Prays for Massacre Victims Army Chaplain Capt A. M.
Knler reads last rites for some of the 36 American soldiers
found massacred with their hands bound behing them on
hill 303 at Waegan, South Korea. Photo by Stanley Tretlck,
NEA-Acme staff photographer. (Acme Radiophoto)
COVERING THE KOREAN WAR
How Aloe's Headquarters
Puts Out the Battle News
By H. D. QUIGG
Tokyo U.R) A swarm of little Japanese ,boys gather at the
door of a public information office on the second floor of the
air-conditioned Radio Tokyo building.
Dressed in white T shirts, long black pants, and canvas slippers
or wooden clogs, they jabber and shove waiting importantly
to play their part in passing the81
biggest news story since World
War II on to a waiting world.
Throughout the day they
scouted the mimeograph section
of the public information office
and they know to the second
when one of Gen. Douglas Mac
Arthur's Korean war releases
will be rolling.
As an army man comes to the
door of the off ice with the sheaf
of releases, each boy makes a
grab and runs down the hall to
his office. There they jam the
paper down in front of a writer.
It's a mimeographed copy of
a single-spaced sheet, and it's
headed "General MacArthur's,
Far East command, public infor
mation office Korean release
No. so and so.
A press association writer
pecks out a bulletin. His boy
takes it and dashes downstairs
and along the sidewalk 200
yards to the Japanese govern
ment teletypes which the press
associations use to radio their
news to the United States.
When the press associations
hire a new office boy here now,
they don't ask, "What school
did you go to?" They ask, "How
how fast can you make the 200
yard dash?"
In another room of the public
Information office, 25 or so cor
respondents gather for their
daily "briefing" on the war sit
uation by spokesmen from Gen.
MacArthur's headquarters intel
ligence and operations sections
and from the air force and navy.
There is an International fla
vor to the assembled newsmen.
This is the hottest season in
Tokyo, and they're dressed for
it. Some wear civilian clothes,
some army clothes, but all have
open-collared shirts. Several
have on khaki shorts and one
wears white knee-length shorts
and a white blouse. Several
wear gaudy "Aloha" shirts.
Randolph Churchill, son of
former British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill, a heavy,
sandy-haired, pink-faced man,
sits at the side of the room,
wearing an orange-yellow sport
short, gray shorts, knee-length
brown socks and easy slippers.
He is a correspondent for a Lon
don newspaper.
The newsmen stand with low
ered heads, scribbling onto note
books, clipboards and wads of
copy paper.
The briefing spokesman
stands before a huge map of Ko
rea, thumbtacked on wallboard.
Tacked over the map Is a transr
parent acetate sheet. The posi
tions of United Nations and en
emy forces are drawn In and
labeled in colored pencil red,
for the communist, blue for U.S.
and Republic of Korea forces.
The transparent sheet li
known as an overlay. Some
times there is even an overlay on
an overlay.
t "The operation of enemy
guerrillas leads to a belief they
Intelligence Chief Gen.
Walter Bedell Smith (above)
former U. S. Ambassador to
Moscow, will succeed Rear
Adm. Roscoe H. Hillenkoeter
as chief of the central intelli
gence agency. Gen. Smith was
wartime chief off staff to Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower. (Acme
Telephoto)
may be organized as a regular
unit of the North Korean forces,
possibly with a communist nu
cleus," a spokesman said. "These
guerrillas have been training for
a long timej"
The reporters scribble. The
briefing ends.
A newsman hurries to his of
fice, bangs out a fast paragraph,
opens the corner of his mouth
and hollers: "Boy San!"
That means "Mr. Boy," and It
is the way office boys are called
around here.
The boy seizes the copy and
clip-clops off. The news is on
its way.
Three Minor Fires
Controlled in Polk
In evidence of the continuous
fire hazard resulting from the
prolonged hot spell in the Wil
lamette valley, three fires were
reported in Polk county in the
past four days.
Thursday a two-acre grass fire
was reported at Grand Ronde
which was put out by local vol
unteers and fire crew members.
Friday an eight-acre fire de
stroyed grass and small seed
growth timber In the Fir Grove
area near Dallas. The blaze oc
curred on the Fisher Brothers
logging lands as the result of a
backfire from a power saw. The
fire was controlled by Saturday
morning.
Thursday grass and small
trees were burnt in a blaze caus
ed by dynamiting stumps near
Falls City. Rev. James Royer,
pastor at the Falls City church
Only 10 Down
LLMo?rmc?
First Major Victory in Korea
Won by Firepower and Guts
By ROBERT C. MILLER
On the Naktong River Front, Korea, Aug. 21 (U.R) The dead
have been buried and the wounded bandaged.
So the Monday mornihg quarterbacks took over the battle
of the bulge today, analyzing the Americans' first major victory
in Korea to find out how 12,000 communist troops were 'wiped
out. -
There was no single answer.
It was a combination of team
work, superior firepower and
guts that drove the North Ko
reans in the Yongsan bulge as
far back as the Naktong, killing
and estimated 1,500 and destroy
ing large quantities of commu
nist guns and supplies.
There was not much real
estate Involved seven miles
at most but the effect on
both American and North Ko
rean morale was tremendous.
The Americans proved de
cisively that the commies can
be liked. .
The Reds who got back across
the river don't exactly know
what hit them. But they must
realize that their rosy visions
of a victorious march through
South Korea are gone and their,
iuiure is a DieaK one miea witn
American high explosives.
The battle was a joint army
marine job in which the marines
made the most spectacular gains
and suffered the most casual
ties. ,
But it must not be forgotten
that the army 24th division
weakened the North Koreans
with 10 days of continuous pun
ishment as it was slowly push
ed .back from the Naktong line
by overwhelming forces, i
Ana every giant marine was
willing to give a large share of
the credit to marine and air
Disease Germ
Balloons Feared
Bly, Ore., Aug. 21 VP) The
wartime Japanese balloon bombs
may have shown the way for
any Asiatic enemy to wage bac
teriological warfare on the Pa
cific coast.
A Sixth army officer hinted of
the possibility in a speech here
yesterday at a . ceremony de
dicating a memorial to six per
sons killed by the wartime ex
plosion of a balloon bomb.
Col. Karl C. Frank, Vancou
ver, Wash., said the Japanese
balloons were not very effective
as a major weapon. Fewer than
1,000 of the some 9,000 loosed
into the trans-Pacific air currents
fell within U. S. borders. The
May 5, 1945, tragedy near here
took the only casualties.
But the barrage did represent
the first use of overseass un-
guided missiles. In any future
war, ioi. r ranjc aaaea, mey
might be used in carrying di
sease germs to these shores.
Gov. Douglas McKay was also
a speaker at the program at the
Weyerhaeuser Timber company's
tree farm near the Klamath
Lake county border. He called
for tightening of 'military de
fenses during the Koraen war
and noted the progress of Ore
gon's civilian defense program.
The ceremony unveiled a stone
monument at the forested spot
where a woman and five children
were killed. The monument bears
a bronze plaque inscribed with
the names of the victims and
the circumstances of their daeth.
It was erected by the Weyer
haeuser company.
The victims were Mrs. Elsie
Mitchell, 26, wife of the Rev.
Archie Mitchell of Bly; Jay Gil
ford, 13; Edward Engen, 13; Dick
Patzke, 14, and his sister, Joan,
13, and Sherman Shoemaker, 11.
The pastor was the lone sur
vivor of the church picnic
group.
who was swimming nearby, was
the first to reach the scene and
fought the blaze alone for some
time before the Falls City rural
fire protection truck arrived.
Rev. Royer took a drink of water
and collapsed from exhaustion,
He recovered quickly, however,
Nothing Down
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u'H a . n: i fi
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irs to Payl
- 3 Years
force planes, whose close air sup
port paralyzed the enemy and
rooted him out of well dug-ln
positions with strafing and bomb
ing from only 100 feet in the
air.
There was no "pinpoint" stra
tegic bombing from high alti
tudes. It was all close-In, visual
slugging that gave the Ameri
cans a hellish weapon they util
ized most effectively.
The price was terribly high,
measured in tons of shells and
high explosives used against the
Reds, but cheap in lives lost.
For every communist artillery
and mortar shell fired at them
the Americans tossed back 20.
Artillery batteries accumulated
mountains of shells; and on hill
sides which were objectives of
the drive there is scarcely an
acre not pockmarked by Ameri
can shells.
The older inter-service ri
valry which many have been
trying to eliminate had much
to do with our first big win,
When the battle started, the
marines went in determined
to show the army "how it
should be done." And the
army, battered and stung by
five weeks of continuous de
feat, had no intention of be
ing shown up by the marines.
The combined ferocity of the
twin drives was just too much
for the North Koreans, who fell
back in disorder once their thin
crust of resistance was broke.
The communists have been
credited with exceptional mili
tary skill in Korea, but they
showed an astounding lack of it
in the budge. '
iu
55'
Captured Rifles Ignoring a dead North Korean soldier
Pvt. William Quick, Dayton, Ohio, carries an armload of
captured North Korean small arms to a rear area on the
Naktong river front. Photo by Ed Hoffman, NEA-Acme staff
photographer. (Acme Telephoto)
Save
with Safety
ISAltM FEDERAL
Sttlxatate Street Salem
n
I
Nobody knows how many billions most be spent to
keep freedom alive at home and abroad.
But one thing is certain: the expenditures for
defense will be even greater if the enemy's Sixth
Column inflation is not checked.
Naturally we must have the money to provide
our armed forces with all they need. And we must
also have money for vital civilian needs.
So now, more than ever before in the history of
our country, protecting the buying power of the dollar
is essential.
To protect the value of the dollar, we must
make sure that our Government isn't called upon to
Keeping America Strong is
SAVINGS LOAN
Oregon Telephone 2-4139
in)
II
Capital Journal, Salem, Ore.,
Reports Sought
On Pool Plan
Strasbourg, France, Aug. 21 VP)
The European consultative
assembly's economic affairs com
mittee asked today for a per
manent link between the coun
cil of Europe and the Schuman
steel-coal pool plan.
The committee voted unani
mously, with one abstention, a
resolution calling for regular re
ports to the assembly on opera
tions of any overall authority en
visaged under the plan.
The resolution also said that
the members of a six nation
common parliament, which
would supervise the authority,
should be picked from repre
sentatives in the assembly here
in Strasbourg.
The Schuman plan calls for a
common parliament of delegates
from the French, Belgian, West
German, Dutch, Italian and Lux
embourg legislatures.
Paul Reynaud of France, com
mittee chairman, said that both
Hugh Dalton, British laborite,
and Lord Layton, British lib
eral, supported this motion.
The resolution asked the six
COIME
At JtAonat, bm confident you'll gt
caah promptly h't "YES" to 4 out of
5. Be confident your privacy will be
respected ... no outsiders involved.
And you select best payment date and
amount. No unnecessary questiona.
Come in, phone, or write Btuumat today.
...
1 Loans 35 to $300 en
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fhs5nai
fN,HC
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Loans made residents of
tax, borrow or spend a single cent for things that are'
unnecessary at this time. And certainly unnecessary
spending by anybody, including government, has
absolutely no excuse in times like these.
Let's be clear about one thing: There areftwo
essentials to winning a war these days. One is win
ning the victory in the field. The other is making
sure our economy is not being bled to death.
The life insurance companies bring you this message,
because of its importance to all Americans.
Institute of Life Insurance
488 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 22, N. V.
Everybody's Job
Monday, August 21, 19509
nations in the pool plan to es
tablish some machinery whereby
non-pool nations, such as Bri
tain, can eventually be asso
ciated with it.
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