rO-CapiUl Jwtt"" 8 Oww. Friday. March t,
1953
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SUlia Wasn't Always Boss Caption material supplied
with these pictures by Sovfoto, distribution agency for offi
cial Soviet photos In the U. S., identify them as photos of
Joseph Stalin following his 1910 arrest by Tsarist police for
revolutionary activities. The same source says that the rude
log cabin was Stalin's living place during his exile in Sol
vychegodsk, Volga province, in 1910. (AP Wirephoto)
I -- IK:.' I
'.v.i-. . i- ..- c
w
Stalin Brushed Old
Friends Off in Rise
( 'Raised Her Boa to be Priest Caption material supplied
by Sovfoto, distribution agency for official Soviet photos in
. the U. S., Identifies these pictures as Joseph Stalin, in 1910,
' and his mother, Katherina DJugashivili,--who sought to
ducat her son for te priesthood. She died in Tiflis in 1937.
, ; . (AP Wirephoto)
Stalin Heirs Neither
Brilliant Nor Neurotic
Joseph Stalin, the son of
cobbler, emerged out of the
chaos of the Russian revolution
to master the forces unleashed
by the upheaval, and . became
the undisputed ruler of the so
viet Union and the world com'
munist movement
He fought bis way to the top
by sweeping aside his revolu
tionary comrades, among them
Leon Trotsky, after the death
of Nikolai Lenin. Ever since
1927 Stalin has held the reins,
but it took the purges of the
1930's to make his grip eecure.
Such was the fury of the
struggle to consolidate his rule
that Stalin reportedly deter
mined to perpetuate his empire
by eliminating those conditions
which might foster a new sue
cession fight at his own death.
Halenkov Bis Protege
The summoning of an all-un
ion soviet communist party
congress last October, for the
first time since pre-World War
II days, indicated that perhaps
the - machinery of succession
had been set in motion; for the
dictator was approaching his
73rd birthday.
Stalin himself had made the
keynote address at the previous
congress 13 years earlier, but
this time the honor was given
to Georgi H. Malenkov, a young
and vigorous protege of Stalin.
Stalin's rise to the throne of
communism was accomplished
in the face of what seemed
overwhelming odds in favor of
Trotsky, who had been com
mander-in-chief of the Red
armies during the revolution
and who 1 had appeared much
closer to Lenin than Stalin.
But Stalin in 1922 became
secretary of the communist
party and promptly started us
ing the post, controlling party
machinery, as a lever for pry
ing himself Into the ailing
Lenin's place. Two years later
Lenin died, and Stalin and
Trotsky were In open conflict
over the party leadership.
Trotsky Beatea Balled
Stalin won the support of
Gregory Zinoviev and Leon
Kamerev, two revolutionary
stalwarts, and Trotsky was de
feated. He was killed In 1927.
The reward for Zinoviev
came in 1938. . With 14 others,
they were brought to trial , in
Moscow. All confessed . that
the 1934 assassination of Sergei
Kirov, a friend of Stalin, was
a plot to wipe out Stalin and
other Soviet Union leaders. The
16 defendants soon were exe
cuted. Other old . Bolshevik
lesders were ensnared in more
of the famous Moscow purge
trials. Stalin had become su
preme; he was ready to lead
Russia without internal opposi
tion through the pre-World War
II days and the global conflict
itself.
Joseph Vlssarionovich. Djug-
ashvili the son of a Georgian
shoemaker and a serf mother,
was at his zenith as Joseph Stal
in. His 70th birthday on Decem
ber 21, 1949, was the occasion
for extravagant celebrations
around the communist world.
There was a flood of adula
tion, 70 freight carloads of gifts
from conquered East Germany
alone, for the dictator whose
name means "steel."
Career Started Early
It was the climax of a revo
lutionary career started when
he was just 15 years old and
an unsatisfied theological stu
dent. He bsd organised strikes
during the late 1890s, written
pamphlets, and between 1902
and 1913 endured jail eight
times and exile to Siberia seven
times. It was in Siberia that
Stalin received his first note
from Lenin.
Lenin and his Bolsheviks in
the October 1917, revolution
ousted the government of Alex
ander Kerenaky, who had come
!','n k-t
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Accused Slayer of
Lt. Flees, Retaken ,
rt Dix, NJ C Pvtf Edgar
Owens, charged with murdering
his lieutenant while on meane
uvers, was recaptured early to
day, two hours after he escaped
from a "secured ward" at the
post hospital here: "''
Owens, 3, of Brooklyn, N.Y,
a mental patient before enter
ing the Army, was picked up by
two guards just a few hundred
feet from the hospital. He iur
rendered meekly.
The area of Formosa is slight
ly more than that-of Massachu
setts and Connecticut combined.
Basard Will End en Monday Highway authorities an
nounced today that the open end of Marion street' leading
over the bank of the Willamette beneath the new bridge will
be heavily barricaded after Monday. An old barricade was ,
removed while the new bridge was under construction. -
U. S. SendsOfficial'
Condolences to Moscow
(Br Th AuuclsUtf tan)
Washington Lenin and
Stalin had in common the goal
of world communism. It must
be believed the men closest to
Stalin he had 29 years since
Lenin's death to bandpick them
shared his aim.
So the basic question raised
by his death Is not whether his
heirs will quarrel among them
aelves but whether they will
seek the goal he sought the same
way or differently. Will they
be reckless or, like Stalin, move
cautiously?
It Is possible that -in- an-Internal
struggle for power the
heirs will wreck their party and
Russia and so eliminate the Sov
iets as a world threat. Until
such an explosion occurs it
must remain - simply -wishful
thinkinl.
Stalin was neither an intel
lectual nor, so far as is known,
neurotic. He was confronted
with both in his first and great
est rival, Leon Trotsky, the bril
liant but vain and flamboyant
egocentric-
Hone of the men in Stalin's
Inner circle at the time of his
death has been mentioned as
blessed with high intellectual
ity nor cursed with neuroses.
If any of them is brilliant, lt
has not been revealed. They
have acted as a team. None of
them could be considered flam
boyant After his experience
with Trotsky, Stalin probably
wanted those around him to be
Just the opposite.
They have acted as he acted:
practical, cold, calculating and
cunning. The very best tribute
to their shrewdness Is that they
were able to survive In a slaugh
Nevertheless,. alongside Stalin
they appeared gray, almost shad
owy men, either naturally or by
Stalin's design. At any rate, he
was the towering figure in Rus
sia,, the symbol of communism.
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STALIN?. WHO'S BE?
Seatle, () The news of Pre
mier Stalin's death meant little
to an unidentified Seattle man
Thursday flight.
Asked by a Post-Intelligence
inquiring reporter what he
thought the death of Joseph
Stalin would mean to the world,
the man replied:
"Stalin? No, I didn't know
that he had died. You see, I don't
know many people and I never
heard of him."
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2 Wises
Condolences on the death 'of
Premier Stalin of Russia, terse
and plainly designated "offi
cial," were transmitted to Mos
cow on President Eisenhower's
orders last night.
Other comments on the death
of the man who led the Soviet
Union' and world communism
ranged over a wide field of
speculation about what will hap
pen now and Include tome per
sonal tribute.
.The official u. S. message was
sent at the President s direction
by Secretary of State Dulles to
Jacob D. Bean, . U, S. charge
d'affaires In Moscow, for de
livery to the Kremlin. It said:
The government of the
United States tenders Its official
condolences to the government
of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics on the death of Gen
eralissimo Joseph Stalin, prime
minister of the Soviet Union:
Observers noted that the mes
sage complied with requirements
of international courtesy with
out Including a word of sym
pathetic tribute.
In a different vein were mes
sages sent by two officials of the
United Nations, of which the
USSR is a founding member.
Lester B. Pearson, U. N. Gen
eral Assembly president and for
eign secretary of Canada, tele
graphed Soviet Foreign Minister
Andrei Y. Vishinsky that the
world organization had "lost one
of Its founders and the Soviet
peoples the man who was their
Indomitable leader in the com
mon struggle against Nazi aggression."
Trygve Lie, U. N. secretary
general, sent his personsl con
dolences without mentioning his
U. N. connection. The Soviet
Union, has refused to recognize
Lie as secretary general since he
gave full support to the U. N
action in Korea. He was re
ported also to have quarrelled
with Stalin during a Moscow
visit in 19S0.
Lie said In a telegram to Vi
shinsky, "On those occasions on
which I have had the honor of
meeting Mr. Stalin, I have been
deeply Impressed by the quali
ties which made him one of the
ouuianaing statesmen of our
time.
President Syngman Rhee of
the Republic of Korea, at war
with communist forcer, said.
am sorry he as a human has
died. We are fighting acainst
the attitude and principles of
communist leaders not against
one individual person."
The comment of several U. S
senators and representatives
showed concern over the possl-
Woman Hospitalized,
8 Shodced in Accident
One woman was hospitalized
and another woman and seven
children were shaken up when
their car collided with another
at the Molalla road Junction
with the Pacific highway just
north of Woodburn Thursday
evening. .
Mrs. Evelyn Bailey, 26, Cas
cade Locks, was reported In
'fair to good" condition Friday,
pending reading of X-rays. She
suffered facial injuries, the loss
of some teeth, shock and possi
ble bone fractures.. ... .
Her ear collided with one
driven by Fred William Suckow,
bility of further war.
House republican leader Hal-
leck (R., Ind.) said, "Perhaps
with someone else in' control in
Russia there may be a more
reasonable attitude on the part
of that country, but I wpuld not
expect too much." -
Democratic leader Ray burn,
(D., Tex.) commented, "Russia
was bad enough under Stalin. I
hope it won't be worse under his
successor."
Chairman Wiley (R Wis.) of
the Senate Foreign Relations
committee said no one could
predict the effect of Stalin's
passing and continued, "we can
hope and pray that ' in this
troublesome hour the people and
the leaders of Russia will shelve
the Communist policies for
world domination and that we
in this land will receive from an
high guidance and direction to
preserve our country and the
freedoms we cherish and possess."
Other congressional comment
Chairman Saltonstall : (R.,
Mass.) of the Senate Armed
Services committee: "Let us
pray that the Russian people get
more peace, happiness and free
dom in the days to come. Let
us hope that for our people
there Is a greater appeal for
more security for ourselves."
Sen. George (D., Ca.), rank
ing minority member of the Sen
ate Foreign Relations committee,
saw the possibility of a contest
for power, perhaps first evi
denced in countries other then
Russia itself and added: "It is
even possible that the new Rus
sian leader may decide to start
some sort of major war or ag
gression to develop internal
unity."
Sen. Core (D., Tenn.): "Stalin
may have been a moderating in
fluence . . . His passing may
loosen a surge toward the
ancient Russian ambition for the
warm waters of the Mediter
ranean and India Ocean."
Sen. Capehart (R-, Ind.): "I
think the relationship between
Russia and the rest of the world
will be better than it has been
in the last 10 years."
to power in the confusion fol
lowing the March, 1917, over
throw of the czar.
Always Ruthless
Stalin's youth had been ruth
less. His climb to power was
even more so. His application
of domestic policy reflected the
same trait
He pushed through a series
of so-called five-year plans, the
latest still in progress,- design
ed to aid the nation's agricul
tural . and industrial, develop
ment. It resulted in the elim
ination of the Kulaks, wealthy
peasants ' who opposed- Stalin's
collectivization of farms, as a
class. - '.
It made him master, a man
who today holds the all-inclusive
titles of "Head of the Pre
sidium, Head of the Party Sec
retariat,' Head of the Central
Committee, Chairman of the
Council of Ministers, Prime
Minister or Premier and Mart
shal."
73, Stevenson, Wash., who was
uninjured.
Passengers in Mrs. Bailey's
car who were shaken up were
her three children and Mrs.
Laura Summers, 25, and four
Summers children. They were
taken to a Wood burn motel aft
er the accident.
Some scientists have believed
that no bird hibernates.- but ii
has been found that a poorwill
which lives in Western United i
States does hibernate.
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