SO Capital Journal, Salem, Ore., Friday, February 10, 1950
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Atomic Age Building Plans
Outlined by Federal Report
By C. YATES McDANIEL
whinrton. Feb. 10 (",- The federal government today handed
the nation a grim primer in construction problems of the Atomic
age. ..
It issued a report enuuea uamage irwm atomic explosion ana
design of protective structures," dealing in matter-of-fact lan
guage with requirements lor
buildings which might have to
undergo the tremendous force of
a nearby A-bomb blast.
The best advice It could
offer builders was to erect im
portant structures as far from
strategic areas as possible, or
put them underground.
It called for dispersal of po
tential war plants, and said the
most vital industries might have
to bury themselves deep
caves and mines.
Tearful Reunion Mrs. Lena Wilson Brunson, 35, of Ned
erland, Tex., embraces her daughter, Lora Lee Michel,
nine-year-old movie actress, when they were reunited in
Los Angeles at a custody hearing to determine if Lora Lee
Is to be made a ward of juvenile court. Mrs Lorraine Michel,
Lora Lee's foster mother, has been charged with mistreating
her. This picture was made by Photographer Neil Clemans
of the Los Angeles Mirror. (AP Wirephoto)
NO TRICK DEFENSE
Keep A-Bombs Away, Hit
Plants, Scientist Says
Washington, Feb. 10 W) Dr. Vannevar Bush, atomic scientist,
aid Thursday the only defense against atomic or hydrogen
bombs is to keep them from reaching their target or to strike
the place where they are made.
"There is no defense against a bomb, as such," Bush told
reporters.
He said he had given that opin
ion to the senate armed services
committee during a two-hour
secret discussion of modern
weapons and defenses.
Bush was one of the key
scientists who advised military
leaders on weapons during the
last war. He was director of the
office of scientific research and
developement and also advisor
to the joint chiefs of staff. "The
way to defend against an atomic
bomb," he said, "is to stop the
irplane or other carrier before
it gets to the target, to bomb the
place that is manufacturing."
. Bush said the same would
pply to the projected hydrogen
bomb on which this country is
working. v
There' is "no trick way" to do
It, he emphasized.
He added, however, that de
fense against new weapons de
velop so quickly it is dangerous
to forecast effectiveness.
But he said he knows of no
way to set off an enemy's atomic
bomb or any other kind of bomb
cn its way to a target.
Before other senators, mean
while, the national council for
the prevention of war was urging
that the hydrogen bomb be out
lawed and that the nation "pru
dently" Junk all weapons more
destructive than a rifle.
"We ought to do it first by
example," James Finucune of
Washington, a council told a sen
ate foreign relations subcommit
tee.
Bush testified after several
lawmakers had expressed con
cern over President Truman's
delay in naming a new atomic
energy commission chairman to
succeed David E. Lilienthal. Lill
cnthal resigned last December,
effective Feb. 15.
Thus far the president has not
recommended a successor and a
number of lawmakers are con
cerned over any possible slow
down the delay might cause in
the nation s atomic program.
Atom Power by
End of Ihe Year
New York, Feb. 10 U.R The
United Slates' program toward
harnessing the atom for power
is making rapid progress and
before the end of the year the
first pilot plants may be in op
eration.
They will be pilot plants that
ultimately will lead to atomic
engines for electricity and for
propulsion of ships or airplanes.
They are definitely out of the
blue-print stage, and detailed
engineering design of a ship
propulsion reactor is scheduled
to begin this year.
In addition, preliminary con
struction of an experimental
breeder reactor in Idaho from
which a small amount of useful
power is expected as a by
product is scheduled to be
completed by the end of the year.
Progress of the American pro
gram to obtain atomic power Is
reported in the seventh semi
annual report of the atomic en
ergy commission.
The commission's report tells
of four major reactor projects,
all of which pertain to atomic
power in one way or another.
Conventioners Return
Unionvale U. S. Alderman,
Adolph Hrnba and Mrs. Neva
Crnbtrce of the Alderman farm
in the Unionvale district have
been in attendance at the na
tional frozen food packers and
distributors convention, held in
Chicago, 111. llraba traveled by
rail. Alderman and Mrs. Crab
tree traveled by air. llraba and
Mrs. Crabtrec returned Tuesday.
Alderman remained longer.
The report was prepared, by
the national security resources
board, for use by civil defense
planners across the nation. It
will be distributed by the NSRB
to the governors of all the states.
The report's findings are based
on studies made largely in Hiro
shima, the first city ever to feel
the terrible effect of an atomic
explosion. It included no ref
erence to later, more powerful
A-bombs, nor did it mention the
fearful hydrogen bomb now
being developed.
Surveys made in Japan, it
said, showed that heavily framed
steel and reinforced concrete
buildings offered the greatest
resistance to atomic blast. Those
which offered the weakest show
ing were shed-type structures
with light frames and long, un
supported beams.
As for housing, the report
well-constructed frame build
ings stand up well against
blast, but are vulnerable to
fire.
It cautioned builders against
all-brick walls that support
floor beams and roofs. Such
structures in Japan, the report
said, "were engulfed by the
oncoming pressure wave and
collapsed completely,
Atomic and defense experts
who compiled the report made
their recommendations on the
"assumption" that damage with
in one-half mile of the point im
mediately below an aerial ex
plosion would be "so severe a:
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a.
to make protection of above
ground facilities impractical
within that area."
A bomb with twice the de
structive force of the Hiroshima
weapon would increase this area
of virtually complete destruction
about 60 per cent, the report
said.
But outside this area, "a great
deal can be done to minimize the
damage" from air blast, earth
shock, atomic rays and heat.
As a step in the right direc
tion it called attention to build
ing codes adopted in 11 western
states concerned about possible
earthquake damage.
Under these codes, buildings
must be strong enough to resist
horizontal forces varying from
two per cent to 16 per cent of
their vertical loads.
While "a great deal remains
to be done before satisfactory
design procedures can be estab
lished," the report said, it i!
possible now to offer some "ten
tative" suggestions.
It said large, new struc
tures should be fire resistant
and strengthened against blast
and ground shock. Such build
ings would have to be strong
enough to stand against a ho
rizontal wind exerting 90
pounds per square foot, and
a wind blowing straight down
with a force of 70 pounds
per square foot besides meet
ing the toughest requirements
of the Pacific coast states.
Soft structural grade steel was
recommended for reinforcing,
becaus it bends without snap
ping as easily as hard steel.
The report estimated that this
country has about 320,000,000
square feet of floor space avail
able to vital industries in mines,
many of which are reasonably
near labor supply and transportation.
"There may be tunnels or
caves near cities," it added, "that
can be used for control centers,
emergency operating rooms, or
for storage of medical supplies.
"They must be in good condi
tion and in a suitably stable
geologic formation. The entrance
doors must be protected against
blast by barricades and should
be of heavy steel construction.
The report is the second in
a series based on a comprehen
sive atomic study being pre
pared at the atomic energy com
mission's Los Alamos, N.M., lab
oratory. The first report, issued
last month, dealt with medical
problems.
The new report said that mak
ing existing structures A-blast
resistant is much more difficult
than planning new buildings.
Bomb shelter location in com
mercial buildings should be giv
en "first priority," it said, with
shelters spotted on the lower
floors or halls in the building's
interior.
Around the shelter should
be a 12-inch thick reinforced
concrete wall fastened secure
ly to the . building's outer
structure. "In most cases."
r the report says, this will be
"adequate to resist blast at
one - half mile" from the
ground center of the explosion.
Rep. Moore taRun
Coos Bay, Feb. 10 (IP) Rep.
Ralph T. Moore, Coos Bay, is
going to run for a fifth term
as state representative.
Moore said he decided to seek
reelection so as to wind up his
state highway study project.
"However, I am quite certain
that this is the last time I
will seek election to the house,
he said.
Bomb Control
Up to Russia
Washington, Feb. 10 (IP)
President Truman said last nighi
that if the United States could
get a little cooperation from
Russia international controls
could be put on atomic weapons.
The President said that this
government is standing squarely
behind the Baruch plan lor in
ternational controls.
This is the plan worked out
by a commission headed by
Bernard M. Baruch and present
ed to the United Nations. Rus
sia refused to accept its pro
posals for inspection of atomic
facilities in all countries.
At a news conference, Mr
Truman also made it clear that
he sees no need for any new
commission or committee to
evaluate arament policy in the
light of possible development of
the hydrogen bomb.
This is an idea that has been
put forward by some commenta
tors and columnists.
Mr. Truman said the Ameri
can position has never changed
a bit, so there isn't any use in
getting all steamed up over the
situation.
The United States, he went on,
is doing everything it possibly
can to preserve the peace and
find effective controls for atomic
weapons.
Wheat is attacked by 77 diseases.
No Red Tape
For India
Just White Tape
New Delhi, India, Feb. 10
W) There will be no more
red tape in the government of
India.
Red tape of the variety
used to tie up letter files is
being replaced by white tape.
Officials explain red Is a Br!- ,
tish imperial color and has no
place here now that India Is
a republic.
Besides, white tape Is cheaper.
Load Limits in Benton
Corvallis, Feb. 10 (IP) All
heavy trucks were banned from
Benton county roads today to
prevent damage in still-thawing
sections.
- The load limit was seven tons.
LBEfiNDA TOME
Yes! Spring is just around the corner and now is the
time to purchase those BEGONIA TUBERS. We have a
complete selection, but it will not last long. Remember
last spring how you waited too long, and then found out
to your sorrow that we were sold out? Don't let it happen
again! Big fat Tubers, two (2) inches or more in diameter
for only 40 c each or $4.00 per dozen. These are
American grown and the world's finest, so don't miss
out. The early bird gets the TUBERS!
Salem's First and Only Begonia Specialists
D-VISTA GARDENS
3225 D Street Salem, Oregon
Osteoarthritis
By J. H. WILLETT
at tho Capital Drug Stort
A common form of this dis
ease is the enlarged finger joints,
or what appear to be bumps on
the finger joints of elderly peo
ple, especially women. Another
name for this disease is "Heb
erden's nodes."
This form of arthritis is not p
seriously disabling, it usually
comes from just the wear and
tear of growing older. In a
sense it is hereditary for if your
mother, grandmother, or sister
have it, and you are a woman,
the chances are that you eventu
ally will have it too. ,
Medical knowledge is Con
stantly increasing and the sur
est way to keep good health is
to consult a doctor regularly.
Rely on an able pharmacist to fill
your prescriptions.
This fa tha M3rd of a lerlei of Editorial
Adverthrmfnts appearlns Id this paper
euch Friday.
(CopyrlthO
Capital Drug Store
State & Liberty Phone S-Slli
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Price may vary slightly In nearby eomnwnitiei due
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WARNER MOTOR COMPANY
1
430 North Commercial
Salem, Oregon