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Federal Payroll
Cut by 8,600
Washington, Jan. 30 U.R
Employment in the executive
branch of the federal govern
ment dropped on Jan. 1 to the
lowest point in almost eight
years, the civil. service commis
sion said today.
The number of persons work
ing in departments under the
executive branch dropped to
1,979,500, including 151,700 sta
tioned overseas. The total was 8,
600 below the December level
1 and the lowest since April, 1942.
The commission said that
more than twice as many agen
cies reported lower employment
in January than reported in
creases. The post office department,
with its thousands of mail car
riers and other postal workers,
stiU led the list with 535,800
workers, accounting for 27 per
cent of the executive branch's
total employment. The army de
partment was second with 316,
500; the navy next with 290,400,
and the air force had 150,000
employes.
Brooks Garden Club
Told About Begonias
Brooks The Brooks Garden
club met at the home of Mrs.
Dollie Ramp for luncheon. Fol
lowing the regular business
meeting, Mr. Clark, from the
D-Vista Gardens, 3225 D street,
Salem, gave a talk on the cul
ture of tuberous begonias, with
slides. Also information regard
ing other types.
Those present were Mrs. Min
n Dunigan, Mrs. Elsie West
ling, Mrs. Opal Hasmussen, Mrs.
Bertha Johnson, Mrs. Grover
Newman, Mrs. Bertha Morisky,
Mrs. Eva Conn, Mrs. Cyril Walk
er and daughter Bonita, Mrs.
Willa Vinyard, Mrs. Marie
Bosch, Mrs. Nona Sidebottom,
Mrs. Anna Dunlavy, and the
hostess Mrs. Bamp.
The next meeting will be at
the home of Mrs. Evelyn Jones.
Court Marion Holds
Evening of Cards
Mt. Angel Court Marion,
Catholic Daughters of America,
held a social meeting when 13
tables were in play at "500' and
bridge. High score winners were
Mrs. M. Simon and Mrs. Robert
Fronk. Mrs. Victor Hoffer was
given the special award.
Hostesses were Mrs. Ernest
Crowder, chairman. Mrs. J. L.
Wachter, Mrs. David Traviss.
Mrs. Charles Bochsler, Mrs. E.
B. Stolle, Mrs. M. Deneke, Mrs.
P. N. Smith, Mrs. Bernard
Kirsch, Mrs. L. A. Zeis and Mrs.
Henry Zollner.
Mrs. Colyer Honored
Amity Orville A. Colyer in
vited a few friends to their
home to honor Mrs. Colyer with
a surprise birthday party. At
tending were Mr. and Mrs. Elmer
Engelland, Mr. and Mrs. H. N.
Wilcox, Mr. and Mrs. Don Ful
ler, Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Kista,
Mr. and Mrs. Van K. Lawson,
and Walter, Mrs. Claire Glover.
Games, gifts and refreshments
featured tha event I
Jefferson Church
Host to Convention
Jefferson The district. Sun
day school convention was held
in the Marion Friends church
Sunday afternoon at 2:30 p.m.
The opening song service was in
charge of Rev. Elvin Fast of the
Scio Baptist church, prayer
period by Eldon Turmdge, spe
cial number by Marion Friends
church and roll call by Mrs.
Harold Grate.
Ed Holland of Scio directed
"Young Peoples Time." Special
numbers were by the Jefferson
Evangelical United Brethren
church, The children held
classes after which the conven
tion address was given by Rev.
James Neely of the First Bap
tist church of Albany, who had
as his subject "China's Orphans
Need Christ." The offering
taken will be sent to the China
Inland Mission Orphanage,
Shanghai.
Looking Down Center Street In 1S8R and 1950 View made
by Johnson 'the artist" from the roof of the newly completed
East Salem school 62 years ago. Barns, woodsheds and outdoor
toilets are vanished landmarks of a district now becoming
a commercial and civic development. Six decades brought this
change: Capitol shopping center, paved streets and auto
mobiles now occupy the area photographed by Johnson "the
artist" in 1838. Only the Methodist church spire, courthouse
clock tower and the cross on Sacred Heart academy remain
as landmarks on the skyline.
The sea slug defends itself by
casting its gelatine-like insides
at its foes, growing a new set.
62 Years Bring Changes as
Seen From East School Roof
By BEN MAXWELL v
About 1888 Johnson "the artist", prominent Salem photo
grapher of those times, set up his view camera on the roof of
the newly completed East school and made a view looking down
Center street from the 12th street intescction.
Lately a contemporary photographer made a picture from
the same position and approxi-f-
matelv the same angle. A com
parison of these pictures made
62 years apart reveals the devel
opment of this section of Salem
during six decades.
Where Bergs market now
stands in the Capitol Shopping
Center a one-story dwelling
stood in 1888. When the South
ern Pacific, lessee of Oregon &
California railroad right of way,
bought an adjacent right of way
through Salem in the early 1900s
this structure was removed. Six
ty years ago a gas lamp on a
post illuminated this corner. To
day, almost in the same location,
powerful floodlights illuminate
a Berg exit.
Governor Stephen Chadwick's
home was standing on the north
east corner of Capitol and Cen
ter streets, when Johnson made
his photograph. Today the Owl
Drug store and Kress occupy
this site.
Smoke in the recent view bil
lows from a clearing under way
for the new state highway office
building. In the old view the
site was occupied by inconspic
uous dwellings.
At Court and Summer streets
in the 1880s stood the spacious
mid-Victorian mansion built by
E. N. Cooke, state treasurer in
the late 1860s. In those times it
was legally permissible for the
state treasurer to loan state
funds and collect the interest
therefrom for his own usage.
Sixty years ago Salem had no
paved streets, the telephone was
just coming into vogue and elec
tricity was used mostly for street
lighting. Barns, woodsheds and
outdoor toilets are conspicuous
in the view of 1888. None is to
be seen in the modern view.
Distictly visible in the contem
porary picture are automobiles
largely responsible for the de
centralization in Salem that stinv
ulated suburban shopping cen-ters.
Remaining on Salem's skyline
over an interval of 60 years are
three landmarks: the Methodist
church steeple, the courthouse
clock tower, and the cross on the
Sacred Heart academy.
Young Matrons Club
Guest at Monmouth
Monmouth The Young Ma
trons club met with Mrs. Les
ter Green with Mrs. Lillie West
fall assisting. Members present
answered roll call with a "Busy
day meal." Refreshments were
served to the following mem
bers: Mrs. Van Crider, Mrs. Bet
ty Carothers, Mrs. Paulsen, Mrs.
O. L. Jacobson, Mrs. Ralph Win
egar, Mrs. Charles Barry, Mrs.
Robert Baker, Mrs. Earl Guen
ther, Mrs. Joe Smiley, Mrs. Bud
Yung and Mrs. John Sparks.
Garden Club Elects
Jefferson At the meeting of
the Jefferson "Friendly Garden
Club" Alfred Powell was unani
mously re-elcted president; Mrs.
George Mills, vice president;
Mrs. Charles Sarver, secretary,
and Mrs. Helen Caywood, treas
urer. The club voted to give
$10-toward the polio fund. It
was also decided to hold a plant
and bulb exchange at the Feb
ruary meeting. Refreshments
were served by Mrs. Guy Ro
land, Mrs. Earl Lynes, Mr. and
Mrs. Les Shields.
Greeks Found Method of
Measuring Stars' Brightness
By J. HUGH PRUETT
Astronomer, Extension Division, Oregon Higher Education System
When St. Paul 1900 years ago wrote "For one star differs
from another in glory," he was stating the principle classifying
the stars according to their brightness.
But to the Greek astronomers Hipparchus (around 150 B. C.)
and Ptolemy (A.D., 150) belongs the credit for introducing the
present method of designating a
the apparent luminosity of stars.
Ptolemy catalogued and grad
ed almost all the . naked-eye
stars into six magnitudes. He
listed the brightest 20 visible
from Alexandria, Egypt, as first
magnitude. At the other end of
the scale, he rated as sixth mag
nitude the dimmest he could see
on a clear, moonless night. (Let
us call these lm and 6m).. The
stars of intermediate brightness
he put in 2m, 3m, 4m and 5m.
The dimmer, the larger the mag
nitude. The Big Dipper stars
are mostly 2m.
fade to a very dim 5m star. Many
of our ' seemingly dim stars
would be far brighter; others,
much fainter. Old Sol is about
midway in the scale The dim
mest star known is one of discov
ered in 1943 in Aquila with an
absolute magnitude of 19m; the
brightest is S Doradus in the
Greater Magellanic Cloud, "mi
nus 9m." These two are actually
about 400,000 times dimmer and
400,000 times brighter than our
sun.
,L, - 4 V , ' SmRfc
Tells of Burglary Columnist and nightclub owner Billy
Rose (left), tells reporters in New York burglars looted his
apartment of $100,000 in gems and furs. The burglars carried
off a safe too. Rose also stated the loss would have been much
greater but his wife, the former Eleanor Holm, one-tim swim
star, wore much of her jewelry to a play premiere. ' (AP
Wirephoto)
$100to$1000a
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After telescopes came into use
340 years ago, much fainter
stars broke into view. Since a
standard lm star is about 100
times brighter than a 6m, it was
decided to consider each magni
tude about 2.5 times brighter
than the the one next dimmer,
for 2.512 multiplied together
five times gives 100. Thus a lm
is 2.5 times brighter than
2m; a 2m, 2.5 times brighter
than a 3m, etc. Since a few stars
are much brighter than lm, we
now have to go on down to 0m
and even minus values. Venus
at its best is better than "minus
4m." The new 200-inch teles
cope shows stars (photographic
ally) as dim as plus 23m, or ar
ound 6,000,000 times fainter than
the faintest the unaided eye re
veals.
But this system of apparent
magnitudes does not give us any
idea of the real luminosity of
a star. One might appear dim
if it is intrinsically faint and rel
atively near, or if quite bright
but remote. Our sun, the nearest
known star, ranks "minus 27m"
because it is so close to us.
Astronomers have devised a
system by which they rate stars
according to their actual lumin
osity. This they call absolute
magnitude. In imagination they
place all stars of which they
know the distance and apparent
brightness at a location 32.6
light-years (a light-year is al
most six trillion miles) from us
and view them from there. All
at this same distance, their rel
ative brightness would be a cor
rect measure of their actual
luminosity.
At this distance our sun would
Capital Journal, Salem, Ore., Monday, January 30, 1950 13
vJL. g Wfffmm.M
lit.
Bedside Testimony Nurses' instruction room at Perma
nente hospital in Oakland, Calif., becomes a court room as
defense witness William Christensen, longshoreman under
treatment for a spinal injury, testifies in the Harry Bridges
perjury-conspiracy trial. Prosecutor F. Joseph Donohue
(standing) questions the witness while Judge George B.
Harris (lower left) and the jury (right) listen. Christensen
testified that he drove Bridges to Stockton, Calif., the night
of June 27, 1936, the approximate time two government wit
nesses placed Bridges at a communist party meeting in New
York. (Acme Telephoto)
Sfayton Librarian
Receives New Books
Stayton The recent winter
weather has sent many people to
the Stayton Public library for
books to occupy their hours in
doors. One recent Saturday
afternoon 60 books were borrow
ed, according to Mrs. Ona Welt
zel, librarian.
A number of new books have
been added including "Jack and
Jill," Alcott; "Alice Adventures
in Wonderland," Carroll; "Teen
Age Adventures, Lenski; "Pen
rod and Sam" and "Penrod
Jashber," Tarkington; "Way of
a Dog," Terhune; "Daddy-Long-Legs,"
Webster.
Two new books, "Cutlass Em
pire," Mason, and "The Wrath
and the Wind" by Key, have
been donated by Mrs. Walter
Phelps, a newcomer to Stayton,
whose husband is employed by
Mt. States Power company.
Why Suffer
Any Longer
When othora fall, tue our Chines rem
edies. Amtzlns succeu for 6000 year
In Chins No matter with what all
ments you art afflicted, disorder,
slnujim, heart, luns. liver, kidney.
iut, constipation, ulcers, dlabetea,
rheumatism, iall and bladder, fever,
akin, female complaints.
CHARLIE
CHAN
CHINESE HERB CO.
Office Boors 9 to 6,
Toes, and Sat. nlr
tU N. Cemmerelal
Phone Si 830
SALEM. ORB,
Woodburn PTA
To Host Dads
Woodburn The January
meeting cf the Woodburn Parent-Teacher
association was held
at the high school with Norman
F. Tyler presiding.
Plans were made to hold a
cooked food sale on February
11 with Mrs. McKinley Hender
son as chairmen,
The next meeting, February
28, will be "Father's Night,"
and the committee in charge
will be . Kenneth Thompson,
chairman; C. W. Kersten, Dcl
bert Seely and McKinley Hen
derson. Husbands of the room
mothers will serve refreshments.
The members tentatively
agreed to sponsor two 4-H half
scholarships for the summer
school.
A dental health film "It's Your
Health," was shown by Howard
Pyfer of the county health de
partment who also gave a talk
on the "March of Dimes."
Refreshments were served by
the fourth grade room mothers,
Mrs. Delbert Seey, Mrs. Arthur
M. Burt, Mrs. Homer Wads
worth, Mrs. Edward C. Coman
and Mrs. Dean Bishoprick.
Stampley to Head
Woodburn DeMolays
Woodburn Tom Stampley,
son of Mr. and Mrs. Ray Stamp-
ley of Woodburn, Route 1, and
a senior at Woodburn high school
was elected master councilor
of the Woodburn chapter of De
Molay at the regular meeting
Thursday night at the Masonic
Temple. He succeeds Charles
Ruud.
Other officers elected were:
Charles Murphy, senior council
or; Merle Henn, junior council
or; and Charles Ruud, scribe
Appointive officers will be an
nounced later public installation
will be held February 2.
Twenty boys were present at
the meeting and the following
members of the advisory board;
David Cavett, Arthur M. Burt,
C. H. Ahrens, Harlow C. Dixon,
Earl C. Hoseweart and Lester
E. Keller.
Refreshments were served af
ter the meeting by the Mother's
Circle.
Seal Sale Reported
Hubbard A final report on
the sale of T. B. seals for Hub
bard shows a total of $190.25, as
reported by Mrs. C. J. Friend,
chairman.
Amity Mr. and Mrs. F. D.
Martin attended the Western
Retail Lumbermen's association,
at Multnomah hotel in Portland.
The 1951 meeting will be at
Spokane, Wash.
Sea slugs range in color from
sandy through pink, dark red
and black, says the National
Geographic Society.
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