LIFE-AND-DEATH EXPERIMENT
Wife Chauffeurs Attlee Britain's Prime Minister Clement
Attlee is driven by Mrs. Attlee as they leave Walthmstow,
England, town hall, after he filed his nomination papers as
labor candidate for West Walthamstow in the coming general
election. Attlee verbally spanked Winston Churchill for his
suggestion that British motorists be given more gasoline.
4 British motorists are now limited to 90 miles a month of
pleasure driving. (AP Wirephoto)
NEW BRITAIN ELECTS
Parliamentary Majority
Holds Key to Government
Editor's Note: Here is IT. P. Washington Manager Lyle C.
Wilson's first dispatch from London A simple explanation
of the differences between a national election in Great
Britain and at home. He arrived in England yesterday to
cover the British political campaign and elections in terms
familiar to American readers. Wilson's by-line is well known
as he has covered every national election in the United
States since Al Smith ran against Herbert Hoover in 1928.
As the British campaign warms up he will accompany lead
ing candidates into the country and describe the political
rallies. He will also write the main story on the results of
the balloting of Feb. 23.
By LYLE C. WILSON
(United Press Staff Correspondent)
London, Feb. 13 (U.fi) A national election over here seems
very like a national election at home until you get close up to
It and then the big differences begin to stand out.
The chief difference is that we elect a president and a host
of senators and congressmen, whereas the British elect only
members of the house of com-e
mons.
The British voter doesn't cast
a ballot for a candidate for prime
minister or for any other such
executive office as that. He votes
only for the candidate for par
liament he likes best in his con
stituency, which corresponds to
our congressional district in the
United States.
Members of the British upper
house of lords are born to it by
inheriting a title of nobility or
are appointed to it by receiving
a title of nobility.
How to Stay Alive in Frozen
Arctic North at Sixty Below?
(Editor's Note: The Arctic survival phase of "Operation
' Sweet briar" Joint American-Canadian military exercise
is getting an unscheduled life-or-death trial in the frozen
wastes of the storied Yukon. In the past two weeks, two
separate ground-rescue parties have been sent out to match
wits with the elements.)
By ROBERT HERTZLER
Whitehorse. Y. T.. Feb. 13 U.R) Somebody said once that
it's easier to winterize a machine than a man.
In the Yukon where a single gust can chill an unprotected
nerann into a stuoor. the word goes double.
Arctic clothing is the lesser part of equipment carried by hand-
pickea military rescue units.
When any Arctic wind is up and
tiny snow pellets are whizzing
like bullets, a man's best ally is
his own mind.
Moisture is the worst enemy.
One must be on guard constant
ly to avoid anything wet. A
damp mukluk (Eskimo boot)
can cripple a man and bring him
down in the snow to die. Over
exertion, or even a mild panic
can cause sweat that freezes
between the fibers of. wool un
derclothing and slowly cnius
man into unconsciousness.
Our election days are fixed
by law and the constitution. -British
elections usually are
usually timed by a combina
tion of law, constitutional tra
dition, and the convenience of
the party in power.
The socialists who control the
labor government in power here
could have called this election
much sooner or somewhat later.
The law and constitutional tra
dition require that the party in
power shall call a parliamen
tary election at intervals not
greater than five years.
Parlianment which finally was
adjourned last week had been
in office four years, six months
and two days. But in times of
national crisis, the five-year rule
doesn't hold. This month's elec
tion will be only the second
since 1935.
The conservatives won in 1935
and formed what was called a
national government with repre
sentatives of some minor sup
porting parties in minor posi
tions. When Winston Churchill
became prime minister in 1940,
he formed a coalition which the
other two major parties, labor
and liberal, joined. It continued,
with many changes at the top, to
govern Britain throughout the
war. Later, a caretaker cabinet
served until the July 1945 elec
tion.
Churchill's No. 2 man in the
coalition was Clement R. Attlee,
a socialist, who has been prime
minister since the last election.
One of those two men al
most certainly will be prime
minister after this month's
election.
Regardless of the outcome,
Prime Minister Attlee will go to
King George VI in Buckingham
Palace, when the results are
known, to present his resigna
tion. At that meeting, the King
will ask Attlee to form a new
government if labor has won an
other parliamentary majority,
If not, the King will merely ac
cept the resignation and call the
leader of the winning party, in
this case Churchill, to form a
Try cuticura
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CUTICURA
government.
The prime minister then
chooses his cabinet members on
ability and to bind party cliques
and factions together just as they
do at home.
Whoever may win control, the
new parliament has been sum
moned by the King to meet
March 1.
There are lots of "splinter
parties" here. On the Feb.
23 ballot, there will be as
many as 30 parties with candi
dates in one or more consti
tuencies. Most of them are
obscure and Insignificant.
But the British have an elec
tion system which gives all of
them a fair chance.
New York City's
Smartest Horse
Dies of Old Age
New York. Feb. 13 W) The
old boy that has marched at the
head of New York (Jitys pa
rades ever since tne iau s is
dead.
He was a bay gelding namea
Steady."
smartest horse that ever pran
ced up Broadway, said police
nstiector James P. Meenan alter
the horse died of old age yester
day.
"Steady" led many a parade
in which President Roosevlt and
later, President Truman, rode.
He headed the march when Gen.
Eisenhower, the wartime allied
commander, was welcomed
home from Europe.
He'd keep time to any Kina
of music," said Meehan.
Manegre Again Head
Rodeo Association
St Paul For the twelfth con
secutive time, Ray Manegre, St.
Paul implement dealer and hop
rancher, has been elected presi
dent of the St. Paul rodeo association.
Named to serve with him are
Ray Kerr, Salem, vice president,
and Pete Kirk, St. Paul, secre-tarv-treasurer.
Other associa
tion board members namea at
the group's annual election are
Lester Kirk. Carl Smith and
John Smith, all of St Paul, for
three-vear terms.
Mr. and Mrs. Lester J. rune,
Mr. and Mrs. Willie Richardson
of St. Paul were co-chairmen
for the dinner preceding the an
nual stockholders' meeting at
the city hall. In spite of in
clement weather, around 80 per
sons from Salem and Portland
and other Willamette valley
communities attended. A num
ber of new stockholders were
special guests.
Auxiliary Will Meet
Willamina The Firemen's
auxiliary will meet Tuesday at
the fire hall. Luzelle Benefiel
and Meredith Webb will be in
charge of entertainment and Jes
sie King and Blanche Yoast will
I have charge of refreshments.
Bergman-Rossellini Romance
Branded 'Disgraceful' by Paper
Boston, Feb. 13 W.R) The Pilot, official organ of the Boston
Catholic archdiocese, called the romance of Ingrid Bergman and
Roberto Rossellini a "disgraceful union" today and said "scuttle
butt has brought the name of the church into this indecent
situation."
In an editorial headed "Un
holy Doings in a Holy Year," the
Pilot said:
"Nothing is more beautiful
than a new baby . . .
"Last week, however, there
was a birth in Rome not quite
so bright with promise, not
quite so pleasing to talk about.
While thousands of pious people
milled about the Eternal City
with the glow of holy pilgrim
age in their eyes, a simpering
Swedish actress and an Italian
director became the parents of a
little boy. And the whole world
. . . is informed of the progress
of illicit love."
The editorial said "it is horri
fying to reflect how the heinous
ness of the sin is augmented by
the degree of notoriety."
"Scuttlebutt has brought the
name of the church into this in
decent situation," it said. "We
are informed by 'reliable sour
ces'coffee house gossip in
Rome, (1) That the woman is
planning to become a Catholic;
(2) That the man is to seek an
ecclesiastical annulment of his
previous nuptial ties; (3) That
the baby is to be baptized a Ca
tholic. "This presents, to those who
mind the church's business more
assiduously than she does her
self, a triple query. To the first
point we may briefly reply that
Christ died for all and his mer
cy endureth forever; that the
precedent of the repentant Mag
dalene will be honored for all
WHY SUFFER
ANY LONGER
When othsrj fall, um our Chine re
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In China. No matter with what ail
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sinusitis, heart, hints, llvrt kidneys,
gas. constipation, ulcers, diabetes,
rheumatism, gall and bladder, ftver,
skin, female complaint.
CHARLIE
CHAN
Chinese man co.
Offlet Start t to i,
Taat. aai Sal. taly
tS4 N. Commercial
Phone S1S30
SALEM, GSt.
time. To the second it can be
said that ecclesiastical courts,
absorbed only in the integrity of
the sacrament of marriage, may
review an alleged non-marriage
without respect to persons. To
the third we say that we devout
ly hope so, but remind our in
quirers that no child can be bap
tized in the church unless there
is reasonable expectation that he
will be reared conscious of the
grave obligations involved.
Naturally decent people will
not take much notice of the
film, good or bad, which was
the occasion of this disgraceful
union."
Why Be Curious?
Just Order More!
Quincy, 111., Feb. 13 VP)
When Mrs. R. H. Niggemeyer
opened a can of sauerkraut
for supper, she found some
cabbage of an unexpected va
riety. She found a tight green roll
Inside of the can. It turned
out to be four II bills.
Mrs. Niggemeyer has writ
ten to the canning company
about It She isn't mad. Just
curious.
Youngsters like chopped salt
ed peanuts added to raisin-oat
meal cookies.
UrTI'iy Jljl'1"11'!1.1 I Capital Journal, Salem, Ore., Monday, February 13, 195015
Standard clothing for "oper
ation sweetbriar" combat teams
includes a pair of mukluks to
protect the feet, a fur and fiber
glass lined parka, heavy mitts
and fur-lined pants. Underneath
are one, two or three sets of
woolen "longies."
In extreme cold, breathing is
done through the four-inch fur
of a wolverine or wolf-skin lined-parka.
Students at the army's
survival school in Nome, Alas
ka, are told that there are no
medical records of anyone dying
from having lungs seared by
extreme cold. However, 60 be
low zero temperature can cause
the sinus and teeth of an uncli
matized person to ache severely,
No one must carry too much
weight. No one is permitted
to run.
A steady, almost unhurried
pace that keeps body temper
ature in balance with protec
tion afforded by clothing is
the only way to move cross
country and stay alive.
If there are injured to be
carried, they must be bundled
into bulky down-tuffed sleeping
bags and dragged on "ahkios," a
Finnish sled, light and strong,
which has been adopted by Ame
rican and Canadian mountain-
rescue units.
Next to moisture, wind is the
worst enemy.
A stand a r d, demonstration
used by the U.S. army at its Arc
tic indoctrination camps is to
clamp a piece of close-woven ar
my twill over an empty tin can,
tie the can on a pole and face
it into the wind. After a few
hours a cupful of almost micro
scopic snow pellets will be found
inside.
To survive, man must know
when it's time to get out of the
wind. But more important he
must know how to get out of the
wind.
Weather-tight cabins are few
and far between in the Yukon,
and hastily thrown-up lean-tos
of branches offer only a place
to freeze to death. Insulation is
the secret.
The insulation is snow
snow that can kill a man just
sits on It in the wind, and al
lows his body to absorb the
chill.
Contrary to popular belief, a
hut built of snow blocks is not
the best way to take advantage
of the insulating quality of snow.
The igloo is used by the Eski
mo, but it would take an un
trained man half a day to put one
up. Soldiers and airmen are now
trained to dig a slit trench in
the snow, and then tunnel rooms
into the sides.
Once inside, a man can't just
roll up in a ball and fall asleep.
Every few hours it is necessary
to scrape off the layer of ice
on the ceiling which forms from
his own breath. If the ice is
allowed to accumulate, the snow
no longer holds out the cold and
turns the shelter into a death
trap.
Marathon Revival Meeting Standing room is all that re
mains in Pierce Memorial chapel during a 39-hour marathon
revival meeting at Wheaton college in Wheaton, 111. Some
1500 students and faculty members prayed and made public
confessions during the meeting. The spontaneous demonstra
tion of faith in God began during a regular weekly meeting
and was called to an end by college president V. Raymond
Edman to avoid "notoriety." (Acme Telephoto)
Astronomer Answers
Questions About Stars
By J. HUGH PRUETT
Astronomer, Extension Division, Oregon Higher Education Bystem
A few recently-received questions are answered here,
1. "Do the planets at times actually stand still on their orbits?"
The correspondent had read somewhere that on February 12
Mars would be stationary, and on February 19 Venus would
suffer the same fate.
In matters astronomical we
have to distinguish between
seeming and actual occurren
ces. According to all the Known
laws of mechanics if a planet
should sometime tire of its
ceaseless encirclement of Old
Sol, there world be no outward
centrifugal force to balance the
gravitational force inward, and
it would at once fly into the
blazing inferno of the sun. But
thre would have to be some
mighty force in the first place
to stop the planet in its revolu
tion, for motion like rest re
quires an outside force to
change it.
The "standing still" refers
simply to a planet's seeming
movement among the fixed
stars. Its continuous actual east
ward motion around the sun and
the relative positions assumed
by earth, planet and sun, causes
the planet to seem to us to be
changing its position among the
distant stars. For a few months
it may seem to be getting far
ther eastward. Later, it appears
to go westward. And at the time
of change it is apparently sta
tionery for a short time.
2. "What makes a bright star
dance about violently at times?
I cannot get my friends to watch
long enough to see it."
Several times I have received
such inquiries. Atmospheric
conditions at times make bril
liant stars near the horizon
twinkle energetically, seem to
flash various colors and change
brightness rapidly. It seems cer
tain, however, that a very un
usual phenomenon sometimes
described when only one per
son out of a group sees it is
due simply to defects in eye
sight. 3. "Are there actually stars
Region 7 Will
Hear Sammons
E. C. Sammons, president of
the U. S. National Bank, will
speak on "The Welfare State'
at a meeting of Region 7 of the
Oregon Farm Bureau Federa
tion, February 18, in Oregon
City.
Regional Director Glen Ritchie
of Forest Grove said that the
region includes Washington,
Multnomah and Clackamas
county farm bureaus. j
County Agent J. J. Inskeep
will open the program which
will include reports from the
various Farm Bureau commodity
departments.
Department chairmen are:
John Gale of Canby. dairy; Ed
Carothers of Hillsboro. fruit and
vegetable; Walter Hardy of Mo-
lalla, livestock; Fred Cockell of
Milwaukie, poultry; Wesley
Bntchelder of Hillsboro, field
crops.
A forum on reapportionment
of the Oregon legislature will
feature speakers 'eoresentine
the Newberger plan and the
"balanced representation" olan.
The regional meeting is
scheduled to begin at 9:30 a.m.
at the parish hall of the St. Paul
Episcopal church in Oregon City.
Kitcnie invited all interested
rural people to participate In this
important agricultural meeting.
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Samdahl Entering Home
Silverton Ole Samdahl, 88,
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Mrs. Samdahl recently died fol
lowing a fall at the family home
on Broadway street, when she
sustained a fractured hip.
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that are double; two stars rela
tively closer together that re
volve around each other?"
Thousands of them. A small
astronomical telescope will re
veal multitudes of such stars,
huge suns at enormous distan
ces from us. One of the finest is
Mizar, the middle star in the
handle of the familiar Big Dip
per. Through a telescope, the
tiny star which is seen (with
out optical aid) very close to
Mizar is widely separated from
it, and the bright star which
seems to be one is broken into
two bright stars quite close to
gether.
4. "At the arctic circle in
northern Alaska, what are the
phenomena of the midnight sun
June 22 and the noon sun Dec.
22?"
Around the time of the long
est days, the sun for a few days
never sets, but skims eastward
along the northern sky line and
at midnight is on the north
point of the horizon. About De
cember, the sun almost fails to
rise at the arctic circle, but sim
ply peers above the south part
of the horizon for a short time
at noon.
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Pew people realize that In 1850 Lincoln
was ottered the governorship of the vast
Oregon Territory. "...President Taylor
replaced him Joseph Lane at Governor,
in 1830, after offering the office to Abraham
Lincoln who declined." Fuller, Geo. W,
A History c Ibt Pacific Sorlbwttl,
(an of theeopleL
In commemoration of the birthday of Abraham Lincoln whd
dedicated his life to the principle that all men should live, free and
equal, this bank will observe Monday, February 13, at a legal
holiday in all of Its offices.
Lincoln served his country well and as a final measure of that
devotion gave his life. Now... full century after he was offered
the governorship of the Oregon Territory... a free America is still
moving westward.
Here in the great state he would have served so well, The United
States National Bank is dedicated to the task of serving the financial
needs of Oregonianj. Popularly known at "an Oregon bank serving
Oregon," The United States National Bank stands ready to assist
big business and small... individuals and organizations ... city sec
tions and rural areas alike. Whatever your banking need, you will
find a warm welcome, efficient, courteous service and complete
banking facilities at The United States National Bank.
IADD & BUSH-SALEM BRANCH
Stat atiti Commrlol
9. W. IYII VIM ffM.
IOY NILSON...A.U. Vlt. Pom.
L. C. SMITH., ..Ant. Vlca Pr.
.MCOt FUHflER.,..Aiit. Coihlaf
IIO O. PAOI Ant. Caihl
t. P. IOSTRACK Am), Mf
LAWMNCI R. IMSHIR.Am,. Mgr.
ORVAl C. KINNir4..Anl. Mr
WAIT 1 1 McCUNE. . . .Aiil. Mr"
IAWMNCI MORGAN . A. N
WEST SALIM BRANCH
1117 rdicwatcr Knot
REX GIBSON, Manager
LEGAL HOLIDAY MONDAY, FEBRUARY 13