Capital Afejriaal
THE WEATHER HERE
CLOUDY WITH occasional snow
tonight, Wednesday. Not quite
so cold. Lowest tonight near 10
degrees; highest Wednesday, 25.
Maximum yesterday, S3; minimum to
day, -10. Total 24-honr precipitation, 0;
for monib, 11.70: norma!, 8.31. Season
precipitation, 16.69; normal, 4.64. Hirer
helfht, 6.5 feet. (Report by V. S. Weather
Bureau.)
H O
EDITION
u jo W" 1
Salem, Oregon, Tuesday, January 3 ivsO (16 Pages)
62nd Year, No. 26
Entered u econd flaM
matter at Salem, Oreaon
Price 5c
10 Below Zero
Lowest Record
Set in Salem
Frigid Blast at 6 a.m.
Tuesday; Previous Low
Of 1919 Broken
By MARIAN LOVVRY FISCHER
Ten degrees below zero! That
was Salem's minimum temper
ature Tuesday morning, the
boldest mark on record here and
the lowest in the memory ot
long-time residents who can re
call the times before official
weather records.
Thermometers slid to the -10
mark about 6 a.m. Tuesday.
The reading really was -10.3
degrees, but the size of the frac
tion for the weather records
threw it to the -10 mark.
The weather bureau stated
the mercury did not climb back
to the zero mark until about 9
a.m., most folk having to go to
work in sub-zero temperatures.
By noon the thermometer had
"warmed" up to 12 degrees.
Coldest temperature on rec
ord here preceding Tuesday's
frigid blast was 6 below zero
recorded on December 14, 1919.
On January 21, 1930, the mer
cury registered at -5.
Little Relief in Sight
Weather officials say little re
lief is in sight tonight and Wed
nesday except that temperatures
are likely to be slightly higher
than during Monday night. A
low of 10 degrees above zero
is predicted for tonight, but aft
er the sudden change in events
late Monday Salem residents
were casting a skeptical eye and
expecting the worst. There was
more cloudiness during the
morning, however. ' '
(Concluded on Page 5, Column 7)
Winter Clasps
Entire Nation
(Br the Auoclated Trtu)
January was bowing out of
the winter scene today with a
mixture of mostly bad weather
snow, sleet, rain and cold
over wide sections of the coun
try. The coldest weather was in
the northern and central plains
states and most of the western
states. Temperatures had mod
erated in the frigid belt of Min
nesota and the Dakotas, but read
ings still remained below zero.
Sub-zero marks also were re
ported in the Pacific Northwest.
Snow fell today from south
ern New England westward into
the upper Mississippi valley.
Eain extended over the middle
Atlantic states and the lower
Ohio valley. A freezing rain
belt covered areas from the vi
cinity of New York City west
ward Into Ohio. Highways in
many sections were reported
hazardous.
June (topped breaking out all
over in upper New York state
as departing January dumped
up to five inches of snow in the
district. Upstate ski fans were
'joyous, but metropolitan New
Yorkers had to slop their way
to work through sleet, snow, and
freezing rain.
There also was some freezing
lain in north and central Texas
and another rain belt over Ar
kansas and central and north
east Texas. Some rain fell last
night from Virginia to north
ern Louisiana.
Snow and Ice Cover
Oregon Highways
Oregon's highways were cov
ered with snow and ice today,
but road conditions were im
proved. Most of the routes have been
sanded, while chains are neces
sary on others.
The 9:30 a.m. summary of
road conditions, as reported by
state police and the state high
way commission: "
Government Camp packed
snow, plowing carry chains.
Santiam Pass silver thaw,
chains required.
Willamette pass packed snow
and ice, chains required.
German Ship Sunk
Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
Jan. 31 (IP) The 743-ton German
ship S. S. Fidamus has sunk
near the German island Bor
kum, the British tug Rumania
reported by radio today. The Ru
mania rescued eight survivors
and a search for eight other miss
ing crew members was continu-
Freeze Causes
Heavy Damage
To Fruit Trees
Extent of Injury to
Depend Upon Weather
During Next Week
By JAMES D. OLSON
Course of the weather dur
ing the next week or 10 days
will determine the extent of
damage to fruit trees and berry
vines due to minus-zero weather
in the Willamette valley, ac
cording to veteran growers
Tuesday.
A sudden, sharp rise in tem
perature would raise havoc
with the trees, it was said, al
though if the present cold spell
is dissipated slowly, it is esti
mated that the damage will not
be as severe.
J. J. Gallagher, of the Salem
Nut Growers association, after
contacting members of the as
sociation who operate orchards,
said that all declared that while
some damage had been done to
trees as the result of minus
zero weather, the extent would
not be ascertained for at least
a week.
Compared with 1919
Back in December of 1919,
when the thermometer went
down to below zero, extensive
damage occured in the low ar
eas with less damage to trees
planted in the higher regions.
"It is impossible to tell at the
moment just how widespread
and extensive the weather dam
age is to the walnut and filbert
trees," said Gallagher.
Various types of grasses
grown in the Willamette valley
are being protected from the
cold weather by the snow cover,
according to H. L. Riches, Mar
ion county agent.
Hops Not Damaged
It is not believed that the
cold spell will result in any se
rious damage to the hops in the
valley, because the vines are
dry and the roots are covered
with snow.
(Concluded on Page 5, Column 6)
Mass Meeting
On Bus Service
Because of numerous petitions
from the people of Salem rela
tive to reduced street bus serv
ice by City Transit Lines, Mai
B. Rudd, chairman of Mayor
Elfstrom's special transportation
committee, has called a public
meeting at the Marion hotel
Wednesday noon.
It will be a luncheon meeting
and is mainly for representatives
of organized groups that are in
terested in the bus service.
Rudd said protesting petitions
received from the Garden road
and Four Corners districts were
from organized groups. Among
other petitions are those from
the Broadway, Fairgrounds road
and Leslie school districts.
Some petitions go so far as
to demand restoration of the en
tire service as it was originally,
which the bus company says
would be economically impos
sible. Rudd said the investigation so
far indicates that some of the
curtailed service might be re
stored, and some of it not. His
committee will have a final re
port possibly in a month, he said.
In the meantime Rudd will
make a business trip to the
southwest and said he would in
vestigate street bus service in
Tucson, Yuma and some other
places while he is away.
Testings Start for New
Marion Street Bridge
Testing for location of piers for the new Willamette bridge
at Marion street was expected to
less of weather.
The bridge division of the state
a barge from the Salem Boat house, and the bridge engineers said
they would put down four holes,
one at the location of each pier.
The holes will be drilled to a
depth of 40 feet below the bed
of the river.
All the drillings will be made
from a raft.
The bridge is estimated to cost
$1,250,000. It will be a two
lane bridge for one-way, west
bound traffic only, according
to the Baldock grid and traffic
plan of which it is a part.
The cost of the bridge, exclu
sive of right of way charges, Is
to be borne by the federal bu
reau of public roads and the
state highway commission on
1 sv
Rescue Crew
Of Search Plane
Whitehorse, Y. T., Jan. 31 VP)
Backtracking on an heroic
search pilot's trail through waist
deep snow led a rescue party to
five other crash survivors, early
today as the great C-54 plane
search pressed on.
The survivors, three reported
injured and the other two "all
right," were brought to a
military camp hospital this
morning.
They crashed 21 miles south
of this Yukon base yesterday
while engaged with more than
50 other planes in the search
for a missing U. S. air force
C-54 transport with 44 aboard.
The rescue party slogged
through five miles of waist deep
snow to the C-47 plane crash
scene at the base of isolated
Caribou mountain.
The party followed the trail
left by Lt. Charles H. Harden,
pilot of the crashed C-47. With
his face broken and bloody, he
stopped a truck on the Alaska
highway late yesterday after a
desperation five-mile hike.
He stopped the truck early in
the long sub-arctic night by
signaling frantically with his
flashlight.
Harden is from Elmenaori
field. Anchorage, Alaska.
The rescue party is headed by
Lt. Edwin Gulczynski of Camp
Carson, Colo.
Indo-Chinese
Chief Red Agent
Washington, Jan. 31 VP) The
state department declared today
that Moscow's recognition of the
Ho Chi-Minh's Indo-Chinese re
gime proves that Ho is "an agent
of world communism.
Press Officer Lincoln White
said that "anybody who will take
the trouble to look into (Ho's)
past record will see that he is
preaching Indo-China for the
Russians and not for the Indo-
Chinese."
Russia recognized the Ho reg
ime today, following communist
China's lead, in a move which
may mean that Indo-China is the
next objective in the red expan
sion in Asia.
Ho Chi-Minh set up his claim
to rule in competition with the
French sponsored government of
emperor Bao Dai.
Asked about Moscow s recog
nition of Ho, White replied:
"The only comment I have to
make is concerned with Mr. Ho
himself. He has a long record
under various aliases as a Mos
cow agent."
start Tuesday afternoon regard
highway department has rented
60-40 basis. The location of the
bridge was fixed by the com
mission and the bureau of public
roads.
Completion of the bridge is to
be followed by alterations of the
present Center street bridge,
which will become a one-way
bridge for eastbound traffic. This
reconstruction will not start un-
til the Marion street bridge is
completed and opened for traf
fic. Until the old bridge is re
built the new one will be used
for two-way traffic.
Rebuilding of the old one is
aestimated to cost $750,000.
Officially Cold M. S. Main, official in charge of th" weather
bureau here, points to a minimum reading of 10.3 degrees
below zero registered on. the bureau thermometer early today.
This is an official record for low temperature at Salem. "But,"
said Main at 9:15 a.m., when this photograph was made, "it
is getting warmer. Now it is only a little below zero."
Weather Forecaster
Says, It's Warming Up'
By CHRIS KOWITZ, Jr.
It was 6 a.m.
Harvey T. Chan, on duty all alone at the United States
weather bureau at McNary field, slipped on his hat and coat and
stepped outside.
As he does every hour on the
Missouri Held
Stuck on Rock
Aboard the Battleship Mis
souri off Norfolk, Va., Jan. 31
VP) Another attempt to float
this grounded battleship failed
today and salvage experts said
"We believe we are hung on a
r'ek." -
feear Admiral Homer N. Wal
lin told reporters the failure of
tugs and beach gear exerting
some 1,000 tons of pull indicated
that probably a large rock has
dented the ship's bottom and
keeps her from riding over it."
The boss of the salvage job,
Rear Admiral Allan E. Smith,
said another attempt . . . the fifth
since the Big Mo ran aground on
a Chesapeake bay shoal January
17 . ... will be made tomorrow
morning. If that try fails still
another attempt will be made
Thursday.
Today's operation, described
as a "coordination rehearsal" for
Thursday's scheduled effort, be
gan at 5:45 a.m. and was called
off at 7:30 a.m.
The Missouri's bow moved one
degree to starboard (the right)
but she did not move an inch
toward the deep water that lies
so tantalizingly near, only a
half mile astern.
Faces of officers and men were
grim as the 45,000 ton ship stub
bornly resisted the combined
pulling power of 13 tugs, two
heavy duty salvage ships and
nine beach gear rigs each exert
ing a pulling force of some 80
tons.
Japs Invited to
Visit Legislature
Boston, Jan. 31 (IP) Members
of the Japanese diet (parlia
ment) who came to Boston to
learn about democracy and
were snubbed by the Boston city
council got a better welcome
today from the Massachusetts
legislature.
Escorted by army officers and
state department representatives,
the group toured the state house
and then attended committee
hearings.
Three of them visited the le
gislative committee on the judi
ciary, which was hearing bills
which propose modification of
Massachusetts' mandatory capi
tal punishment in first degree
murder cases.
England Places Big
Order for Apples
Washington, Jan. 31 UP) Eng
land has ordered $2,000,000
worth of apples in this country
through the economic coopera
tion administration but not
enough have been offered to
fill the request, Rep. Horan
(R., Wash.) has been informed.
C. Tyler Wood, acting head
of the ECA, told Horan that the
agency had approved orders
from foreign countries for $28,-
996,000 worth of U. S. fruits, in
cluding the $2,000,000 order for
apples.
hour during his early-morning
shift every day, Chan walked
about 75 feet to Salem's official
thermometer, took out his pad
and pencil and turned his flash
light on the thermometer.
Chan peered at the instru
ment. He blinked his eyes and
took another look. Sure enough.
Ten below. History was made.
Chan is one of five men em
ployed by the United States gov
ernment as weather observers
for the Salem station. Heading
the local office is M. S. Main
of 2180 Maple avenue.
Main explained Tuesday morn
ing how the weather is recorded
He showed instruments used
hourly to determine tempera
ture, snowfall, sky conditions,
etc.
He pointed to teletypes which
pour out a monotonous clickety-
click all day and all night with
vital weather information from
other cities. Salem sends its
weather data out on the tele
types, too.
au the time Main was ex
plaining the office procedure,
an assistant was busy answer
ing the telephone.
"We average about four calls
a minute now," said Main. "We
answer the phone whenever we
can, but since only one man
on duty about 80 or 85 per cent
of the time, he has to let the
phone ring sometimes while he
is doing other things."
Main led us to the enclosure
where the sensitive thermome
ters are housed.
"Hmm. It's warming up." he
said. "Ought to hit zero any
time now."
That was at 9:10 a.m.
Then Main was going to show
how humidity is determined. To
do this, he said, it was neces
sary to whirl a fan fixed near
the humidity instrument.
But Main couldn't complete
the demonstration. The fan was
frozen.
6 More Destroyers
For Pacific Fleet
Washington, Jan. 31 UP) T h e
United States Pacific fleet will
have six more destroyers by Sep
tember, the navy announced to
day. The navy did not mention the
dispatch to the Pacific of anoth
er aircraft carrier, which has
also been under consideration.
The destroyers going to the
Pacific will be organized as es
cort division one, operating from
Pearl Harbor.
One of the six, the "killer'
destroyer Carpenter, is the latest
ship of its kind. It is now under
going shakedown trials out of the
Norfolk, Va., naval base. The
Carpenter will be ready for Pa
cific duty in June.
The announced reinforcement
of the Pacific fleet will reduce
active strength in the Atlantic
by one destroyer.
Morse to Meet Engineers
Pendleton, Ore., Jan. 31 0J.R)
Sen. Wayne L. Morse and Col.
O. E. Walsh, northwest division
engineer of the army engineers
will confer In Pendleton Feb.
13 on the need for a Ryan creek
dam 25 miles east of Pendleton
on the Umatilla river.
KF
iruman uraers worn Begun
On Super Hydrogen Bomb
Truman Calls
70-Day Truce
In Coal Strike
Washington, Jan. 30 VP) Pres
ident Truman today called for
a 70-day truce in the coal min
ing deadlock while presidential
fact-finders investigate.
He proposed to act outside the
union-hated Taft-Hartley act,
following the same pattern he
used in last year's steel strike.
In messages to the United
Mine Workers and leading oper
ator groups, Mr. Truman asked
that they agree to:
Full Operation of Mines
1. Seventy days of full coal
production beginning February
6.
2. An investigation by a pres
idential board of three which
would be under instructions to
make recommendations within
60 days for a settlement of the
mining contract dispute.
Neither side would be bound
to accept the board's recom
mendations. The president asked for re
plies to his proposal by noon
Saturday, February 4.
Mr. Truman stepped into the
situation as the number of coal
miners now idle rose to over
100,000. The other 300,000 mln
ers are working only three days
a week.
President's Message
His proposal came only 24
hours before John L. Lewis,
head of the United Mine Work
ers, is to renew contract ne
gotiations with northern and
western miners. Their talks are
to open here at 2 p.m. (EST)
tomorrow."'
Mr. Truman said in his mes
sage: (Concluded on Page 5, Column 6)
Dale Cold War
Begun by Reds
New York, Jan. 31 (IP) Allen
W. Dulles says Russia started the
cold war" late in April of 1945
when Premier Stalin sent to
President Truman '"the most
brutal, direct telegram we had
ever received from Moscow."
Dulles, war-time chief of the
offices of strategic services in
Switzerland, told the reserve of
ficers' association last night that
the teiegram was a vehement
protest against negotiations for
the surrender of German forces
in Italy.
"I hope some day," he said
to see the originals of those tel
egrams between the White House
and Moscow.
"I know what they mean.
When Stalin heard what we
were doing he sent the most
brutal, direct telegram we had
ever received from Moscow up
to that time. I have always con
sidered this the beginning of the
cold war."
Dulles said the Soviet Union
wanted no peace until she had
completed occupation of areas
sought by the Kremlin.
Jones Wins $30,000
Suit Brought by Jups
Ronald Jones, Lake Labish farmer and president of the Oregon
Farmer's Union, won a long court
bers of the Lake Labish Celery Growers' Co-operative Tuesday
when Marion county circuit court Judge Rex Kimmell issued
a decree in favor of the defendant.
The suit was brought against8
Jones by Hirroshi Kaneko, rep
resenting all Japanese in the
Co-op. The plaintiffs sought
$30,000 from Jones, alleging that
he had been paid that amount
which rightfully belonged to the
Japanese.
The incident was Ignited in
1942. when the government rul
ed that all Japs living on the
west coast be sent to confine
ment camps.
Prior to that time, nearly all
land in the Lake Labish area
had been femed by Japanese.
When they were ordered evacu
ated, the crops were already
planted and would have gone
to waste unless someone took
them over.
So other members of the Lake
Labish Co-operative decided that
Jones, who had been leasing the
land to the Japs, should assume!
I 53 J
State Income
Tax Totalled
$52,111,792
State income tax collections
in 1949 totaled $52,111,792,
which was 12 per cent less than
the record total of $59,203,647
in 1948.
But the state tax commission
isn't worried. It pointed out that
the 1948 record was set because
that's when the withholding tax
went into effect, with the re
sult that many taxpayers paid
two years' taxes in that one
year.
Of the total for 1949, $10,
603,892 was paid under the with
holding tax.
Corporations paid $19,183,
885. There were 389,811 tax
able returns filed by individuals.
The record was 520,342 in 1948.
Plan to Head-off
Phone Strike
Washington, Jan. 31 (IP) The
government's conciliation serv
ice took a step today toward
heading off the nationwide tel
ephone strike called to begin
Feb. 8.
William N. Margolis, associate
director of the federal media
tion and conciliation service, ar
ranged to see the president of
the union, the CIO communica
tions workers.
The president, Joseph A
Beirne is openly hopeful of
more effective action this time
uiou in uib mai uig uHiiuic win,
the Bell Telephone system.
For one thing, the communi
cations workers then were f
loosely organized group and a
strike ran for six weeks, with
the company keeping the dial
telephone equipment running
with little public inconvenience.
This time, the union has the
backing it can claim as a CIO
member union. Also Beirne and
his associates have devised a
plan for unionists to keep the
lines jammed with call after
call, if necessary. It has pledged
however, to maintain emer
gency service for health, fire,
police and other special needs.
The first strike hour 6 a.m
local time a week from tomor
row will find 100,000 work
ers on strike in scattered unions
across the country if the dispute
is not otherwise settled by that
time.
Some 200,000 others, who are
delayed from striking them
selves by contract provisions
until March 1, are expected to
observe the picket lines of the
first group out, union officers
said.
Says Denham Unfit
Miami Beach, Fla., Jan. 31 (IP)
The high command of the
American Federation of Labor,
irked at the latest speech of
Robert N. Denham, has called
him "unfit" for his government
job. He is seeking to apply the
anti-trust laws to labor unions.
battle with the Japanese mem
full control of harvesting the
crop.
Jones then took the project
under his wing, hired help and
supervised the farming of the
celery. The profit for the land
in question in 1942 amounted to
$172,518.34. Of this total, one
half was given to the Japanese
who planted the celery crop, and
the other half went to the Co-op
for harvesting it.
Out of the Co-op's half, bon
uses were paid to the workers.
Jones continued to lease the
land to members of the Co-op
throughout the war. He receiv
ed $100 per acre per year rent on
the celery-producing land. In
1946 the rental value of celery
acreage went up to $200, but
Jones continued to charge co
op members only $100.
(Concluded on Pago 5, Column 8)
B
President Gives
Green Light to
Atomic Board
Washington, Jan. 31 U.R)
President Truman ordered the
atomic energy commission to go
ahead with its work on the hy
drogen superbomb.
The president said that this
development program would
continue "until a satisfactory
plan for international control of
atomic energy is achieved."
He said in a special statement
that it is his responsibility to
see that this country is able to
defend itself "against any pos
sible aggressor."
The president's order came
two hours after publication of
an atomic energy commission
report which disclosed that the
AEC already has been pushing
research into the nuclear process
es for making a hydrogen bomb.
Research Work Begun
This research work has been
carried out in large part at the
Los Alamos bomb science labor
atory in New Mexico, at the Ar
gonne National laboratory near
i-nicago, at the university of
California Radiation laboratory
in Berkeley, and at a host of
other private and public re
search institutions.
There have been no official
statements on how much more
powerful than conventional
atomic bombs the hydrogen
weapon might be. Private sci
entists have made estimates
ranging from two to 1,000 times
more powerful. The more con
servative ones believe, in view
Df all the technical factors in-
voivea, mat the better guess
would be 2 to 10 times.
That does not mean trie new
weapon, if it can be made, would
be that much more destructive.
The AEC recently pointed out
'.hat doubling a bomb's power
would increase the area of devas
tation only by about one-quar
ter.
(Concluded on Page 5, Column 6)
Reds Resume
Berlin Blockade
Berlin, Jan. 31 (IP) The Rus
sians resumed their "Little
Blockade" on truck traffic across
their zone frontiers today after a
one-day truce.
Starting early this morning
Soviet guards at the Helmstedt
border checkpoint which con
trols road traffic both ways be
tween Berlin and west Germany
took so much time checking
each truck bound for Berlin that
a long waiting line formed.
The "little blockade" had
been lifted yesterday to allow
passage of all trucks except a few
with improper papers.
Through the night only five or
six trucks an hour arrived at
Helmstedt, but each was waved
through without an inspection.
tion.
Without explanation the
guards changed their attitude in
the early hours of the morning
and began haggling over cargo
papers and drivers' documents.
More traffic arrived at the
checkpoint as daylight approach
ed, but the guards held the flow
to about five trucks an hour. The
normal rate is about 30.
TODAY!
On Page 12
Another top-notch mystery
story
Murder in
New Orleans
By Brett Halliday
Author of the Michael
Shayne stories.
You will enjoy this bet
ter story a mystery to
be solved within the
week.
Turn to Page 12
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