN
Beginning today the Capital Journal is adding the Ray
mond xnoiey column to its editorial page.
Moley, who was F.D.R.'s principal speech writer in
the 1932 campaign and who was the chief organizer of
his first brain trust; left the new deal in 1936 because
he found himself in disagreement with too many of its
policies.
' Since 1937 he has been editor and more recentlv con
tributing editor of Newsweek and a lecturer on politics
at Columbia university. He is one of the wisest journal
istic observers of the contemporary American scene, as
Capital Journal readers who wish this kind of editorial
guidance wiu learn.
i Holey writes only three times a week.
NOTHIN' PERSONAL INTENDED, GOV'NOR
f ( ONLV W&ITTOrVUK
4 l A'IT WITH TK OU LVDy- f M
i5v I tours to see mc . "ih
t . ? Chocks eaicKeUTsy
$w v at thi rich m
Mendsy, Kay ZS, If SI
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Anything May Happen on an
Airliner, Stewardess Finds
McKays Power Policy
(Albany Democrat-Herald)
' Secretary McKay objects to
"being misrepresented a a foe
of public power. His with
drawal of the petition of In
tervention against the grant
ing of the application of the
Idaho Power company - for
permission to Install the pro
posed Oxbow project in the
Snake river, be explains, still
leaves the application In the
hands of the federal power
commission, which has charge
of granting licenses for fed
eral power development
i If the federal power com
mission sees fit to grant the
license," McKay said, "that is
up to that body." If the li
cense is granted and the Idaho
Power company proceeds with
the Oxbow dam, "there is still
toeaa ea the Snake for tre
mendous power development,"
ne txpiainea.
In McKay's opinion, federal
power should be brought into
communities snd distributed
to whatever retail systems ex
ist in the community when the
power is available. He de
clares himself sgslnit monoo-
oly In sny form, either public
or private, and turning back
ot federal power systems to
PTlvste enterprise, is In his
opinion, "out of the question."
The democratic power nolle.
McKay points out, waa aimed
"at a completely federalized
electric generating system.
government monopoly In large
areas ol the country."
All those who fsvor that
policy will be out ot sympathy
with McKay, together with a
too large numbers of others
who allow partisanship to
blind them to the logic ot
facts.
London Airport (at People
are uncertain enougn wnen
they are on the ground. But
get them up in the air and
anything can happen.
That Is why, although the
air age has lost much of. its
glamor, the International air
stewardesses - wouldn't trade
their jobs for a secretary's
desk.
"You can never tell what
people will ask you to do," said
Kay Landing. "Once Gorgeous
George, the wrestler, wanted
me to help pin up his curls."
Kay and Evelyn conion
were stewardesses abroad the
Pan American stratocllpper in
which I flew here to attend the
coronation. Most girls who
adopt this high-flying career
drop out after a few seasons,
but Kay and Evelyn have been
at It more than seven years.
Each has flown three million
miles the equivalent, ot 120
times around the earth and
touched every continent ex
cept Australia,
The work is hard and exact
ing washing a baby's diaper
up above the fleecy clouds Is
Just as much a chore as it is
at sea level but it has its rewards.
"Aviation is still a mans
world." said Kay, "and It is
fun to be a girl in a man's
world."
The girls And plenty of ro
mance, laughter ar 1 adventure,
but few ot them achieve the
dream of meeting and marry
ing a multi-millionaire passen
ger. v
With the present tax situs
tlon it is hardly even worth
WIU1V lUVJUUff. t w wire,
laughed Evelyn. "This kind ot
lite appeals to escapist girls
who don't want to have to de
pend on some poor miserable
male to support them.
Most of the stewsrdesses do
marry, ol course, nut their
choice Is more likely to be a
member ot a plane crew or the
boy back home than a wealthy
ttcketholder.
The girla are like postmen
on their time otf. They earn
from about $250 to S4S0 a
month and they usually apend
their savings on month-long
vacation trips to spots In the
world they haven i yet seen.
Just like any other tour
ist," ssld Evelyn, "we dream of
a houseboat on a lake in Kith
By HAL BOYLE
mir or lolling on a beach In
Ball, and Bali is where I want
to so next."
These side Journeys have had
their momenta of excitement
Once Kay was in a car that
broke down while going
through a vast gsme preserve
in Africa. t
"Six of us hsd to stay there
with the windows shut for 18
hours while lions and hyenas
prowled around the car," said
Kay.
"Yes," said Evelyn.. "There
was a wealthy stockman in the
car, and 1 don't know why Kay
didn't land him before they
were rescued. After t 'all, he
couldn't get away with-all those
lions outside."
Neither girl sees her ocean-
hopping experience has much
more dsngerous than routine
office work. It holds one lure
dear to any woman's heart-
bargain hunting in far places.
All the stewardesses become
wlxard shoppers.
You may wear a sweater
from Britain, French perfume,
jade earrlnga front China,
gloves from Rome, a suit from
Portugal, an evening dress
from India, gold jewelry from
Lebanon," said Evelyn. "But
one thing Is darn sure. Your
underwear wiu come rrom the
old U.S-A."
Stewardesses on internation
al flights must speak one for
eign language and have two
years of college or business ex
perience. But their basic re
quirement is "to be a good
sport to keep your sense of
humor when the going is
rough, and to be able to handle
people, children as well as
grownups."'
What is the question most
passengers ask themT
"Wei, the elderly men al
ways seem curious about
whether we have a boy friend
In every port said Evelyn.
And do they?
"In New York, Evelyn has
more than one friend," said
Kay non-commitally.
THIEF WASTES EFFORT
New Orleans UJD Malson
Turnsge, a theft suspect, swam
around In the Mississippi River
for nearly two hours trying
to elude police. 'The officers
patiently waited until he got
tired. They arrested him as ne
left the Water.
"AFRAID OCR SIDE
LWILL WIN"
Milwaukee Journal
The house of representa
tives voted the other day to
buy $130 high backed, swivel
chairs for members that want
them. The argument was that
present chairs are old and
uncomfortable and that a con
gressman ought to be able to
work in comfort
That sounds logical enough
to us, but 42 congressmen
voted "no," mostly in fear of
constituents who might think
such expenditures were waste
ful. Representative S 1 k e s
(Dem., Fla.) called the bill
the hottest potato" of the
year. i
There Isn't much danger, of
course, that those who voted
against buying new chairs
won't accept them. They were
voting "for the record." And,
we suspect, voting in tne spirit
ot former Representative Ollle
M. Jones.
Mr. Jones, according to for
mer Vice-President Berkley,
OPEN FORUM
This Too Should Help
Swart 'Xaiiflh It Off"
To the Editor;
Carl Richards,-State High
v Msantly submitted a
poem, .author unknown, tor at
tention of Hedda Swart, eoun
tr anitneer. which be suggest-
A mieht halo Mr. Swart to
ih Atr nil mraDtea oww
mln the Streets.'
Capital Journal Open Forum
May II.
H.vine the same high ob
jective, I submit another poem,
entitled "Perpetual Motion,"
which it is hoped will also help
Mr. Swart to "keep en the sun
ny side of the street" .
The theme and wording ox
the poem submitted by Mr.
Richards strangely resemble
"Perpetual Motion,"- the au
thor of which was well known
to me, being my step-ratner,
the late John H. Cradlebaugh,
who, at the tune It was written,
was on the staff of the Capital
Journal, probably some 40
years ago. Published in Capi
tal Journal and later in his
book of poems, "Nyeena
Kloshe Illehee." ..
MISS M. I. DOWNING,
1050 Cascade Dr., Salem.
Salem 38 Years Ago
By BEN MAXWELL
Msy 15. lr
As s result of a long stand
ing quarrel over a fence line,
Charles Zimmerman, a farmer
residing at "Scanty Town"
near Sllverton, waa shot and
killed by a neighbor.
John M. Hlxon and Milton
A. Marcy, who have earned
their B.D. degrees at Kimball
College ot Theology, will re
ceive diplomas as graduates.
In order to keep Salem
streeta in cleaner condition,
eight garbage cans were placed
at prominent corners In the
business district
soutpon - la tne name of a
Salem high school dramatic
society. This evening they pre
sented an entertainment The
Elopement of Ellen." This pre-
sentstlon Is free to the public
end there will be no collection
rsanTcaL icnnoft
Th7 Ul til rock MtUiiuw.
And it M Ul UmI,
Th umt aoaaS It anS tbtr ten B
Till thnr irt it naeoth ud aut,
AaS Uuo or Sou tat upbmlt
la BraMmrowlaa t ,
Which thy ntM aoa ttw mnl
AxA IMi (Ira U t It, bot.
Tfeta Ibt bum la MMoMud and ItTtlaS
Ana It'i ronwMI aa iri routa
Ar.d a barrlcada la annate
To BiotMt It from tht sold.
Than Uur un Too than'a a raadvar
That'a a cndlt to tha torn.
That will laat asm tha varied -Whaa
tha atlaa art faning down.
Thtn tha City Sada dUeora?
Tbay forgot aha watar Main,
And ua aoim rotor rata a job
Ta die It u acaa.
And whaa tha tranehaa ara an nuad
Tha aiphalt aoUa onca mora
And tha tntlnoor aaelaTta tha atrial
Much battai than betora.
Thtn tha -nlorllarraa ttwrr
Malta roa know It-a ipruna a nak
are tut atpnait hai attn Baca In pitta
attatdtna nau a wata.
And br tha tlma tha armrtl
And tha aapball both ara back.
Tha cor Una flnda It atoda ta la?
A now and fattier track. -
Whaa thla ta doaa tha tatavhonaa
Sir ardlaanaa art kouad -
Ta laa thatr wlroa fro
Ana bat than aadaiaianad.
ft'e a aatar-eaaalaa aaiaaaaa
And tt'a tnta at trarr tawa.
Whaa thara laa't aoathlae ta aa
Thtra'a aorntthlnt to ao down.
WASHINGTON tAERRY-GO-ROUND
Ike Made the Decision for
Big Three Meet in Bermuda
BY DREW PEARSON
appeared on the floor one day
to oppose raising congress
men's salaries. He feared the
political effect of such an ac
tion on his constituents. Bark
ley tells it this way:
"When owe s name .-was
called he voted in his sten
torian voice, 'No.' Then he
rushed out into the cloakroom
Where there were a lot of
members seated, and he said:
'Boys, some of you go out
there and vote for this thing.
I'm afraid our side Is going
to win,'" . ;
Bitter Controversy Marks
L. A. Mayor Vote Tomorrow
Pioneer's Assoclstion of Wal
do Hills will hold Its annual
meeting June IS, 1918, at the
home ot John A. Hunt four
miles north ot Sublimity.
Rooms: ISc per night 11 a
week. Scotts at 179 South Com
mercial street
Just why a full, six year
course in German should be
provided for Sslem high and
Junior high ttudenta to the ex
clusion of any other modern
cultural language exceeded the
understanding o t Director
Barnes at last night's meeting
of the school board.
At Bligh Theater: Enoch Ar
den. Children 8c, adults 10c
Los Angeles Tomorrow,
after a long and bitter con
troversy, Los Angeles is elect
ing a mayor. Curiously enough,
considering the basic Issues in
volved, this contest Is between
two Republicans, Mayor Fletch
er Bowron and Congressman
Norrls Poulson. But party affil
iations mean so little here that
Issues of policy transcend party
lines.
The presence
of Poulson an
the contest -la
almost inciden
tal, for the de
cision will
really be a vote
for or against
Bowron,- who
has been may
or for a long
time.
, The issue is
public housing. From the ex
periences ot the greet city of
Los Angeles in this field, a
good many other American
cities can learn some solid les
sons. '
It is hardly necessary to men
tion the Immense spread and
the astounding growth of this
city. Within its legal boundar
ies live more than 2,000,000
people, with other hundreds of
thousands in the surrounding
srea. These people, percentage
wise, own more homes thsn
the people of any other large
American city. And among the
owners of some ot the more
moderately priced of those
homes there orlginsted, two
years ago, the present violent
reaction against what is polite
ly called socialized housing. It
is important to note this, be
came supporters ot Msyor
Bowron are claiming that the
evil genius sgslnit him is the
so-called real estate Interests.
Much of the present contro
versy had its origins when Con
gress passed its Federal Hous
ing Act of 1049. The mayor
went to Washington and re
turned with an authorization
for 10,000 low-rental housing
unite to cost $110,000,000. For
the moment this looked like
a free gift for the city, but later
It was learned that the city'a
taxpayers were to be called
upon to spend some big money
on their own.
The situation that Immedi
ately followed illustrates the
By RAYMOND MOLEY
first and perhsps most danger
ous effect ot federal paternal-
Ism confusion of authority.
For the new developments be
came a combination of federal,
state, and city Jurisdiction.
First there Is a state law set
ting up a city housing authority.
Then there is the mayor, ap
pointing the commissioners of
that authority. Then there are
the federal housing people,
coming in with indefinite au
thority to do this or that. The
net was that no one of the
three major divisions of gov
ernment . wss responsible for
what was going on, for the city
housing authority proved to be
a virtually Independent and Ir
responsible unit of -government,
floating bonds and spend
ing money, with little super
vision by nation, state, or city.
The result has been unre
strained bureaucracy, arrogant
and extravagant Whereas in
the early days of the New Deal
we heard a lot about slum
clearance, this authority moved
Into open spaces to build anew.
Also, we heard a lot about
homes for those unsble to psy.
.There is housing in this scheme
to rival that for which private
owners are paid fairly high
rent. There appeared in the
picture certain practices which,
to say the least look like bu
reaucracy .pending public mon
ey to lobby and influence elec
tions. A subcommittee of the
House of Representatives Is
now tsking evidence on this
subject, which adds to the bit
terness and the confusion of
the election campaign.
In the midst of aU this, the
mayor and the city have got
ten themselves Into an Impos
sible position. It Is the clearly
expressed opinion ot the voters
of the city that they want to
get out of the housing business
entirely, but so much hss al
ready been spent that It would
be very expensive to withdraw.
In any event the msyor hss
tried to go on, despite the posi
tive vote ot the citizenry Isst
yesr to get out and so the vote
for or agslnst Bowron at this
election will really be a vote
for or agslnst public housing.
The real lesson in all this Is
that a little socialism is a dsn
gerous thing.
Washlnaton It was Presi
dent Eisenhower himself who
decided on the Big Three meet
ing in Bermuda. The main
purpose he had in mind, be
confided to friends, was not
necsssarlly a subsequent meet-
ins with- premier Malenkov,
but to pull the disjointed pol-
ides of the Allies back to
gether.
Elsenhower b e e a m e con
vinced that something must be
done to heel British-French;
American wounds after read
ing Senator McCarthy's speech
blasting ex Prime Minister
Clement Attlee. He began con
ferring with his advisers lm
mediately thereafter, also ex
chanegd some secret messsges
witn Winston unurenm.
Churchill and Elsenhower
have got into somewhat the
same habit of conferring with
each other, by telephone or
private cable as did FDR and
Churchill during the war. And
in one ot these exchanges,
Churchill suggested that be and
Ike meet privately without the
French. . ....
Naturally this leaked out
Naturally, also, it . made the
French sore The British de
nied that such a conversation
ever took place, which only
served to make the Frenchsor
er. However, the State De
partment insisted all along that
the French must participate,
Elsenhower has been deeply
worried of late over the way
American, British and French
friendship waa drifting aparx
As one who delivered the fa
mous Guild Hall address In
London, a milestone in Anglo
American relations, and as one
who insisted that no officer
who couldn't get along with the
British serve In a key post un
der him, Eisenhower felt
peclally sensitive on this point
He also realized that it the
Allies did sit down for a Big
Four conference with Malen
kov, the ' Russians would be
able to split them wide open if
policies were not patched up in
advance. -
BIG FOUR CONFERENCE?
Though President Eisenhow
er is stll) hanging back regard
ing the proposed Big Four con
ference with Malenkov, Prime
Minister Churchill is doing Just
the opposite. Despite his 78
years, he has become the esger
est eager beaver on the diplo
matic horizon.
Twice he haa even talked
secretly with the Soviet ambas
sador in London, Jacob Malik.
Foreign Minister Anthony
Eden, who has been ill. has
-fried to discourage Churchill's
Irrepressible diplomacy, but to
no avail. Eden fears that any
talk with Malenkov would,
first of all, get nowhere; sec
ond, mlslesd the world; and,
third, antagonize President Eis
enhower and Secretary of State
Dulles. ,
However, Sir Winston, dur
ing Eden's absence, had the
foreign office contact Ambas
sador Malik and arrange a per
sonal meeting. At the meet
ing. Churchill told the Soviet
envoy he was sure both he and
Eisenhower would meet with
Malenkov, provided Russia
made some definite move in
order to show good fafth to
ward easing the cold war.
This, Churchill said, would
make It easier for the United
States to participate.
Malik waa friendly and
promised to cable Churchill's
ideas to the Kremlin immedi
ately. The second meeting between
the So vie', ambassador and the
prime minister ot England waa
held et Malik's request immedi
ately after Churchill gave hk
speech in the House of Com.
mons urging a Big Four con
ference and. In effect threaten
ing to confer .with Malenkov
himself if the United 8tates
didn't cooperate. The embas
sador told the prime minister
that this speech had been fav.
orably received in the Kremlin
and that Russia would soon
show by its deeds that it was
interested in a new under
standing with the West
AUSTRIAN SETTLEMENT?
Meanwhile, from Moacow
Ambassador Charles - Bohlen
has cabled the State Depart
ment a message which haa
caused astonishment e v en
amazement among U. 8. diplo
mats. Bohlen reported that
the Russians may sunwise the
world and accept allied, terms
for an Austrian peace treaty.
Austria is one part of the
world, Secretary Dulles has
said, which would be the key
test as to whether the Kremlin
means what it says about end
ing the cold war. If the Red
Army is pulled out of Austria,
Dulles has indicated, it would
be a genuine demonstration of
Russian good faith.
State Department officials
are still skeptical regarding
Ambassador Bonlen's cable.
Incidentally, they were just'on
the verge of making cpnees
stone themselves regarding
Austria when the cable arrived.
TRADE NOT TARIFFS"
' Mutual Security Administra
tor Harold Stassen haa received
some unwelcome warnings
about the new U. S. high-tariff
attitude and its effect on trade
between our allies and the Iron
Curtain.
Knowing that our western
allies are upset over the Re
publican trend toward tariff
increases, Russia has sent some
of its most charming and per
suasive purchasing agents to
western Europe to woo trade
away from the U. S. A. As a
starter, the agents are offering
oil, tungsten and chrome the
latter two especially hard to
get In exchange for coffee, co
coa and copra.
Meanwhile, India has actual
ly offered to withdraw from
the international wheat agree
ment under which she would
get wheat from the United
States provided Russia will
guarantee 'to ship 1,000,000
bushels of wheat to India each
year for the next five years.
Secretary of Defense Wil- .
son's refusal to accept the low
British bid on an electrical
generator for Chief Joseph
Dam has caused particular bit
terness in Great Britain and
more of a tendency to trade
with the Iron Curtain despite
critical speechee In the U. S.
Senate. . i
"Trade not aid." ssy bur al
lies, "has got to be a two-way
street." -
(Caarrtaht, ist
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am . r jt x -v
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