Gap
italAJournal
An Independent Newspoper -Established 1888
BERNARD AAAINWARING, Editor ond Publisher
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor Emeritus
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4 ' Salem Oregon, Friday, March 13, 1953
WHY THE HURRY ABOUT PORTLAND STATE?
Let's atari right off by conceding that an eventual four-
year degree granting atate college in Portland is probably
aa inevitable as the next tax increase.
A good case can be made for such an institution in the
state's steadily growing center of population, and if it
couldn't the amount of pressure Multnomah county can
exert at every legislative session will assure it eventually
winning the one victory which is all it needs. Once author
ized the four year institution will never be put back into
its former mould no matter what happens.
But why should this be done at the 1953 legislative ses
sion? Is there a shortage of educational facilities in Port
land? Definitely not. Portland has three excellent non
tax supported colleges, Reed, the University of Portland
and Lewis and lark. These do charge tuition, but they all
have opportunities for student help and it is doubtful that
very many who really want an education are turned away
by reason of finances. None of these institutions are
crowded. Each has handled more students than it is now
educating. .
Portland State itself can under certain circumstances
give a student more than three of the four years he requires
for a degree, reducing the time he must spend away from
home, presumably at Eugene or CorvaiJis.
Nor are these institutions so crowded as to require addi
tional facilities in Portland at. this time. The state insti
tutions now have about 12,000 students compared with some
19,000 at their post-war peak in 1948. Their problem is
to fill their plants, not lack of space as it was a few years
This condition is likely to continue about five more years.
In 1958 the high birth rate that began in 1940 will flood
the cpllege freshman classes. Each year after 1958 the in
coming freshmen will be considerably more than half again
as large as in the years prior to 1958.
Portland will then be justified in asking for a four year
degree college, for the other institutions will be crowded.
Until then the further expansion of Portland State seems
unnecessary and likely to either burden the taxpayer un
necessarily or lower the standards of the present institu
tions, as well as undermine Oregon's privately supported
colleges. If these go under during the next five lean enroll
ment years the Oregon taxpayer will pick up that check,
too, to the tune of millions of dollars in the years ahead.
DECLINING FARM POPULATION
When do you suppose the United States had the most
farmers?
According to the federal census bureau it was way back
In early 1917 before the war started farm boys thronging
to the cantonments and war industries.
At that time it is estimated that about 32,440,000 lived
on farms. By 1940 it had dropped only to 80,547,000, but
in the next 10 years farm population declined to its lowest
point of the present century, 25,058,000.
This will conjure up in the minds of the timid a national
food shortage, but nothing of the sort is in prospect. Food
supplies are ample, too ample, dairymen and cattlemen are
likely to remind us. .
What has happened? The farmer has become more
efficient, thanks to science, better machinery and his own
intelligence. Fewer farmers can now produce food for mil
lions more than it was necessary to provide for in the ear
lier periods.
There is nothing to be alarmed about. Any threat of a
food shortage would boost food prices and draw city people
back to the farms. Meanwhile fewer farmers mean more
prosperous farmers, which should be welcomed everywhere
and particularly in farming localities such as our own.
We think this observation will be found generally true:
That the fewer the people who can provide the food the
higher the living standard of both rural and urban dweller
will be. -
REUTHER ON THE TAFT-HARTLEY ACT
Walter Reuther, the energetic and capable president of
C.I.O., berates his old enemy, the Taft-Hartley labor law,
with the following comment:
("The Taft-Hartley act has worsened labor-management
relations and given employers a new arsenal of
weapons with which to beat us over the head."
Seems like we've heard something of this sort before.
Back in 1947 when T-H became law over President Tru
man's veto, if we remember rightly. It was to be a "slave
labor law." Not only Reuther and his C.I.O. colleagues,
but the A.F.L. leaders said it, too.
. Time has marched five and a half years since then and
the prediction signally failed to come to pass. Those years
have been the best in all organized labor's history. Not
because of T-H, we concede, but T-H didn't prevent it, or
seriously threaten to at any point.
So evident was this that last year several million union
members deserted the candidate pledged to T-H repeal in
favor of the candidate who opposed repeal, as had happened
when Taft was re-elected on this issue in industrial Ohio
in 1950.
Reuther should check up on who won the 1952 election
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Ike Rules Out Deal With Reds
That Violates U. S. Principles
Washington In a private
talk between President Elsen
hower and Secretary of State
Dulles, the President flatly re
jected any idea of making a
deal with Russia to settle the
cold war at the sacrifice of
American principles,
The matter came up When
Dulles and the president were
drawing up the resolution on the
subjugation of free peoples. The
secretary of state pointed out
the possibility that the resolu
tion might- turn out to be the
main stumbling bloek in the
way of an armistice in the cold
war.
If the Soviet leaders should
offer to settle the cold war by
dividing the world into the pre
sent spheres of influence, Dulles
warned, then the President s re
solution might make it awkward
to talk terms.
Eisenhower bluntly replied
that he would never enter nego
tiations with the Soviet leaders
to compromise any of the prln
clples of his resolution.
PROPAGANDA PROBLEMS
Eisenhower's alert new psy
chological warfare expert, C. D,
Jackson of Fortune magazine,
has been working late at night
and most of Sunday trying to
ngure out moves to take advan
tage of Stalin's death.
Inside fact is that his efforts
are frowned upon by the State
Department, which opposes any
propaganda boat-rocking at this
time, lie diplomats fear any
move by the U. S. A. may drive
the new leaders of Russia to
gether rather than apart. Win
ston Churchill vigorously sup
ports them in this view.
Real fact is that Stalin's death
caught our foreign-policy plan
ners completely unprepared. For
several years George Kennan,
ex-ambassador to Moscow and
author of the Russian-containment
policy, had talked about
the momentous possibilities fol
lowing Stayln's death. So had
"Chip" Bohlen, the new ambas
sador to Moscow. But no con
crete, comprehensive plan was
ready.
This highlights the difficulties
which the public doesn't under
stand and which Senator Mc
Carthy apparently doesn't want
to understand, regarding U. S.
propaganda. Here are some of
them:
Difficulty No. 1 The State
Department is t policy organi
zation, not an executive organi
zation, its men are supposed to
be thinkers and planners, not
doers. Operating radio stations,
magazines, etc., is not in their
line.
Difficulty No. 2 Yet the
State Department must have the
final power to censor official
U. s. propaganda. Otherwise.
the Voice of America and other
propaganda agencies might be
galloping off in various direc
tions completely counter to offi
cial U. S. policy.
Difficulty No. J To get
around this fact and the further
fact that official U. S. propagan
da must be far more cautious
than unofficial propaganda, Ra
dio Free Europe and Radio Free
Asia were set up. However, it's
, IY DREW PEARSON
Leopold Medal
To Gabrielson
Washington VP) The Ameri
can Wildlife Conference has
awarded the Leopold medal to
Ira N. Gabrielson, president of
the Wildlife Management Insti
tute here, and a former director
of the Fish and Wildlife Service
and of its predecessor, the U. S.
Biological Survey.
The award was made at the
conference's 18th annual ban
quet. The conference, held here
this week, was sponsored by the
Wildlife Management Institute.
The award was established In
tribute to the late Aldo Leopold,
one of the greatest scientists in
the fields of natural resources
management, who was a snenv
bar of the faculty of the Univer
sity of Wisconsin.
It Is given in recognition of
outstanding' contributions to a
better management of the na
tlon'a natural resources.
More than 1,200 leaders In
wildlife management fields re
gistered for the convention. Of
ficials said 1,800 to 1,600 per
sons took part in the meetings.
Ragweed Held Serious
Problem in Oreaon
bpread ot ragweed in Oregon
nas become a serious problem
but no foolproof method ot wip
ing it out has been developed
the Senate Public Health Com
mittee was told Thursday.
Dr. Frank Prarlmnn Pnrl.
land, said the infestation first
was discovered in Clackamas
county, and has spread into
nearby counties in the past five
years.
now pretty well known in Eur
ope, including Russia, that these
two organizations are actually
subsidized by the United States.
That's why radio free Europe
has lost part of its effectiveness
And if congressional Investi
gators ever started probing
radio free Asia they would find
about $6,000,000 spent with
little accomplished.
Radio free Europe was a live-
wire Influential organization
when C. D. Jackson, able chief
of . Ike's psychological warfare
board, was In charge. But it's
gone downhill since. For in
stance, here is a recent sample
of radio free Europe's program
beamed to Hungary on Feb. 19:
Explanation o f Valentine's
Day . . . U. S. A. spending S250,
000,000 on Valentine's gifts . .
Blng Crosby records . . . Story of
a young ape escaped on roof of
6th Ave. house and rescued by
New York firemen. Ape is a
"publicity man" for. local mer
chant and has wives in near-by
pet shop . . . America and the
supersition of Friday, Feb. 13
. . . Story of crippled Boy Scouts
. . . From Berlin, a German doc
tor gave advice against sports
for men and women over 40 and
recommended weight -reducing
exercises.
PARADOXICAL BEETLE
SMITH
General "Beetle" Smith, the
astute undersecretary ot state
who is now ruling on the Voice
of America, happens to be in a
paradoxical position regarding
propaganda. As former head of
central intelligence Smith pour
ed several millions Into Radio
Free Europe, which was partly
competing with the ' Voice of
America. Many State Department
officials deeply resented that
competition and the publicity
buildup given it in the United
States.
Today, as undersecretary of
state, General Smith is on the
other side of the propaganda
fence, is a top boss of the Voice,
whose competitor he once sub
sidized.
All this points to the need of
a complete overhauling of
American propaganda: not mere
ly a congressional witch-hunt to
discover what Voice executives
wrote when they were students
in college. It also points to the
need of a bona fide private com
mittee of prominent American
citizens, representing not mere
ly business but labor, farmers,
tne service organizations, to
push home to the Russian people
tne all-important fact that the
American people do want peace.
xnere are times wnen indivi
dual groups or Americans can
act with more effectiveness than
their government. And inso
much as justifiable suspicion
exists between Washington and
the Kremlin, this may be a cru
cial moment when Individual
Americans could organize for
the difficult, vitally important
job of penetrating the iron cur
tain with people-to-people
friendship.
MERRY-GO-ROUND
Secretary of Defense Charlie
Wilson has to dispose of his Gen-
(Concluded en Pace S, Column 1)
BY H.T.WEBSTER
Thrill That Comes Once in a Lifetime
Jesse TAMCg. wayaw 5533
I. AT
hearing tmc password.-
PULLS THE SECRET LATCH
AMD ADMITS THE DALTON MOTHERS
AND BlLLYfe KID T TFC BANDITS' LAIR
Salem 56 Years Ago
ly IEN MAXWELL
March IS, 1197
President J. M. Wallace of
Salem Water company who re
turned from Portland today re
ports quite a snowfall over the
metropolis. .
Dr. A. W. Thornton and Mrs.
W. P. Lord,-whose efforts are
increasing interest in the matter
of flax culture throughout tne
Willamette valley, went to Port
land this morning to further
their campaign.
Rev. J. C. Baker who will
preach at the First Baptist
church tomorrow was pastor of
the Salem church from 1877 to
1882.
Salem musical event of next
week will be the second annual
closing concert of Salem Choral
society under the direction of
Professor Werschkul.
Cold weather of the past week
has been especially harmful to
growing grain and hinders sow
ing of later crops.
Capital Journal editorially
urges Salem to clean up. Back
yards are said to contain re
mains of woodpiles as old as the
first inhabitant, garbage, includ
ing vegetable and animal matter
from kitchens, is piled outside
and allowed to putrify. An un
dertaker tells of being called to
a home which had been bereav
ed. Neighbor women were clean
ing the room where the corpse
lay. Fully a half bushel of dirt
and lint had already been swept
off the floor, the bed had not
been swept beneath for a year.
Two hours of hard scrubbing
were necessary to make that one
small room presentable. Capital
Journal suggests that a health
officer Is a "must" for Salem.
Since the legislature has ad-
jorned the usual business and
social activity attendant on such
an occasion has suffered a slight
relapse. However, the "special"
at the asylum Friday evening
was largely attended by young
people who tripped the light
fantastic to delightful music for
several hours. The hospitality of
Superintendent and Mrs. A. A.
Paine on such occasions is the
source of much favorable com
ment. "
Mrs. W. P. Lord mentions that
there are several thousand
young men and women out of
employment in Oregon. One
thousand young Portland
women responded to a single ad
vertisement for a copyist at $10
a montn for 13 nours work a
day.
Owen P. Dabney, Salem au
thor, advertises his new book,
"The Last Shackle" on the front
page of today's Capital Journal.
Price, 25c postpaid (Dabney's
book is now a somewhat rare
and expensive collector's item).
Journal "X" says: It doesn't
make much difference whether
one drinks Salem water or Sa
lem beer for either seems to
make him fair, fat and funny:
as witness Bros. Kllnger and
Wallace.
The balance in cash still due
the ciy of Salem from failure of
the Williams 8c England bank is
$4553.58.
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Death in the Office Strikes
With a Stunning Suddenness
ly HAL BOYLE
CHARGES BORDER
VIOLATION
London VP) Yugoslavia
charged Friday that Hungarian
planes violated Yugoslav terri
tory five times Wednesday. The
Belgrade radio Identified one
plane as a Soviet-built MIG jet
fighter and said it fired a rocket
while over Yugoslav territory.
New York VP) Death In home
or hospital usually sends its
warning ahead and arrives with
small surprise.
The survivors have already
been notified of the coming blow
by death's pale outrider a nn
gerlng illness.
But death in the office strikes
with the suddenness ot a mighty
hawk. No one is prepared for
it For nobody ever thinks he
will die at work. When he thinks
of his own death at all, it is in
terms of pure drama. He sees
hlmielf as the central, hero, sto
ically yielding to the inevitable
as weeping loved ones at his
bedside bewail his passing as an
act ot heavenly larceny against
themselves.
Above all he sees his death
as an event of dignity that gives
him a final stature.
Death doesn't come that way
in the office. -
Poor Ned has felt bad, and
looked bad, and complained
about it mildly for years.
"It s In my chest here," he
says, "and I've got this pain in
my left arm. It isn't like arthritis."
"Why don't you go home?"
"Oh. that would only scare my
wife."
He grimaces and his face
grays. But in a wnue tne pain
goes away, and he gets on with
his work. Gradually, since he
won't take time off, words gets
around that there Isn't anything
really wrong with Ned. It's all
in his head. He's a hypochon
driac one of those guys who
never feels good unless he feels
bad.
. But one day Ned grimaces,
stands up, and suddenly pitches
to the floor. He turns a bit, and
gives a sound between a sob, a
sigh, a moan. Nobody knows
what to do.
"Loosen his collar he just
fainted."-
"Pick him up, and put him on
a sofa."
"No, don't move him. It may
be a heart attack."
"Get a doctor. Where is the
nearest doctor?"
The others stand around in
frightened clusters as Ned makes
his last fight alone on the floor.
The labored breathing slows, the
sounds cease, a lethargy flows
almost visibly through his tired
body. A nurse comes and bends
over him.
"He's dead," she says. The
cluster pulls back a bit, as if
death were contagious.
A doctor hurries in. A pul-
motor arrives with oxygen Ned
no longer has any use for. But
they go through the formality.
They always do. Everyone wants
to feel later that everything that
could be done was done.
They carried Ned away. .
The cluster breaks up into
small lots, and the people in the
knots say things like:
"I never thought there was
anything wrong with him."
"They say he's got a wife and
three kids. Isn't it awful."
"It's the good ones that go
young. I could look around this
office and see a dozen guys I'd
rather see keel over than Ned."
"Oh, don't talk that way-Lit
isn't nice." 1
Someone goes to Ned's home
to help his widow. Somebody
else starts the bookkeeping jtep,
to take his name off the pay. '
roll. Somebody else takes up
a collection tor flowers.
A delegation from the office
shows up at Ned's deck. The
older employes rather
him in a vague way . . . hi.
they soon forget . . . and iif
goes on. The ripple in the com
monplace has calmed.
But for a long time after iw
whenever anyone in the office
get a twinge in his stomach or
chest he will clutch at It In .nri
den panic. He will remember
poor Ned, alone on the office
floor and think:
"Not that way . . . Lord . .
not that way." '
OPEN FORUM
Local Taxing Units Need
Hoover Commissions
To the Editor:
The ' following article an...
peared under the heading of
"Looking Ahead" in the Path
finder of February, 1953:
"To save taxes every county
and every city much cut out du
plications and put government
on a business basis. This is what
the new administration is under
taking for the federal govern
ment. But most taxes on proper
ty are local. Don't sit back and
assume Washington can give you
the tax savings you want. Get
a local 'Hoover Commission' to
work studying waste in local
government and how to set rid
of it."
I do not believe that anv Indl.
vidual would spend his own
money the way that it is being
spent by some persons having
to do with the spending of public
funds from the school districts,
cities, counties and states. With
excessive taxes it is about time
that we organized a little "Hoo
ver Commission" and stop this
needless spending, especially
while taxes are getting to the
point where they are unbearable.
HOMER H. SMITH,
675 North Summer St.,
Salem, Ore.
Dogs were first officially in
ducted Into the United States '
army on March 13, 1942.
Yew blend" el personol wishe
...our blend of service
...In perfect hormony for ol
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