18 Capital Journal, Salem, Ore., Tuesday, February 21, 1950
Grotewohl Is Seen
As Red Captive
By RICHARD K. OMALLEY
AP NewftfetturM)
Berlin, Feb. 21 Vf) Otto Grotewohl, owl-eyed prime minister
of Communist East Germany, is a man no longer understood by
. his old friends.
They can't reconcile the kindly, straightforward social demo
crat they knew with the Grotewohl who suddenly became a
deep ally of the Russians and
- the Communists at the expense
of his own party.
For his history was one of
Socialism, not Communism.
The two are violenSy opposed,
yet Grotewohl was highly in
itrumental in the forced Social
ist-Communist merger in 1946,
Actually it was not a mer
ger, but a swallowing up of
the Socialists by the Com
' munists.
"
- kfi ,n
- Otto Grotewohl
Grotewohl's personal back
ground shows nothing outward
ly which would have led him to
forsake the party he suffered
lor under the Nazis.
He was the son of middle
class parents, and was born
March 11, 1894, in Braunsch
weig In what is now the British
zone. He studied at Leibniz aca
demy and at a Berlin political
college. Later he was a student
0iifst nt Rurlin nnivorailv
. - " . ... .
' He became a printer by
trade, but apparently never fol
lowed it closely.
After World war I, he got a
job as an insurance company
clerk. His interest in politics
-waxed , a n d he successfully
ought a place on the Braun
schweig city council. Later he
became a member of the state
parliament, and finally was sent
to the German Reichstag as a
Social Democrat member.
H e became Braunschweig
minister of interior and educa
tion in the Weimar republic, la
ter minister of justice.
In 1933 the lanky, serious
Grotewohl was elected chair
man of the Braunschweig Social
Democrats. u
Then the Nazis came Into
power, jailed him for seven
months, but a people's court
acquitted him of a charge of
Illegal politieal activity.
Grotwohl seems to have kept
his political connections, for af
ter the abortive. Hitler bomb
plot at Munich in 1939, Gestapo
men grabbed him. Once again
he went free, but after the see
ond bomb plot, in 1944, Grote
wohl went Into hiding to avoid
arrest again.
After World War II Grote
wohl took up his political car
eer again..
He helped revive the Social
Democrat party and was made
chairman of its central commit
tee in June, 1945.
Then, without any warning
to his friends, he suddenly
collaborated with veteran
Communist Wilhelm Pieck,
now east German president,
for the merger of the east
zone Socialists with the Communists.
The Communists showed they
trusted him and named him to
the powerful Politburo of the
Socialist Unity Communist party.
Then came the political pay
off and Grotewohl was named
prime minister in a show-of-
hands election in east Berlin
when the Communists took ov
er.
Last November it was report
ed that Grotewohl had been tak
en to a hospital for treatment of
influenza, which later develop
ed into pneumonia. West Berlin
newspapers insisted it was the
beginning of the end for Grote
wohl, and that his Illness was
purely political.
The east government denied
this, and after treatment, Grote
wohl was shown in a news photo
as taking part in a public cere
mony.
President Pieck then an
nounced Grotewohl would
take a rest cure in a Soviet
Union health resort. Ulbrlcht,
chief deputy, took his job.
The west put its finger to the
side of its nose and nodded.
"Exit Otto," they said. "Once
he gets to Russia he'll get the
Dimitrov treatment." (George
Dimitrov, Communist premier
of Bulgaria, went to Russia for
medical care and died there.)
A former secretary of Grote
wohl recalls one conversation
with him.
"He told me once he would
never go to Russia, no matter
how many times they asked
him. And now look."
The latest word from him in
the east press was that Berlin
Communists had sent a good
health message to him at Moscow.
One west Berlin Social Demo
crat commented:
"I don't ever remember
Moscow as being designated
as a Soviet health resort."
r -Mr'
v
Hungry Child Five-year-.
old Virginia Enangst wistfully
tastes the first bread she has
eaten in three days. She didn't
eat for one day and the day
before that, beans. Her moth
er has food for her now,
thanks to neighbors at Gam
brills, Md. who read in a
newspaper that her father has
been out of work for weeks
and the family was desperate
for food. (AP Wirephoto)
Objection by
NLRB Dropped
The NLRB has dropped Its ob
jection to the Salem Labor coun
cil's placing of the Valley Con
crete company of Independence
on its unfair list.
Robert J. Wiener, national la
bor relations board officer In
Portland, said yesterday a Feb
ruary 28 hearing on the NLRB's
complaint against the AFL coun
cil had been cancelled.
Withdrawal of the complaint
followed two previous victories
for the labor unions Involved In
the case.
The company's demand for a
bargaining election to determine
if AFL teamsters should repre
sent the employes was rejected
by the NLRB for lack of juris
diction. The NLRB ruled the
company was not engaged in in
terstate commerce. A lack of
jurisdiction was also cited In the
NLRB's request for dismissal of
a court action which sought an
injunction against the labor
council.
League of Cities Regional
Meeting Here February 28
CMv rmrieeiine. local ImDrovement nlannine and financing, pro
posed state legislation, and many other items of current interest
to city officials and civic leaders of this area will be on the agenda
of a regional League of Oregon Cities dinner meeting which
has been scheduled for February 28, 6:30 p.m., at the Marine
room 01 ine Marion noiei in-
Salem.
Mayor Elfstrom has issued in
vitations to the mayors, council-
men, and other city officials of
the area, and delegations are ex
pected from Aumsville, Aurora,
Donald, Falls City, Gcrvais, Hub
bard, Independence, Monmouth,
Mt. Angel, Scotts Mills, Silver
ton, Stayton, Sublimity, Turner,
Woodburn, Dallas, Jefferson, St.
Paul, Mill City and Idanha. The
Salem meeting is the third of a
series of 22 such regional meet
ings being conducted throughout
the state this spring which are
expected to draw a total attend
ance of over 1,000 town and city
officials.
In announcing the Salem din
ner meeting, League President,
Hollis S. Smith, mayor of Dallas,
stated that the 1950 meetings
have been timed to coincide with
the preliminary planning of city
budgets for the new fiscal year
and that he felt that a great deal
of value could be derived by the
city officials through an oppor
tunity of exchanging Ideas, ex
periences, and comments on the
many mutual financing problems
presently faced by these officials.
He stressed the fact that the
meeting will be devoted largely
to informal round-table discus
sions with full opportunity for
the several city delegations to
present their particular prob
lems. Accompanying President
Smith to Salem will be Herman
Kehrli, league executive secre
tary; Dean Seeger, league con
sultant, and Arnold M. Westling,
planning and public works con
sultant for the bureau of munic
ipal research and service, to
gether with representatives of
the executive committee of the
league.
Dodd Suggests Low-Cost Farm
Aid for Backward Nations
We can help the undernourished half of the worlds' people
without wrecking our own economy, declares Norris E. Dodd,
Oregon farmer, former Undersecretary of Agriculture and now
Director General of UN's Food and Agriculture Organization,
writing in the March Reader's Digest.
Dodd's theories of agricul-r
tural aid to backward nations,
"with just a little money and a
little brains," are told by Edwin
Muller in an article condensed
from the Minneapolis Tribune.
Recently returned from a trip
to nearly every underdeveloped
area on the globe, Dodd is con
vinced that extravagent schemes
to provide tractors, dams and
power facilities to these regions
are impractical.
"There Just aren't enough fnc
torics in the U.S. to mechanize
backward lands, or enough
dollars in taxpayers' pockets to
pay the bill." In Shanghai he saw
3000 UNRRA tractors rusting in
a field because the Chinese far
mer! didn't know how to use
them.
But Dodd reports yields of
crops substantially Increased by
Mich a simple expedient as level
ing fields before planting.
He introduced into India a
imple rice-threshing device
which extracts the grain four
times as fast as the hand flail
customarily used on many
Indian farms. In India also, he
showed farmers the advantages
of the land-handled hoe and the
wheel cultivator over the ancient
horthoe, and the superiority of
the scythe over the sickle.
Shovels and cheap pumps.
brought to farmers in the Nile
delta, irrigated fields 20 times
more efficiently than old bucket
methods.
American techniques of fert
ilizing, rotating crops, seed se
lection and vaccinating poultry
can be adopted at little expense,
Dodd holds.
In Italy, for instance, corn
yields have already been doub
led on some experimental plots
by the use of American hybrid
seed.
Family Gets Shelter
At Relatives' Home
Brooks, Feb. 21 The Glenn
Wadlcy family, Brooks Rt. 1, arc
temporarily with relatives fol
lowing the loss of their home
and nearly all their possessions
by a fire.
Though the blaze broke out
early in the evening, the family
was able to save bift little. The
Brooks fire department answer
ed the call but by the time it
reached the dwelling, about
three miles east of here, could do
little.
The family consists of the
parents and two children.
Reveal Guided Atomic Missile
With Range of 500 Miles
Washington, Feb. 21 U.R A guided atomic missle that can
be launched 500 miles from the target by a big bomber may
be just around the corner.
Defense officials revealed in week-end Interviews that "sev
eral" self-propelled, surface-to-surface guided missies with
ranges of more than 500 miles
had been developed.
Informed sources said these
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missiles, with modifications, pro
bably could be converted to be
dropped on enemy targets by
bombing plane.
Defense officials, reporting
"satisfactory" progress in all
phases of guided missile work,
also disclosed development of a
12,000-pound free-falling bomb
that can be guided all the way to
its target. They said this could be
an atomic bomb.
Air force officers said the pos
sibility that atomic bombs might
be "guided" in the forthcoming
tests at Eniwetok atoll in the
Pacific.
The 500- mile guided missiles
still are labeled as experimental
because a range is not yet avail
able for full testing of them. First
firings at the full distance of 500
miles must wait until the new
Banana River, Fla., long-range
proving ground is ready about a
year hence.
Brig. Gen. William L. Rich
ardson, who will command the
Banana River testing ground,
said the air force is "vigorously
missiles both as to propulsion
and guidance.
Multi-guidance" 'could include
one device for controlling at
launching and for a short time
thereafter, a second to take over
for the major part of the flight,
and a built-in homing device to
guide the missile to the "bulls-
eye" after it reaches the target
area.
The second-stage guidance
could be either from a series of
surface stations or planes, or a
combination of them.
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